JP2003002557A - Guide device of elevator device and elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a guide device of an elevator device, and the elevator device which can improve ride comfort of a cage ex post facto with relatively moderate costs and ease, without changing one set of the guide device. SOLUTION: This guide device of the elevator device comprising a supporting base 3 on an upper surface or a lower surface of a cage 1 lifting along a guide rail 2 arranged in a hoistway; a rocking arm 4 rotationally arranged on the supporting base 3; a roller 5 with a rotation center supported by the rocking arm 4, and abutting on the guide rail 2. On the supporting base 3, an actuator fixing portion 10 capable of generating magnetic forces different in value, is detachably arranged, and an actuator movable portion 11 capable of moving by the magnetic force is detachably arranged.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus guide device and an elevator apparatus for raising and lowering a car along a guide rail provided in a hoistway.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional guide device for an elevator system will be briefly described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A is a schematic top view showing a guide device of a conventional elevator apparatus,
FIG. 4B is a schematic front view thereof.

In FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), 1 is a car that moves up and down in a hoistway, 2 is a guide rail provided in the hoistway, and 3 is an upper surface and a lower surface of the car 1. The support base 3a is a pillar fixed to the support base 3 by welding or the like, 3b is a fastening portion for fixing the support base 3 to a desired position on the car 1 with bolts, and 4 is a support. A swing arm 4a that is rotatably installed on the table 3 is a swing portion that serves as a swing center of the swing arm 4, a reference numeral 4b is a swing portion that is a center of rotation of the roller, and a reference numeral 5 is a swing arm 4. A roller which is supported at the center of rotation and abuts on the guide rail 2 to rotate, 6 is a compression spring for the roller 5 to abut on the guide rail 2 at a predetermined pressure, and 7 is an inside of the compression spring 6 along the center line. Passing shaft, 8
Indicates a nut that serves as a seat at one end of the compression spring 6.

Here, the shaft 7 has threaded portions formed on both ends thereof, and a nut 8 is fastened to one end thereof. On the other hand, the other end of the shaft 7 is fastened to the threaded portion because it is provided on the support column 3 a through the through hole provided in the swing arm 4. As described above, one end of the compression spring 6 has the nut 8 as a seat, and the other end has the surface of the swing arm 4 near the through hole as a seat. Further, the swing arm 4 and the roller 5 are rotatable about the respective rotating portions 4a and 4b in the directions of the arrows shown in the drawing.

Then, as shown in FIG.
The roller 5 is pressed against the guide rail 2 with a desired spring force by the structure including a, the swing arm 4, the roller 5, the compression spring 6, the shaft 7, the nut 8, and the like. Further, as the car 1 moves up and down in the direction of the arrow in the figure, the roller 5 rotates in a predetermined direction due to the frictional force with the guide rail 2.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the above-mentioned three structures shown in FIG. 4 (b) are arranged on one support base 3 (however, a pair of them is shown). I omitted a part of.). That is, the structure is arranged so that the rollers 5 are in contact with the three surfaces of the guide rail 2.
Form one guide device.

Further, although not shown, two guide devices as shown in FIG. 4A are provided on the upper surface of the car 1.
Two are also provided on the lower surface. The guide devices are arranged so as to contact the guide rails 2 arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the car 1, respectively. With the four guide devices configured as described above, the car 1 moves up and down in the hoistway while being guided by the guide rails 2 arranged so as to sandwich the car 1.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above-described conventional guide device for an elevator apparatus, when there is a step or a bend on the guide rail, the roller rotating on the guide rail vibrates to improve the riding comfort of the car. It was bad. Then, there has been a problem that it takes a lot of labor and time to adjust the steps and bends of the guide rail.

That is, usually, the guide rail installed in the hoistway is formed by connecting a plurality of guide rails having a predetermined length with bolts and nuts so as to prevent a step. Then, a step may occur at the joint portion, and a bend may occur. Here, the bending means the non-linearity of the continuous guide surface when a plurality of guide rails are assembled.

In such a case, conventionally, the following two measures have been taken in order to improve the riding comfort of the car. One of them is the modification of the guide rail. That is, with respect to the guide rail having the step, the step and the bend at the joint are eliminated by adjusting the assembling of the plurality of guide rails. The other is a complete replacement with a guide device (active roller device) having an active function. That is, all the existing guide devices were removed, and instead, an active roller device that detects the vibration of the car and can increase or decrease the contact force of the roller with the guide rail depending on the magnitude of the vibration was attached. .

However, the former requires very delicate adjustment, which requires a lot of labor and time. Also, regarding the latter, replacing the complete set of active roller devices is expensive, and it is necessary to readjust the set of guide devices once to readjust the position of the car relative to the guide rails, which requires a great deal of labor and time. I needed it.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to retroactively improve the riding comfort of a car relatively inexpensively and easily without replacing a set of guide devices. An object is to provide a guide device and an elevator device for an apparatus.

[0013]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a guide device for an elevator apparatus, which is provided on an upper surface or a lower surface of a car which is vertically moved along a guide rail provided in a hoistway. A guide for an elevator apparatus including a support base installed, a swing arm rotatably installed on the support base, and a roller having a center of rotation supported by the swing arm and contacting the guide rail. In the device, an actuator fixing portion capable of generating electromagnetic forces of different sizes is detachably installed on the support base, and an actuator moving portion movable by the electromagnetic force is detachably installed on the swing arm. It is what is done.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a guide device for an elevator apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the actuator fixing portion is a coil body portion.
A coil support portion that supports the coil body portion, the coil support portion includes a plurality of holes for screw fastening, and the support base includes a female screw portion for screw fastening corresponding to the plurality of holes. It is a thing.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator apparatus guide device according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the actuator movable portion applies an electromagnetic force generated from the actuator fixed portion. A movable main body that directly receives the movable main body and a movable support that supports the movable main body are provided, the movable support includes a plurality of female screw portions for screw fastening, and the swing arm includes a plurality of female screw portions. It is provided with corresponding holes for screw fastening.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a guide device for an elevator apparatus, which is installed on an upper surface or a lower surface of a car that moves up and down along a guide rail provided in a hoistway. A guide device for an elevator apparatus, comprising: a base; a swing arm rotatably installed on the support base; and a roller having a center of rotation supported by the swing arm and abutting against the guide rail. The supporting base is detachably provided with an actuator fixing portion capable of generating electromagnetic forces of different sizes, and the swing arm is formed integrally with an actuator moving portion movable by the electromagnetic force. is there.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the elevator apparatus guide device according to the fourth aspect, the swing arm is detachably installed from the support base.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, there is provided a guide device for an elevator apparatus according to the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein the actuator fixing portion includes a coil body portion and a coil body portion. And a coil support part for supporting the coil support part, the coil support part having a plurality of holes for screw fastening, and the support base having a female thread part for screw fastening corresponding to the plurality of holes.

An elevator apparatus according to a seventh aspect of the present invention comprises the elevator apparatus guide apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects.

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiment 1. Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
1A is a schematic top view showing a guide device of an elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1, and FIG. 1B is a schematic front view thereof.

In FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), 1 is a car that moves up and down in a hoistway, 2 is a guide rail provided in the hoistway, and 3 is an upper surface or a lower surface of the car 1. The support base 3a is a pillar fixed to the support base 3 by welding or the like, 3b is a fastening portion for fixing the support base 3 to a desired position on the car 1, and 4 is the support base 3. The swing arm 4a is movably installed, and the swing arm 4a serves as a rotation center of the swing arm 4.
Reference numeral b denotes a rotating portion that serves as a rotation center of the roller, reference numeral 5 denotes a roller whose rotation center is supported by the swing arm 4 and rotates by abutting on the guide rail 2, and reference numeral 6 denotes the roller 5 which is fixed to the guide rail 2 by a predetermined pressure. Compression spring for contacting, 7 is compression spring 6
Shows a shaft passing through the inside of the cylinder along a center line, and 8 denotes a nut that serves as a seat at one end of the compression spring 6.

Further, 10 is an actuator fixing portion for generating an electromagnetic force, 10a is a coil main body portion, 10b is a coil supporting portion for supporting the coil main body portion 10a, 11 is an actuator movable by an electromagnetic force generated by the actuator fixing portion 10. Movable portion, 11a is a movable main body portion that directly receives electromagnetic force, 11b is a movable support portion that supports the movable main body portion 11a, 13 is a screw (bolt) for fixing the actuator fixing portion 10 to the support base 3, and 14 is an actuator. The screw (bolt) for fixing the movable part 11 to the swing arm 4 is shown.

Here, the actuator fixing portion 10 is mainly composed of a coil body portion 10a and a coil supporting portion 10b. Then, the actuator fixing portion 10 having the coil body portion 10a and the coil supporting portion 10b.
Is, for example, integrally formed by casting,
The coil body portion 10a therein is formed in a U shape, and four through holes for screw fastening are formed in the coil support portion 10b.

Further, a conductive wire is wound around the coil body 10a. Then, a current supplied from a DC power source (not shown) flows through the coil of the coil body 10a to form an electromagnetic field there. The coil body 10
The current supplied to a can be adjusted according to the magnitude of displacement of the car 1 as described later. As a result, the actuator fixing portion 10 can generate electromagnetic forces of different magnitudes. Also, the coil support 1
A female screw portion is provided in advance on the support base 3 in correspondence with the screw fastening hole 0b, and the actuator fixing portion 10 is detachably installed on the support base 3 with the screw 13.

On the other hand, the actuator movable section 11 is mainly composed of a movable main body section 11a and a movable support section 11b. The actuator movable portion 11 having the movable main body portion 11a and the movable support portion 11b is, for example, integrally formed by pressing a steel plate having magnetism, in which the movable main body portion 11a has a hollow portion. 11a1 is formed, and two screw portions are formed in the movable support portion 11b to correspond to the screw 14. Further, the movable support portion 11b
Corresponding to the internal thread portion, the swing arm 4 is provided with a through hole for screw fastening in advance, and the actuator movable portion 11 is detachably installed on the swing arm 4 by the screw 14.

When the actuator movable portion 11 is attached to the swing arm 4, the movable main body portion 11a enters the U-shaped concave portion of the coil main body portion 10a described above. As a result, when a current flows through the coil of the actuator fixing portion 10, the electromagnetic force generated there is applied to the movable main body portion 11.
a will receive it directly. From the acting direction of the force at this time, the swing arm 4 to which the actuator movable portion 11 is attached
The roller 5 connected via the roller presses the guide rail 2.

Further, the magnitude of vibration of the car 1 is detected by, for example, an acceleration sensor installed on the car 1, and a current flowing through the coil of the actuator fixing portion 10 is detected according to the detected value. Adjust. In this way, the electromagnetic force generated in the actuator fixing portion 10 is adjusted, and the pressing force of the roller 5 on the guide rail 2 is also adjusted. Specifically, when the vibration of the car 1 (displacement toward the guide rail 2 side) is large, the pressure applied to the guide rail 2 of the roller 5 is increased by increasing the current flowing through the coil. As a result, the guide device side can receive the reaction force from the guide rail 2 corresponding thereto and absorb the energy of the vibration (displacement). As described above, the actuator composed of the actuator fixed portion 10 and the actuator movable portion 11 has a function as a damper (active guide function).

As described above, the guide device according to the first embodiment does not have an active guide function having a pair of the column 3a, the swing arm 4, the roller 5, the compression spring 6, the shaft 7, the nut 8 and the like. An actuator having an active guide function is attached to the structure with screws 13 and 14
It can be easily installed by fastening.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a structure having an actuator fixing portion 10 and an actuator moving portion 11 as shown in FIG. 1B is provided on one support base 3. Three pieces will be arranged (however, a part of the pair is omitted in the drawing). Further, although not shown, two guide devices as shown in FIG. 1A are provided on the upper surface of the car 1 and two on the lower surface thereof. Then, these four guide devices are arranged so as to abut the guide rails 2 respectively arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the car 1.

With the four guide devices constructed as described above, the car 1 moves up and down in the hoistway while being guided by the guide rails 2 arranged on the opposite side surfaces. At that time, the car 1 moves up and down while absorbing the vibration of the car 1 by the actuator composed of the actuator fixing part 10 and the actuator moving part 11.

As described above, in the guide device of the elevator apparatus configured as in the first embodiment, the actuator fixing portion 10 and the actuator that function as an actuator are provided for the guide device having no active guide function. The movable part 11 and the screws 13, 1
It can be easily attached by tightening 4. Therefore, when a guide device having no active guide function is installed in the elevator device at the beginning of construction, and when it becomes necessary to improve the riding comfort of the car 1 afterwards, simple work such as screw tightening is performed. Only, the active guide function can be mounted in addition to the existing guide device without removing other parts.

Even if the guide device is equipped with the actuator fixing portion 10 and the actuator moving portion 11 from the beginning of construction, the actuator maintenance, repair, and
When it is necessary to replace the actuator, the actuator fixing portion 1
0 and the actuator movable part 11 only with screws 13, 1
By simply removing and taking out 4, it is possible to easily perform those operations without removing other parts.

Here, in the first embodiment, the guide device is fixed to the upper surface or the lower surface of the car 1 by the support base 3. The term "car 1" used here is as follows.
It is used in a broad concept that also includes a car frame that holds a car where people actually board. In the first embodiment, the actuator fixing portion 10 is detachably installed on the support base 3,
Although the actuator movable portion 11 is detachably installed on the swing arm 4, the actuator fixing portion 10 is detachably installed on the swing arm 4 instead.
Even if it is detachably installed on the support base 3, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Further, in the first embodiment, the actuator fixing portion 10 and the actuator moving portion 11 are detachably installed on the support base 3 and the swing arm 4 by using a plurality of screws 13 and 14, respectively. The attachment to the support base 3 and the swing arm 4 is not limited to this, and various methods such as attachment using bolts and nuts, and mounting by providing a circular boss portion on the support base 3 for alignment are possible. Can be used.

Embodiment 2. Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2A is a schematic top view showing a guide device of the elevator apparatus according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a schematic front view thereof.

The second embodiment is largely different from the first embodiment in that the shape of the swing arm 4 is different and that the support base 3 does not have the support column 3a. FIG.
In (b), 4 is a swing arm rotatably installed on the support base 4, 4a is a swing portion of the swing arm 4, 4b is a swing portion of the roller 5, 6 is a compression spring, and 10 is an actuator. Fixed part, 10a is a coil main body part, 10b is a coil support part, 1
1 is an actuator movable part, 11a is a movable main body part, 11
Reference numeral b denotes a movable support portion, and 13 and 14 denote screws (bolts).

As shown in FIG. 2B, the swing arm 4 is formed in a dogleg shape, and one end of the compression spring 6 is held at a predetermined position near the center thereof. The other end of the compression spring 6 is held at a predetermined position on the support base 3. As a result, the roller 5 is moved to the guide rail 2
Will be contacted with a constant pressure. Further, the actuator fixing portion 10 includes the coil body portion 10 a and the coil supporting portion 1.
0b and. Then, the coil support portion 10b
The actuator fixing portion 10 is removably installed on the support base 3 by the screw 13 through the four screw fastening through holes provided in the.

On the other hand, the actuator movable section 11 is composed of a movable main body section 11a and a movable support section 11b.
Through a through hole provided in the swing arm 4, the actuator movable portion 11 is detachably installed on the swing arm 4 with a screw 14. Then, in the guide device in which the actuator fixing portion 10 and the actuator moving portion 11 are installed, the roller 5 is moved according to the magnitude of the vibration of the car 1.
Adjusts the force with which the guide rail 2 abuts.

As described above, also in the guide device for the elevator apparatus configured as in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the actuator for the structure having no active guide function is used. The actuator fixing portion 10 and the actuator moving portion 11 that function as can be easily attached by fastening the screws 13 and 14. Therefore, even with a guide device having a configuration that does not have an active guide function, in order to improve the riding comfort of the car 1 afterwards, it is only necessary to perform simple work such as screw tightening and other components are installed. Without removing
The active guide function can be installed in addition to the existing guide device.

Further, even in the guide device having the actuator fixing portion 10 and the actuator moving portion 11, the actuator fixing portion 10 and the actuator moving portion 11 are required when maintenance, repair or replacement of the actuator is required. Only by removing the screws 13 and 14 by removing the screws 13 and 14, the work can be easily performed without removing other parts.

Embodiment 3. Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 (a) is a schematic top view showing a guide device of an elevator apparatus according to a third embodiment, and FIG. 3 (b) is a schematic front view thereof.

The third embodiment is largely different from the first and second embodiments in that an actuator movable portion is integrally provided on the swing arm. The same figure (a), (b)
6 is a compression spring, 10 is an actuator fixing portion, 10a is a coil body portion, 10b is a coil supporting portion, 13 is a screw (bolt) for fixing the actuator fixing portion 10 to the support base 3, and 15 is a support base 3. The reference numeral 15a designates a pivotal portion which is a pivotal center of the pivotal arm 15, 15b designates a pivotal portion which is a pivotal center of the roller 5, and 15c designates an actuator movable portion.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3B, the swing arm 15 is formed in a triangular shape, and a hollow portion 15c1 having a smaller triangular shape is formed in the center thereof. The turning portion 15a of the swing arm 15 itself is formed in one corner of the triangle, and the turning portion 15b of the roller 5 is formed in the other corner.
Are formed. Further, the triangular shape of the swing arm 15
An actuator movable portion 15c is integrally formed on the side, and the actuator movable portion 15c is inserted in the U-shaped portion of the coil body portion 10a of the actuator fixing portion 10. Further, one end of the compression spring 6 is held on the same triangular side of the swing arm 15. On the other hand,
The other end of the compression spring 6 has an actuator fixing portion 10
It is held at a predetermined position on the coil support portion 10b.

The rotating portion 15a, which is the center of rotation of the swing arm 15, is formed by, for example, a stepped screw having a sliding portion, and the swing arm can be simply unfastened. 15 can be attached to and detached from the support base 3. Further, the roller 5 supported by the rotating portion 15b of the swing arm 15 also has a structure that can be freely attached and detached from the swing arm 15.

The actuator fixing portion 10 is composed of a coil body portion 10a and a coil supporting portion 10b. The coil support portion 10b has an inclined surface, and the coil body portion 10a is held on the inclined surface. In addition,
The actuator fixing portion 10 is screwed through the four screw fastening through holes provided in the coil supporting portion 10b.
Therefore, it is detachably installed on the support base 3. Then, in the guide device in which the actuator fixing portion 10 and the swing arm 15 integrally formed with the actuator moving portion 15c are installed, the roller 5 is guided by the guide rail depending on the magnitude of the vibration of the car 1. Adjust the force that abuts 2.

As described above, in the guide device for the elevator apparatus configured as in the third embodiment, the swing arm 4 having no actuator moving part as shown in the second embodiment is used. For the structure that is used and does not have an active guide function, replacement of the swing arm 15 having the actuator movable portion 15c, installation of the actuator fixing portion 10, fastening of the screw 13, and rotation portion 1 are performed.
It can be easily performed by removing 5a. Therefore, even with a guide device having a configuration that does not have an active guide function, in order to improve the riding comfort of the car 1 afterwards, the support base 3 can be mounted only by simple work such as screwing. It is possible to add an active guide function to the existing guide device without removing it.

Further, even in the case of the guide device including the swing arm 15 having the actuator movable portion 15c and the actuator fixing portion 10, maintenance, repair, and maintenance of the actuator are performed.
When it is necessary to replace the actuator, the actuator fixing portion 1
0 and the actuator movable portion 11 can be easily performed without removing the support base 3 only by removing the screw 13 and the rotating portion 15a.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and each embodiment may be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, in addition to what is suggested in each embodiment. That is clear. Also, the number of the above-mentioned constituent members,
The position, shape, etc. are not limited to those in the above-described embodiment, and can be any number, position, shape, etc. suitable for carrying out the present invention. Moreover, in each figure, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.

[0049]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the actuator can be retrofitted to the existing guide device without replacing the guide device as a set, so that the riding comfort of the car can be improved. It is possible to provide a guide device and an elevator device for an elevator device, which can be relatively inexpensively and easily improved. Further, even for a guide device having an existing actuator, it is possible to provide a guide device and an elevator device for an elevator device in which maintenance, inspection, and replacement of the actuator are easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are a schematic top view and a schematic front view, respectively, of a guide device for an elevator apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B are a schematic top view and a schematic front view of a guide device for an elevator apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a (a) schematic top view and a (b) schematic front view of a guide device for an elevator apparatus showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 (a) of a guide device for a conventional elevator apparatus
It is a schematic top view and (b) schematic front view.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 car, 2 guide rails, 3 support base,
3a Support post, 3b Fastening part, 4, 15 Swing arm, 4
a, 4b, 15a, 15b rotating part, 5 rollers, 6
Compression springs, 7 shafts, 8 nuts, 1
0 actuator fixing part, 10a coil body part,
10b Coil support part, 11, 15c Actuator movable part, 11a Movable main body part, 11b Movable support part, 13, 14 Screw.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A support base installed on an upper surface or a lower surface of a car that moves up and down along a guide rail provided in a hoistway, and a swing arm rotatably installed on the support base. A guide device for an elevator apparatus, comprising a roller having a center of rotation supported by the swing arm and abutting against the guide rail, wherein the support base is an actuator fixing device capable of generating electromagnetic forces of different sizes. A guide device for an elevator apparatus, wherein a portion is detachably installed, and an actuator movable portion that is moved by the electromagnetic force is detachably installed on the swing arm. 2. The actuator fixing portion includes a coil body portion and a coil support portion that supports the coil body portion, the coil support portion includes a plurality of holes for screw fastening, and the support base is the The guide device for an elevator apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a female screw portion for screw fastening corresponding to the plurality of holes. 3. The actuator movable section includes a movable main body section that directly receives an electromagnetic force generated from the actuator fixed section, and a movable support section that supports the movable main body section, and the movable support section is for screw fastening. 3. The guide for an elevator apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of female thread portions are provided, and the swing arm has a hole for screw fastening corresponding to the plurality of female thread portions. apparatus. 4. A support base installed on an upper surface or a lower surface of a car that moves up and down along a guide rail provided in a hoistway, and a swing arm rotatably installed on the support base. A guide device for an elevator apparatus, comprising a roller having a center of rotation supported by the swing arm and abutting against the guide rail, wherein the support base is an actuator fixing device capable of generating electromagnetic forces of different sizes. A guide device for an elevator apparatus, wherein a portion is detachably installed, and the swing arm is integrally formed with an actuator movable portion that is movable by the electromagnetic force. 5. The guide device for an elevator apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the swing arm is detachably installed from the support base. 6. The actuator fixing portion includes a coil main body portion and a coil support portion that supports the coil main body portion, the coil support portion includes a plurality of holes for screw fastening, and the support base is the above-mentioned. The guide device for an elevator apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a female screw portion for screw fastening corresponding to a plurality of holes. 7. An elevator apparatus comprising the guide apparatus for the elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6.