JP2003013701A - System and device for converting hot pressing power - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a system and a device for converting a hot pressing power of a new mechanism which may increase the effective work efficiency of a clean heat engine, increase the cleanliness of exhaust emission, increase types of fuel systems to be selected, and reduce noise and vibration. SOLUTION: This system comprises an external cylinder 1 having a heat medium inlet part 4 and a heat medium outlet part 5, and an internal cylinder 2 having a power transmitting revolving shaft supported by bearings disposed in the cylinder 1 and installed on an integral curved shaft capable of becoming the self-rotating shaft of the internal cylinder 2. Since the system is formed of a movable spiral continuous partition wall provided substantially air-tight and slidably midway between the internal and external cylinders 1 and 2 and the internal cylinder 2 revolves by a planetary rotating motion while coming into contact with the inner wall surface of the external cylinder 1, a space formed of partition walls overlapped in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder and the internal and external cylinders 1 and 2 is varied by the revolving.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001] The present invention utilizes the heat and pressure energy of various substances such as gas and liquid as practical kinetic energy or electric energy, and uses a gas or liquid fuel and a combustion agent for oxidizing and burning it. At the same time, it is taken into the combustion space composed of the inner and outer cylinders and the spiral partition wall and burned to cause volume expansion of the combustion system fluid, and the expansion energy is converted into the rotation of the space that expands by the rotation and revolution motion, which is practical. The present invention relates to a novel thermal-pressure power conversion system that can be converted into natural kinetic energy or electric energy, and its device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, problems of energy and environment have come to be mentioned as the biggest problems of humankind.

Regarding the energy problem, fossil fuels used in thermal power generation, fuel cells, etc. have doubts about their durability due to resource depletion and environmental problems, but diversification of fuels, improvement of energy efficiency, and cleaning of exhaust gas. If the above can be achieved, it will greatly contribute to soft landing to a recycling-based society.

Conventionally, power and electric energy that can be effectively used by human beings have been procured mainly from steam engines and steam turbines that use boilers that use coal or heavy oil as fuel, or gasoline engines and light oil derived from petroleum. The diesel engine, the gas turbine, and other internal combustion engines
Have procured.

Recently, the efficiency of an internal combustion engine has been improved, and the overall efficiency has been improved by cogeneration by using a gas turbine and a steam turbine using the exhaust gas energy.

However, the technology for purifying exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine and improving efficiency is approaching its limit, and in order to achieve further clean exhaust gas and energy efficiency, a drastic change of energy conversion system such as a fuel cell is required. Has come to be considered even if it is necessary.

[0007] Therefore, it has been expected that if an internal combustion engine that can use various fuels and has high efficiency of conversion into clean exhaust gas and effective energy can be developed, it will be the basis of an innovative energy system.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies for solving the above problems, the present inventor has conducted a step of vaporizing a material heat source by bringing a liquid heat medium that evaporates near its temperature into contact with the material heat source through a heat exchanger. The step (1) and the step (2) of radiating and liquefying the vaporized heat transfer medium by radiating heat by heating the substance to be heated through a heat exchanger different from the heat exchanger under pressure are connected and circulated. Extracting the volume expansion energy at the time of vaporization of the liquid heat medium and the heat radiation energy of step (2)
We have found that there is a resource recycling system for material heat energy, which is characterized by recycling as effective heat energy and electric energy or kinetic energy, and have already applied for a patent (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-338320, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-338320). 375
962, Japanese Patent Application 2000-35840, Japanese Patent Application 2000-4
03545).

The present invention takes out heat, pressure, and volume change in the adiabatic state change of the gas-liquid heat transfer medium or in the state change due to transfer of heat from outside the system as effective work energy (exergy) among the above-mentioned invention techniques. As a result of studying the improved method, the invention has arrived, and by the proposal of a new internal combustion engine that has not been taken up in the past, diversification of fuel system, cleaning of exhaust gas, and improvement of energy conversion efficiency were achieved. Furthermore, by using a cogeneration system, we will provide basic technology that will greatly improve overall efficiency.

That is, the present invention expands or contracts a heat medium composed of a gas and / or a liquid having a predetermined temperature and pressure in an adiabatic state or while exchanging heat from inside or outside the system, and the volume and pressure generated at that time. In a thermo-compression power conversion system that can extract changes in kinetic or electric energy (exergy), an external cylinder having a heat medium introduction part and a discharge part, and bearings arranged at both ends or one end of the cylinder. It consists of an inner cylinder that has a supported revolving shaft for power transmission and is attached to one curved shaft that can be the rotating shaft of one or more inner cylinders, and has a substantially airtight contact between the inner and outer cylinders. It is composed of a movable spiral continuous partition that interposes in a slidable state, and the planetary rotation while the inner cylinder is in contact with the inner wall of the outer cylinder. By moving and revolving, the space formed by the partition wall and the inner and outer cylinders that are layered in the cylinder longitudinal direction is changed so that it revolves.Taking in the heat medium from the introduction part of one end of the cylinder and discharging it to the other end. According to the first gist of the present invention, there is provided a novel thermal-pressure power conversion system characterized by taking out positive or negative exergy from the revolution shaft. Further, in the above novel thermal-pressure power conversion system, the heating medium composed of gas and / or liquid having a predetermined temperature and pressure has a function as a fuel and a combustion agent, and the cylinder longitudinal direction formed in the system. A new thermo-compressive power that burns in the space formed by partition walls and inner and outer cylinders that overlap each other and can extract the change in pressure and volume of the heat medium generated by generated heat energy as kinetic or electric energy (exergy) The conversion system is the second gist. Furthermore, in the above-mentioned new thermal-pressure power conversion system, the internal cylinder has one
The body's curved shafts are connected in multiple stages in series, and the rotating shafts are arranged at positions opposite to each other, so that stress deformation of the integral shaft due to contact between the inner and outer cylinders does not occur easily. The new heat and pressure power conversion system is the third gist. Further, in the above novel thermal-pressure power conversion system, a new thermal-pressure power conversion system is provided with a heat exchange function so that heat energy can be transferred to and from the outside of the external cylinder. And Furthermore, in the above new thermal-pressure power conversion system, a spiral groove with a designed pitch is formed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder or the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the spiral partition slides in and out while sliding in accordance with the rotation of the inner cylinder. Installed in a possible form, the space formed by the partition walls and the inner and outer cylinders that are layered in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder is substantially airtight, and the volume of the same inner cylinder is continuously adjusted or changed. A novel thermal-pressure power converter characterized by the above is defined as a fifth gist.

The basic system of the present invention expands or contracts a heat medium composed of a gas and / or a liquid having a predetermined temperature and pressure in an adiabatic state or while exchanging heat from inside or outside the system, and the volume generated at that time. A thermal-pressure power conversion system that can extract changes in pressure as kinetic or electrical energy (exergy). The heat medium is composed of fuel and a combustion agent such as air, and has a sliding partition wall. One of the so-called internal combustion engines (engines) when combustion and volume expansion are performed in the revolving inner and outer double cylinders and the changes in volume and pressure that occur at that time are taken out as kinetic or electrical energy (exergy). Becomes

Further, in the system in which the heat medium expands while receiving heat from the outside of the system, when the external heat is obtained by combustion of the fuel, it becomes a so-called external combustion engine.

Conventionally known systems having the same function of heat and power conversion include 1) a piston / cylinder system (external) combustion engine, and 2) a gas turbine with rotating blades. The piston / cylinder is a batch type and converts the expansion energy of the combustion system into rotational kinetic energy by the cycle of intake, compression, ignition and expansion of the fuel system. Therefore, in the suction / compression process, the work is a wasteful operation, and the effective energy conversion rate of the expansion work due to friction energy loss, noise due to reciprocating motion, and conversion loss into rotary motion becomes low. Also, turbines with rotating blades are widely used in steam power generation, gas turbines, etc.
Since the heat and pressure energy of the combustion fluid are converted into fluid kinetic energy and a reaction or lift is applied to the rotary blades to convert it into rotary kinetic energy, the effective work efficiency becomes low.

The novel thermal pressure power conversion system of the present invention is
This is a heavy-cylinder auto-rotating spiral partition type thermal pressure power conversion system.For example, when a sliding spiral partition is installed in the inner cylinder groove, the intake of the fuel system is taken in naturally without valve by the rotation of the inner cylinder. Therefore, the waste of the compression process becomes unnecessary. An independent chamber is formed between the spiral partition wall and the inner and outer cylinders that are layered by one rotation of the inner cylinder, and when ignition is performed using the ignition device introduced through the outer cylinder wall in the independent chamber where the fuel system is sucked, combustion occurs. To raise the temperature and pressure. As a result, the total pressure on the discharge side in the independent chamber exceeds the total pressure on the suction side, and the inner cylinder revolves due to the differential pressure. By repeating this, the rotation continues, and the rotational power is extracted smoothly and with less noise. At this time, the pressure difference and the energy of volume expansion can be directly converted into rotary work without interposing the kinetic energy of the combustion system like a gas turbine. Except for loss, the effective work conversion efficiency of expansion energy is close to 100%.

The installation of the spiral partition can be accomplished by forming a groove in the inner cylinder or the outer cylinder and inserting it. The pitch and other profiles can be designed, and the volume expansion process can be set appropriately. The number of layers of the spiral partition wall is preferably two or more,
About 3 to 15 times can be recommended. Further, it is possible to install a plurality of spiral partition walls to improve the work efficiency, and the shape of the cylinder can be optimized by various designs by incorporating the factors of cylinder and cone.

In the present invention, the inner cylinder is placed on a single curved shaft so that the inner cylinder can keep its contact with the outer cylinder uniformly and stably even when it is elongated. , A plurality of stages are connected in series and the rotation shafts are arranged at positions opposite to each other with respect to the revolution shaft. The single curved shaft can be manufactured by metal forging, cutting, welding, or molding using a mold made of carbon fiber composite material or the like.
The inner cylinder can be mounted on a single curved shaft via bearings to enable smooth rotation and revolution. If desired, it is possible to provide a curved shaft bearing supported by an outer cylinder between a plurality of inner cylinders.

In particular, the system of the present invention provided with the external heat exchange capability is characterized in that the energy transfer efficiency such as heat radiation and external heating can be improved by making the system long and in multiple stages. Regarding the spiral pitch and the height of the partition wall, it is extremely advantageous in terms of improving work efficiency that the profile design is possible in consideration of the effects of energy transfer efficiency and volume change rate.

As the cylinder material, organic materials such as organic polymer resin, fluorine-containing resin, and carbon fiber resin composite material can be used when the cylinder temperature is relatively low, and various metals, ceramics, and ceramics can be used for relatively high temperature. A surface-treated carbon fiber composite material or the like can be used.

When the cylinder temperature is relatively low, the spiral partition wall material is made of an organic polymer resin, as a slidable material.
A fluorine-containing resin, a carbon fiber resin composite material, a flat band material selected from metals softer than a cylinder, various cross-sectional shape materials, or a tubular material containing a gas filling can be used. Metals such as steel, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, and magnesium are preferable in a system that generates a high temperature using combustion heat, but ceramics, ceramic surface-treated carbon fiber composite materials, and the like can be used depending on the fuel system.

In particular, in the case of catalytically combustible fuel capable of low-temperature combustion, and in a lean and large-capacity combustion system, it is advantageous to use a tube capable of applying gas pressure as the spiral partition material. In this case, like the ground contact of the tires of automobiles and bicycles, the bulkhead contacts between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder and elastically returns to its original shape, so there is no friction between the cylinder and the bulkhead at the groove wall. The heat medium expansion chamber can be formed.

The heating medium when no fuel is used is carbon dioxide gas,
Examples include water, ammonia, hydrocarbons, fluorine-based organic heat transfer media, and combinations thereof.

When using fuel, gasoline, light oil,
Liquid fuels such as heavy oil, methanol, ethanol and dimethyl ether, and gas fuels such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and hydrogen can be used. That is, the usable fuel selection species is extremely wide. However, solid fuels such as coal and pulverized coal hinder the rotational movement of the cylinder, which is not preferable.

Air or oxygen gas can be used as the combustion agent. It is desirable that the fuel and the combustion agent are introduced in a gaseous state by premixing, or in the case of a liquid fuel, in the form of mist.

The risk of backfire can be avoided by adopting the separate charging method, in which the combustion agent is passed through the introduction port and the fuel is pressed from the side of the outer cylinder into the place where the independent chamber is formed.

If necessary, a predetermined amount (10-60%) of water, liquefied carbon dioxide, or other nonflammable liquid may be mixed and added to the fuel system. The effect is that these liquids can be vaporized by the heat generated by the ignition of the combustion system, and can be expanded in volume or can be prevented from extremely rising in temperature. As a result, not only the output per fuel unit can be greatly improved, but also harmful emissions such as NOx, SOx and PM can be reduced.

Further, the input combustion is localized and ignited,
By selecting a state diluted with a large amount of air or carbon dioxide, a method of preventing excessive temperature rise and reducing NOx, SOX, PM, etc. can be taken.

The thermal pressure power conversion system according to the present invention is
Not only can it be used in devices and equipment that can use rotational power, but it can also be used in applications where the kinetic energy of the exhaust system is used as reaction power. Examples of the former include rotary engines for mobile bodies such as automobiles, airplanes, and ships, large generators, distributed generators, and the power of various power machines. An example of the latter is a jet engine. In this case, unlike the conventional jet engine, the compression process of the fuel system is not necessary, so the output efficiency can be increased.

The system of the present invention includes an internal combustion engine and an external combustion engine which heats a gas / liquid system introduced into an independent chamber by introducing heat from the outside of the cylinder to vaporize and thermally expand the system to take out power. Solar heat, geothermal heat,
If the heat of the atmosphere, seawater, or running water is used, it will be a renewable clean energy utilization power system that uses natural energy. When fluid substances such as air, rivers, and seawater are used, these substances are solar energy (heat / light).
Energy is continuously supplied by absorbing and convection. In other words, it becomes an effective total solar energy effective utilization system.

By utilizing the exhaust heat generated by the operation of the system device of the present invention, a steam power generation system similar to the conventional one is operated, or another system of the present invention is heated to form a multiple system, and effective work of heat energy The conversion efficiency can be improved.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example in which the novel thermal pressure power conversion system / apparatus of the present invention has one internal cylinder.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an example of another system of the present invention. In the figure, the inner cylinder has two stages, the contact portions of the inner and outer cylinders are located on the opposite side to the revolution axis, and the axis deviation of the revolution is small.

[0033]

In the case where a plurality of inner cylinders are used, the novel thermal-pressure power conversion system and the device thereof according to the present invention are arranged on opposite sides of the orbiting shaft, and have a spiral partition wall overlapping the inner and outer cylinders. It is designed to form multiple independent chambers. In addition, the pitch of the spiral partition changes from the inlet to the outlet side, and the heat medium or the heat supply source such as the fuel and the combustion agent is naturally taken into the independent chamber from the inlet by the rotation of the inner cylinder. At this point, when heat is transferred from the external system or fuel is ignited, the internal pressure of the independent chamber increases, the expanded inner cylinder is pressed toward the outlet side, and revolving power of the inner cylinder is generated. This rotary power corresponds to the power of an internal combustion engine (Mirror cycle) with a large expansion ratio, and as long as the volume expansion of the combustion system continues, it can be converted into rotary energy, which can be used as a rotary power engine for moving bodies such as automobiles. Therefore, it is possible to generate power with high efficiency by connecting to the generator. Further, the fuel selectivity is less than that of a normal internal combustion engine, various gases and liquid fuels can be adopted, the power conversion efficiency is high, and NOx, SOX, PM and the like of exhaust gas can be extremely reduced. . Further, the exhaust heat can be used as a power source or a heat source for other heat engines. Moreover, various heat resource energy can be converted into effective power (exergy) by using an external heat source in combination with the outside of the outer cylinder and exchanging heat. Since no pollutants are generated when these kinds of energy are generated, it is extremely effective from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a system / apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the system / apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 outer cylinder 2 inner cylinder 3 External heat exchange function 4 Fuel system inlet 5 outlets 6 ignition points 7 Separated fuel injection port

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A heat medium composed of a gas and / or a liquid having a predetermined temperature and pressure is expanded or contracted in an adiabatic state or while transferring heat from inside or outside the system, and changes in volume and pressure generated at that time are moved. Alternatively, in a heat-pressure power conversion system capable of being taken out as electric energy (exergy), power supported by an external cylinder having a heat medium introduction part and a discharge part, and bearings arranged at both ends or one end of the cylinder. It has an orbital shaft for transmission and is composed of an inner cylinder attached to one curved shaft that can be the rotation shaft of one or more inner cylinders, and is capable of sliding and sliding in the middle of the inner and outer cylinders. It is composed of a movable spiral continuous partition that intervenes in a simple state. The inner cylinder contacts the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the planetary cylinder rotates and revolves. As a result, the space formed by the partition wall and the inner and outer cylinders that are layered in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder is changed by the revolution, and the heat medium is taken in from the introduction part of one end of the cylinder and discharged to the other end of the revolution shaft. A new heat and pressure power conversion system characterized by extracting positive or negative exergy from the system. 2. The novel heat-and-pressure power conversion system according to claim 1, wherein the heat medium composed of gas and / or liquid having a predetermined temperature and pressure has a function as a fuel and a combustion agent and is formed in the system. It is possible to take out the change in the pressure and volume of the heating medium generated by the generated heat energy as kinetic or electric energy (exergy) by burning in the space formed by the partition wall that overlaps the cylinder longitudinal direction and the inner and outer cylinders. A new thermal power conversion system. 3. The novel thermo-hydraulic power conversion system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner cylinders are connected in a plurality of stages in series by one curved shaft, and the rotation shafts are located at positions opposite to the revolution shafts alternately. By arranging
A new thermal-pressure power conversion system designed to prevent stress deformation of the integral shaft due to contact between the inner and outer cylinders. 4. The novel heat and pressure power conversion system according to claim 1, 2 and 3, wherein a heat exchange function is provided on the outside of the external cylinder so that heat energy can be exchanged with the outside of the system. Pressure power conversion system. 5. The novel heat-and-pressure power conversion system according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 4, wherein a spiral-shaped groove having a designed pitch is formed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder or the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the spiral partition is the inner cylinder. Installed in a form that allows you to enter and exit while sliding along with the revolution of
A new heat and pressure characterized in that the space formed by the partition wall and the inner and outer cylinders that are layered in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder is substantially airtight and continuously regulates or changes in the range of the same inner cylinder. Power converter.