JP2003003799A - Ventilation control device for road tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation control device for a tunnel having an entrance of concentrated exhaust air, which can minimize the amount of contaminated air leakage from the entrance, according to the fluctuation in wind velocity at a tunnel outlet port. SOLUTION: According to the control device, fluctuation in traffic over a short period of time passing through the tunnel is expected based on a measured value by a traffic sensor (3), and fluctuation in traffic ventilation power is expected based on the fluctuation in the traffic. Then, the fluctuation in the traffic ventilation power is adjusted by changing jet fan ventilation power, which is achieved by changing the number of activated jet fans (1), to thereby minimize the fluctuation in longitudinal wind velocity in the tunnel. In this manner, the longitudinal wind velocity in the tunnel can be stabilized irrespective of the fluctuation in the traffic over a short period of time. Under such circumstances, the intake wind velocity from the entrance, measured by an anemometer (5) can be easily maintained to a value close to a set wind velocity, by adjusting (velocity feedback-controlling) a concentrated exhaust air fan (2).

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation control device for a jet fan and a wellhead centralized exhaust fan installed in a tunnel in a wellheaded central exhaust longitudinal ventilation type road tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In normal ventilation control of a road tunnel of a normal concentrated exhaust vertical flow ventilation system, control for keeping the concentration of pollution in the tunnel below a reference value has been widely performed. In this control, as shown in FIG. 1, a pollution concentration sensor (VI meter or CO meter) (4) is installed near the central exhaust pit where the pollution concentration is high, and a traffic volume sensor (3) is installed at the tunnel entrance. A method of controlling the jet fan (1) and the central exhaust fan (2) by combining the measured values of the above into the control device (6) and combining the pollutant concentration feedback and the traffic flow feedforward using these measured data is widely used. Came. However, with this control, it is difficult to suppress leakage of contaminated air from the tunnel wellhead (section 2). As shown in Fig. 2, a wind speed sensor (5) is installed in the tunnel and the intake wind speed from the well in the section 2 is used as the standard value in the well-exhausted centralized exhaust vertical flow ventilation system that suppresses the amount of contaminated air leaking from the well in the tunnel. Traffic sensor for holding (3)
A method has been proposed in which a variable wind speed control value based on the measured amount is used to control the central exhaust fan (2) by using the wind speed feedback control by the control device (7) to reduce the blow-through phenomenon due to gusts and the like. . (Reference 1) However, since the traffic flow in the tunnel is not uniform and fluctuates,
The ventilation force due to the piston effect of the traffic flow also fluctuates constantly. If the blow-through phenomenon due to this influence is carried out only by the wind speed feedback control by the exhaust fan, the fluctuation of the exhaust fan becomes large due to the effect delay time, and the fluctuation of the wind speed also becomes large. Therefore, in order to guarantee the worst value of the wind speed, the set wind speed in the section must be increased, which in turn leads to an increase in the amount of electric power. (Reference 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-337100

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
It is known to fluctuate considerably in a short period of 15 minutes. Traffic rises and falls rapidly in the short term, such as when commuting in the morning and evening. On highways, platooning is a phenomenon in which a group of vehicles arrive at a certain time and an accordion phenomenon in which vehicle speed repeatedly rises and falls. Such short-term fluctuations in traffic volume cause fluctuations in the ventilation capacity of the tunnel, and consequently fluctuations in the wind speed that are directly linked to the blow-through phenomenon. An object of the present invention is to provide a control device that suppresses wind speed fluctuations due to such short-term traffic fluctuations and suppresses the amount of leaking contaminated air from the tunnel wellhead.

[0004]

In order to solve this problem, according to the present invention, short-term fluctuations in traffic volume passing through a tunnel are predicted from the measured values of a traffic sensor, and from this, fluctuations in traffic ventilation power are predicted. , The fluctuation of the traffic ventilation force is adjusted by the fluctuation of the jet fan ventilation force by changing the number of operating jet fans, and the fluctuation of the longitudinal wind velocity in the tunnel is suppressed to a small level. This stabilizes the longitudinal wind speed in the tunnel regardless of short-term fluctuations in traffic volume. On the other hand, the intake wind speed from the wellhead in section 2 is measured by the anemometer, and the air volume of the central exhaust fan is adjusted so as to maintain the set wind speed. An example of the configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. The system configuration will now be described with reference to FIG. 3. (a) Jet fan (1) is provided (b) Central exhaust fan (2) is provided (c) Traffic volume sensor (3) is provided (d) Wind speed sensor ( 5) is provided (e) The control device (8) is provided (f) The outputs of the traffic volume sensor (3) and the wind speed sensor (4) are input to the control device (8). (G) The jet fan (1) is controlled according to the number of jet fans output from the control device (8). (H) The central exhaust fan (2) is controlled according to the air volume of the central exhaust fan output from the control device (8). The apparatus is operated as described above. Further, the system configuration in FIG. 4 will be described. (A) A jet fan (1) is provided (b) A central exhaust fan (2) is provided (c) A traffic volume sensor (3) is provided (d) A pollution concentration sensor (4) (E) The wind speed sensor (5) is provided (f) The control device (9) is provided (g) The traffic volume sensor (3), the pollution concentration sensor (4), and the output of the wind speed sensor (5) are controlled by the control device ( Enter in 9). (H) The jet fan (1) is controlled according to the number of jet fans output from the control device (9). (I) The central exhaust fan (2) is controlled according to the air volume of the central exhaust fan output from the control device (9). The apparatus is operated as described above.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a control device will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7.

[0006]

First Embodiment In FIG. 5, a control device (8) inputs measurement data from a traffic volume sensor (3), a wind speed sensor (5), etc. for each measurement cycle to perform control calculation.
The control device (8) controls the jet fan according to the number of jet fans obtained by the control calculation (normally 5 to 10).
Control the number of jet fans for each minute. Further, the control device (8) controls the air volume of the central exhaust fan for each control cycle (normally 1 to 10 minutes) of the central exhaust fan obtained by the control calculation. The internal configuration of the control device (8) will be described with reference to FIG. 5. (a) Exhaust gas ratio setting device (801) provided with an exhaust gas ratio (ratio of air volume of central exhaust fan and air volume of section 1) setting device (801) May be used as a wellhead suction wind speed setting device. (B) A pollution concentration reference value setting device (802) is provided (c) A long-term traffic volume prediction device (803) is provided (d) A reference value calculation device (804) for wellhead intake wind speed, concentrated exhaust fan airflow, and the number of jet fans (E) The output of the traffic volume sensor (3) is input to the long-term traffic volume prediction apparatus (803). (F) The outputs of the exhaust gas ratio setting device (801), the pollution concentration reference value setting device (802), and the long-term traffic volume prediction device (803) are input to the reference value calculation device (804). (G) Provide a short-term traffic volume prediction device (805) (h) Provide a jet fan correction number calculation device (806) (ri) Provide a jet fan control number calculation device (807) (nu) Traffic volume sensor (3) Is input to the short-term traffic volume prediction device (805). (L) The outputs of the long-term traffic volume prediction device (803) and the short-term traffic volume prediction device (805) are input to the jet fan correction number calculation device (806). (2) The outputs of the jet fan correction number calculation device (806) and the jet fan number reference value calculation device (804) are input to the jet fan control number calculation device (807). (W) The number of jet fans is controlled by the output of the computer for controlling the number of jet fans (807). (F) A central exhaust fan air flow rate variation calculation device (808) is provided. (Y) A central exhaust fan control air flow amount calculation device (809) is provided. (T) Wind speed sensor (5) and wellhead intake wind speed reference value calculation device (804). Is input to the central exhaust fan airflow variation calculation device (808). (E) The outputs of the arithmetic unit (808) and the central exhaust fan air amount reference value arithmetic unit (804) based on the variation of the central exhaust fan air amount (suction air velocity) are input to the central exhaust fan control air amount arithmetic unit (809). (So) The central exhaust fan control air volume is controlled by the output of the central exhaust fan control air volume calculation unit (809).

[0007]

Second Embodiment Another embodiment of the first embodiment is shown in a second embodiment. The second embodiment is a simplified version of the control device (8) of the first embodiment. The internal configuration of the control device (8) in this mode will be described with reference to FIG. 6. (a) An exhaust gas ratio setting device (801) is provided (b) A pollution concentration reference value installation device (802) is provided (c) Short-term traffic Provided is a quantity predicting device (805) (d) A reference value calculating device (804) for the wellhead intake wind speed, concentrated exhaust fan airflow, and the number of jet fans. (E) The output of the traffic volume sensor (3) is input to the short-term traffic volume prediction device (803). (F) The outputs of the exhaust gas ratio setting device (801), the pollution concentration reference value setting device (802), and the short-term traffic volume prediction device (803) are input to the reference value setting device (804). (G) The number of jet fans is controlled by the output of the reference value calculation device (804). (H) A central exhaust fan air flow variation calculation device (808) is provided. (I) Provide a central exhaust fan control air flow calculation device (809) (e) Input the output of the wind speed sensor (5) and the wellhead suction wind speed reference value calculation device (804) to the central exhaust fan air flow variation calculation device (808) To do. (L) The output of the reference exhaust fan air volume variation (depending on the suction air speed) computing device (808) and the central exhaust fan air volume reference value computing device (804) is output to the central exhaust fan control computing device (8).
09). (2) Central exhaust fan control The air volume of the central exhaust fan is controlled by the output of the air volume calculation device (809).

[0008]

[Third Embodiment] In FIG. 7, a control device (9) controls by inputting measurement data from a traffic volume sensor (3), a pollution concentration sensor (4), a wind speed sensor (5) and the like for each measurement cycle. Calculate. The control device (9) controls the jet fans every control cycle (usually 5 to 10 minutes) of the jet fans according to the number of jet fans obtained by the control calculation. Further, the control device (9) controls the central exhaust fan for each control cycle (normally 1 to 10 minutes) of the central exhaust fan obtained by the control calculation. The internal configuration of the control device (9) will be described with reference to FIG. 7. (a) An exhaust gas ratio setting device (901) is provided (b) A pollution concentration reference value setting device (902) is provided (c) Long-term traffic volume prediction device (903) is provided (d) A reference value calculation device (904) for the well entrance suction wind speed, exhaust fan air flow rate and the number of jet fans is provided (e) The output of the traffic volume sensor (3) is supplied to the long-term traffic volume prediction device (903). input. (F) The output of the exhaust gas ratio setting device (901), the pollution concentration reference value setting device (902), and the long-term traffic volume prediction device (903) is input to the reference value calculation device (904). (G) Provide a short-term traffic volume prediction device (905) (h) Provide a jet fan correction number calculation device (906) (ri) Provide a jet fan control number calculation device (907) (nu) Traffic amount sensor (3) Is input to the short-term traffic volume prediction device (905). (L) The outputs of the long-term traffic volume prediction device (903) and the short-term traffic volume prediction device (905) are input to the jet fan correction number calculation device (906). (2) The outputs of the jet fan correction number calculation device (906) and the jet fan number reference value calculation device (904) are input to the jet fan control number calculation device (907). (W) The number of jet fans is controlled by the output of the control device for the number of jet fans (907). (F) Central exhaust fan air flow rate variation (suction air velocity) calculation device (908) is provided (yo) Central exhaust fan control air flow rate computation device (909) is provided (ta) Central exhaust fan air flow variation (pollution concentration) calculation device The output of the wind speed sensor (5) provided with (910) and the wellhead suction wind speed reference value calculation device (904) is input to the concentrated exhaust fan air flow rate variation (suction wind speed) calculation device (908). (So) The outputs of the pollution concentration sensor (4) and the pollution concentration reference value setting device (902) are input to the central exhaust fan airflow variation (pollution concentration) computing device (910). (T) Concentrated exhaust fan airflow variation (suction air velocity) calculation device (908) Centralized exhaust fan airflow variation (pollution concentration) calculation device (910) and centralized exhaust fan reference value calculation device (9)
04) output of centralized exhaust fan control air volume calculation device (90
Enter in 9). (D) Central exhaust fan control The air volume of the central exhaust fan is controlled by the output of the air volume calculation device (909).

[0009]

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to simulation calculation results using a tunnel ventilation simulation program. The tunnel ventilation simulation program used for this explanation consists of 1) traffic flow model 2) air flow model 3) pollution concentration model and 4) ventilator control model, and has been used for the development of tunnel ventilation control methods. It is equivalent to (References 2 and 3) (Reference 2) "A New Ventilation Control Method in Long Road Tunnel" Gen Ueki, Ichiro Nakahori, Kazuo Maeda JSCE 265, 1977 (Reference 3) "A New Ventilation M"
method for the Kan-Etsu Ro
ad Tunnel "H, Ohashi, A. Mizu
no, I. Nakaori, M .; ^{Ueki, 4 th}
International symposium o
n the Aerodynamics & Venti
lation of Vehicle Tunnel
s. March 23-25.1982 Figure 8 shows the tunnel specifications used in the simulation. FIG. 8 shows the traffic volume fluctuation input to the simulation. In each of (Example 1), (Example 2), and (Example 3) described below, the tunnel specifications of FIG. 8 and the one-hour traffic volume fluctuation of FIG. 9 are used.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 10 shows a simulation calculation result when a ventilation machine is operated at a constant speed. Figure 1
0-1 is the time variation of the ventilator. Figure 10-2 shows the time variation of the wind speed in the tunnel. As shown in FIG. 9, the traffic flow increased sharply in the first half of this hour and remained almost constant in the latter half. It also has a traffic flow fluctuation of 1 to 5 minutes. Both the jet fan and the central exhaust fan of the ventilator have been operating constantly for the past 1 hour. The number of jet fans and the ventilation air volume of the central exhaust fan are determined so that there is no wind velocity leaking from the wellhead even for the short-time maximum value of traffic volume.
As a result, although there is no leaking wind speed from the wellhead, fluctuations in traffic flow affect the exit wind speed, and from -0.8 m / s-
It can be seen that there is a large variation up to 3.1 m / s.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 11 shows a simulation calculation result when the central exhaust fan is controlled by wind speed feedback. Fig. 11-1 shows the time variation of the ventilator. Fig. 11-2 shows the time variation of the wind speed inside the tunnel. The central exhaust fan is a variable pitch fan, and it is possible to obtain an arbitrary air volume up to the maximum air volume, and the wind speed is fed back to change the air volume every 5 minutes. The number of jet fans is unchanged. Although the air volume of the centralized exhaust fan is suppressed by the feedback effect of the wind speed, the outlet wind speed fluctuates greatly from -0.5 m / s to -3.0 m / s.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 11 shows a simulation calculation result when the control device of the present invention is adopted. The jet fan uses the fluctuation data of the traffic flow for the next 10
The number of vehicles is controlled at a control cycle of 10 minutes so as to predict the minute traffic flow and suppress the fluctuation of the traffic ventilation force. On the other hand, the central exhaust fan is air volume controlled at a control cycle of 5 minutes so that the outlet wind speed is maintained at the set wind speed. As a result, the leakage of the outlet does not occur, and the outlet wind speed is maintained in the range around the set wind speed (-0.5 m / s to -1.2 m / s).

[0013]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the well-exposed centralized exhaust longitudinal flow tunnel, the jet fan and the concentrated exhaust fan appropriately share the leaking wind speed from the tunnel well due to short-term fluctuations in traffic flow. By doing so, it is possible to keep the value within the standard value, and it is possible to protect the environment of the tunnel well with the minimum amount of power required. The power saving effect of the control according to the present invention is also apparent in the power amount comparison in (Example 1), (Example 2) and (Example 3) shown in FIG.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of conventional pollution concentration control in a concentrated exhaust tunnel

[Fig. 2] A block diagram of conventional leak-out wind speed suppression control in a wellhead concentrated exhaust tunnel

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a wind speed suppression control of a wellhead leak in a central exhaust tunnel with a jet fan according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of combined control of pollution concentration and well speed leaking out wind speed in a central exhaust tunnel with a jet fan of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an internal configuration diagram of a control device for suppressing wind speed of a wellhead leaking out according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is another internal configuration diagram of the control device for suppressing the wind speed of the wellhead leaking out according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an internal configuration diagram of a control device for combined control of pollutant concentration and wellhead leak-out wind speed according to the present invention.

[Figure 8] Tunnel specifications used for simulation

[Figure 9] Traffic fluctuation input to the simulation

[Figure 10] Simulation result of constant ventilation operation

FIG. 11: Simulation result when controlling the central exhaust fan by wind speed feedback

FIG. 12 is a simulation result when the jet fan and the central exhaust fan of the present invention are controlled.

FIG. 13: Comparison of electric energy by each control method

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Jet fan 2 ... Central exhaust fan 3 ... Traffic flow sensor 4 ... Pollution concentration sensor 5 ... Wind speed sensor 6 ... Conventional tunnel pollution control device 7 ... Conventional Control device 8 for preventing leaking of contaminated air well mouth ... Control device 9 for preventing leaking of contaminated air well mouth 9 ... Control device for preventing leakage of polluted air well mouth of the present invention 801 ... Exhaust ratio reference value setting device 802 ... Pollution concentration reference value setting device 803 ... Long-term traffic volume prediction device 804 ... Ventilation reference value calculation device 805 ... Short-term traffic volume prediction device 806 ... Jet fan correction Number calculation device 807 ... Jet fan number calculation device 808 ... Centralized exhaust fan air flow rate variation (suction wind speed) calculation device 809 ... Centralized exhaust fan air flow amount calculation device 901 ... Exhaust ratio reference value setting device 9 2 ... Pollution concentration reference value setting device 903 ... Long-term traffic volume prediction device 904 ... Ventilation reference value calculation device 905 ... Short-term traffic volume prediction device 906 ... Jet fan correction number calculation device 907 ... Jet fan number calculation device 908 ... Centralized exhaust fan air flow rate variation (suction air velocity) calculation device 909 ... Centralized exhaust fan air flow rate computation device 910 ... Centralized exhaust fan air flow rate variation (pollution concentration) computation device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A road tunnel that employs a central exhaust longitudinal flow ventilation system in which a jet fan is installed in the tunnel and polluted air is exhausted from the well exit central exhaust to the outside of the tunnel by an exhaust fan, and the number of vehicles passing through the tunnel. A traffic volume sensor that measures the air flow rate and a wind speed sensor that measures the wind speed in the tunnel are installed, and the outputs of these sensors are input to the ventilation control device, and the ventilation control device has 30 minutes to 6 minutes inside.
A means for predicting a relatively long-term traffic volume of about 0 minutes is provided, and a means for estimating the pollutant emission amount and traffic ventilation capacity due to this traffic volume is provided. To hold the
It has a means for determining the number of jet fans operating and the air volume of an exhaust fan, and further has means for predicting a relatively short-term traffic volume of about 1 minute to 15 minutes using the measurement value of a traffic volume sensor. Traffic flow feed-forward control and measurement of wind speed sensor that adjusts the number of jet fans operating by calculating the number of jet fans corresponding to the change in traffic ventilation based on the difference between short-term traffic forecast and long-term traffic forecast A ventilation control device characterized by being combined with a wind speed feedback control that maintains a reference wind speed of suction by using the value of the exhaust fan. 2. In a road tunnel adopting a central exhaust vertical flow ventilation system in which a jet fan is installed in the tunnel, and contaminated air is exhausted from the pit concentrated exhaust to the outside of the tunnel by an exhaust fan, a vehicle passing through the tunnel is installed. A traffic volume sensor that measures the number of vehicles and a wind speed sensor that measures the wind speed in the tunnel are installed, and the outputs of these sensors are input to the ventilation control device.
A means for predicting a relatively short-term traffic volume of about 10 minutes is provided, and a means for estimating the amount of pollutant emissions and the traffic ventilation capacity due to this traffic volume is provided. Standard pollutant concentration and standard wind speed for intake from the wellhead set separately. To hold the
It has means to determine the standard number of jet fans operating and the standard air volume of exhaust fans, and the number of jet fans operating is this standard operating number, and the volume of exhaust fans uses the measurement value of the wind speed sensor to measure the volume of exhaust fans. The ventilation control device is characterized in that the reference air volume is corrected by wind speed feedback control that maintains the intake reference wind speed. 3. In a road tunnel adopting a central exhaust vertical flow ventilation system in which a jet fan is installed in the tunnel, and contaminated air is exhausted to the outside of the tunnel from the pit concentrated exhaust pit by an exhaust fan. A traffic volume sensor that measures the number of vehicles, a wind speed sensor that measures the wind speed in the tunnel, and a pollution concentration sensor in the tunnel are installed, and the outputs of these sensors are input to the ventilation control device, and the ventilation control device is used for 30 minutes. A means to predict relatively long-term traffic volume of about 60 minutes, and a means to estimate the amount of pollutants emitted by this traffic volume and the ventilation capacity of the traffic are set separately. In order to maintain the wind speed, it has a means for determining the number of jet fans operating and the air volume of the exhaust fan. Equipped with a means for predicting a relatively short-term traffic volume of about 1 to 15 minutes using measured values, which corresponds to the change in traffic ventilation based on the difference between the short-term traffic forecast and the long-term traffic forecast. Traffic flow feed-forward control to calculate the number of jet fans to operate and adjust the number of jet fans to be operated, wind speed feedback control to maintain the reference wind speed of suction by the air volume of exhaust fan using measured value of wind speed sensor, and pollution concentration sensor Ventilation control device characterized by combining pollutant concentration feedback control that maintains the pollutant concentration in the tunnel by the air volume of the exhaust fan using the measured value of.