JP2003000228A - New microorganism and apparatus for treating waste water containing oil-and-fat using the microorganism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a new microorganism enabling the direct biological treatment of oil-and-fat in a highly concentrated organic waste water even at a high temperature to keep the oil-and-fat in liquid state and provide an apparatus for the treatment of waste water containing oil-and-fat by using the new microorganism. SOLUTION: The new microorganism is Bacillus sp. B-3 (FERM BP-7509) or Ralstonia picketti B-4 (FERM BP-7510) both having lipase activity. The apparatus for the treatment of waste water containing oil-and-fat is provided with a raw water introducing means to introduce the waste water containing oil-and-fat, an oil-and-fat decomposition reaction tank to contact the waste water containing oil-and-fat and introduced by the introducing means with new Bacillus sp. B-3 (FERM BP-7509) and/or new Ralstonia picketti B-4 (FERM BP-7510), and a diffusing means to diffuse the content in the reaction tank.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a novel microorganism having lipase activity and a biological treatment apparatus for wastewater containing oil and fat using the same, and particularly to an oil factory, a prepared food factory, a fried confectionery factory, a cake manufacturing factory, a ham.・ High-concentration organic wastewater containing liquid animal / vegetable fats and oils discharged from sausage manufacturing factories, canning factories, marine products processing factories, food related businesses such as restaurants and restaurants, etc. are aerobic with new microorganisms having lipase activity. The present invention relates to a processing device that performs biological processing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A wastewater treatment method for treating organic matter in wastewater using microorganisms has been known. An activated sludge method is known as an example of such a treatment method. In this method, microorganisms are propagated in wastewater under aerobic conditions, and activated sludge formed by agglomeration of the microorganisms adsorbs organic matter in the wastewater. In order to promote oxidative decomposition by microorganisms and propagation of microorganisms, a simple mechanism of blowing air into the wastewater and stirring is adopted.

However, for example, waste water generated from a food processing factory or a food service industry contains an extremely high concentration of organic matter, and there are cases where conventional general activated sludge methods cannot be used. Therefore, various treatment methods are required. It has been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-8313, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-12436, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-52636).

As a result, even if a high concentration of organic substances such as proteins or sugars is present, it is possible to relatively easily reduce the concentration of organic substances in wastewater.

However, when wastewater containing a large amount of lipids is treated with activated sludge, the bacteria that appear there have a weak enzymatic activity for decomposing and removing lipids, especially saturated fatty acids, so that adsorption of lipids is superior. As a result, lipids are adsorbed around the flocs of the activated sludge to form a film, and oxygen is not transferred into the flocs, resulting in oxygen deficiency, which hinders the decomposition and removal of the lipids. In addition, lipids are either mixed with water in wastewater to form an emulsion, exist in a colloidal form, or are formed into oil balls, but if a separate physicochemical treatment to remove only oil is not performed. There was a problem that the treatment facility was contaminated by the untreated oil, and the oil was mixed with the treated water and discharged untreated. In particular, when the lipid content of wastewater is high, it is necessary to deal with the fluctuation of the inflowing load, to properly manage the operation, to secure the processing performance, and to dispose of the excess sludge that is generated in large quantities. I couldn't solve it. Therefore, in recent years, as treatment of highly concentrated organic wastewater, aerobic treatment using microorganisms such as yeast (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
No. 00-246284) and anaerobic treatment (UASB) using anaerobic bacteria (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-1179 etc.) have been introduced and adopted.

Here, a schematic structure of the biological organic wastewater treatment apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-246284 will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 5, the wastewater containing lipid passes through the screen 41 as inflow water to remove solids (contaminants) of a size not suitable for yeast treatment, and then sent to the flow rate adjusting tank 42. . A predetermined amount of waste water is supplied from the flow rate adjusting tank 42 into the yeast reaction tank 43 as a biological reaction tank. A sensor (not shown) for measuring the pH in the tank is attached to the yeast reaction tank 43, and the pH in the tank is adjusted to the optimum pH 3 to 7 for the lipid-assimilating yeast according to the measurement value of the pH sensor. To this end, an acidic chemical such as sulfuric acid is added. In addition, a return path and a pump (not shown) for recycling the yeast used again for wastewater treatment among the yeasts solid-liquid separated by the pressure flotation means 44 described later are added to the yeast reaction tank 43. It is provided between the pressure levitation means 44. The wastewater (mixed liquid) that has been subjected to the lipolysis treatment by yeast for a certain retention time in the yeast reaction tank 43 is sent to the pressure floating means 44 and undergoes solid-liquid separation. The treated water (liquid) obtained by solid-liquid separation is sent to the treated water tank 45, part of the yeast sludge (solid content) is returned to the yeast reaction tank 43 as described above, and the rest is surplus yeast as a sludge treatment system. Sent to. The treated water in the treated water tank 45 can be subjected to general wastewater treatment such as activated sludge treatment as a post-treatment according to the water quality standard of the discharge destination.

On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-1179 discloses an upflow anaerobic sludge bed treatment device (UASB) which has good contact efficiency and a large load by solubilizing the solid content contained in the organic wastewater. ) Is disclosed, and a method for anaerobic digestion of high-concentration organic wastewater and a treatment apparatus therefor are disclosed.

[0008]

However, since the conventional wastewater treatment apparatus and method using microorganisms are configured as described above, they have the following problems to be solved.

That is, in aerobic treatment using microorganisms such as yeast, the microorganisms to be used are mostly mesophilic bacterium, so the water temperature of the waste water is medium temperature (normal temperature: about 1
0 to 30 ° C.). Therefore, there are the following problems to be solved.

When the water temperature is low, such as in winter, the fats and oils contained in the wastewater in a high concentration are likely to solidify, and the removal of the fats and oils becomes insufficient and the quality of treated water deteriorates.

On the other hand, when the water temperature is high, such as in the summer, the heat generated by the biodegradation reaction of the organic matter contained in the high-concentration organic matter wastewater also increases the water temperature, and unless the temperature control device is installed, the biological reaction tank However, the solidification of oils and fats does not occur, but the activity of microorganisms (mesophilic bacteria) that are resident in the tank is suppressed, and as a result, the biological treatment performance becomes poor and the treated water quality deteriorates.

Further, the conventional anaerobic treatment using UASB has the following problems to be solved.

Since granules in which anaerobic bacteria and methane bacteria are mixed are formed and the treatment is carried out at high or medium temperature, solidification of fats and oils does not occur in the reaction tank, but in both cases, hard-to-decompose fats and oils are made into high concentrations. It is difficult to fully decompose and assimilate the contained organic wastewater. Therefore, the processing performance becomes unstable.

Since a long residence time is required to sufficiently treat high-concentration organic wastewater by anaerobic treatment, the treatment equipment becomes large, construction cost and operating cost increase, and operation and maintenance are complicated. Become.

Even if the anaerobic treated water is sufficiently treated, if it is directly discharged to a river or the like, it may affect the environment of the discharge destination, and therefore it is necessary to separately perform aerobic treatment.

Therefore, a search for a novel microorganism which solves the above-mentioned problems and enables direct microbial treatment of fats and oils contained in high-concentration organic wastewater under high temperature at which the fats and oils can exist in a liquid state, Further, there is a need to provide a biological treatment apparatus for oil / fat-containing wastewater utilizing the novel microorganism.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a novel microorganism having lipase activity capable of treating high-concentration organic wastewater containing fats and oils and having high temperature resistance. The purpose is to do. Further, by using such a novel microorganism, the oil and fat contained in the high-concentration organic wastewater is introduced into the reaction tank in a liquid state or an emulsion state without solidifying, and aerobically stable and efficiently. An object is to provide an oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment device that decomposes oil and fat well.

[0018]

The present invention provides a novel Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia piquetti which have lipase activity useful for decomposing organic substances in high-concentration organic wastewater treatment and have high temperature. B-4 is provided. The present invention also provides an oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus using these novel microorganisms.

1. Search First, the novel Bacillus species B- according to the present invention
3 and search for Ralstonia picetti B-4.

Palm oil mill wastewater (Palm) containing palm oil, which is one of vegetable oils and fats, as high-concentration organic wastewater.
Below Oil Mill Effluent, POME
Prepared). Next, this POME was put into a biological reaction tank and acclimated at 50 ° C. Then, a predetermined amount (100 ml) of the mixed solution was sampled from the biological reaction tank, and directly streaked with a platinum loop on the standard agar medium (NA) and bromocresol purple (BCP) agar medium, respectively, 46, 48 and 5 respectively.
Static culture was carried out at 0 ° C. for 3 to 5 days. The formed colony was further subcultured twice under the same conditions. Next, the presence or absence of oil and fat degrading and assimilating ability of this colony was examined (it is assumed that the colony-forming strain has the ability of degrading and assimilating oil and fat). That is, 0.5% of crude palm oil was applied to BCP agar medium containing carbon as the sole carbon source, and the temperature was further adjusted to 46 ° C.
Static culture was carried out at ˜50 ° C. for 3-5 days. After culturing, BC
The colonies formed on the P agar medium were collected, and finally two bacterial strains could be isolated. These bacterial strains were designated as B-3 and B-4, respectively, and used for the examination of the mycological properties described below.

The composition of the standard agar medium (NA) is as follows: yeast extract: 2.5 g peptone: 5.0 g glucose: 1.0 g agar: 15.0 g (in 1 L of medium;
pH 7.0). The composition of BCP agar medium is
Crude palm oil: 5.0 g Peptone: 0.5 g Yeast extract: 1.0 g BCP (bromocresol purple):
0.06g Adecanol TS-910: 0.1g
Agar: 15.0 g (in 1 L of medium; pH 7.0). Furthermore, the medium used for the identification test was BTB.
The medium to which is added is tested sugar: 2% yeast extract:
4.5 g peptone: 7.5 g (in 1 L of medium; pH
7.0), OF medium (manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like were used. As a medium for producing lipase, a medium for the genus Bacillus is peptone: 10 g yeast: 5 g glucose: 3 g glycerol: 15 g NaCl: 3 g (in 1 L of medium; p
H7.0), medium for Ralstonia is proteose peptone: 20 g yeast: 2.5 g meat extract: 5 g
Glucose: 5 g Glycerol: 10 g NaC
1: 3 g (in 1 L of medium; pH 7.2). The culture can be carried out under aerobic conditions, and basically, liquid culture or solid culture may be used.

As will be described below, the results of the examination of the mycological properties revealed that the strains were novel strains of the genus Bacillus and the genus Ralstonia, which are aerobic bacteria, respectively. As described below, Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 were used. Next, the reason why Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 thus obtained are novel microorganisms will be described.

2. Mycological properties Table 1 summarizes the mycological properties of the strains newly obtained in the present invention.

[0024]

[Table 1]

A. Bacillus species B-3 (1) Morphological properties Colony morphology: round morphology,
Uniform, smooth and shiny. Larger than 1 mm in diameter, dot-shaped, translucent, and cream color. Regarding cell properties,
Gram stainability: positive, cell morphology: bacillus, spore-forming ability:
Yes, mobility: Yes.

(2) Growth temperature Growth temperature: 20 ° C to 60 ° C

(3) Physiological properties Distinction between aerobic and anaerobic: aerobic and anaerobic growth: negative, catalase: positive, salt tolerance test NaCl 0% to 7
%: Positive, β-galactosidase: positive, arginine dihydrase: positive, lysine decarboxylase: negative,
Ornithine decarboxylase: negative, citrate availability: positive, hydrogen sulfide production: negative, urease: negative, tryptophan deaminase: negative, indole production: negative, acetoin production: positive, gelatinase: positive, glucose oxidation: positive, D- Mannitol oxidation: positive, inosit oxidation: positive, D-sorbitol oxidation: positive, L-
Rhamnose oxidation: negative, saccharose oxidation: positive, D-
Meribiose oxidation: negative, D-amygdalin oxidation: positive, L-arabinose oxidation: negative, nitrate reduction: positive, lipase: positive. By having the above-mentioned mycological biochemical properties, the strain of the present invention is a strain belonging to the genus Bacillus, and has a lipase activity as described below and at a higher temperature than other strains of the genus Bacillus. Since it was able to grow, it was identified as a novel strain, and it was recognized that it was appropriate to belong to Bacillus sp. In this specification, this novel strain is referred to as Bacillus species B-3.

B. Ralstonia picetti B-4 (1) Morphological properties Regarding colony characteristics, colony morphology: round,
It is uneven, uneven, and shiny. Larger than 1 mm in diameter, dot-shaped, translucent, and cream color. Regarding the cell properties, Gram stainability: negative, cell morphology: bacillus, spore-forming ability: none, motility: yes.

(2) Growth temperature Growth temperature: 20 ° C to 60 ° C

(3) Physiological properties Anaerobic growth: negative, catalase: positive, oxidase: positive, salt tolerance test NaCl 0% to 4%: positive, O
F test: oxidation, nitrate reduction: negative, indole production:
Negative, glucose acidification: negative, arginine dihydrase: negative, urease: negative, β-glucosidase: negative, protease: negative, β-galactosidase: negative, glucose assimilation: positive, L-arabinose assimilation: negative, D-mannose Assimilation: negative, D-mannitol assimilation: negative, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine assimilation: negative, maltose assimilation: negative, potassium gluconate assimilation:
Negative, n-capric acid assimilation: negative, adipic acid assimilation: positive, dl-malic acid assimilation: negative, sodium citrate assimilation: positive, phenyl acetate assimilation: negative, lipase: positive.
By having the above-mentioned mycological properties, a strain belonging to the genus Ralstonia, which has a lipase activity as described below and is capable of growing at a higher temperature than other strains of the genus Ralstonia is a novel strain. Was identified as
Ralstonia species
p. ) Was deemed appropriate. In this specification, this novel strain is referred to as Ralstonia picetti B-4. In addition, such a bacterium of the genus Ralstonia is described in BERGEY'S MANUAL (Vol.
1, 2 1986), Pseudomonas sp.
udomonas sp. ) Is a bacterial species that was classified in.

Upon the identification of the above strains, the lipase activity of Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in.

[0032] Table 2     Sample lipase activity (U / L)     Bacillus species B-3 2,656     Ralstonia Piquetti B-4 741     Pancreatic lipase 238

As shown in Table 2, since Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 each showed a higher value than the pancreatic lipase activity value, it was confirmed that they had lipase activity. The lipase of Species B-3 was an extracellular enzyme.

Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picketii B-4 grow well in any general nutrient medium well known to those skilled in the art. Any carbon source may be used as long as the bacterium can assimilate. As the nitrogen source, organic nitrogen sources such as peptone, yeast extract, malt extract, and meat extract can be used. Also,
The medium has a pH of 2.0 to 12.0, preferably 4.0.
It is adjusted to 9.0, more preferably 5.0 to 8.0, and sterilized before use. The culturing temperature may be a temperature at which Bacillus and Ralstonia can grow.
The temperature is 0 to 60 ° C, preferably 35 to 55 ° C.

A mutant strain obtained by mutating the bacterium naturally or by artificial means such as gene recombination, radiation treatment, chemical treatment, etc., has both good lipase activity and high temperature. If so, it is to be included in the present invention.

3. Deposit of Microorganisms This bacterium was deposited on March 15, 2001 at the Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, and the deposit number is FERMBP-7 for Bacillus species B-3.
509, Ralstonia Piquetti B-4 is FERM
BP-7510.

Next, the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention uses a novel high temperature resistant oil and fat-utilizing bacterium.

It is generally said that the internal respiration rate of thermophilic microorganisms is much higher than that of mesophilic microorganisms (normal temperature bacteria). For thermophilic microorganisms, there is a higher continuous energy requirement and, on the other hand, there is a higher frequency of microbiological decline. Due to these facts, the high-temperature treatment system has a smaller amount of excess sludge than the medium-temperature treatment system, which leads to a reduction in sludge disposal cost.

The fact that the temperature of the mixed solution is high means that
It is expected that it will be difficult to supply oxygen to the aerobic microorganisms in the culture solution. Generally, the oxygen saturation concentration in water decreases as the water temperature rises (when the fresh water temperature is 25 ° C, the oxygen saturation concentration is 8.3 mg / L, whereas when it is 60 ° C, the oxygen saturation concentration is 4.6 mg / L). However, the oxygen diffusion coefficient in the case of growing (25 ° C. according to raise the water temperature, against ^{2.5 × 10} -5 cm ² / sec. This, in the case of ⁶⁰ ℃, 6.1x10 -5 ^cm 2 /
Seconds). Therefore, the oxygen transfer rate under high temperature is equal to or higher than that under medium temperature. That is, as a means for supplying oxygen to the mixed liquid, if a certain amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the mixed liquid can be secured, air aeration or pure oxygen can be used. When pure oxygen is used, it is necessary to fully consider the amount of oxygen used.

In addition, the fact that the temperature of the mixed solution is high means that many mesophilic pathogenic microorganisms known up to now are killed or a substance harmful to living things is exposed to high temperature. The toxicity may be weakened or detoxified, and it is expected that there is no need to sterilize the treated water with chlorine as in the conventional case.

Further, the fact that the temperature of the mixed liquid is high means that the viscosity of the liquid is lowered, sludge settling property is improved, and solid-liquid separation property is expected to be improved. It is possible to maintain a high amount of microorganisms (amount of sludge) (high concentration of mixed liquid), which allows the reaction tank to be operated with a reduced load of organic substances, and organic substances can be decomposed and removed efficiently. In other words, the treatment of organic wastewater with high temperature-resistant aerobic microorganisms has more advantages not only in operation and maintenance but also in environmental hygiene management, compared with treatment with mesophilic microorganisms such as standard activated sludge method. That is why.

The oils and fats containing Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 of the present invention are described below in order to specifically explain in what point the novel microorganisms of the present invention are useful. The contained wastewater treatment apparatus will be described as an example.

[0043]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus using a novel microorganism according to the present invention will be described.

First, the basic constitution of the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus using the novel microorganisms according to the present invention will be briefly described.

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an example of the basic constitution of an oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
8A to 8F are block diagrams showing different configuration examples. In FIG. 1, 2 is a screen for removing contaminants contained in the inflow water, 3 is a flow rate adjusting tank for alleviating flow fluctuations of the inflow water, and in order to prevent sedimentation and separation of the inflow water, Means are provided for performing aeration or mechanical agitation. Reference numeral 4a is an extrusion flow type reaction tank (oil and fat decomposition tank), in which only floating sludge or a floating carrier is charged or a contact filter medium is installed. By adding the floating carrier or installing the contact filter, it is possible to reduce the floating sludge concentration while securing the sludge amount in the reaction tank, and the solid-liquid separation in the subsequent settling tank becomes good, and The treated water can be improved. 4b is a batch-type reaction tank (oil and fat decomposition tank). By making the reaction tank a batch-type reaction tank,
It is possible to eliminate or reduce the flow rate adjusting tank. Further, since it becomes possible to stop the aeration in the reaction tank and allow the mixed solution to settle down to perform solid-liquid separation, a solid-liquid separation device becomes unnecessary. Reference numeral 5 is a solid-liquid separator for separating a solid component and a liquid component. 10 is a pretreatment facility installed for the purpose of removing suspended matter in the inflowing water and facilitating the subsequent oil and fat decomposition treatment. Specifically, a pressure flotation device, a centrifuge, a filtration device, etc. Used alone or in combination.

The oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises the oil-and-fat decomposition tank 4 in the liquid or emulsion state without solidifying the oil and fat contained in the high-concentration organic wastewater.
When introduced into a and 4b, the microorganisms contained in the oil and fat decomposing tanks 4a and 4b aerobically and stably decompose the oil and fat efficiently. Therefore, the oil decomposition tank 4
The states of a and 4b are desired to be as follows.

That is, the water temperature in the oil and fat decomposing tanks 4a and 4b is approximately 20 to 60 ° C., and preferably the oil and fat decomposing reaction is carried out at 35 to 55 ° C.

The pH in the oil and fat decomposing tanks 4a and 4b is about 5 to 8. The BOD concentration of the organic wastewater (water to be treated) containing the oil and fat introduced into the oil and fat decomposition tanks 4a and 4b is approximately 5,
000 mg / L to 30,000 mg / L (0.5 to
3.0%), and particularly high-concentration wastewater of 10,000 mg / L or more can be efficiently treated.

Even if the hexane extraction substance concentration of the organic wastewater (water to be treated) containing the oil and fat introduced into the oil and fat decomposing tanks 4a and 4b is 500 mg / L (0.05%) or more, it can be treated well.

The oil and fat decomposing tanks 4a and 4b are aeration tanks in which the above microorganisms are suspended by air diffusion from the air diffusion means, or carrier-introduced aeration tanks in which a flowable carrier carrying the above microorganisms is charged. It is desirable that the contact aeration tank is provided with a contact filter medium carrying the above microorganisms, but it is not limited to this as long as it is a reaction tank capable of aerobically treating the water to be treated in the presence of the above microorganisms. Absent.

The oil / fat decomposition tanks 4a and 4b may be subjected to an aerobic biological treatment by an extrusion flow system (4a) in which the organic wastewater is continuously introduced, or the organic wastewater is batchwise. The aerobic biological treatment may be carried out in the batch inflow system (4b) introduced into.

In the oil and fat decomposing tanks 4a and 4b, air is supplied from a diffuser to aerate and agitate the inside of the tank for aerobic biological treatment. However, air having an increased oxygen concentration depending on the required oxygen amount or the like is used. Pure oxygen may be used. If pure oxygen is used for aeration and agitation, the amount of oxygen required for microbial treatment can be obtained, but if the agitation strength is not sufficient, a stirring device may be separately used.

When the fats and oils contained in the water to be treated are vegetable fats and oils and animal fats and oils, especially a vegetable fat and oils, aerobic biological treatment can be efficiently carried out.

Next, an example of an oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus using a novel microorganism according to the present invention will be specifically described. In FIG. 1, a configuration example in which only one reaction tank (oil / fat decomposition tank) 4a or 4b is used, and a means for pretreatment or posttreatment is provided in the front stage and / or the rear stage as necessary is described. Here, a case where biological treatment is performed in two reaction tanks will be described.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining an example of an oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, two reaction tanks (oil and fat decomposition tank 4 and biological treatment tank 6)
It is shown. That is, in the oil and fat decomposing tank 4, first, high-temperature-resistant bacteria having an ability to assimilate oil and fat (Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4).
Is used to decompose and assimilate the fats and oils contained in the waste water, and the treated water is post-treated in the biological treatment tank 6 in the subsequent stage with yeast under high load operation. For the treatment in the biological treatment tank 6, for example, the oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment device described in JP 2000-246284 A shown in FIG. 4 can be applied.

The oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus of this embodiment is a so-called batch type apparatus, and includes a foreign matter removing apparatus 2 for removing foreign matters contained in the input raw water 1a and the foreign matter removing apparatus 2. The flow rate adjusting tank 3 for adjusting the inflow rate of the input raw water 1a to be sent is connected to the air or pure oxygen air feeding means and the separation sludge discharge path 9, and the flow rate is adjusted by the flow rate adjusting tank 3. Of the treatment liquid which is connected to the oil / fat decomposition tank 4 for decomposing the oil / fat components contained in the inflowing wastewater, the coagulant charging means 11 and the separation sludge discharge passage 9, and which is subjected to the oil / fat decomposition treatment by the oil / fat decomposition tank 4. From a solid-liquid separation device 5 for performing solid-liquid separation, and a biological treatment tank 6 which is connected to an air or pure oxygen gas supply means 8 and a discharge path of separated sludge and which decomposes organic matter by microorganisms such as yeast. Roughly configured

The oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus having such a structure operates as follows. That is, POME1
a is passed through the screen 2 which is a contaminant removing device as the input raw water to remove solid components (contaminants) of a size not suitable for treatment other than waste water components, and then passed through the flow path 1b. Is transferred to the flow rate adjusting tank 3, where homogenization is achieved. Next, a certain amount of the homogenized wastewater from the flow rate adjusting tank 3 via the flow path 1c is composed of high-temperature-resistant oil- and fat-utilizing bacteria (that is, Bacillus species B-3 and / or Ralstonia picetti B-4). It is supplied as inflow water into the oil decomposition tank 4 containing sludge. Here, oil and fat decomposition tank 4
As a method of supplying inflow water to, there are a method of inflowing water from one location and a method of so-called stepwise inflowing from several locations, and either method may be selected. Oil decomposition tank 4
In, a high-concentration organic wastewater treatment is carried out by an aerobic method including high temperature, air or pure oxygen aeration using high temperature resistant oil and fat assimilating bacteria. Therefore, a predetermined amount of air or pure oxygen is supplied from the air supply means 8 to the fat and oil decomposition tank 4. The treatment liquid obtained by the decomposition of oil and fat by the high temperature resistant oil and fat-utilizing bacteria is the flow path 1
Solid-liquid separation is performed in the solid-liquid separation device 5 via d. The separated liquid (treated water) obtained here is further sent to the biological treatment tank 6 containing microorganisms such as yeast, which is a reaction tank, via the flow path 1e. Here, the separated liquid is aerobically treated using the air or pure oxygen sent from the air sending means 8. Separated sludge (returned sludge), which is a part of sludge separated by the solid-liquid separator 5 or the like, is sent again to the reaction tank via the discharging means 9, and the remaining sludge (excess sludge) is sludge. Transferred to processing equipment (not shown). If there is an existing anaerobic pond or aerobic pond (oxidation pond) at the final discharge destination, the excess sludge may be skipped by the discharge means 9 and the excess sludge may be transferred to the above-mentioned pound. It can be omitted. In addition, whether the treated water from the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment equipment is discharged to public water bodies as it is,
Alternatively, it is treated in a treatment facility at a subsequent stage using the above-mentioned biological treatment (biological treatment tank, shown) or physicochemical treatment (not shown).

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining a case where a pressure levitation device 10 is newly provided between the screen 2 and the flow rate adjusting tank 3 in the oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment device shown in FIG. After the coagulant is added from the coagulant adding means 11 to the wastewater that passes through the screen 2 and is sent through the flow path 1f, the wastewater is stored in the pressure levitation device 10. After storing a predetermined amount, air or a nitrogen-rich gas is injected into the pressure levitation device 10 from the air supply means 12 to bring the pressure levitation device 10 into a pressurized state. The air or nitrogen gas sent from the air supply means 12 is sufficiently brought into contact with and mixed with the waste water, and left for a while. After leaving, the wastewater is at least the floss part,
Divided into 3 layers: intermediate water and sludge deposit (deposit). The floss part is discharged to the oil recovery system (not shown) by the oil discharge means 13, and the sludge accumulation part is discharged by the discharge means 9. The intermediate water is transferred to the flow rate adjusting tank 3 via the flow path 1b, further sent to the oil / fat decomposition tank 4, and treated by the same constituent elements as the oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the daily change in the removal rate of the hexane extract in POME-treated water. That is,
This is an example of actually treating the organic wastewater using the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus as shown in FIG. The hexane extraction substance removal rate is for evaluating the treatment capacity of the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus based on the present invention. Further, in the following description, the change with time is represented by using the actual date and time.

As the input raw water, the waste water obtained from POME was subjected to the pressure flotation treatment using the pressure flotation device (pretreatment device) 10, and the impurities removed from the waste water were used as the input raw water. This is because if the amount of impurities in the input raw water is too large, the exact amount of sludge produced in the mixed liquid (which accompanies biological treatment) will not be found, and the amount of sludge in the reaction tank will increase unnecessarily for biological treatment. This is because it is expected to cause obstacles and make it impossible to manage sludge appropriately.

First, the wastewater treatment was carried out by the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus under the following operating conditions for 4 months.

The operating conditions at this time are shown below. Oil decomposition tank Actual capacity: 5L, Aeration method: Aeration with pure oxygen only Raw water input: POME with impurities removed, Input raw water volume: 0.2-0.5L
/ D, oil / fat decomposition tank water temperature: 60 ° C., oil / fat decomposition tank pH: p
H5.0 or less, dissolved oxygen amount (DO): 2.0 mg / L or more, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) volumetric load: 1.1
~ 2.6 kg / m ³ · d, 50 g to 100 g of sludge generated at the contact part between the inner wall of the pit and the water surface in the middle of the wastewater route is collected as seed sludge in addition to the raw water input, and 1-2 times a week.
The oil was decomposed into the fat decomposition tank 4 at a rate of once.

Under these operating conditions, the hexane extractable substance removal rate was about 60% or less. This indicates that the wastewater treatment by the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment device is not performed efficiently and the decomposition of organic substances including oil and fat is insufficient.

Therefore, on April 1, the pH in the oil-decomposition tank was raised to pH 5.6 or higher by using an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and from May 4, the oil-decomposition tank water temperature was changed to 60 ° C.
When the operation was continued after lowering it to the value below, the hexane extract substance removal rate gradually increased and finally came to be maintained at 90% or more. In addition, the pH in the oil and fat decomposing tank tended to increase with the biodegradation of organic substances. Furthermore, after May 15, the input of seed sludge was stopped. May 16th to July 15th
The operation results up to the day when the treatment status was stable and favorable are as follows.

Oil / fat decomposition tank Actual capacity: 5 L Aeration method: Aeration with pure oxygen only, input raw water: POME with contaminants removed Raw water input amount: 0.45-0.5 L / d, treated water after reaction pH: pH 6 4 to 9.0 (pH unadjusted) BOD volume load: 2.0 to 3.0 kg / m ³ · d, hexane extract substance removal rate: 96% or more.

As described above, in the conventional treatment equipment, when the inflowing wastewater contains fats and oils, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) also becomes high, which hinders stable biological treatment. Therefore, measures such as diluting the wastewater were taken, but the problem of increasing the installation area and processing time of the treatment equipment due to the diluting of the wastewater and increasing running costs occurred, and efficient biological treatment is no longer performed. However, the fats and oils in the waste water, which are particularly difficult to decompose, could not be decomposed and treated sufficiently. On the other hand, the biological treatment apparatus for oil-containing wastewater using the novel high-temperature-resistant oil-and-oil-utilizing bacteria based on this Example, the oil and fat are contacted with the high-temperature-resistant oil-and-oil-utilizing bacteria, and the oil and fat are solidified. It can efficiently decompose and remove fats and oils directly under high temperature, which does not occur. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the optimum pH and temperature for the oil-decomposition and assimilation treatment of high-temperature-resistant oil-and-fat-utilizing bacteria, and the optimum pH for the organic matter-decomposition and assimilation treatment by yeast according to the present invention
It shows that wastewater treatment is efficiently performed by the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment device under operating conditions in which H and temperature are taken into consideration.

In the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus, both the lipase-active Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 were used in the oil and fat decomposition tank 4, but it is also possible to use only one of the microorganisms. Is.

Further, in the biological treatment apparatus for oil-and-fat-containing wastewater using the above novel high-temperature-resistant oil-and-fat-utilizing bacteria, microorganisms other than the above-mentioned microorganisms are usually present in the oil-and-fat decomposition tank. It is possible to decompose and remove not only fats and oils but also organic substances in waste water, and thereby good treated water can be obtained. In order to allow various microorganisms to coexist in the oil and fat decomposing tank, it is important to control (= operation management) the water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and the like in the oil and fat decomposing tank.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the raw water input is subjected to the foreign matter removal treatment by the screen 2, and then the oil / fat decomposition tank 4 is used.
, But not limited to this, screen 2
It is also possible to omit the treatment of foreign matters by. Instead of using pure oxygen, the organic wastewater may be treated at a high temperature by aeration with air, a combination of air and pure oxygen, or air having an increased oxygen concentration.

Further, after reducing the water temperature of the input raw water, POME, to a temperature of about ambient temperature, air removal or pure oxygen aeration is carried out to remove the organic wastewater with and without the contaminant removal treatment. It is also possible to process.

Furthermore, the treated water obtained by treating the input raw water with the oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment device of the present invention at moderate or high temperature is further treated with an activated sludge treatment device to determine the BOD concentration of the final treated water. It is also possible to reduce it to 20 mg / L.

Further, a carrier for supporting microorganisms is put into the fat and oil decomposing tank, and pure oxygen and / or air aeration system is used.
It is also possible to continuously feed POME. For example,
As the carrier, rock (eg, pearlite, diatomaceous earth) or a crushed product thereof, gravel, sand, plastics, ceramics (eg, alumina, silica, natural zeolite, synthetic zeolite), talc, etc., particularly porous ceramics, porous A porous material having continuous air holes such as plastics is preferable, but it is not limited to this as long as it can flow by aeration in the oil and fat decomposition tank.

When the concentration of impurities in the treated water cannot be reduced, the contaminants in the treated water can be removed by using the solid-liquid separation device 5 and the coagulant feeding means 11 for supplying the coagulant. As the solid-liquid separator 5 that is usually used,
It is also possible to use devices known to the person skilled in the art, for example vacuum filters, pressure flotation filters, centrifuges or belt-press dehydrators. As the coagulant, an inorganic coagulant such as ferric chloride or slaked lime or a polymer coagulant is used.

To summarize the description of the examples, the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment system of the present example shows that the novel microorganisms Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 are aerobic at high temperature. By efficiently contacting with high-concentration organic wastewater containing fats and oils such as palm oil, the organic substances such as fats and oils contained in the wastewater can be efficiently
Not only decomposes and removes quickly, but also improves solid-liquid separation of high-concentration mixed liquids, reduces sludge generation, and floss portion obtained from pressure-floated POME compared to mesophilic biological treatment. It can be expected that palm oil contained in a high concentration will be recovered, and that the precipitate and excess dehydrated sludge obtained from POME subjected to pressure floating treatment will be effectively used for breeding fish and shellfish. In addition, since the batch operation is performed, the oil and fat decomposition tank is used as a solid-liquid separator (sedimentation tank).
Since there is no need to newly set up a precipitation tank after the oil and fat decomposition tank, and because the solid-liquid separation is good, it is possible to maintain the mixed liquid concentration in the oil and oil decomposition tank at a high level (10,000 mg / L or more) for treatment. As a result, it is possible to operate with a reduced BOD load, and since it is not necessary to concentrate excess sludge, the sludge concentrating tank can also be omitted, and after being stored directly in the sludge storage tank, a relatively fresh sludge condition can be sent to the sludge dewatering device. Can be transferred at. As a result, not only the water treatment facility but also the sludge treatment facility can be made compact, and it is possible to realize a treatment device having a small installation area as a whole. Furthermore, since the pH of POME is acidic at about pH 4 from the beginning, sulfuric acid injection equipment for adjusting the pH in the oil and fat decomposition tank and foaming that frequently occurs in high-concentration organic wastewater hardly occur. No need for chemical injection equipment. Since it is expected that pathogenic microorganisms, viruses, and parasite eggs will be killed by heat, it may not be necessary to install a sodium hypochlorite injection facility, which reduces running costs relative to the amount of chemicals used and further reduces heat consumption. It is possible to create a facility that considers the local environment by destabilizing unstable toxic substances with heat and not contaminating the discharge destination of treated water. Furthermore, focusing on the properties of the lipase produced by the microorganism, it showed resistance (high temperature resistance) even at a high water temperature of 50 ° C. or higher, and did not inactivate even at around pH 4 to pH 6. At least the lipase produced by Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4 is an extracellular enzyme,
Lipase is produced even under high water temperature. In the future, if research and development such as large-scale extraction and purification technology of such enzymes, including genetic engineering methods, will progress, not only in the wastewater treatment industry, but also academically, in the oil and fat decomposition processing and purification industry, and in detergents. It also has a secondary effect that it can be a very valuable biocatalyst for the surfactant industry or the food processing industry.

[0075]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, the novel Bacillus species B-3 and / or the novel Ralstonia picetti B-4 are microorganisms having lipase activity even under high water temperature, which is difficult to biologically treat. Since,
The wastewater containing a hard-to-decompose oil and fat that is hardly biodegradable can be efficiently decomposed and biologically processed without requiring any physicochemical treatment.

According to the present invention, the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment device is a novel Bacillus species B-3 and / or a novel Ralstonia picetti B-4 which is a microorganism having a lipase activity even at high water temperature, which is difficult to biologically treat. By using, the wastewater containing a hard-to-decompose oil or fat that is difficult to biodegrade can be directly and efficiently decomposed and biologically processed without requiring physicochemical treatment. In addition, since the oil / fat-containing wastewater can be treated at a high temperature, the oil / fat can be efficiently and stably decomposed without being solidified. When processing at higher water temperature,
Since the solid-liquid separation property of the mixed liquid is improved, the concentration of the mixed liquid in the oil and fat decomposing tank can be maintained high, so that the BOD load can be reduced and stable treatment can be performed.

According to the present invention, the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus is an aeration tank in which the oil-and-fat decomposition tank performs aerobic treatment, and by supplying air, a gas having an increased oxygen concentration or pure oxygen, It becomes possible to decompose a fat and oil more efficiently and aerobically.

According to the present invention, the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus is an aerobic treatment in which the oil-and-fat decomposition tank is charged with a floating carrier carrying at least one of Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia picetti B-4. Aeration tank to perform, or Bacillus species B-3 and Ralstonia
Since it is a catalytic oxidation tank in which a catalytic filter medium carrying at least one of Piquetti B-4 is installed and which performs aerobic treatment, microorganisms can be stably retained, and thus, even aerobically stable and efficiently fats and oils. Can be disassembled.

According to the present invention, in the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus, the aeration means is an aeration apparatus for supplying air, a gas having an increased oxygen concentration or pure oxygen to the oil-decomposition tank.
It becomes possible to decompose a fat and oil more efficiently and aerobically.

According to the present invention, in the oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus, since the oil / fat-containing wastewater is an organic wastewater containing a vegetable oil / fat and / or an animal oil / fat, the oil / fat is efficiently maintained in a liquid state at high temperature. It can be decomposed well, and biological oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment at food related establishments can be performed more efficiently than before.

According to the present invention, the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment device has a biological treatment tank for treating the treated water treated by the oil-and-fat decomposition tank with organic matter by microorganisms,
Better treated water quality can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a view for explaining a basic configuration example of an oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG.
(F) is a block diagram showing a different configuration example.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining an example of an oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining a case where a pressure levitation device 10 is newly provided between the screen 2 and the flow rate adjusting tank 3 in the oil and fat-containing wastewater treatment device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change with time of a hexane extract substance removal rate in POME-treated water.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining a schematic configuration of an oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-246284.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a Input raw water (POME) 1b to 1f flow path 2 screens (contamination remover) 3 Flow rate adjustment tank 4,4a, 4b Reaction tank (oil and fat decomposition tank) 5 Solid-liquid separator 6 Reaction tank (biological treatment tank) 7 treated water 8,12 Air supply means 9 Ejection means 10 Pressure levitation equipment (pretreatment equipment) 11 Flocculant charging means 13 Oil discharge means

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) C02F 3/08 C02F 3/08 B 4D040 3/12 3/12 MQV 3/26 3/26 3 / 34 3/34 Z C12M 1/00 C12M 1/00 H 1/04 1/04 1/40 1/40 Z // (C12N 1/20 C12N 1/20 C12R 1:07) C12R 1:07 (72) Inventor Nobutoshi Nishi 3-6-18 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nishihara Institute of Environmental Health, Inc. (72) Inventor Tsukasa Shinada 3-6-18 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nishihara Institute of Environmental Health F-term ( Reference) 4B029 AA02 AA21 BB02 CC03 CC05 CC10 DB11 DF04 4B065 AA01X AA15X AC12 AC20 BA22 BC42 CA55 4D003 AA01 AA12 AB01 BA03 CA02 DA09 DA30 EA19 EA22 BCEABD EA23 EA23 EA23 EA24 EA24 EA24 EA24 BB24 AC01 AC02 BA09 BC05 CC01 4D040 DD03 DD07 DD12 DD14 DD24

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Bacillus species B-3 (deposition number: FERM) which is an aerobic bacterium and has lipase activity.
BP-7509). 2. An aerobic bacterium, Ralstonia picetti B-4 (deposition number: FE) having lipase activity.
RM BP-7510). 3. A raw water introducing means for introducing oil-and-fat-containing wastewater, an oil-and-fat decomposition tank for contacting the oil-and-fat-containing wastewater with Bacillus sp. B-3 and / or Ralstonia picetti B-4, and the oil-and-fat decomposition tank are dispersed. An oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment device comprising: 4. The oil-decomposition tank is a reaction tank for performing aerobic treatment, and is provided with an aeration tank, an aeration tank into which a floating carrier carrying microorganisms is introduced, and a contact filter medium carrying microorganisms. The oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, which is one of the contact oxidation tanks. 5. The aeration device is an aeration device for supplying at least one of air, air having an increased oxygen concentration, and pure oxygen gas into the oil / fat decomposition tank. 4. The oil-and-fat-containing wastewater treatment device according to item 4. 6. The oil / fat-containing wastewater treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the oil / fat-containing wastewater is an organic wastewater containing a vegetable oil / fat and / or an animal oil / fat. .