JP2002544419A - Generation of energy by fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) Summary An apparatus for generating energy includes conduit means (12) defining an inlet (22), an outlet (24) and a constriction (26). At least one turbine (38) is mounted on or near the constriction (26) on the conduit means (12). Each turbine (38) has a set of blade members mounted on a shaft. Each blade member is connected to an axis and extends into the conduit means (12) on a line parallel to the axis. The blade members are configured and oriented relative to each other such that the blade members cooperate to cause rotation of the shaft as fluid flows through the conduit means (12).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the generation of energy. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of generating energy and an apparatus for generating energy.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well known to use fluid flows to generate energy in the form of electricity via suitable turbines and generators. Examples of such devices are the many widespread hydroelectric systems currently in use. Such a system
The water pressure created by the construction of the dam is used to create a flow of water through a conduit within which the turbine is located. Such a system can be called "clean", but building dams can have a negative impact on the environment.

Another example of a source of “clean” energy is a wind farm or the like, which generates electricity by utilizing wind energy.

[0004] Environmental issues associated with fossil fuels are well known. The majority of environmentally friendly proposals for energy generation have been considered and studied.

[0005] For example, the sea has been thoroughly studied as a source of energy. Systems that use wave motion to generate energy have been well studied and many prototypes have been built.

[0006] As is known, velocity is an important factor in the calculation of energy. Energy of a moving object, is governed by the equation of ^{-E = 1/2 (mv 2} ), where is the velocity of E = energy m = object mass, and v = object.

As a corollary, an increase in the percentage of velocity will have a much greater effect than a similar percentage increase in mass.

[0008] The consequence of the above equation is that a slowly moving integral fluid requires a large and expensive prime mover to produce the required movement. In this way, a unitary fluid may be able to provide significant energy, but utilizing that energy is difficult and time consuming.

In order to generate an adequate supply of electricity to make the system profitable, the speed of the fluid flow must be fast enough to avoid the need to provide expensive and complex prime movers. Must. In order for the system to attract the required capital investment, it is essential that the system be commercially independent. The problem with currently known systems is that their cost is too high to justify an industrial realization. As a result, fossil fuels continue to rely on power generation.

[0010] This is evident in a variety of systems currently in use, and it is well known that it is difficult to obtain sufficiently fast fluid velocities in such systems.

It is therefore desirable to provide a means by which these disadvantages can be overcome without incurring excessive costs.

Thus, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of generating energy, the method comprising: providing an inlet of a conduit means upstream of an outlet of the conduit means. Placing the conduit means in the naturally occurring stream of fluid, wherein the constriction is defined between the inlet and the outlet such that the velocity of the fluid flow is accelerated through the constriction; Means for driving the energy transfer mechanism means with a suitable prime mover positioned within the defined waist, wherein the prime mover is configured to move in response to fluid flow through the waist.

[0013] The method includes disposing the conduit means in a naturally occurring fluid stream.
The conduit means may be supported by suitable support means located in the fluid stream. Alternatively, the conduit means may be suspended from a suitable structure.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of generating energy, the method comprising placing a passage between two naturally occurring fluids, the passage comprising an inlet, an outlet and an inlet. Defining an intermediate waist of the outlet and defining a pressure gradient such that the body fluid is generated through the conduit means by a flow velocity at which the fluid flow accelerates through the waist; and constricting the energy transfer mechanism means. Being driven by a suitable prime mover disposed therein, the prime mover being configured to move in response to fluid flow through the constriction.

The method may comprise providing a passage by placing conduit means between a body of naturally occurring fluid, the conduit means comprising an inlet, an outlet, and a constriction intermediate the inlet and the outlet. Is defined.

The method may include forming a path between the two body fluids and placing conduit means in the path.

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for generating energy,
The apparatus comprises: conduit means defining an inlet, an outlet, and a constriction intermediate the inlet and the outlet, the conduit means being configured to accelerate the velocity of flow through the conduit through the constriction; and an energy transfer mechanism. A prime mover disposed within the constriction for driving the means, the prime mover configured to move in response to a flow of fluid through the constriction.

It will be appreciated that velocity acceleration is governed by A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂ = A ₃ v ₃ . A ₁ = cross-section entrance area A ₂ = cross-section area at constriction A ₃ = cross-section exit area v ₁ = velocity at entrance v ₂ = velocity at constriction, and v ₃ = velocity at exit.

It will further be appreciated that the constriction must be continuous so that the flow through the conduit is substantially laminar. Turbulence inside the conduit upstream of the prime mover is undesirable. Thus, the geometry of the conduit means may be such that laminar flow through the conduit means is facilitated.

The conduit means may have a cross-section that decreases continuously along at least a portion of its entire length to any point intermediate the inlet and outlet, and that subsequently increases continuously away from said point. It may take the form of an elongated tubular member that defines an area passage.

At least a portion of the tubular member may be constricted to define a constriction. The waist may have a contour along a parabolic axis.

[0022] The conduit means may have two sets of opposing walls to define a rectangular transverse contour. At least one set of opposing walls may bend toward each other to define a constriction.

The prime mover may take the form of at least one set of blade members mounted on the shaft. Each blade member may be arranged and configured such that the shaft rotates as fluid passes through the passage. The or each set of blade members may be oriented to extend between one of the opposing sets of walls. The shaft and blade members may be arranged orthogonally with respect to the direction of flow through the conduit means. In this way, the direction of rotation of the shaft and blade member is orthogonal to the direction of flow.

Each blade member may be mounted on its respective axis via one or more arms extending radially from the axis.

Each blade member may be adjustably attached to its respective arm / arms such that the blade member can be adjusted to produce a maximum response to fluid flow through the conduit means.

[0026] The blade member and the or each axis may be oriented substantially vertically when the conduit means is in a operable position. Alternatively, the blade members, and the or each axis, may be oriented substantially horizontally when the conduit means is in a operable position.

[0027] The device may include an energy transfer mechanism connected to the or each shaft. The or each energy transfer mechanism means may include a generator for generating electricity.

A plurality of prime movers and corresponding generators may be mounted on the conduit means.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for generating energy, the apparatus comprising: conduit means defining an inlet and an outlet; and a set of blade members mounted on a shaft. Wherein each blade member is connected to the shaft and extends into the conduit means on a line substantially parallel to the drive shaft, the blade members cooperating to cause rotation of the shaft as fluid flows through the conduit means. And a blade member configured and directed with each other.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention there is provided a conduit for a moving fluid used in the generation of energy, the conduit being a passage defining member defining a passage having an inlet and an outlet, the passage defining member comprising: A passage defining member shaped between the inlet and the outlet to define a passage constriction.

The passage defining member may be shaped such that the cross-sectional area of the passage gradually and substantially continuously decreases from the entrance of the passage to a point halfway between the entrance and the exit of the passage. The passage from said point to the exit of the passage so that the constriction is defined between the entrance and the exit;
It may expand gradually and substantially continuously.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The generation of energy according to the present invention may appear in a wide variety of forms. Hereinafter, it will be convenient to describe some preferred embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The purpose of this particular description is to teach anyone interested in the subject matter of the invention how to carry out the invention. However, it should be clearly understood that the particular nature of this description does not replace the generality of the preceding broad description.

Various embodiments of the device described below are primarily for power generation. However,
It will be appreciated that the invention extends to any form of energy generation and that the use of electricity in the following examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

In the above figures, and particularly with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, reference 10 shows a first embodiment of a device, generally according to the invention, for generating energy.

Apparatus 10 includes conduit means in the form of conduit 12. Conduit 12 includes a set of opposing side walls 14, lower wall 16, and upper wall 18. The walls 14, 16, 18 define a passage 20 having an inlet 22 and an outlet 24.

The side walls 14 bend inward toward each other and define a waist 26 intermediate the inlet 22 and the outlet 24.

The edges 17 of the upper and lower walls 18, 16 are shaped to accommodate the curvature of each side wall 14. The curve of each side wall 14 is parabolic.

It will be appreciated that between the inlet 22 and the outlet 24, the cross-sectional area of the passage 20 gradually and continuously decreases until it reaches a certain point in the constriction 26. Thereafter, the cross-sectional area increases gradually and continuously. In this way, a relatively smooth transition occurs between inlet 22, constriction 26, and outlet 24.

In use, conduit 12 is positioned in a naturally occurring stream of water 28. Conduit 1
2 is arranged such that the inlet 22 is upstream of the outlet 30. Those having an understanding of fluid flow will understand that the speed of water accelerates at constriction 26. This is the result of the following simple equation: Q = A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂ = A ₃ v ₃ where Q = flow rate through conduit 12 A ₁ = cross-sectional area of inlet 22 A speed of a speed v ₂ = constriction 26 in the cross-sectional area a ₃ = the cross-sectional area v ₁ = inlet 22 of the outlet 24 at ₂ = waist 26, and v ₃ = the velocity at the exit 24.

Since A ₁ and A ₃ are both larger than A ₂ , v ₂ is proportionally larger than v ₁ and v ₃ .

The present invention takes advantage of this feature by placing a prime mover (described below) in or near the constriction 26. The prime mover is configured to be acted upon by water passing through conduit 12 to rotate at a speed proportional to the speed of the water in conduit 12.

The prime mover is located at the point where the velocity of the water in the conduit 12 is maximized. It is the basic rules of physics that speed is the most important factor in achieving the energy output of a system. This can be exploited by placing the prime mover in the constriction 26.

To utilize the energy generated by the rotating prime mover, a generator 30 is mounted to the upper wall 18 of the conduit 12. Apparatus 30 is mounted on top wall 18, shown schematically at 34, and houses generator housing 3 for housing the generator.
2 inclusive.

The generator 34 can take the form of any suitable generator and is adjusted to suit the application of the device 10. As can be seen in FIG. 2, a simple gearing, shown schematically at 36, can be used to connect the prime mover to the generator.

In FIG. 3, the turbine 38 is schematically illustrated. The turbine 38 includes a motor 40
including. The prime mover 40 includes a shaft 42 and three blade members or blades 44. Each blade 44 is spaced from axis 42 and is parallel to axis 42. The shaft 42 extends through the upper wall 18 and the lower end 47 is mounted on a bearing 46 of the lower wall 16. The power transmission end 48 of the shaft 42 has the gear 50 of the device 36 secured thereto. The gear 50 is linked to the generator 34.

Each blade 44 is connected to a shaft 42 via a set of spaced arms 52.
Attached to.

The prime mover 40 includes three blades 44.

The relative orientation of blade 44 and shaft 42 is shown in FIG. Each blade 44
Has a wing-shaped transverse shell. Further, each blade 44 is oriented with respect to its respective arm 52 such that as the water flows in the direction of arrow 54, the water acts on blade 44 to cause rotation of shaft 42 in the direction of arrow 56. This rotation is used to drive generator 34.

As seen in FIG. 7, the blades 44 are adjustably mounted on their respective arms 52. This is facilitated via the adjustment mechanism shown at 53. This allows the blade 44 to be adjusted as indicated by arrow 55 so that a maximum speed of rotation with respect to the flow speed can be obtained.

One method of mounting the device 10 in water is shown in FIG. In this example, the conduit 12
Is mounted on a concrete stand 58 which is fixed to a base 60 over which water flows.

FIG. 4 shows another way in which the conduit 12 can be supported. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the conduit 12 can be suspended from a stake 62 that is moved into the base 60.

It will be readily appreciated that any number of turbines 38 may be mounted in conduit 12.

A specific example is shown in FIG. 5, where a second turbine 66 is provided. The second turbine 66 is connected to the air compressor 64. Air compressor 64 helps provide a supply of compressed air that can be used to drive generator 34 during reduced flow through conduit 12.

In the above example, axis 42 was shown in a vertical orientation. One or more shafts 42
It will be appreciated that it can be easily mounted horizontally, depending on location and construction requirements. Examples of horizontally mounted shafts 42 are shown in FIGS. When the shaft 42 is in the horizontal position, the generator housing 32 and the generator 34 are only mounted on one of the side walls 14.

The conduit 12 can be provided with different proportions. Three possible shapes are shown in FIG. The shape chosen for conduit 12 will depend on the proposed location of conduit 12 and the state of water flow at that location. It will be appreciated that enlarging the inlet 22 increases the amount of water directed into the conduit 12. This may be useful in areas where the flow rate is high but the natural speed is low.

As can be seen in FIG. 11, for clarity, an additional panel 68, shown diagonally, includes a wall 14 such that the conduit 12 has four substantially flat sides 70.
, 16,18. In that case, it will be understood that a space is defined adjacent to each opposing side wall 14. This space can be used to house the power generator 30.

FIG. 12 shows a possible application of the device according to the invention for generating energy. As can be seen, the conduit 12 is arranged to cross the region 74 with integral water 74 on one side of the region 72 and integral water 78 on another side 80 of the region 72. The bodies of water 74, 78 are such that there is a pressure gradient between such bodies. As a result of this pressure gradient, water flow is set up between region 72 and additional region 82 on land. This pressure gradient is used to provide water flow through conduit 12 by arranging conduit 12 as shown in FIG. A plurality of turbines 38 are located within the constriction 26. A generator house 84 is disposed in the conduit 12 to accommodate the generator 34 corresponding to each turbine 38.

The conduit 12 is located in a groundwater channel shown schematically at 86 that extends from one side 76 to the other side 80.

It will be appreciated that the dimensions of the conduit 12 will depend on the size of the area 72 chosen for installation of the device of the present invention.

In FIG. 13, two devices, both according to the invention, for generating energy are illustrated, arranged in a naturally occurring stream of water, shown schematically at 88. . This flow of water 88 results from the large pressure gradient that exists between the two body waters 90 in fluid communication with each other via a naturally occurring channel 92. Each of the devices 10 is disposed within a channel 92 and is directed to utilize the flow present through the channel 92.

Applicants have determined that the present invention defines a pressure gradient or a naturally occurring flow of fluid,
It is thought to provide a means by which a naturally occurring body of water can be used to generate electricity. It is further stated that the present invention provides a means by which electricity can be generated in a profitable and self-sustaining manner.

In the non-limiting example shown above, the fluid in question takes the form of water. When encountering an area that separates two bodies of water that defines a pressure gradient, applicant simply sets up a stream of water that can be utilized to generate electricity, according to the present invention. Instead, the device of the present invention can only be used when a naturally occurring water stream already exists.

A relatively large entrance area helps to guide a sufficiently large integral water towards the constriction 26. This accelerated rate of integral water gives the invention the ability to generate electricity in a cost-effective and efficient manner.

The accelerated speed at the constriction 26 obviates the need for large and expensive prime movers. Alternatively, a smaller, simpler and more cost-effective prime mover / multiple prime mover can be used to generate more power than would be required by the prior art.

It will be appreciated that the foregoing has been set forth only by way of illustrative example of the invention, and that all such modifications and changes thereto, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art,
It will be appreciated that the broad scope and scope of the present invention as described herein.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of one embodiment of the device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional plan view obtained through the generator housing of the device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 schematically shows a turbine of a device according to the invention for generating electricity.

FIG. 4 shows an alternative method of supporting the device of FIG. 1 in a fluid stream.

FIG. 5 shows one possible embodiment of the device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a plan view of a prime mover of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of a part of a blade member of an apparatus and its corresponding arm according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 8 schematically shows a cut-away view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 9 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of the device of FIG.

FIG. 10 schematically shows three possible conduit shapes of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 11 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of a possible embodiment of a conduit according to the invention for a moving fluid used in the generation of energy.

FIG. 12 schematically shows a typical installation of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 13 schematically illustrates another exemplary installation of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

[Procedural Amendment] Submission of translation of Article 34 Amendment of the Patent Cooperation Treaty

[Submission date] December 15, 2000 (2000.15)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Contents of correction]

[Title of the Invention] Generation of energy by fluid

[Claims]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the generation of energy. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of generating energy and an apparatus for generating energy.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well known to use fluid flows to generate energy in the form of electricity via suitable turbines and generators. Examples of such devices are the many widespread hydroelectric systems currently in use. Such a system
The water pressure created by the construction of the dam is used to create a flow of water through a conduit within which the turbine is located. Such a system can be called "clean", but building dams can have a negative impact on the environment.

Another example of a source of “clean” energy is a wind farm or the like, which generates electricity by utilizing wind energy.

[0004] Environmental issues associated with fossil fuels are well known. The majority of environmentally friendly proposals for energy generation have been considered and studied.

[0005] For example, the sea has been thoroughly studied as a source of energy. Systems that use wave motion to generate energy have been well studied and many prototypes have been built.

[0006] As is known, velocity is an important factor in the calculation of energy. Energy of a moving object, is governed by the equation of ^{-E = 1/2 (mv 2} ), where is the velocity of E = energy m = object mass, and v = object.

As a corollary, an increase in the percentage of velocity will have a much greater effect than a similar percentage increase in mass.

[0008] The consequence of the above equation is that a slowly moving integral fluid requires a large and expensive prime mover to produce the required movement. In this way, a unitary fluid may be able to provide significant energy, but utilizing that energy is difficult and time consuming.

In order to generate an adequate supply of electricity to make the system profitable, the speed of the fluid flow must be fast enough to avoid the need to provide expensive and complex prime movers. Must. In order for the system to attract the required capital investment, it is essential that the system be commercially independent. The problem with currently known systems is that their cost is too high to justify an industrial realization. Further, it is well known that it is difficult to obtain sufficiently high fluid velocities in the various systems currently in use. As a result, fossil fuels continue to rely on power generation.

[0010] It would therefore be desirable to provide a means by which these disadvantages could be overcome or reduced without incurring excessive costs.

Thus, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of generating energy, the method comprising the steps of: providing an inlet of conduit means upstream of an outlet of conduit means. Arranging the conduit means in a naturally occurring fluid stream, said conduit means being symmetrical about a longitudinal axis, comprising two sets of top and bottom walls and opposing side walls. Opposing walls, the walls extending continuously between the inlet and the outlet, and at least one set of the opposing walls inwardly and symmetrically toward each other between the inlet and the outlet. Defining a waist between the inlet and outlet such that the speed of the fluid flow is bent and accelerated through the waist; and a suitable prime mover positioned within the waist defined by the conduit means so Means for driving the energy transfer mechanism means, wherein the prime mover is configured to move in response to fluid flow through the constriction.

[0012] The conduit means may be supported by suitable support means located in the fluid stream. Alternatively, the conduit means may be suspended from a suitable structure.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of generating energy, the method comprising providing a passage between two naturally occurring fluids, the passage having an inlet and an outlet, Defined by two sets of opposing side walls extending continuously between the inlet and the outlet;
A flow in which at least one set of the side walls is bent inwardly and symmetrically toward each other to define a waist intermediate the inlet and the outlet, wherein the fluid accelerates through the waist Defining a pressure gradient so as to occur through the passage by the speed of the energy transfer mechanism means driven by a suitable prime mover located in the constriction, the prime mover moving in response to the flow of fluid through the constriction And c. Being configured to:

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for generating energy,
The apparatus includes conduit means defining an inlet and an outlet, the conduit means having two sets of opposed side walls extending continuously between the inlet and the outlet, and at least one of the sets of side walls. Conduit means wherein the wall converges symmetrically toward each other between said inlet and said outlet, defining a waist midway between the inlet and the outlet, whereby the velocity of fluid flow through the conduit means is accelerated through the waist And a prime mover disposed in the constriction to drive the energy transfer mechanism means, the prime mover configured to move in response to fluid flow through the constriction.

It will be appreciated that velocity acceleration is governed by A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂ = A ₃ v ₃ . A ₁ = cross-section entrance area A ₂ = cross-section area at constriction A ₃ = cross-section exit area v ₁ = velocity at entrance v ₂ = velocity at constriction, and v ₃ = velocity at exit.

[0016] By forming a constriction between the walls that is continuous between the inlet and the outlet, the flow through the conduit remains substantially laminar. Turbulence in the conduit upstream of the prime mover is undesirable. The geometry of the conduit means is such that laminar flow through the conduit means is promoted.

[0017] The conduit means may have a cross-sectional area that decreases continuously along at least a portion of its entire length to any point intermediate the inlet and outlet, and subsequently expands continuously away from said point. It may take the form of an elongated tubular member that defines an area passage.

[0018] The conduit means may have two sets of opposing walls to define a rectangular transverse contour. At least one set of opposing walls may bend toward each other to define a constriction. At least one set of walls of the passage suitably has a contour along a parabolic axis to define a constriction.

The prime mover may take the form of at least one set of blade members mounted on the shaft. Each blade member may be arranged and configured such that the shaft rotates as fluid passes through the passage. The or each set of blade members may be oriented to extend between one of the opposing sets of walls. The shaft and blade members may be arranged orthogonally with respect to the direction of flow through the conduit means. In this way, the direction of rotation of the shaft and blade member is orthogonal to the direction of flow.

Each blade member may be mounted on its respective axis via one or more arms extending radially from the axis.

Each blade member may be adjustably mounted to its respective arm / arms such that the blade member can be adjusted to produce maximum response to fluid flow through the conduit means.

[0022] The blade members and the or each axis may be oriented substantially vertically when the conduit means is in a operable position. Alternatively, the blade members, and the or each axis, may be oriented substantially horizontally when the conduit means is in a operable position.

[0023] The device may include an energy transfer mechanism connected to the or each shaft. The or each energy transfer mechanism means may include a generator for generating electricity.

A set of blade members and a corresponding generator may be mounted on the conduit means.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention there is provided a conduit for a moving fluid used in the generation of energy, the conduit having an inlet and an outlet, and a waist intermediate the inlet and the outlet, wherein the conduit comprises Having two sets of opposing side walls that are symmetrical about a longitudinal axis and extend continuously between the inlet and the outlet, wherein the walls of one set of walls are such that the cross-sectional area of the conduit is equal to the inlet of the passage. Gradually and substantially continuously from
Symmetrically toward each other between the inlet and the outlet such that the flow increases from the waist to the outlet gradually and substantially continuously, thereby increasing the velocity of the fluid flow through the waist. Focus.

[0026] The sidewalls of the one set of sidewalls have a suitably inwardly directed curve and the walls of the other set of sidewalls are suitably substantially flat. Suitably, the curved wall defines a parabolic curve. Preferably, a panel is mounted or positioned adjacent to the one set of side walls to define a structure having flat sides.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The generation of energy according to the present invention may appear in a wide variety of forms. Hereinafter, it will be convenient to describe some preferred embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The purpose of this particular description is to teach anyone interested in the subject matter of the invention how to carry out the invention. However, it should be clearly understood that the particular nature of this description does not replace the generality of the preceding broad description.

Although the various embodiments of the device described below are primarily for power generation, the present invention may be extended to any form of energy generation.

Referring initially to FIGS. 1 and 2, an apparatus 10 for generating energy includes conduit means in the form of a conduit 12 that includes a set of opposed side walls 14, a lower wall 16 and an upper wall 18. Including. The walls 14, 16, 18 define a passage 20 having an inlet 22 and an outlet 24. The lower wall 16 and the upper wall 18 are flat.

The conduit 12 is symmetrical about a longitudinal axis, and the side wall 14 is continuous between the inlet 22 and the outlet 24, turns symmetrically inwardly toward each other, and the inlet 22 and the outlet 24. A constriction 26 is defined by the area of the smallest cross-section of the conduit 12 centrally located between. The wall 14 thus swells inside. Upper and lower flat walls 1
The edges 17 of 8 and 16 are shaped to correspond to the curvature of each side wall 14. The curve of each side wall 14 is preferably parabolic.

It will be appreciated that between the inlet 22 and the outlet 24, the cross-sectional area of the passage 20 decreases gradually and continuously until it reaches a certain point in the constriction 26. Thereafter, the cross-sectional area increases gradually and continuously. In this way, a relatively smooth transition occurs between inlet 22, constriction 26, and outlet 24. Further, the inlet 22 and the outlet 24 are substantially such that the conduit 12 is also symmetrical about a plane extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conduit at the constriction 26, as also evident in FIGS. Have the same cross section.

In use, the conduit 12 is located in a naturally occurring stream of water 28 such that the inlet 22 is located upstream of the outlet 30. Those having an understanding of fluid flow will understand that the speed of water accelerates at constriction 26. This is the result of the following simple equation: Q = A ₁ v ₁ = A ₂ v ₂ = A ₃ v ₃ where Q = flow rate through conduit 12 A ₁ = cross-sectional area of inlet 22 A speed of a speed v ₂ = constriction 26 in the cross-sectional area a ₃ = the cross-sectional area v ₁ = inlet 22 of the outlet 24 at ₂ = waist 26, and v ₃ = the velocity at the exit 24.

Since A ₁ and A ₃ are both larger than A ₂ , v ₂ is proportionally larger than v ₁ and v ₃ .

The present invention takes advantage of this feature by placing a prime mover (discussed below) in or near the constriction 26. The prime mover is configured to be acted upon by water passing through conduit 12 to rotate at a speed proportional to the speed of the water in conduit 12.

The prime mover is located at the point where the velocity of the water in the conduit 12 is maximized. It is the basic rules of physics that speed is the most important factor in achieving the energy output of a system. This can be exploited by placing the prime mover in the constriction 26.

To utilize the energy generated by the rotating prime mover, a generator 30 is mounted to the upper wall 18 of the conduit 12. Apparatus 30 is mounted on top wall 18, shown schematically at 34, and houses generator housing 3 for housing the generator.
2 inclusive.

The generator 34 can take the form of any suitable generator and is adjusted to suit the application of the device 10. As can be seen in FIG. 2, a simple gearing, shown schematically at 36, can be used to connect the prime mover to the generator.

In FIG. 3, the turbine 38 is schematically illustrated. The turbine 38 includes a motor 40
including. The prime mover 40 includes a shaft 42 and three blade members or blades 44. Each blade 44 is spaced from axis 42 and is parallel to axis 42. The shaft 42 extends through the upper wall 18 and the lower end 47 is mounted on a bearing 46 of the lower wall 16. The power transmission end 48 of the shaft 42 has the gear 50 of the device 36 secured thereto. The gear 50 is linked to the generator 34.

Each blade 44 is connected to a shaft 42 via a set of spaced arms 52.
Attached to.

The prime mover 40 includes three blades 44.

The relative orientation of blade 44 and shaft 42 is shown in FIG. Each blade 44
Has a wing-shaped transverse shell. Further, each blade 44 is oriented with respect to its respective arm 52 such that as the water flows in the direction of arrow 54, the water acts on blade 44 to cause rotation of shaft 42 in the direction of arrow 56. This rotation is used to drive generator 34.

As seen in FIG. 7, the blades 44 are adjustably mounted on their respective arms 52. This is facilitated via the adjustment mechanism shown at 53. This allows the blade 44 to be adjusted as indicated by arrow 55 so that a maximum speed of rotation with respect to the flow speed can be obtained.

One method of mounting the device 10 in water is shown in FIG. In this example, the conduit 12
Is mounted on a concrete stand 58 which is fixed to a base 60 over which water flows.

In FIG. 4, another way in which the conduit 12 is supported is shown. As can be seen in FIG. 4, the conduit 12 can be suspended from a stake 62 that is moved into the base 60.

It will be readily appreciated that any number of turbines 38 may be mounted in conduit 12.

A specific example is shown in FIG. 5, where a second turbine 66 is provided. The second turbine 66 is connected to the air compressor 64. Air compressor 64 helps provide a supply of compressed air that can be used to drive generator 34 during reduced flow through conduit 12.

In the above example, axis 42 was shown in a vertical orientation. One or more shafts 42
It will be appreciated that it can be easily mounted horizontally, depending on location and construction requirements. Examples of horizontally mounted shafts 42 are shown in FIGS. When the shaft 42 is in the horizontal position, the generator housing 32 and the generator 34 are only mounted on one of the side walls 14.

The conduit 12 can be provided with different proportions. Three possible shapes are shown in FIG. The shape chosen for conduit 12 will depend on the proposed location of conduit 12 and the state of water flow at that location. It will be appreciated that enlarging the inlet 22 increases the amount of water directed into the conduit 12. This may be useful in areas where the flow rate is high but the natural speed is low.

As can be seen in FIG. 11, for clarity, an additional panel 68, shown diagonally, includes a wall 14 such that the conduit 12 has four substantially flat sides 70.
, 16,18. In that case, it will be understood that a space is defined adjacent to each opposing side wall 14. This space can be used to house the power generator 30.

FIG. 12 shows a possible application of the device according to the invention for generating energy. As can be seen, the conduit 12 is arranged to cross the region 74 with integral water 74 on one side of the region 72 and integral water 78 on another side 80 of the region 72. The bodies of water 74, 78 are such that there is a pressure gradient between such bodies. As a result of this pressure gradient, water flow is set up between region 72 and additional region 82 on land. This pressure gradient is used to provide water flow through conduit 12 by arranging conduit 12 as shown in FIG. A plurality of turbines 38 are located within the constriction 26. A generator house 84 is disposed in the conduit 12 to accommodate the generator 34 corresponding to each turbine 38.

The conduit 12 is located in a groundwater channel shown schematically at 86 extending from one side 76 to the other side 80.

It will be appreciated that the dimensions of the conduit 12 will depend on the size of the area 72 selected for installation of the device of the present invention.

In FIG. 13, two devices, both according to the invention, for generating energy are illustrated, arranged in a naturally occurring stream of water, shown schematically at 88. . This flow of water 88 results from the large pressure gradient that exists between the two body waters 90 in fluid communication with each other via a naturally occurring channel 92. Each of the devices 10 is disposed within a channel 92 and is directed to utilize the flow present through the channel 92.

Applicants believe that the present invention defines a pressure gradient or a naturally occurring flow of fluid,
It is thought to provide a means by which a naturally occurring body of water can be used to generate electricity. It is further stated that the present invention provides a means by which electricity can be generated in a profitable and self-sustaining manner.

In the non-limiting example shown above, the fluid in question takes the form of water. When encountering an area that separates two bodies of water that defines a pressure gradient, applicant simply sets up a stream of water that can be utilized to generate electricity, according to the present invention. Instead, the device of the present invention can only be used when a naturally occurring water stream already exists.

The relatively large entrance area helps to guide a sufficiently large integral water towards the constriction 26. This accelerated rate of integral water gives the invention the ability to generate electricity in a cost-effective and efficient manner.

The accelerated speed at constriction 26 obviates the need for large and expensive prime movers. Alternatively, a smaller, simpler and more cost-effective prime mover / multiple prime mover can be used to generate more power than would be required by the prior art.

It will be appreciated that the foregoing is shown only by way of illustrative example of the invention, and that all such modifications and variations thereto, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art,
It will be appreciated that the broad scope and scope of the present invention as described herein.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of one embodiment of the device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a cross-sectional plan view obtained through the generator housing of the device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 schematically shows a turbine of a device according to the invention for generating electricity.

FIG. 4 shows an alternative method of supporting the device of FIG. 1 in a fluid stream.

FIG. 5 shows one possible embodiment of the device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 6 schematically shows a plan view of a prime mover of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 7 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of a part of a blade member of an apparatus and its corresponding arm according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 8 schematically shows a cut-away view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 9 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of the device of FIG.

FIG. 10 schematically shows three possible conduit shapes of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 11 schematically shows a three-dimensional view of a possible embodiment of a conduit according to the invention for a moving fluid used in the generation of energy.

FIG. 12 schematically shows a typical installation of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

FIG. 13 schematically illustrates another exemplary installation of a device according to the invention for generating energy.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (81) Designated country EP (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE ), OA (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AP (GH, GM, KE, LS, MW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZW), EA (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), AE, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, EE, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR, HU, ID , IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VN, YU, ZA, ZW (72 Hill, Craig, Colin Australia 4221 Queensland, Palm Beach, View Court 7F term (reference) 3H072 AA13 AA21 AA26 AA27 BB08 CC01 CC05 CC06 CC08 CC11 CC31 CC42 CC71 3H074 AA08 AA10 AA12 BB10 CC11 CC28 CC31

Claims (39)

[Claims] 1. A method for generating energy, comprising placing conduit means in a naturally occurring stream of fluid such that an inlet of the conduit means is upstream of an outlet of the conduit means, wherein the constriction is reduced. Defining a step between the inlet and the outlet such that the velocity of the fluid flow is accelerated through the constriction; and providing the energy transfer mechanism means with a suitable motor disposed within the constriction defined by the conduit means. Driving and the prime mover configured to move in response to fluid flow through the constriction. 2. The method of claim 1, including placing the conduit means in a naturally occurring fluid stream. 3. The method of claim 2 including supporting the conduit means on suitable support means disposed in the fluid stream. 4. The method of claim 2, including suspending the conduit means from a suitable structure.
The method described in. 5. A method for generating energy, comprising providing a passage between two naturally occurring fluids, the passage defining an inlet, an outlet, and a waist intermediate the inlet and the outlet, Defining a pressure gradient such that a body of fluid is generated through the passage at a velocity of the fluid that accelerates the flow of fluid through the constriction; and Driving, wherein the prime mover is configured to move in response to fluid flow through the constriction. 6. A method for providing a passage by placing conduit means between two naturally occurring fluids, the conduit means defining an inlet, an outlet and a waist intermediate the inlet and the outlet. A method as claimed in claim 5. 7. The method of claim 6, comprising forming a passage between the two fluids and placing conduit means in the passage. 8. A method for providing a source of energy, comprising forming a passage between two naturally occurring fluids, wherein the body of the fluid is pressure ramped such that fluid flow occurs through the passage. And the step of defining. 9. The method of claim 8, comprising placing at least one prime mover in the passage to drive the energy transfer mechanism means. 10. A method comprising the steps of: positioning a conduit means in a passageway, the conduit means having an inlet and an outlet, wherein the constriction is adapted to accelerate fluid flow through the constriction. 10. A method according to claim 8 or claim 9, defined between. 11. An apparatus for generating energy, the apparatus comprising: conduit means defining an inlet, an outlet, and a constriction intermediate the inlet and the outlet, wherein the velocity of the flow through the conduit is through the constriction. Conduit means configured to accelerate and accelerate; and a prime mover disposed within the constriction for driving the energy transfer mechanism means, the prime mover configured to move in response to a flow of fluid through the constriction. When,
Equipment including. 12. The conduit means having a continuously decreasing cross-sectional area along at least a portion of its entire length to any point intermediate the inlet and outlet and a cross-sectional area subsequently increasing away from said point. 2. The device of claim 1, in the form of an elongate tubular member defining a passage.
An apparatus according to claim 1. 13. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein at least a portion of the tubular member is constricted to define a constriction. 14. The device according to claim 11, wherein the constriction has a contour along a radial axis. 15. Apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the conduit means has two sets of opposing walls to define a rectangular transverse contour. 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein at least one pair of opposing walls bend toward each other to define a constriction. 17. The motor may take the form of at least one set of blade members mounted on the shaft, each blade member being configured and arranged to rotate the shaft as fluid passes through the passage. Item 17. The apparatus according to Item 15 or 16. 18. The or each set of blade members is oriented to extend between one of a set of opposing walls, the shaft and the blade member being positioned relative to the axis of rotation and the direction of flow of the blade member. 18. Apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the apparatus is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the direction of flow through the conduit means. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein each blade member is mounted on its respective axis via one or more arms extending radially from the axis. 20. Each blade member is adjustably mounted on its respective arm / arms such that the blade member can be adjusted to produce a maximum response to fluid flow through the conduit means. 20. The device of claim 19. 21. Apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the blade member and the or each axis are oriented substantially vertically when the conduit means is in a operable position. 22. Apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the blade member and the or each axis are oriented substantially horizontally when the conduit means is in a operable position. 23. An energy transfer mechanism coupled to the or each axis.
Apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 22. 24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the or each energy transfer mechanism means includes a generator for generating electricity. 25. Apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 24, wherein a plurality of prime movers and corresponding generators are mounted on conduit means. 26. An apparatus for generating energy, the conduit means defining an inlet and an outlet, at least one turbine mounted on the conduit means, each turbine mounted on a shaft. A set of blade members, each blade member being connected to an axis and extending into the conduit means in a line substantially parallel to the axis, wherein the blade members are adapted to flow fluid through the conduit means. A blade member configured and directed with respect to each other so as to cooperate to cause rotation of the shaft. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the conduit means defines a waist intermediate the inlet and the outlet, and wherein the conduit means is shaped such that the velocity of flow through the conduit is accelerated through the waist. 28. A prime mover for utilizing energy from a fluid flow, comprising: a shaft rotatably mounted on a base structure; and a shaft mounted on and spaced from the shaft, wherein the shaft substantially comprises A number of elongated blade members that are substantially parallel, the blade members being configured and directed such that a fluid flow substantially orthogonal to the axis acts on the blade members to cause rotation of the axis; Including prime movers. 29. The prime mover of claim 28, wherein each blade member is mounted on the shaft via one or more radially extending arms. 30. The prime mover of claim 29, wherein each blade member is adjustably mounted to the arm / arms. 31. A conduit for a moving fluid used in the generation of energy, the passage defining member defining a passage having an inlet and an outlet, and a constriction intermediate the inlet and the outlet, the fluid flow comprising: A passage defining member configured to accelerate the velocity of the passage through the constriction. 32. The passage defining member may be configured such that the cross-sectional area of the passage decreases gradually and substantially continuously from the entrance of the passage to a point intermediate the entrance and the exit of the passage, and the exit of the passage from said point. 32. The conduit of claim 31, wherein the conduit is shaped to increase gradually and substantially continuously. 33. A passage defining member having two sets of opposing walls, one set of walls being bent inward toward one another to define a constriction, and the remaining two sets comprising:
33. The conduit of claim 32, having an edge corresponding to the curvature of the set of opposing walls. 34. The conduit of claim 33, wherein each of the curved walls defines a parabolic curve. 35. The conduit of claim 33 or claim 34, wherein an additional panel is mounted on the passage defining member to define a structure having flat sides. 36. A new method of generating energy substantially as described herein. 37. A novel device for generating energy substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 38. A novel prime mover for utilizing energy from a fluid stream substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. 39. A novel conduit for a moving fluid used in the generation of energy substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.