JP2002530484A - Ultrasonic cleaning composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultrasonic cleaning composition, or UCC, wherein the composition comprises from about 0.001% to about 99%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 90%, by weight of the composition. Preferably, the composition comprises about 0.1 to about 80% by weight, more preferably about 0.5 to about 75% by weight, of an ultrasonic cleaner, wherein the composition is low foaming and has an interfacial tension of about 10 mNm ^{- 1} ~ about 0.0001 mNm ^-1, preferably about 1 mNm ^-1 ~ about 0.0001 mNm ^{- 1,} more preferably about 1 mNm ^-1 ~ about 0.001 mNm ^-1, defoaming Substantially free of agents.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a new class of cleaning compositions specially formulated for use in ultrasonic cleaning equipment.

BACKGROUND ultrasonic cleaning of the invention is a well-known cleaning method in this industry. For example, ultrasonic cleaning is used to clean electronic components after or during immersion in a cleaning solution, such as an azeotropic mixture of fluorinated hydrocarbons. Ultrasonic cleaning is also used at home on a small scale for oral hygiene, as in ultrasonic toothbrushes. However, ultrasonic cleaning is not well accepted at home except for this limited use.

[0003] Although there are limited-use home ultrasonic devices, they are specifically formulated for use in ultrasonic generators for cleaning everyday items such as dishes, dishes, sinks, tables, or fabrics. There is no cleaning formulation. When a manual dishwashing composition, or LDL, is used with an ultrasonic device, excess air bubbles are formed which interfere with or reduce the surface activity of LDL. Today, consumers cannot use LDL with highly preferred enzymes for any cleaning application. Furthermore, LDL available to consumers today is pH
The near neutrality and lack of a powerful builder, combined seriously with the other problems above, have reduced the current utility of LDL for ultrasound applications. Alternatively, the use of an automatic dishwashing composition (ADW composition) while avoiding excessive foaming, which is an unavoidable problem when using LDL with ultrasound, is a consequence of the caustic nature of ADW, which is typically at pH 9 or higher. Therefore, it is impossible and unsuitable for use other than in a dishwasher. Furthermore, ADW compositions have a low surfactant content, typically no more than about 1% surfactant, and poor or low solubility.

[0004] Accordingly, there is a need for an ultrasonic cleaning composition that combines the advantageous properties of LDL and ADW compositions, and does not include both disadvantages, and that can be used in all home ultrasonic cleaning applications.

BACKGROUND ART US Pat. Nos. 5,464,477, 5,529,788, 4,308,
No. 229, No. 4,448,750, International Patent No. WO94 / 07789, W No.
O97 / 16263, WO94 / 23852, WO93 / 06947, British Patent 2,204,321, European Patent 258,819, German Patent 4,100,682, Japanese Patent Application No. 10036892, 081
No. 57888.

[0006] Summary of the invention Surprisingly, the combination of advantages of LDL and ADW composition, disadvantages of these respective compositions without ultrasonic cleaning composition has been found. These compositions are:
It is suitable for all household uses where the ultrasonic cleaning device can be used.

[0007] The ultrasonic cleaning composition of the present invention, or UCC, comprises from about 0.001 to about 9 parts of the composition.
9% by weight, preferably about 0.01 to about 90% by weight, more preferably about 0.1 to about 80% by weight, even more preferably about 0.5 to about 75% by weight of ultrasonic cleaner. The composition is low foaming and has an interfacial tension of about 10 mNm ^-1 to about 0.00 mNm ^-1.
01 mNm ^-1 , preferably from about 1 mNm ^-1 to about 0.0001 mNm ^-1 , more preferably from about 1 mNm ^-1 to about 0.001 mNm ^-1 and substantially free of an antifoaming agent.

[0008] As used herein, "ultrasonic" refers to mechanical pressure or stress waves that can propagate through any material medium, and the frequency spectrum of these waves ranges from a few cycles per second (Hz) to a few Can fluctuate at one billion Hz.

[0009] The use of this composition in conjunction with a source of ultrasonic energy allows the use of dyes or dyes without the use of excessive force, friction, pressure or other operations that cause abrasion or tearing of soiled materials or surfaces. Stubborn dirt can be removed. In doing this, it is even more convenient for the user, since the user does not need to apply such manual energy to remove the dye. The invention also includes a method for removing such stains and stains from the local area to be cleaned or the entire product.

[0010] The present application cleans dishes and hard surfaces by applying an undiluted composition or an aqueous solution thereof to dirt or dye to be removed from the surface and applying ultrasonic waves to the dirt or dye. Methods are also included. Further, the present application also includes a method of cleaning dishes by contacting the dishes with the aqueous solution, for example, by immersing the dishes in an aqueous solution, and then applying ultrasonic waves to the soiled dishes. Preferably, the surface is a hard surface. "Hard surface" is any surface traditionally considered hard,
Dishes, such as dishes, glasses, knives, pots and breads, and also includes other surfaces, such as kitchen counter tops, sinks, glass, windows, enamel surfaces, metal surfaces, tiles, bathtubs, floors, etc. It is. More preferably, the hard surface is tableware.

[0011] All percentages and ratios used herein are expressed as weight percent unless otherwise indicated. All cited documents are relevant and are hereby incorporated by reference.

[0012] As the detailed description above invention, ultrasonic cleaning composition of the present invention or UCC, is about 0.0 of the composition
01 to about 99% by weight, preferably about 0.01 to about 90% by weight, more preferably about 0.1 to about 80% by weight, even more preferably about 0.5 to about 75% by weight of the ultrasonic cleaner Wherein the composition is low foaming and has an interfacial tension of about 10 mNm ^-1 to
About 0.0001 mNm ^-1 , preferably about 1 mNm ^-1 to about 0.0001 mNm ^-1 ,
More preferably, it is from about 1 mNm ^-1 to about 0.001 mNm ^-1 and is substantially free of an antifoaming agent.

[0013] Substantially free of antifoam means that the formulator does not add an antifoam. By defoamer is meant a silicone defoamer and a fatty acid defoamer. However, traces of materials present as impurities, such as less than 0.5%, preferably less than 0.1%, most preferably about 0%, are acceptable for the compositions of the present invention. However, it is most preferred that the compositions of the present invention contain no antifoam, ie, 0%, whether added by the formulator or present as an impurity.

[0014] The ultrasonic cleaning composition comprises an ultrasonic cleaning agent. The ultrasonic cleaners are all suitable cleaners for use in ultrasonic cleaning, i.e., these ultrasonic cleaners are used in an ultrasonic cleaning composition with physical properties other than the essential parameters of the composition. Do not change the characteristics. Certain suitable ultrasonic cleaners are builders, surfactants, enzymes, bleach activators, bactericides, bleach catalysts, bleach enhancers, bleach, alkalinity sources, colorants, perfumes, lime soap dispersions. Agents, polymeric dye transfer inhibitors, crystal growth inhibitors, photobleaches, heavy metal ion sequestering agents, anti-fogging agents, antibacterial agents, antioxidants, anti-redeposition agents, soil release polymers, electrolytes, pH adjusters , Thickeners, abrasives, divalent metal ions, metal ion salts, enzyme stabilizers, corrosion inhibitors, diamines, foam stabilizing polymers, solvents, processing aids, fabric softeners, optical brighteners, hydro And tropic agents, and mixtures thereof.

The ultrasonic cleaning composition of the present invention has low foaming properties. That is, the composition is formulated such that when ultrasonic waves or energy is applied to the undiluted composition or an aqueous solution thereof, the bubbles generated do not interfere with the cleaning. The ultrasonic cleaning composition of the present invention preferably has a foam height of less than about 80 mm, more preferably less than 50 mm in the foam cylinder test described below.

The following tests and other similar tests are used to evaluate the suitability of the formulations described herein. A 2L graduated cylinder made of polyethylene is used for about 500 to about 20
Fill up to 1 liter with a water (water = 7gren) solution comprising 2,000 ppm of the liquid detergent composition of the present invention. Stir the solution first, then add oily dirt in small portions,
Stir after each addition. The foam volume can be easily measured by using the free volume of the 2L cylinder as a guide.

The composition of the present invention may be in any suitable form, such as a liquid, tablet, paste, gel, aerosol or microemulsion.

[0018] Within the scope of the present invention is a method of cleaning dishes, wherein the soiled dishes that need to be washed are contacted with an aqueous solution of an ultrasonic cleaning composition as defined above, and then the soiled dishes are washed. A method comprising applying ultrasonic waves to tableware. The present invention includes, within its scope, a method of removing stubborn food stains from hard surfaces, wherein the stains are contacted with an aqueous or undiluted solution of an ultrasonic cleaning composition, and then the ultrasound is applied to the stains. As well as methods comprising the act of

The source of supersonic or acoustic energy or waves may be obtained from any suitable source. A variety of acoustic or super acoustic sources can be used in the present invention, including, but not limited to, an acoustic cleaning bath typically used for cleaning jewelry, and an acoustic toothbrush for cleaning teeth. Absent. This can be a basin or sink, such as a Branson Ultrasonic Bath, a normal sink or an ultrasound drop into the basin.
"Ball", e.g., Sonic Wash Ball by "D & P Wash Machine", including baskets or racks containing the items to be washed and then placed in a conventional sink or basin. Alternatively, the source of ultrasonic energy is a modified ultrasonic toothbrush, such as Te
It can also be formed using ldyne Water Pik model SR-400R. In one preferred embodiment, the acoustic or supersonic source is a hand-held vibrating ultrasonic device with a cleaning head at the end of the device. In another preferred embodiment, in an ultrasonic cleaning product, a cleaning composition and an acoustic or ultrasonic source are included together in a device, the device providing an appropriate amount of cleaning to the hard surface that needs to be cleaned. The composition is provided and at the same time sonic or ultrasonic waves are applied thereto.

In one aspect of the invention, the acoustic mechanism that generates the sound or ultrasonic waves is typically P
It is made from a piezoceramic element called ZT, and an acoustic amplifier typically called an acoustic horn or transducer or sonotrode. The entire acoustic mechanism operates at a specific frequency and power and is designed to provide a predetermined amplitude at the end or tip of the sonotrode. The combination of sonotrode design, amplitude, frequency and power determines cleaning efficiency. Further, not all of the parameters are independently selected.

With respect to the design of the sonotrode, a variety of different shapes improve the cleaning properties. One particular embodiment uses a "only" design, where the sonotrode is tapered at the end that contacts or approaches the dye / soil to be removed. Typically, the width of a sonotrode is much smaller than its length. For example,
The sonotrode may have a width of 0.05-5 mm and a length of 10-50 mm. In one embodiment, cleaning is improved if the sonotrode is designed to provide equal amplitude across the sonotrode blade. However, there are other embodiments where a locally higher amplitude is preferred. In one embodiment, surprisingly, 50 kHz
It has been found that a "only" shaped sonotrode blade operating at 30 watts and 40 microns gives very good cleaning properties.

In another embodiment, it has surprisingly been found that a “disk-shaped” or circular sonotrode design provides very good cleaning properties. In this sonotrode embodiment, the disc radius is typically 10 to about 100 mm. further,
Sonotrodes can give the dye / soil to be washed a more three-dimensional appearance. The sonotrode can be hemispherical or disk shaped with undulations or depressions on the surface. In another embodiment, the sonotrode may be rectangular, oval, triangular. For ergonomic considerations, the edge of the sonotrode is preferably rounded. Each of these various embodiments provides unique cleaning properties. further,
To obtain the desired cleaning properties, the mass of the sonotrode is important. Surprisingly, it has been found that the weight of the sonotrode must be between 20 and 500 grams.

In addition, the material of the sonotrode is selected to have the desired acoustic properties and to be compatible with the chemicals used in cleaning applications. Suitable materials include titanium, aluminum and steel, preferably hardened steel. Although less preferred, aluminum is a material that can be used for bleach and detergents that are substantially free of alkalinity substances.

In another aspect of the invention, the acoustic mechanism, particularly the sonotrode, may be encased, wrapped with, or proximate to, an auxiliary material that assists the cleaning process. These materials include, but are not limited to, sponges, polishing pads, steel wool pads, high friction nonwovens, and absorbent natural and synthetic materials. These auxiliary materials aid in cleaning by removing loose stains and stains by the action of ultrasound and chemicals, and / or absorb residual stains, and / or contact the cleaning solution with ultrasonic energy. Can be held in close proximity to dyes or stains. If desired, these auxiliary pads can be removed and / or
Or can be discarded.

Another usable ultrasound generator is US Patent Application No. 60 / 180,6, pending.
No. 29, agent document number 7341, filed on November 16, 1998.

[0026] The transducer means may have a frequency between about 100 Hz to about 20,000 kHz, more preferably about 100 Hz.
To about 10,000 kHz, more preferably from about 150 Hz to about 2000 kHz, more preferably from about 150 Hz to about 1,000 kHz, more preferably from about 150 Hz to about 100 k.
Vibrating at a frequency of from about 200 Hz to about 50 kHz. The average frequency is preferably between about 1000 Hz and about 100 kHz, more preferably between about 10,000 and about 100 kHz.
00 Hz to about 70 kHz. Also, the output of the device is preferably at least about 0.02 watts / cm ² , more preferably at least about 0.05 watts / cm ² , even more preferably at least about 0.07 watts / cm ² , per unit surface area of the cleaning head. cm ^2, more preferably at least about 0.08 watts / cm ^2.

[0027] Typical processing times are from about 1 second to about 5 minutes, more typically from about 20 seconds to about 2 minutes.
Minutes, most typically from about 30 seconds to 1 minute, but the processing time depends on the degree of dyeing or the stubbornness of the stain. The ultrasonic source device may be a vibrating ultrasonic generator, a torsional ultrasonic generator, or an axial ultrasonic generator, but the dye on the fabric is actually washed regardless of the mechanism that generates the supersonic shock wave. It is the shock waves generated by these ultrasonic sources that make or relax. The ultrasonic generator may be battery operated or powered.

Ultrasonic cleaners The compositions of the present invention may assist or enhance cleaning performance, treatment of substrates to be cleaned,
Alternatively, one or more ultrasonic cleaners (eg, fragrances, colorants, dyes, etc.) are included to improve the aesthetics of the detergent composition. The following is an example of such an auxiliary material.

Builders for Detergents The present invention can include optional builders in the product composition. The amount of detergent salt / builder can vary widely depending on the end use of the composition and its desired physical form. When present, the composition typically comprises at least about 1%, more typically about 10% to about 80%, even more typically about 15% to about 50%, by weight, of detergent builders. It becomes. But lower,
Or higher levels are not excluded.

Inorganic or P-containing detergent builders include alkali metal, ammonium and alkanol ammonium polyphosphates (eg, tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates, and glassy polymeric metaphosphates), phosphonates, phytic acid , Silicates, carbonates (including bicarbonates and sesquicarbonates), sulfates and aluminosilicates. However, in some areas non-phosphate builders are needed. What is important is that in the presence of so-called "weak" builders (compared to phosphates), such as citric acid, or in so-called "low builders" situations, which can occur with zeolites or layered silicate builders. However, the compositions of the present invention function surprisingly effectively.

Examples of silicate builders are alkali metal silicates, in particular those having a SiO 2: Na 2 O ratio of 1.6: 1 to 3.2: 1, and layered silicates, such as the United States Patent No. 4,664,839, May 12, 1987 HP Rieck
And layered sodium silicate as described in US Pat. NaSKS-6
Is the trade name of a crystalline layered silicate commercially available from Hoechst (herein generally abbreviated "SKS-6"). Unlike zeolite builder, NaSKS-
Hexasilicate builder does not contain aluminum. NaSKS-6 has the delta-Na2SiO5 form of the layered silicate. This product is a German patent DE-A-
It is prepared by a method as described in 3,417,649 and DE-A-3,742,043. SKS-6 is a highly preferred layered silicate for use herein, but other such layered silicates such as the general formula NaMSixO2x + 1.yH2O, where M is sodium or hydrogen Yes, x is a number from 1.9 to 4, preferably 2, and y is a number from 0 to 20, preferably 0). Various other layered silicates available from Hoechst include NaSKS-5, NaSKS in alpha, beta and gamma form.
-7 and NaSKS-11. As noted above, delta-Na2SiO5 (NaSKS-6 form) is most preferred for use herein. Other silicates, such as magnesium silicate, are also useful and crushing agents in granular formulations.
ent), as a stabilizer for oxygen bleaches, and as a component of foam control systems.

Examples of carbonates are described in German Patent Application No. 2,321,001, Nov. 1973
Alkaline earths and alkali metal carbonates, as described on March 15, published.

In the present invention, an aluminosilicate builder can also be added as a detergent salt. Aluminosilicate builders are very important in most heavy duty granular detergent compositions currently on the market. Aluminosilicate builders include substances having the following empirical formula:

M _z (zAlO ₂ ) _y ] · xH ₂ O wherein z and y are integers of at least 6, and the molar ratio of z to y is from 1.0 to about 0.
. 5 and x is an integer from about 15 to about 264.

Useful aluminosilicate ion exchange materials are commercially available. These aluminosilicates are crystalline or amorphous in structure and may be natural aluminosilicates or synthetic. A method for producing an aluminosilicate ion exchange material is disclosed in U.S. Pat.
985,669, Krummel et al., Promulgated October 12, 1976. Preferred synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate ion exchange materials useful herein are commercially available under the names zeolite A, zeolite P (B), zeolite MAP and zeolite X. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the crystalline aluminosilicate ion exchange material has the formula:

Na ₁₂ [(AlO ₂ ) ₁₂ (SiO ₂ ) ₁₂ ] .xH ₂ O In the formula, x is about 20 to about 30, especially about 27. This material is called zeolite A. Here, dehydrated zeolite (x = 0 to 10) can also be used. Preferably, the aluminosilicate has a particle diameter of about 0.1 to 10 microns.

[0037] Organic detergent builders useful for the purposes of the present invention include, but are not limited to, a wide variety of polycarboxylate compounds. As used herein, "polycarboxylate" refers to a compound having multiple carboxylate groups, preferably at least three carboxylate groups. The polycarboxylate builder can generally be added to the composition in the form of an acid, but can also be added in the form of a neutralized salt. When used in salt form, preference is given to salts of the alkali metals, for example sodium, potassium and lithium, or alkanolammonium.

There are various types of useful materials for polycarboxylate builders. An important class of polycarboxylate builders is Berg, US Pat. No. 3,128,28.
No. 7, issued on April 7, 1964, and Lambertiet al. U.S. Pat.
Oxydisuccinates as described in US Pat. No. 635,830, issued Jan. 18, 1972. See also the "TMS / TDS" builder in U.S. Patent No. 4,663,071, issued May 5, 1987 to Bush et al. Suitable ether polycarboxylates include cyclic compounds, especially alicyclic compounds, such as U.S. Patent Nos. 3,923,679, 3,835,163, 4,158,635.
Nos. 4,120,874 and 4,102,903.

Other useful detergent builders include ether hydroxy polycarboxylates, copolymers of maleic anhydride and ethylene or vinyl methyl ether, 1,3,5-
Various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of trihydroxybenzene-2,4,6-trisulfonic acid and carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, polyacetic acids such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid, and polycarboxylates such as melitite Acid, succinic acid, oxydisuccinic acid,
There are polymaleic acid, benzene 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, and their soluble salts.

Citrate builders, such as citric acid and its soluble salts, especially the sodium salt, are particularly important polycarboxylate builders. Oxydisuccinates are also particularly useful in such compositions and combinations.

The detergent composition of the present invention includes US Pat. No. 4,566,984, Bush,
Also suitable are the 3,3-dicarboxy-4-oxa-1,6-hexanedioates and related compounds described on Jan. 28, 986. Useful succinic acid builders include C5 -C20 alkyl and alkenyl succinic acids and their salts. A particularly preferred compound of this type is dodecenyl succinic acid. Specific examples of the succinate builder include lauryl succinate, myristyl succinate, palmityl succinate, 2-dodecenyl succinate (preferred), and 2-succinic acid succinate.
Pentadecenyl, and the like. Lauryl succinate is a preferred builder of this type and is described in European Patent Application No. 86200600.5 / 0,200,263 published November 5, 1986.

Other suitable polycarboxylates are described in US Pat. No. 4,144,226, Crutchfield et al., Issued on Mar. 13, 1979, and US Pat.
No. 8,067, Diehl, promulgated March 7, 1967. Di
See also ehl U.S. Pat. No. 3,723,322.

Fatty acids, such as C12-C18 monocarboxylic acids, may also be incorporated into the composition, alone or in combination with the above builders, especially citrate and / or succinate builders, to enhance builder activity. it can. The use of such fatty acids generally results in reduced effervescence and the formulator should take this into account.

Surfactant The composition of the present invention can include a surfactant as an ultrasonic cleaner. Surfactants can make up from about 0.01 to about 99.9% by weight of the composition, depending on the particular surfactant used and the desired effect. A more typical amount is from about 0.1 to about 80%, more preferably from about 0.5 to about 60% by weight of the composition. Examples of suitable surfactants are all McCutcheon's EMULSI, incorporated herein by reference.
FIERS AND DETERGENTS, North American Edition, 1997, McCutcheon Division,
MC Publishing Company, U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, Dec. 30, 1975, Laughlin et al., And U.S. Pat. No. 4,259,217, Mar. 31, 1981, Murphy, Series "Surfactant Science", Marcel D
ekker, Inc., New York and Basel, "Handbook of Surfactants", MR Porter,
Chapman and Hall, 2nd Ed., 1994, `` Surfactants in Consumer Products '', Ed
J. Falbe, Springer-Verlag, 1987 and "Surface Active Agents and Deterg
ents "(Vol. I and II, Schwartz, Perry and Berch).

The detersive surfactant may be non-ionic, anionic, amphoteric, zwitterionic, or cationic. Mixtures of these surfactants can also be used. Preferred detergent compositions comprise an anionic detersive surfactant or a mixture of an anionic surfactant and another surfactant, in particular a nonionic and / or amphoteric surfactant.

Examples of useful surfactants herein include the usual C 11 -C 18 alkyl benzene sulfonates and primary, secondary and random alkyl sulfates, C 10 -C 18
Alkyl alkoxy sulfates, C10-C18 alkyl polyglycosides and their corresponding sulfated polyglycosides, C12-C18 alpha-sulfonated fatty acid esters, C12-C18 alkyl and alkylphenol alkoxylates (especially ethoxylates and mixed ethoxy / propoxy), C12 ~C18 betaines and sulfobetaines ( "sultaines"), C10 -C18 amine _oxides, and branched C 6 _{-C 1 8,} or linear alkyl sulfates _and branched C 6 _{-C 18,}
Or linear alkylbenzene sulphonate, branched or linear alkyl alkoxy sulfates, the C ₆ -C _18, and mixtures thereof, there are equal,
It is not limited to these. Other commonly useful surfactants are listed in standard textbooks.

Anionic surfactants The anionic surfactants useful in the present invention are preferably linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl ester sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl alkoxy sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alkyl alkoxy carboxylates, alkyl alkoxylated sulfates, sarcosinates, taurinates, and mixtures thereof, more preferably the branched C ₆ -C ₁₈ or linear alkyl sulfates, and branched C ₆ -C _18, or linear Alkyl benzene sulfonates, C ₆ -C ₁₈ branched or linear alkyl alkoxy sulfates,
And mixtures thereof. The compositions of the present invention contain an effective amount, typically from about 0.5 to about 90% by weight, preferably from about 5 to about 60% by weight, more preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight of an anion. A system cleaning surfactant can be used.

[0048] Alkyl sulfate surfactants are another class of anionic surfactants of interest for use herein. When used in combination with polyhydroxyfatty acid amides (see below), alkyl sulfates, in addition to excellent overall cleaning performance, including good grease / oil cleaning properties, cleaning solution concentrations, and cleaning times over a wide range of temperatures Dissolution as well as the formulation properties in liquid detergent formulations are improved. Alkyl sulfates are water soluble salts or acids of the formula ROSO ₃ M, wherein, R _{C 1} 0 _{-C 24} hydrocarbyl, preferably an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having a _C 10 _{-C 20} alkyl component, more preferably _{C 12} a -C ₁₈ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, M is H or a cation, such as alkali (IA group)
Metal cations (e.g., sodium, potassium, lithium), substituted or unsubstituted ammonium cations, e.g., methyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethylammonium and quaternary ammonium cations, e.g., tetramethylammonium and dimethylpi Cations derived from peridinium, and alkanolamines such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and mixtures thereof, and the like. _Typically, preferably the alkyl chain is lower wash temperatures of C 12 _{-C 16} (e.g., less than about 50 ° _C.), alkyl chains of C 16 _{-C 18} are preferred higher wash temperatures (e.g., about 50 ° C.).

Another class of preferred anionic surfactants are the alkyl alkoxylated sulfate surfactants. These surfactants typically have the formula RO (A) _m S
O ₃ M is a water-soluble salt of an acid, wherein R is an unsubstituted C ₁₀ -C ₂₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group having a C ₁₀ -C ₂₄ alkyl component, preferably a C ₁₂ -C ₂₀ alkyl. or hydroxyalkyl, more preferably C _{1 2} -C ₁₈ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, a is an ethoxy or propoxy unit, m is greater than zero, typically between about 0.5 and about 6, more preferably From about 0.5 to about 3, where M is H or a cation, such as a metal cation (eg, sodium, potassium, lithium, etc.), ammonium or substituted ammonium cation. Here, alkyl ethoxylated sulfates as well as alkyl propoxylated sulfates are contemplated. Specific examples of substituted ammonium cations include methyl-, dimethyl-, trimethylammonium and quaternary ammonium cations, such as tetramethylammonium, dimethylpiperidinium, and alkanolamines, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanol. Cations derived from amines, and mixtures thereof. Exemplary surfactants _are, C 12 _{-C 18} alkyl polyethoxylate (1.0) _sulfate, C 12 _{-C 18} alkyl polyethoxylate (2
. 25) _sulfate, C 12 _{-C 18} alkyl polyethoxylate (3.0)
Sulfates, and _C 12 _{-C 18} alkyl polyethoxylate (4.0) and sulphate, where, M is advantageously selected from sodium and potassium. The surfactant used here can be produced from a natural or synthetic alcohol raw material. The chain length represents the average hydrocarbon distribution including the branches.

Examples of suitable anionic surfactants include “Surface Active Agents and Detergent”
s "(Vol. I and II, Schwartz, Perry and Berch). Various such surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, Jan. 1975.
Also proclaimed on February 30, Laughlin et al., Paragraph 23, line 58 to paragraph 29, line 23, are generally described.

Another surfactant that can be used is a so-called dianionic compound. These compounds have at least two anionic groups present on the surfactant molecule.
Suitable dianionic surfactants are all incorporated herein by reference.
U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 60 / 020,503, filed on Nov. 28 (Document No. 61).
60P), No. 60 / 020,772 (Document No. 6161P), No. 60/020
, No. 928 (Document No. 6158P), No. 60 / 020,832 (Document No. 61)
59P), and No. 60 / 020,773 (Document No. 6162P), and 1
Nos. 60 / 023,539 (document number 6192P), 60/023493 (document number 6194P), 60 / 023,540 (document number 6193P), and 60/023 filed on Aug. 8, 996. , 527 (Document No. 6195P)
Are described in each specification. Other commonly useful surfactants are listed in standard textbooks.

Nonionic Surfactants One particularly preferred surfactant is a nonionic surfactant. The nonionic surfactant comprises from 0.01% to about 40% by weight, preferably from about 0.1% to about 30% by weight,
Most preferably, it can be present in an amount of about 0.25 to about 20% by weight.

In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to include a mixed nonionic surfactant. While a wide range of nonionic surfactants can be selected for the purpose of mixed nonionic surfactants useful in the compositions of the present invention, nonionic surfactants are preferably ether-capped poly (oxyalkylated ) It is preferred to include both a low cloud point surfactant represented by an alcohol surfactant and a high cloud point nonionic surfactant described below. As used herein, "cloud point" is a well-known property of nonionic surfactants that occurs because the solubility of the surfactant decreases with increasing temperature, and the appearance of a second phase is observed. Call the temperature the "cloud point" (Kirk Othmer, pp.
360-362).

The “low cloud point” nonionic surfactants used herein have a cloud point of less than 30 ° C.
It is defined as a nonionic surfactant-based component that is preferably less than about 20 ° C, more preferably less than about 10 ° C, and is represented by the ether-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohols described herein.

Of course, other low cloud point surfactants can also be used in combination with the ether-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactant. Such optional low cloud point surfactants include nonionic alkoxylated surfactants, especially ethoxylates derived from primary alcohols, and polyoxypropylene / polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene (PO / EO / PO) reverse block polymers. Also, such low cloud point nonionic surfactants are, for example, ethoxylated-propoxylated alcohols (e.g., Olin Corporation's Poly
-Tergent ™ SLF18) and epoxy-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohols (see, eg, International Patent No. WO 94/22 by Olin Corporation).
No. 800, published October 13, 1994, Olin C
Orporation Poly-Tergent (trade name) SLF18B series non-ionic substances). These nonionic surfactants can optionally contain about 1 propylene oxide.
It can be included in amounts up to 5% by weight. Other preferred nonionic surfactants are
U.S. Pat. No. 4,223,163, incorporated herein by reference, incorporated herein by reference.
It can be manufactured by the method described on March 16, Builloty.

The optionally used low cloud point nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene,
It further comprises a polyoxypropylene block polymer compound. Blocked polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene polymeric compounds include compounds based on ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, and ethylenediamine as an initiator reactive hydrogen compound.
PLURONIC (trade name) from BASF-Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, Michigan, REVERS
Specific products called ED PLURONIC (trade name) and TETRONIC (trade name) are suitable for the ADD composition of the present invention. Preferred examples include REVERSED PLURONIC® 25R2 and TETRONIC® 702. Such surfactants are typically useful as low cloud point nonionic surfactants.

As used herein, a “high cloud point” nonionic surfactant is a nonionic surfactant system having a cloud point above 40 ° C., preferably above about 50 ° C., more preferably above about 60 ° C. Defined as a component. Preferably, the nonionic surfactant system comprises:
An ethoxylated surfactant obtained by reacting a monohydric alcohol or alkylphenol having about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms with an average of about 6 to about 15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol or alkylphenol. Such high cloud point nonionic surfactants include, for example, Tergitol 15S9 (Union Carbide
Rhodesurf TMD 8.5 (commercially available from Rhone Poulaenc), and Neodol 9
1-8 (commercially available from Shell).

For the purposes of the present invention, high cloud point nonionic surfactants further have a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (“HLB”, see Kirk Othmer, supra) value of about 9 to about 15, preferably 11 to 15. It is also preferred to have Such materials include, for example, Tergitol 15S9
(Commercially available from Union Carbide), Rhodasurf TMD 8.5 (commercially available from Rhone Poulaenc)
And Neodol 91-8 (commercially available from Shell).

Another preferred high cloud point nonionic surfactant is a linear or preferably branched chain having about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, including secondary alcohols and branched primary alcohols. Jo, or derived from secondary fatty alcohols _(C 6 _{-C 20} alcohol). Preferably, the high cloud point nonionic surfactant comprises a branched chain condensed with an average of about 6 to about 15 moles, preferably about 6 to about 12 moles, and most preferably about 6 to about 9 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol Or a secondary alcohol ethoxylate, more preferably a mixed C19 / 11 or C11 / 15 branched alcohol ethoxylate. Preferably, the ethoxylated nonionic surfactant thus obtained has a narrow ethoxylate distribution as compared to the average.

A preferred nonionic surfactant system useful herein is a mixture of high and low cloud point nonionic surfactants, preferably in a weight ratio of about 10: 1 to about 1:10. is there.

Another preferred LFNI is an end-capped alkyl alkoxylate surfactant. A preferred end-capped alkyl alkoxylate surfactant is an epoxy-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohol having the formula:

R ₁ O [CH ₂ CH (CH ₃ ) O] _x [CH ₂ CH ₂ O] _y [CH ₂ CH (OH) R ₂ ] (I) wherein R ₁ is linear or branched R ₂ is a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 26 carbon atoms, and x has an average value of 0. And y is an integer having a value of at least 15, more preferably at least 20.

Preferably, the surfactant of formula I comprises a terminal epoxide unit [CH₂CH (OH) R
₂] Has at least 10 carbon atoms. Suitable surfactants of the formula I according to the invention
Are described, for example, in WO 94/22800 by Olin Corporation,
POLY from Olin Corporation, as described in Published October 13, 1994.
-TERGENT (brand name) SLF-18B.

One preferred ether-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohol has the formula:

R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH (R ³ ) O] _x [CH ₂ ] _k CH (OH) [CH ₂ ] _j OR ^{2 wherein} R ¹ and R ² are linear or branched A saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, wherein R ³ is H or a linear carbon number of 1 to 4; A certain aliphatic hydrocarbon group, x is an integer having an average value of 1 to 30, and when x is 2 or more, R ³ may be the same or different; Value is 1 to 12, more preferably 1
Is an integer that is ５5.

R ¹ and R ² are preferably linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic, having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, most preferably 8 To 18 hydrocarbon groups. R ³ has H or a linear carbon number of 1 to 2;
Is most preferred. Preferably, x has an average value of 1 to 20,
More preferably, it is an integer of 6 to 15.

As noted above, in preferred embodiments, when x is greater than 2, R ³ may be the same or different. That is, R ³ may be any of the above alkyleneoxy units. For example, when x is 3, R ³ can be selected to form ethyleneoxy (EO) or propyleneoxy (PO), and (EO) (PO) (EO)
, (EO) (EO) (PO), (EO) (EO) (EO), (PO) (EO) (PO), (PO) (P
O) (EO) and (PO) (PO) (PO). Of course, an integer of 3 has only been chosen as an example, and for large values of x, the change is much greater, including, for example, a large number of (EO) units and a much smaller number of (PO) units. Is done.

Particularly preferred surfactants described above are those having a low cloud point of less than 20 ° C. These low cloud point surfactants can be used in combination with the high cloud point surfactants described in detail below to achieve better grease cleaning properties.

The most preferred ether-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactant is a surfactant where k is 1 and j is 1 as having the following formula:

R ¹ O [CH ₂ CH (R ³ ) O] _x CH ₂ CH (OH) CH ₂ OR ^{2 wherein} R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are as defined above and x is an average Value is 1 to 30
, Preferably an integer of 1 to 20, more preferably 6 to 18. Most preferred surfactants are those wherein R ¹ and R ² are 9-14, R ³ is H, form ethyleneoxy, and x is 6-15.

An ether-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactant is
It comprises three general components: linear or branched alcohols, alkylene oxides and alkyl ether endcaps. Alkyl ether endcaps and alcohols form the hydrophobic, oil-soluble portion of the molecule, whereas alkylene oxide groups form the hydrophilic, water-soluble portion of the molecule.

These surfactants, when used in combination with high cloud point surfactants, have significantly improved dye-forming and film-forming properties compared to conventional surfactants.

Another suitable group of nonionic surfactants are those derived from sugars, such as polyhydroxy fatty acid amides having the formula:

[0074]

Embedded image Wherein R ¹ is H, C ₁ -C ₄ hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, or a mixture thereof, preferably C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, more preferably C ₁ or C ₂ alkyl, most preferably Preferably it is a C ₁ alkyl (ie methyl) and R ² is a C ₅ -C ₃₁ hydrocarbyl, preferably a linear C ₇ -hydrocarbyl.
C ₁₉ alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably linear C ₉ -C ₁₇ alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably C ₁₁ -C ₁₅ alkyl or alkenyl, or a mixture thereof, and Z is a linear hydrocarbyl chain. Polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl having at least three hydroxyls attached to its chain, or alkoxylated (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated)
It is a derivative. Z is preferably derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction, more preferably Z is glycityl. Suitable reducing sugars include, but are not limited to, glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and xylose. As raw materials, high dextrose corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, and high maltose corn syrup, and the individual sugars listed above can be used. From these corn syrups, a mixture of sugar components for Z can be obtained. It does not exclude other suitable raw materials. Z is preferably _{-CH 2 - (CHOH) n -CH} 2 OH, -
_{CH (CH 2 OH) - (} CHOH) n-1 -CH 2 OH, -CH 2 - (CHOH
_{) 2 - (CHOR ') (} CHOH) -CH 2 OH, and is selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated derivatives, n is an integer from 3 to 5, R' is H or a cyclic or aliphatic monosaccharide is there. The most preferred material is a glycityl, n is 4, particularly _-CH 2 - is _(CHOH) 4 _-CH 2 OH.

R ′ is, for example, N-methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, N-isopropyl,
It may be N-butyl, N-2-hydroxyethyl, or N-2-hydroxypropyl.

R ² —CO—N <may be, for example, cocamide, stearamide, oleamide, lauramide, myristamide, capricamide, palmitamide, tallowamide, and the like.

Z is 1-deoxyglucityl, 2-deoxyfrucchityl, 1-deoxymultityl, 1-deoxylactyl, 1-deoxygalacticyl, 1-deoxymannityl, 1-deoxymaltotriotiti And so on.

Methods for producing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known in the art. Typically,
These materials react an alkylamine with a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction to form the corresponding N-alkyl polyhydroxyamine, which is then converted to a fatty acid in a condensation / amidation step. By reacting with an aliphatic ester or triglyceride to form an N-alkyl, N-polyhydroxy fatty acid amide product. Methods for preparing compositions comprising polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are described, for example, in British Patent Application No. 809,0, incorporated herein by reference.
No. 60, published Feb. 18, 1959 by Thomas Hedley & Co. Ltd., U.S. Pat. No. 2,965,576, issued to ER Wilson on Dec. 20, 1960, No. 2,
No. 703,798, Anthony M. Schwartz, promulgated March 8, 1955, Nos. 1, 9
No. 85,424, issued to Pigoott on December 5, 1934.

Preferred alkyl polyglycosides have the formula:

R ² O (C _n H _2n O) t (glycosyl) _{x In the} formula, R ² has an alkyl group having about 10 to about 18, preferably about 12 to about 1 carbon atoms.
4 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof, wherein n is 2 or 3,
It is preferably 2, t is 0 to 10, preferably 0, and x is about 1.3 to about 1
0, preferably from about 1.3 to about 3, most preferably from about 1.3 to about 2.7. Glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose. To produce these compounds,
The alcohol or alkyl polyethoxy alcohol is first formed and then reacted with glucose or a glucose source to form a glucoside (addition at one position). Additional glycosyl units can then be added at one, two, three, four and / or six positions of the preceding glycosyl unit, preferably at mainly two positions.

[0081] These and other nonionic surfactants are well known in the art,
Kirk Othmer's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
3rd Ed., Vol. 22, pp. 360-379, "Surfactants and Detersive Systems". Other suitable nonionic surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,678, Laughlin et al., 1975, incorporated herein by reference.
It is generally described in paragraphs 13 and 14 to paragraphs 16 and 6 promulgated on December 30, 2013.

Cationic Surfactants Suitable cationic surfactants for the compositions of the present invention include those having long chain hydrocarbyl groups. Examples of such cationic cosurfactants include ammonium cosurfactants, such as alkyl dimethyl ammonium halides, and cosurfactants having the formula:

[R²(OR³)_y] [R⁴(OR³)_y]₂R⁵N⁺X⁻ Where R²Is alkyl or alkyl having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain
A benzyl group, each R³Is -CH₂CH₂-, -CH₂CH (CH₃)-,-
CH₂CH (CH₂OH)-, -CH₂CH₂CH₂-And mixtures thereof
Selected from the group consisting of⁴Is C₁~ C₄Alkyl, C₁~ C₄Hydroxy
Cycloalkyl, two R⁴A benzyl ring formed by combining groups, -CH₂CHOH
-CHOHCOR⁶CHOHCH₂OH (where R⁶Is hexose or molecular weight
Is a hexose polymer with less than about 1000), and hydrogen (if y is not zero,
G) is selected from the group consisting of⁵Is R⁴Is the same as or R²And R ⁵ Is an alkyl chain having a total carbon number of about 18 or less, each y is from 0 to about 10,
, Y values are from 0 to about 15, and X is a compatible anion.

[0084] Examples of other suitable cationic surfactants are all described in MC Publishing Co., McCutcheon's, Detergents & Emulsifiers, (No.
rth American edition 1997), Schwartz et al., Surface Active Agents, Thei
r Chemistry and Technology, New York: Interscience Publishers, 1949; U.S. Patent Nos. 3,155,591, 3,929,678, 3,959,46.
No. 1, 4,387,090 and 4,228,044.

Examples of suitable cationic surfactants are those corresponding to the following general formula:

[0086]

Embedded image Wherein R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , and R ₄ are independently an aliphatic group having 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene having up to about 22 carbon atoms. , An alkylamide, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group, wherein X is a salt-forming anion such as a halogen (eg, chloride,
Bromide), acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, and alkyl sulfate groups. Aliphatic groups can include bonds and other groups, such as amino groups, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms. Long chain aliphatic groups, such as those having about 12 or more carbon atoms, may be saturated or unsaturated. Preferably, R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ , and R ₄ are independently selected from C 1 -C 22 alkyl. Particularly preferred are cationic materials comprising two long alkyl chains and two short alkyl chains, or cationic materials comprising one long alkyl chain and three short alkyl chains.
The long alkyl chain in the compounds described in the preceding sentence has about 12 to about 22, preferably about 16 to about 22, carbon atoms, and the short alkyl chain in the compounds described in the preceding sentence has From about 1 to about 3, preferably from about 1 to about 2.

[0087] When present, a suitable amount of a cationic detersive surfactant is from about 0.1% to about 20%,
Preferably from about 1% to about 15%, but at much higher levels, for example up to about 30%, but especially in non-ionic: cationic (i.e. less or no anionic) formulations. Can be useful.

Other Surfactants The amount of amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent surfactant, when present, is generally from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the detergent composition. This amount is often limited to about 5% or less, especially if the amphoteric surfactant is expensive.

Suitable amphoteric surfactants include amine oxides corresponding to the following formula:

RR′R ″ N → O wherein R is a primary alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and R ′ and R ″ are each independently It is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The arrow in the formula usually represents a semipolar bond.

Amine oxides are semipolar surfactants, a group consisting of one alkyl moiety having about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and an alkyl group and a hydroxyalkyl group having about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms. A water-soluble amine oxide comprising two moieties selected from the group consisting of an alkyl moiety having about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and an alkyl group having about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms and a hydroxyalkyl group A water-soluble phosphine oxide comprising two moieties selected from the group; and one alkyl moiety having about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and alkyl and hydroxyalkyl moieties having about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms. And water-soluble sulfoxides containing moieties selected from the group consisting of:

Preferred amine oxide surfactants have the formula:

O | R ³ (OR ⁴ ) _x N (R ⁵ ) _{2 wherein} R ³ is an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or alkylphenyl group having about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms or a mixture thereof. , R ⁴ have about 2 to 2 carbon atoms.
Alkylene or hydroxyalkylene having about 3 or a mixture thereof, x is from 0 to about 3, and each R ⁵ is alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms, or ethylene oxide group is About 1 to about 3 polyethylene oxide. The R ⁵ groups can be attached to each other, for example through an oxygen or nitrogen atom, to form a ring structure.

These amine oxide surfactants include, in particular, C ₁₀ -C ₁₈ alkyldimethylamine oxide and C ₈ -C ₁₂ alkoxyethyldihydroxyethylamine oxide. Preferably, the amine oxide is present in the composition in an effective amount, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, even more preferably from about 0.1 to about 15% by weight.
, More preferably from about 0.5 to about 10% by weight.

Suitable zwitterionic surfactants that can be used herein include betaines and betaine-like surfactants whose molecules contain basic and acidic groups, which groups form internal salts, Wide range of pH for both cationic and anionic hydrophilic groups
Give within the value range. General examples of these surfactants are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,082,275, 2,702,279 and 2,25, which are incorporated herein by reference.
No. 5,082. One preferred zwitterionic compound has the formula:

[0096]

Embedded image In the formula, R 1 is an alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R 2 and R 3 have 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkylene chain having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X is hydrogen and Y is selected from the group consisting of carboxyl and sulfonyl groups, and Y has a total carbon number of 14 to 24 of R1, R2 and R3 groups.

The zwitterionic surfactants described above contain both cationic and anionic groups, are substantially electrically neutral, and have an anionic charge and a cationic charge on the surfactant molecule. The numbers are substantially equal. Zwitterionic compounds, typically containing both quaternary ammonium groups and anionic groups selected from sulfonate and carboxylate groups, maintain amphoteric characteristics over most of the pH range important for hard surface cleaning. It is preferred. Sulfonate groups are preferred anionic groups.

Antimicrobial agents Antimicrobial agents are compounds or substances that kill microorganisms or inhibit or inhibit their growth and reproduction. Proper selection of the antimicrobial agent will maintain the stability under use and storage conditions (pH, temperature, light, etc.) for the required period of time. Desirable properties of antimicrobial agents are that they are safe, non-toxic during handling, formulation and use, are environmentally acceptable and cost effective. The group of antimicrobial agents includes, but is not limited to, chlorophenols, aldehydes, biguanides, antibiotics and biologically active salts. Preferred antimicrobial agents are bronopol, chlorohexidine diacetate, TRICOSAN.TM, hexetidine or parachlorometaxylenol (PCMX). More preferably, the antimicrobial is TRICOSAN.TM, chlorohexidine diacetate or hexetidine.

[0099] When used, the antimicrobial agent is present in an antimicrobial effective amount, more preferably at about 0.
It is present in an amount of from 0.01 to about 10.0% by weight, more preferably from about 0.1 to about 8.0% by weight, even more preferably from about 0.5 to about 2.0% by weight.

The bleach hydrogen peroxide source is provided by Kirk Othmer's Encyclopedia, which is incorporated herein by reference.
f Chemical Technology, 4th Ed (1992, John Wiley & Sons), Vol. 4, pp. 271
-300 "Bleach (Research)" and includes various forms of sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, including various coated and modified forms.
An `` effective amount '' of a hydrogen peroxide source refers to a composition that does not include a hydrogen peroxide source when a consumer cleans dirty dishes in the presence of alkali in a household automatic dishwasher. In comparison, it is an amount that can be measured to improve the removal of stains (especially tea stains) from soiled dishes.

More generally, a hydrogen peroxide source is any convenient compound or mixture that provides an effective amount of hydrogen peroxide under the conditions of use of the consumer. Amounts can vary widely, usually from about 0.1 to about 70% by weight of the composition, more typically from about 0.5 to about 3%.
0% by weight.

[0102] Preferred sources of hydrogen peroxide for use herein may be any convenient source, including hydrogen peroxide itself. For example, perborate salts such as sodium perborate (
All hydrates, but preferably mono- or tetrahydrate), sodium hydrogen carbonate peroxide or equivalent percarbonate, sodium pyrophosphate hydrogen peroxide, urea hydrogen peroxide, or sodium peroxide Can be used here. Sources of available oxygen, such as persulfate bleaches (eg, OXONE®, DuPont) are also useful. Sodium perborate monohydrate and sodium percarbonate are particularly preferred. Mixtures of any convenient source of hydrogen peroxide can be used.

Preferred percarbonate bleaches have an average particle size of about 500 micrometers to about 1,
Less than about 10% by weight of particles less than about 200 micrometers, and less than about 10% by weight of particles greater than about 1,250 micrometers.
% By weight or less. If desired, the percarbonate can be coated with a silicate, borate or water-soluble surfactant. Percarbonate can be obtained from various commercial sources, such as FM
C, Solvay and Tokai Denka.

Although not preferred for the composition of the invention comprising a detergent enzyme, the composition of the invention may also comprise a chlorine-type bleaching material as a bleaching agent. Such agents are well known in the art and include, for example, sodium dichloroisocyanurate ("N
aDCC ").

Organic peroxides, especially diacyl peroxide These materials are all incorporated by reference in Kirk Othmer, Encyclopedia.
of Chemical Technology, Vol. 17, John Wiley and Sons, 1982, pages 27-90, especially pages 63-72. If diacyl peroxide is used, materials which have little adverse effect on dyeing / coating formation are preferred. Preferred diacyl peroxides include dibenzoyl peroxide.

Metal-Containing Bleaching Catalysts The compositions and methods of the present invention employ a metal-containing bleaching catalyst that is effective in ADD compositions. Manganese and cobalt containing bleach catalysts are preferred.

One type of metal-containing bleaching catalyst is a transition metal cation having pronounced bleaching catalytic activity.
For example, cations of copper, iron, titanium, ruthenium, tungsten, molybdenum, or manganese, auxiliary metal cations with little or no bleach catalytic activity, such as zinc or aluminum cations, and catalyst and auxiliary metal cations A catalyst system comprising a sequestering agent having a well-defined stability constant, in particular ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonic acid) and their water-soluble salts. Such catalysts are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,430,2.
No. 43 is described.

Other types of bleaching catalysts are disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 5,246,621 and 5,
Manganese-based complexes described in US Pat. Preferred examples of these catalysts include Mn ^IV ₂ (u-O) ₃ (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,
4,7-Triazacyclononane) _2- (PF ₆ ) ₂ (“MnTACN”), Mn ^II
I ₂ (uO) ₁ (u-OAc) ₂ (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) _2- (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , Mn ^IV ₄ (u-O) _{6 (1,4,7-triazacyclononane) 4 - (ClO 4) 2} , Mn III Mn IV 4 (u-O) 1 (u-OA
c) ₂ (1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) _2- (Cl
O ₄ ) ₃ , and mixtures thereof. European Patent Application No. 549,
See also No. 272. Other ligands suitable here include 1,5,9-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododecane, 2-methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane, 2-methyl- There are 1,4,7-triazacyclononane, and mixtures thereof.

[0109] Bleaching catalysts useful in automatic dishwashing compositions and concentrated powder detergent compositions can also be suitably selected in the present invention. For a suitable bleaching catalyst, see U.S. Pat.
See U.S. Pat. No. 612 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,227,084.

Other bleaching catalysts are, for example, published European patent applications 408,131 (cobalt complex catalysts), published European patent applications 384,503 and 306,0.
No. 89 (metallo-porphyrin catalyst), U.S. Pat. No. 4,728,455 (manganese / polydentate ligand catalyst), U.S. Pat. No. 4,711,748 and published European patent application 224,952 (aluminosilicate). US Pat. No. 4,601,845 (aluminosilicate support and manganese and zinc or magnesium salts), US Pat. No. 4,626,373 (manganese / ligand catalyst) No. 4,119,557 (ferric complex catalyst), German Patent 2,054,019 (cobalt chelate catalyst), Canadian Patent 866,1.
No. 91 (transition metal-containing salts), US Pat. No. 4,430,243 (chelates with manganese cations and non-catalytic metal cations), and US Pat.
No. 28,455 (manganese gluconate catalyst).

A preferred catalyst has the following formula:

[Co (NH ₃ ) _n (M ′) _m ] Y _{y wherein} n is an integer of 3 to 5 (preferably 4 or 5, most preferably 5);
M ′ is an unstable coordinating moiety, preferably selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, hydroxide, water, and combinations thereof (where m is greater than 1), where m is 1-3 (
Preferably an integer of 1 or 2, most preferably 1), m + n = 6,
Y is a suitably selected counter anion present at a number y to obtain a charge-balanced salt, where y is 1-3 (preferably 2-3, most preferably Y is a-1 charged) Is an integer of 2) in the case of a negative ion.

A preferred cobalt catalyst of this type useful herein is a cobalt pentaamine chloride salt having the formula [Co (NH ₃ ) ₅ Cl] Y _y , especially [Co (NH ₃ ) ₅ Cl] Cl ₂ is there.

More preferred are compositions of the present invention that use a cobalt (III) bleach catalyst having the formula:

[Co (NH ₃ ) _n (M) _m (B) _b ] T _{y In the} formula, cobalt is in the +3 oxidation state, n is 4 or 5 (preferably 5), and M is One or more ligands coordinated to cobalt, m is 0, 1 or 2 (preferably 1), B is a ligand coordinated to cobalt at two positions, b
Is 0 or 1 (preferably 0), and when b = 0, m + n = 6;
When b = 1, m = 0 and n = 4, T is one or more appropriately selected counter anions present at the number y, and y is to obtain a charge-balanced salt (Preferably y is 1 to 3, most preferably 2 when T is an anion charged to -1), and the catalyst has a base hydrolysis reaction rate constant of 0.23.
M ⁻¹ s ⁻¹ (25 ° C.).

Preferred T is chloride, iodide, I ₃ ⁻ , formate, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, sulfite, citrate, acetate, carbonate, bromide, PF ₆ ⁻ , BF ₄ ⁻ , B (Ph) ₄ ⁻ , Phosphate,
It is selected from the group consisting of phosphites, silicates, tosylate, methanesulfonate, and combinations thereof. Optionally, when two or more anionic groups present in the T, T ^{_{is, HPO 4 2-, HCO 3 -}} , H 2 PO 4 - can be protonated as the. Further, T may be a non-conventional inorganic anion, such as an anionic surfactant (eg, a linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), an alkyl sulfate (AS), an alkyl ethoxy sulfonate (AES), etc.) and / or an anion. -Based polymer (for example, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate,
Etc.).

The M portion includes, for example, F ⁻ , SO ₄ ^-2 , NCS ⁻ , SCN ⁻ , S ₂ O ₃ ⁻² ,
NH ₃ , PO ₄ ³⁻ , and carboxylate (which is preferably a monocarboxylate, but as long as it is linked to cobalt by only one carboxylate per molecule, two or more Carboxylates can be present, in which case the other carboxylate in the M moiety can be protonated or in the form of a salt thereof), but is not limited thereto. When two or more anionic groups present in the M, optionally, M can be protonated (e.g. _{^{HPO 4 2-, HCO 3 -,}} H 2 PO 4 -, HOC (O) CH 2 C (O) O
-,etc). Preferred M moieties are substituted or unsubstituted C ₁ -C ₃₀ carboxylic acids having the formula.

RC (O) O— wherein R is preferably hydrogen and unsubstituted and substituted alkyl of C ₁ -C ₃₀ (preferably C ₁ -C ₁₈ ), C ₆ -C ₃₀ ( Preferably C _6-
Selected from the group consisting of C ₁₈ ) unsubstituted and substituted aryl, and C ₃ -C ₃₀ (preferably C ₅ -C ₁₈ ) unsubstituted and substituted heteroaryl, when the substituent ^{_{-NR '3, -NR' 4 +}} , -C
(O) OR ', - OR ', - C (O) ' is selected from the group consisting of _2, R' NR is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and _C 1 -C ₆ moieties. Accordingly, such substituted _{R, - (CH 2) n} OH and - (CH _{2) n} NR 'includes a ₄ ⁺ moiety, where n is from 1 to about 16, preferably about 2 to about 10, Most preferably, it is an integer from about 2 to about 5.

Most preferred M has the above formula wherein R is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl,
Linear or branched C ₄ -C ₁₂ alkyl, and a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of benzyl. Most preferred R is methyl. Preferred carboxylic acid M moieties include formic acid, benzoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, malonic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, phthalic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, naphthenic acid, oleic acid Acids, palmitic acid, triflate, tartaric acid, stearic acid, butyric acid, citric acid, acrylic acid, aspartic acid, fumaric acid, lauric acid, linoleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, and especially acetic acid.

Part B includes carbonate, di- and higher carboxylate (eg, oxalate, malonate, malic acid, succinate, maleate), picolinic acid, and alpha and beta amino acids (eg, glycine, alanine, beta-alanine). Phenylalanine).

The cobalt bleaching catalysts useful herein are known and include, for example, their base hydrolysis.
Along with speed, M.L.Tobe, "Base Hydrolysis of Transition-Metal Complexes",A dv. Inorg. Bioinorg. Mech ., (1983), 2, 1-94. For example,
Table 1 on page 17 shows the base hydrolysis rates (where k_OHIs called
Xarate (k_OH= 2.5 × 10^-4M^-1s^-1(25 ° C)), NCS⁻(K _OH = 5.0 × 10^-4M^-1s^-1(25 ° C)), formate (k_OH= 5.8
x10^-4M^-1s^-1(25 ° C.)) and acetate (k_OH= 9.6 × 10 ^-4 M^-1s^-1(25 ° C)) with cobalt pentaamine catalyst
It is described. The most preferred cobalt catalyst here has the formula Co [(NH₃)₅O
[Ac] T_yWherein OAc represents an acetate moiety,
Acetate, especially cobalt pentaamine acetate [Co (NH₃)₅OAc]
Cl₂, And [Co (NH₃)₅OAc] (OAc)₂, [Co (NH₃)₅OAc]
(PF₆)₂, [Co (NH₃)₅OAc] (SO₄), [Co (NH₃)₅OAc] (BF
₄)₂, And [Co (NH₃)₅OAc] (NO₃)₂It is.

[0122] The cobalt catalyst of the present invention is disclosed in US Pat.
No. 559,261, 5,581,005 and 5,597,936.

These catalysts may be treated with auxiliary materials for the aesthetics of the product, if desired to reduce the effect of color, or to be incorporated into the enzyme-containing particles as exemplified below, or Compositions can also be prepared to include "speckle" of the catalyst.

As a practical matter, but not by way of limitation, the cleaning compositions and cleaning methods of the present invention may have a cleaning composition on the order of at least 100 parts per million, preferably from about 0.01 ppm to about 100 parts per million.
About 25 ppm, more preferably about 0.05 ppm to about 10 ppm, most preferably about 0 ppm
. Adjustments can be made to provide from 1 ppm to about 5 ppm of active bleach catalyst in the wash liquor. To obtain such a level in the wash liquor of an automatic dishwashing process, a typical automatic dishwashing composition of the present invention comprises from about 0.0005 to about 0.2% by weight of the cleaning composition, more preferably from about 0.005% to about 0.2%. 0.004 to about 0.08% by weight of the bleach catalyst.

Preferred bleach catalysts and methods of their use are described in US Pat. Nos. 5,705,464, 5,804,542, 5,798,
No. 326, 5,703,030 and 5,599,781.

Bleaching Activator Preferably, when the composition includes a peroxygen bleaching component, the composition is formulated with an activator (peracid precursor). A preferred activator is tetraacetylethylenediamine (
TAED), benzoylcaprolactam (BzCL), 4-nitrobenzoylcaprolactam, 3-chlorobenzoylcaprolactam, benzoyloxybenzenesulfonate (BOBS), nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOB)
S), phenyl benzoate (PhBz), dodecanoyl oxybenzene sulphonate _(C 10 -OBS), benzoyl valerolactam (BZVL), octanoyl oxybenzenesulfonate _(C 8 -OBS), perhydrolyzable resistance (Perhydrolyzable
) Selected from the group consisting of esters and mixtures thereof, with benzoylcaprolactam and benzoylvalerolactam being most preferred. pH range from about 8 to about 9.
Particularly preferred bleach activators in 5 are activators having an OBS or VL leaving group.

Preferred bleach activators are described in US Pat. No. 5,130,
No. 4,045, Mitchell et al., And No. 4,412,934, Chung et al.
And U.S. patent applications Ser. No. 08 / 064,624,
No. 23, 08 / 064,621, 08 / 064,562, 08/06
Nos. 4,564, 08 / 082,270 and "Bleaching Compounds Compr.
M. Burns, AD W, entitled `` Ising Peroxyacid Activators Used With Enzymes ''
U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 08/133, pending, illey, RT Hartshorn, CK Ghosh.
No. 691 (P & G Case 4890R).

In the present invention, the molar ratio of the peroxygen bleaching compound (as AvO) to the bleaching activator is
It is generally at least 1: 1, preferably from about 20: 1 to about 1: 1, more preferably from about 10: 1 to about 3: 1.

A quaternary substituted bleach activator can also be included. The detergent composition of the present invention preferably comprises a quaternary substituted bleach activator (QSBA) or a quaternary substituted peracid (QSP), more preferably the former. Preferred QSBA
The structure is disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08 / 298,90, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
No. 3, 08/298, 650, 08/298, 906 and 08/2
No. 98,904, filed August 31, 1994.

The amount of bleach activator can vary widely here, for example, from about 0.01 to about 90% by weight of the composition, but at lower levels, such as more preferably about 0,1%.
1 to about 30% by weight, more preferably about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, even more preferably about 0.5 to about 10% by weight, even more preferably about 1 to about 8% by weight.

Preferred hydrophilic bleach activators include all of the closely related substances, including N, N, N ′, N′-tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) or its triacetyl or other asymmetric derivatives. . TAED and acetylated carbohydrates such as glucose pentaacetate and tetraacetylxylose are preferred hydrophilic bleach activators. Depending on the application, acetyltriethyl citrate, a liquid, can also be used to some extent, such as phenyl benzoate.

Preferred hydrophobic bleach activators include activators related to substituted amide types, such as those described in detail below, such as NAPAA, and, for example, US Pat. No. 5,061,807, Oct. 29, 1991. Activators associated with certain imidoperacid bleaches, as described in the promulgation, transfer to Hoechst KK in Frankfurt, Germany.

Other suitable bleach activators include sodium-4-benzoyloxybenzenesulfonate (SBOBS), sodium-1-methyl-2-benzoyloxybenzene-4-sulfonate, sodium-4-methyl-3-benzoyl Oxybenzoate (SPCC), trimethylammonium toluyloxy-benzenesulfonate, or sodium 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (STHOBS).

The bleach activator can be used in an amount of up to 20%, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight of the composition, but in the form of a highly concentrated bleach additive product or in a form used in automatic feeding equipment. Can also be used at higher levels, above 40% by weight.

Highly preferred bleach activators useful herein are amide substituted and have any of the following formulas, or combinations thereof.

[0136]

Embedded image Wherein R ¹ is alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl having about 1 to about 14 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrophilic form (short R ¹ ) and the hydrophobic form (R ¹ is especially from 6 to 8, preferably 8) From about 12 to about 12), wherein R ² is an alkylene, arylene or alkarylene having from about 1 to about 14 carbons, and R ⁵ is H, or from about 1 to about 10 carbons. Some alkyl, aryl, or alkaryl;
Is a leaving group as defined above.

Preferred bleach activators also have the general formula described above, and also include bleach activators wherein L is selected from the group consisting of:

[0138]

Embedded image Wherein, ^{R 3} is as defined above, Y is --SO3 ^- M ⁺ or --CO2 ^- a M ^+, M is as defined above.

Preferred examples of the bleach activator of the above formula include (6-octanamidocaproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanamidocaproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-decanamidocaproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate , And mixtures thereof.

Other useful activators, described in US Pat. No. 4,966,723, are, for example, moieties at the 1,2 position of the C ₆ C ₄ ring--C (O) OC (R ¹ ) It is a benzoxazine type in which = N- is condensed. Highly preferred active agents of the benzoxazine type are

Embedded image It is.

Acyl lactam activators, in particular acyl caprolactams having the formula (see, for example, WO 94-28102A) and acyl valerolactams (see US Pat. No. 5,503,639), are herein incorporated by reference. Very useful.

[0142]

Embedded image Wherein R ⁶ is H, alkyl having 1 to about 12 carbons, aryl, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl, or substituted phenyl having about 6 to about 18 carbons. See also U.S. Pat. No. 4,545,784 which discloses acylcaprolactams, including benzoylcaprolactam adsorbed in sodium perborate.

Examples of other active agents useful herein include US Pat. Nos. 4,915,854, 4,4
No. 12,934 and 4,634,551,
It is not limited to these.

Other activators useful herein include those of US Pat. No. 5,545,349. Examples include esters of organic acids with ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or glycerin, or acid amides of organic acids with ethylenediamine, where the organic acid is methoxyacetic acid, 2-methoxypropionic acid, p-methoxybenzoic acid. Ethoxyacetic acid, 2-ethoxypropionic acid, p-ethoxybenzoic acid, propoxyacetic acid, 2-propoxypropionic acid, p-propoxybenzoic acid, butoxyacetic acid, 2-butoxypropionic acid, p-butoxybenzoic acid, 2-methoxyethoxy Acetic acid, 2-methoxy-1-methylethoxyacetic acid, 2-methoxy-2
-Methylethoxyacetic acid, 2-ethoxyethoxyacetic acid, 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) propionic acid, p- (2-ethoxyethoxy) benzoic acid, 2-ethoxy-1
-Methylethoxyacetic acid, 2-ethoxy-2-methylethoxyacetic acid, 2-propoxyethoxyacetic acid, 2-propoxy-1-methylethoxyacetic acid, 2-propoxy-
2-methylethoxyacetic acid, 2-butoxyethoxyacetic acid, 2-butoxy-1-methylethoxyacetic acid, 2-butoxy-2-methylethoxyacetic acid, 2- (2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxyacetic acid, 2- (2-methoxy- 1-methylethoxy) ethoxyacetic acid, 2- (2-methoxy-2-methylethoxy) ethoxyacetic acid, and 2- (
2-ethoxyethoxy) ethoxyacetic acid.

Materials useful herein as oxygen bleaches include inorganic peroxides such as Na ₂ O ₂ , superoxides such as KO ₂ , organic hydroperoxides such as cumene hydroperoxide and t-butyl hydroperoxide, and inorganic peroxides. Peroxo acids and their salts, such as the peroxosulfate salt, especially the potassium salt of peroxodisulfate, more preferably the peroxomonosulfate (the triple salt form commercially available as OXON from DuPont, and
Includes all equivalents commercially available from Akzo as CUROX or from Degussa as CAROAT). Certain organic peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide,
In particular, mixed oxygen bleaches may be useful as additives, not as primary oxygen bleaches, such as mixtures of oxygen bleaches with known bleach activators, organic catalysts, enzyme catalysts and mixtures thereof. Generally useful, furthermore, such mixtures may further comprise brighteners, photobleaches and dye transfer inhibitors of the type well known in the art.

Other peracids and bleach activators useful herein fall into the group of imidoperacids and imide bleach activators. These materials include phthaloyl imido peroxycaproic acid and related aryl imide substituted and acyloxy nitrogen derivatives. For a list of such compounds, their manufacture and incorporation into laundry compositions, including both granules and liquids, see US Pat. Nos. 5,487,818, 5,470,98.
No. 8, No. 5,466,825, No. 5,419,846, No. 5,415,79
No. 6, No. 5,391,324, No. 5,328,634, No. 5,310,93
No. 4, 5,279,757, 5,246,620, 5,245,07
No. 5, No. 5,294,362, No. 5,423,998, No. 5,208,34
0, 5,132,431 and 5,087,385.

Other bleach activators are described in US Pat. No. 5,130,0, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
No. 45, Mitchell et al., And 4,412,934; Chung et al., And U.S. Patent Applications 08 / 06,624, 08 / 64,623, pending.
No. 08 / 064,621, 08 / 064,562, 08/064,
Nos. 564, 08/082, 270, and "Bleaching Compounds Comprisin
g Peroxyacid Activators Used With Enzymes, '' M. Burns, AD Wille
y, RT Hartshorn, CK Ghosh, US patent application Ser. No. 08 / 133,6, pending.
No. 91 (P & G Case 4890R).

A quaternarily substituted bleach activator can also be included. The detergent composition of the present invention preferably comprises a quaternary substituted bleach activator (QSBA) or a quaternary substituted peracid (QSP), more preferably the former. A preferred QSBA structure is
U.S. Patent Nos. 5,460,747,5, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
No. 5,584,888, and 5,578,136.

Useful diperacids include, for example, 1,12-diperoxidedecandioic acid, (DP
DA), 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperoxybrasilic acid, diperoxysebacic acid and diperoxyisophthalic acid, 2-decyldiperoxybutane-1,4-dioic acid, and 4,4'-sulfonylbisperoxy Benzoic acid is mentioned. Due to the structure in which two relatively hydrophilic groups are located at the ends of the molecule, diperacids are classified differently from hydrophilic and hydrophobic monoperacids, for example, as "hydrotropic" There is. Certain diperacids are very literally hydrophobic, especially if they have a long chain portion separating the peracid moieties.

When a bleach activator is used, it is important to limit the rubber component in the domestic bleaching method to a bleach activator that does not substantially impair the rubber component.

Reducing bleaches Another group of useful bleaches is the so-called reducing bleaches. These materials are "reducing" reducing agents in the electrochemical sense, instead of oxidizing like conventional bleaching agents. Examples of suitable reducing bleaches are described in Kirk Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Te.
chnology, Vol. 17, John Willey and Sons, 1982.

Enzymatic Source of Hydrogen Peroxide Apart from the oxygen bleaches described above, another suitable hydrogen peroxide generating mechanism is the combination of a C ₁ -C ₄ alkanol oxidase and a C ₁ -C ₄ alkanol, especially methanol It is a combination of oxidase (MOX) and ethanol. Such a combination is disclosed in WO 94/03003. Other enzyme-based materials associated with bleaching, such as peroxidases, haloperoxidases, oxidases, superoxide dismutases, catalase and their enhancers, or, more generally, inhibitors, are optionally present in the composition. It can be used as a component to be used.

[0153]Oxygen transfer agents and precursors Known organic bleach catalysts, oxygen transfer agents or precursors thereof are also useful herein.
You. These materials include the compounds themselves and / or their precursors,
For example, ketone and / or dioxirane precursors suitable for dioxirane production
Or heteroatom-containing analogs of dioxirane, such as the sulfoimine R¹R²C = NSO ₂ R³(European Patent No. 446982A, published in 1991)
And sulfonyl oxaziridine, such as

Embedded image (European Patent No. 446981A, published in 1991). Preferred examples of such materials are hydrophilic or hydrophobic ketones which are used in particular in combination with monoperoxysulfate to form dioxirane in situ, and / or US Pat. No. 5,576,282 and US Pat. And imines described in the literature described in US Pat. Oxygen bleaches which are preferably used in combination with such oxygen transfer agents or precursors include percarboxylic acids and salts,
Percarbonates and salts, peroxymonosulfates and salts, and mixtures thereof. U.S. Patent Nos. 5,360,568, 5,360,569, and 5,370
, No. 826, each specification. In a highly preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to the transition metal bleach catalysts and the organic bleach catalysts of the present invention, such as one of the above, primary oxidants such as a hydrogen peroxide source, a hydrophilic bleach activator. And at least one other detergent, hard surface cleaner, or automatic dishwashing aid. Among such compositions, those that further include a precursor to a hydrophobic oxygen bleach are preferred.

Composition pH The compositions of the present invention have a pH range from about 2 to about 13, preferably the pH is alkaline, more preferably from about 7 to about 12.5, more preferably from about 8 to about 13. About 12,
More preferably, from about 9 to about 11.5. To make a composition with a pH above 7 more effective, the composition is preferably of a higher alkaline pH
It should include a buffer capable of providing H to the composition and a dilute solution of the composition, ie, from about 0.1 to about 0.4% by weight of an aqueous solution. The pKa value of the buffer should be about 0.5 to 1.0 (measured as described above) pH units below the desired pH value of the composition. Preferably, the pKa of the buffer is from about 7 to about 10. Under these conditions, the buffer most effectively adjusts the pH using a minimal amount of buffer.

The buffer may be an active detergent itself or a low molecular weight organic or inorganic material used in the composition only to maintain an alkaline pH. Preferred buffers for the compositions of the present invention are nitrogen-containing materials. Examples are amino acids such as lysine, or lower alcohol amines such as mono-, di- and triethanolamine. Other preferred nitrogen-containing buffers are tri (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (HOCH2) 3 CNH3 (TRIS), 2-amino-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol, -Amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanol, disodium glutamate, N-methyldiethanolamine, 1,3-diamino-propanol, N, N'-tetra-methyl-1,3-diamino-propanol, N, N -Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) glycine (bicine) and N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methylglycine (tricine). Mixtures of any of the above materials can also be used. Useful inorganic buffers / alkalinity sources include alkali metal carbonates and phosphates, such as sodium carbonate, sodium polyphosphate. For other buffers, McCutcheon's EMULSIFIERS AND DETERG are both included here by reference.
ENTS, North American Edition, 1997, McCutcheon Division, MC Publishing C
See ompany Kirk and International Patent Publication No. WO 95/07971.

When used, buffers are present in the compositions of the present invention at about 0.1 to 15%, preferably about 1 to 10%, most preferably about 2 to 8% by weight of the composition. Present in quantity.

Diamine The diamine used in the present invention preferably contains substantially no impurities. That is, "substantially free" means that the purity of the diamine exceeds 95%, that is, preferably 97%, more preferably 99%, and still more preferably 99.5%, and contains no impurities. Examples of impurities that may be present in commercially available diamines include 2-methyl-1,3-diaminobutane and alkyl hydropyrimidine. Furthermore, the diamine needs to be free of oxidation reactants to avoid decomposition of the diamine and formation of ammonia.

Further, it is preferred that the compositions of the present invention do not produce "odors". That is, the odor of the upper space does not cause an olfactory rebound to the consumer. This includes a number of methods including the use of fragrances to mask unwanted odors, the use of stabilizers such as antioxidants, chelating agents, etc., and / or the use of diamines substantially free of impurities. Can be achieved. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that it is the impurities present in the diamine that cause most of the malodors in the compositions of the present invention. These impurities can occur during the manufacture and storage of the diamine. Impurities may also occur during the manufacture and storage of the compositions of the present invention. The use of stabilizers, such as antioxidants and chelating agents, inhibits the formation of these impurities in the composition from the time of manufacture until after use by the consumer /
Will be blocked. Therefore, it is most preferred to eliminate, suppress and / or prevent the formation of these malodors by the addition of fragrances, stabilizers, and / or the use of diamines substantially free of impurities.

Preferred organic diamines are those having a pK1 and pK2 of about 8.0 to about 11.5, preferably about 8.4 to about 11, and more preferably about 8.6 to about 10.75. . Preferred materials in view of performance and supply are 1,3-bis (methylamine) -cyclohexane, 1,3-propanediamine (pK1 = 10.5, pK2 = 8.8).
), 1,6-hexanediamine (pK1 = 11, pK2 = 10), 1,3-pentanediamine (Dytek EP) (pK1 = 10.5, pK2 = 8.9), 2-methyl-1,5-pentane Diamine (Dytek A) (pK1 = 11.2, pK2 = 10.0). Another preferred material is a primary / primary diamine containing a C4 to C8 alkylene spacer. In general, primary diamines are considered to be preferred over secondary and tertiary diamines.

Definitions of pK1 and pK2 As used herein, “pKa1” and “pKa2” are quantities of a type collectively known to those skilled in the art as “pKa”. Here, the pKa is used in the same manner as generally known to those skilled in the field of chemistry. Values listed here are from literature, e.g. Sm
Critical Stability Constants: Volume 2, Amines, by ith and Martel, P
lenum Press, NY and London, 1975. Information about the pKa can be further obtained from the literature of the relevant companies, for example from Dupont, the supplier of the diamine.

As a research definition, the pKa of a diamine is defined for an ionic strength of 0.1-0.5M in a total aqueous solution at 25 ° C. pKa is an equilibrium constant that can vary with temperature and ionic strength, and thus data reported in the literature may not match depending on the measurement method and conditions. To eliminate ambiguity, the pK of the present invention
The relevant terms and / or criteria to be used with respect to a
tability Constants: Volume 2, Amines ”Stipulated. One typical measurement method is the potentiometric titration of acids with sodium hydroxide and the pKa by the preferred method described and referenced in Shugar and Dean, The Chemist's Ready Reference Handbook, McGraw Hill, NY, 1990. Is the measurement.

Substituents and structural modifications that reduce pK1 and pK2 to less than about 8.0 have been found to be undesirable and cause performance degradation. This includes substitutions leading to ethoxylated diamines, hydroxyethyl-substituted diamines, diamines containing an oxygen in the beta position relative to the nitrogen in the spacer group (eg Jeffamine EDR 148). Furthermore, materials based on ethylenediamine are unsuitable.

The diamines useful herein are defined by the structure:

[0164]

Embedded image Wherein R _2-5 is independently selected from H, methyl, —CH ₃ CH ₂ , and ethylene oxide, and C _x and C _v are independently selected from a methylene group or a branched alkyl group. Wherein x + y is from about 3 to about 6, and A is optionally present and is selected from electron donating or withdrawing moieties to adjust the pKa of the diamine to the desired range. If A is present, x and y must both be greater than or equal to one.

Alternatively, a preferred diamine may be a diamine having a molecular weight of 400 g / mol or less. These diamines have the following formula:

[0166]

Embedded image Wherein R ⁶ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₄ linear or branched alkyl, alkyleneoxy having the formula:

-(R⁷O)_mR⁸ Where R⁷Is C₂~ C₄Of linear or branched alkylene, and
A mixture, R⁸Is hydrogen, C₁~ C₄Alkyl, and mixtures thereof
, M is from 1 to about 10, and X is i) C₃~ C₁₀Linear alkylene, C₃~ C₁₀A branched alkylene, C ₃ ~ C₁₀A cyclic alkylene, C₃~ C₁₀A branched cyclic alkylene of the following
Alkyleneoxyalkylene having the formula of-(R⁷O)_mR⁷-Where R⁷And m are as defined above), ii) C₃~ C₁₀Linear C₃~ C₁₀The branched linear shape of C₃~ C₁₀of
Annular, C₃~ C₁₀A branched cyclic alkylene, C₆~ C₁₀Arylene
(Wherein the unit comprises one or more electrons which give the diamine a pKa greater than about 8)
And iii) a mixture of (i) and (ii), provided that the diamine has a pKa of at least about 8.

Examples of preferred diamines include the following substances.

[0169]

Embedded image And their mixtures.

Solvents If desired, the compositions of the present invention can further comprise one or more solvents. These solvents can be used in combination with an aqueous liquid carrier or in the absence of an aqueous liquid carrier. Solvent temperature 20 ° C
It can be loosely defined as a compound that is liquid at ２５25 ° C. and is not considered a surfactant. One of the salient features is that solvents tend to exist as individual components rather than as an extensive mixture of compounds. Certain solvents useful in the hard surface cleaning compositions of the present invention have a continuous linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon moiety having 1 to 35 carbon atoms and 8 or less carbon atoms. Examples of suitable solvents for the present invention include methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, 2-methylpyrrolidone, benzyl alcohol and morpholine n-oxide. Of these solvents, methanol and isopropanol are preferred.

The composition used herein has 8 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 1 carbon atom, if desired.
An alcohol having a hydrocarbon chain of 6 may be included. The hydrocarbon chain may be branched or linear and may be a mono, di or polyalcohol. The composition used here may be present in an amount of 0.1 to 3% by weight, preferably 0 to 3% by weight, based on the whole composition.
. It may comprise from 1 to 1% by weight of such alcohols or mixtures thereof.

The solvents that can be used here include all solvents known to those skilled in the field of hard surface cleaning compositions. Solvents suitable for use herein include those having 4 to 1 carbon atoms.
4, preferably 6-12, more preferably 8-10 ethers and diethers. Other suitable solvents are glycols or alkoxylated glycols, alkoxylated aromatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, aliphatic branched alcohols, alkoxylated aliphatic branched alcohols, alkoxylated linear C
1-C5 alcohols, linear C1-C5 alcohols, C18-C14 alkyl and cycloalkyl hydrocarbons and halohydrocarbons, C6-C16 glycol ethers and mixtures thereof.

Suitable glycols that can be used herein are according to the formula HO—CR 1 R 2 —OH, wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently H or a C 2 -C 10 saturated or unsaturated fat. Group hydrocarbon chains and / or rings. Suitable glycols for use herein are dodecane glycol and / or propanediol.

Suitable alkoxylated glycols that can be used herein are of the formula R- (A) n-R1-
According to OH, wherein R is H, OH, a linear saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 15, more preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms. , R1 is H or a linear saturated or unsaturated alkyl having 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 15, more preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and A is an alkoxy group, preferably Is ethoxy, methoxy, and / or propoxy, and n is 1-5, preferably 1-2. Suitable alkoxylated glycols for use herein are methoxyoctadecanol and / or ethoxyethoxyethanol.

Suitable alkoxylated aromatic alcohols which can be used here are of the formula R- (A) n
According to —OH, wherein R is an alkyl-substituted or unalkyl-substituted aryl group having 1-20, preferably 2-15, more preferably 2-10 carbon atoms, and A is alkoxy Groups, preferably butoxy, propoxy and / or
Or ethoxy, and n is an integer of 1 to 5, preferably 1 to 2. Suitable alkoxylated aromatic alcohols are benzooxyethanol and / or benzooxypropanol.

Suitable aromatic alcohols which can be used here are according to the formula R-OH, wherein R is alkyl-substituted having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Or an aryl group which is not alkyl-substituted. For example,
A preferred aromatic alcohol for use herein is benzyl alcohol.

Suitable aliphatic branched alcohols which can be used here are according to the formula R-OH
In the formula, R has 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 15, more preferably 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
Certain branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups. Particularly suitable aliphatic branched alcohols for use herein include 2-ethylbutanol and / or 2-methylbutanol.

Suitable alkoxylated aliphatic branched alcohols which can be used here are according to the formula R- (A) n-OH, wherein R has 1 to 20, preferably 2 carbon atoms.
~ 15, more preferably 5-12, branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl groups, A is an alkoxy group, preferably butoxy, propoxy and / or ethoxy, and n is 1 To 5, preferably 1 to 2. Suitable alkoxylated aliphatic branched alcohols include 1-methylpropoxyethanol and / or 2-methylbutoxyethanol.

Suitable alkoxylated linear C1 to C5 alcohols which can be used here are according to the formula R- (A) n-OH, wherein R is 1 to 5, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Is a linear saturated or unsaturated alkyl group, wherein A is an alkoxy group, preferably butoxy, propoxy and / or ethoxy, and n is 1-5, preferably 1-2 It is an integer. Suitable alkoxylated aliphatic linear C1 -C5 alcohols are butoxypropoxypropanol (n-BPP), butoxyethanol, butoxypropanol, ethoxyethanol or mixtures thereof. Butoxypropoxypropanol is commercially available from Dow Chemical under the trade name n-BPP.

Suitable linear C 1 -C 5 alcohols which can be used here follow the formula R—OH, wherein R is a linear saturated C 1 -C 5, preferably 2-4, carbon atom. Or an unsaturated alkyl group. Suitable linear C1 -C5 alcohols are methanol, ethanol, propanol or mixtures thereof.

[0181] Other suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, butyl diglycol ether (BDGE), butyl triglycol ether, ter amylic alcohol, and the like. Particularly preferred solvents for use herein are butoxypropoxypropanol, butyl diglycol ether, benzyl alcohol, butoxypropanol, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, and mixtures thereof.

Typically, the composition used in the method of the invention preferably comprises 20% of the total composition.
%, More preferably from 0.5 to 10%, more preferably from 3 to 10%, even more preferably from 1 to 8% by weight of a solvent or a mixture thereof.

Other solvents suitable for use herein are propylene glycol derivatives such as n-butoxypropanol or n-butoxypropoxypropanol, water-soluble
CARBITOL (trade name) solvent or water-soluble CELLOSOLVE (trade name) solvent is included, and the water-soluble CARBITOL (trade name) solvent is a compound in the 2- (2-alkoxyethoxy) ethanol category, wherein the alkoxy group is Preferred water-soluble carbitols derived from ethyl, propyl or butyl are 2- (2), also called butyl carbitol.
-Butoxyethoxy) ethanol. The water-soluble CELLOSOLVE (trade name) solvent is
It is a compound of the 2-alkoxyethoxyethanol category, with 2-butoxyethoxyethanol being preferred. Other suitable solvents include benzyl alcohol, and diols such as 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-propanediol and mixtures thereof. Preferred solvents for use herein are n-butoxypropoxypropanol, BUTYL CARB
ITOL (trade name) and mixtures thereof.

The solvent can also be selected from the group of compounds comprising mono-, di- and tri-ethylene glycol, ether derivatives of propylene glycol, butylene glycol ether, and mixtures thereof. The molecular weight of these solvents is preferably less than 350, more preferably 100-300, even more preferably 115.
２５０250. Examples of preferred solvents include, for example, mono-ethylene glycol n-
Hexyl ether, mono-propylene glycol n-butyl ether, and tripropylene glycol methyl ether. Ethylene glycol and propylene glycol ether are trade names "Dowanol" from Dow Chemical Company
And from the Arco Chemical Company under the trade name "Arcosolv". Other preferred solvents, including mono- and di-ethylene glycol n-hexyl ether, are commercially available from Union Carbide.

Hydrophobic Solvents To improve cleaning in liquid compositions, hydrophobic solvents having cleaning activity can be used. Hydrophobic solvent that can be used in the hard surface cleaning composition of the present invention,
For example, it may be any of the well-known "degreasing" solvents commonly used in the dry cleaning, hard surface cleaning and metalworking industries.

Useful definitions of such solvents can be derived from the solubility parameters described in the Union Carbide publication “The Hoy”, which is incorporated herein by reference. The most useful parameter is believed to be the hydrogen bonding parameter calculated by the following equation:

[0187]

(Equation 1) Wherein, y H is hydrogen bond parameter, a is aggregation _{number, (Logα = 3.39066T b / T} c -0.15848-Log M), and d [gamma] T is the solubility parameter which is obtained from the following formula is there.

[0188]

(Equation 2) In the formula, ΔH ₂₅ is heat of vaporization at 25 ° C., and R is a gas constant (1.987 cal /
mole / deg), T is the absolute temperature (° K), _Tb is the boiling point (° K),
T _c is the critical temperature (° K), d is the density (g / ml), and M is the molecular weight.

For the compositions of the present invention, the hydrogen bonding parameter is preferably less than 7.7, more preferably 2-7, or 7.7, even more preferably 3-6. The lower the numerical value of the solvent, the more difficult it becomes to dissolve in the composition and the greater the tendency to cause haze on the glass. The higher the number, the more solvent is needed for good greasy / oily soil cleaning.

When present, the hydrophobic solvent comprises from 0.5% to 30%, preferably from 2% to 15%,
More preferably, it is used in an amount of 3% to 8%. Diluted compositions typically contain 1 solvent.
% To 10%, preferably 3% to 6%. The concentrated composition is 10% -30
%, Preferably 10% to 20% solvent.

Many such solvents comprise a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon moiety of the alkyl or cycloalkyl type and have a boiling point well above room temperature, ie, above 20 ° C.

One highly preferred solvent is limonene, which not only has good degreasing properties, but also has pleasant odor properties.

The formulator of this type of composition will, in part, select the solvent, in part from aesthetic considerations, in order to obtain good degreasing properties. For example, kerosene, which works very well for degreasing in the present composition, may give a foul odor. Kerosene must be very clean, even in commercial applications, before it can be used. For use in homes where bad odors are disliked, the formulator will select a solvent with a relatively pleasant odor that can be improved as appropriate by the addition of perfume.

C ₆ -C ₉ alkyl aromatic solvents, especially C ₆ -C ₉ alkyl benzenes, preferably octylbenzene, have excellent degreasing properties, have low and pleasant odors. Similarly, olefin solvents having a boiling point of at least 100 ° C., especially alpha-olefins, preferably 1-decene or 1-dodecene, are good degreasing solvents.

In general, the glycol ethers useful herein have the formula R ¹¹ O— (R ¹² O—) _m 1H, wherein each R ¹¹ is an alkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. , Each R ^1
2 is ethylene or propylene, and m ¹ is a number of ¹ to 3. Most preferred glycol ethers are monopropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, monopropylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, monoethylene glycol monohexyl ether, monoethylene Glycol monobutyl ether,
And mixtures thereof.

A particularly preferred type of solvent for these hard surface cleaning compositions comprises a diol having from 6 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecular structure. Preferred diol solvents are 0.1-20 g / 100 g water with a solubility in water at 20 ° C. Diol solvents, in addition to good degreasing properties, give the composition an excellent ability to remove calcium soap stains from surfaces, such as bathtub and shower cubicle walls. These stains are particularly difficult to remove, especially if the composition does not contain abrasives. Other solvents such as benzyl alcohol, n-hexanol, and phthalic esters of C _1-4 alcohols can also be used.

[0197] pine oil, orange terpene, benzyl alcohol, n- _{hexanol, C 1 -4} phthalate esters of alcohols, butoxy propanol, Butyl Carbitol® (
Trade name) and 1 (2-n-butoxy-1-methylethoxy) propan-2-ol (also called butoxypropoxypropanol or dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether), hexyl diglycol (Hexyl Carbitol (trade name))
), Butyl triglycol, diols such as 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3
-Solvents such as pentanediol and mixtures thereof can be used. The butoxy-propanol solvent contains more than 20%, preferably more than 10%, more preferably more than 7% of the secondary isomer (butoxy groups are added to the secondary atom of propanol to improve the odor. Should not be included).

When present, the amount of hydrophobic solvent is preferably 1% to 15%, more preferably 2% to 12%, even more preferably 5% to 10%.

Hydrotropes The compositions used in the method of the present invention can optionally comprise one or more materials that are hydrotropes. Suitable hydrotropes in the compositions of the present _invention, C 1 -C ₃ alkyl aryl _sulfonates, C 6 _{-C 12 alkanols,} C 1 -C ₆ carboxylic sulfates and sulfonates, _urea, C 1 -C ₆ hydrocarbyl carboxylate , _C 1 -C _{4 carboxylate,} mixture of C 2 -C ₄ organic diacids and their hydrotrope materials. The composition of the present invention comprises:
Preferably 0.5 to 8% by weight of the liquid detergent composition comprises xylene and toluene sulphonates of alkali metals and calcium.

Suitable C ₁ -C ₃ alkylaryl sulfonates include sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium xylene sulfonates, sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium toluene sulfonates, sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium salts. Cumene sulfonates and substituted or unsubstituted naphthalene sulfonates of sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium, and mixtures thereof.

Suitable C ₁ -C ₈ carboxyl sulfates or sulfonates have 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
(Excluding substituents) and are water-soluble salts or organic compounds substituted with sulfate or sulfonate and having at least one carboxyl group. The substituted organic compound may be cyclic, acyclic or aromatic, ie, a benzene derivative. Preferred alkyl compounds are those substituted with sulfate or sulfonate.
It has ４4 carbon atoms and has 1-2 carboxyl groups. Examples of this type of hydrotrope include sulfosuccinates, sulfophthalates, sulfoacetates, m
-Sulfobenzoates and diester sulfosuccinates, preferably the sodium or potassium salts described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,915,903.

C suitable for use herein₁~ C₄Hydrocarboxylate and C₁~ C ₄ Carboxylates include acetate and propionate and citrate
No. C suitable for use here₂~ C₄Diacids include succinic acid and gluta
Luic acid and adipic acid.

Other compounds that provide a hydrotropic effect suitable for use herein as a hydrotrope include C ₆ -C ₁₂ alkanols and urea.

Preferred hydrotropes for use herein are sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium cumene sulfonates, sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium xylene sulfonates, sodium, potassium,
Calcium and ammonium toluenesulfonates, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred are sodium cumene sulfonate and calcium xylene sulfonate and mixtures thereof. These preferred hydrotropes can be present in the composition in an amount of 0.5 to 8% by weight.

Polymeric Cell Stabilizer The compositions of the present invention can also include a polymeric cell stabilizer. The composition is preferably at least an effective amount, more preferably about 0.01 to about 10%, more preferably about 0.05 to about 5%, even more preferably about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of the composition. It comprises 2% by weight of the polymeric foam stabilizer described herein. An "effective amount of a polymeric foam stabilizer" is defined as having an amount of foam generated by the composition described herein and a foam persistence that does not include one or more of the polymeric foam stabilizers described herein. Meaning longer lasting compared to the composition. In addition, the polymeric foam stabilizer can be present as a free base or acid. Typical counterions include citrate, maleate, sulfate, chloride, and the like.

One preferred polymeric foam stabilizer is a polymer comprising at least one monomeric unit having the formula:

[0207]

Embedded image Wherein each of R ¹ , R ² and R ³ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, more preferably hydrogen or methyl. Selected from the group consisting of: L is a bond, O, NR ⁶ , S
R ⁷ R ⁸ and mixtures thereof, preferably O, NR ⁶ , wherein R ⁶ is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen,
C ₁ -C ₃ , and mixtures thereof, more preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, wherein each of R ⁷ and R ⁸ is independently hydrogen, O, C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl and mixture, preferably hydrogen, C 1 _{-C 3,} and mixtures thereof, more preferably selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or methyl. "O"
Oxygen bonded through a double bond, for example a carbonyl group. Furthermore, this means that if either or both of R ⁷ R ⁸ are “O”, then SR ⁷ R ⁸ can have the following structure:

[0208]

Embedded image Alternatively, SR ⁷ R ⁸ is a carbon number of 4 to 7, optionally containing an additional heteroatom, form a heterocyclic ring optionally substituted. For example, SR ⁷ R ⁸ may be the following substances:

[0209]

Embedded image However, it is preferred that SR ⁷ R ⁸ , when present, is not a heterocycle.

When L is a bond and z is not zero, it means that there is a direct bond between the carbon atom of the carbonyl and Z. For example,

Embedded image When L is a bond and z is zero, it means that L is a bond from a carbonyl atom to A. For example

Embedded image Z _{is, - (CH 2) -,} (CH 2 -CH = CH) -, - (CH 2 -CHOH)
—, (CH ₂ —CHNR ⁶ ) —, — (CH ₂ CHR ¹⁴ —O —) —, and a mixture thereof, and is preferably — (CH ₂ ) —. R ¹⁴ is _hydrogen, C 1 -C ₆ alkyl and mixtures thereof, preferably is selected from hydrogen, methyl, from the group consisting of ethyl, and mixtures thereof, z is from about 0 to about 12, preferably about 2 to about 10 And more preferably an integer selected from about 2 to about 6.

A is NR ⁴ R ⁵ In that case, each of R ⁴ and R ⁵ is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₈ linear or branched alkyl, and alkyleneoxy having the formula:

-(R ¹⁰ O) _y R ^{11 wherein} R ¹⁰ is a C ₂ -C ₄ linear or branched alkylene, and mixtures thereof, R ¹¹ is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₄ Alkyl, and mixtures thereof, wherein y is 1 to about 10. Preferably, R ⁴ and R ⁵ are independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl. Alternatively, the NR ⁴ R ^5, is 4-7 carbon atoms, optionally containing an additional heteroatom, optionally fused to a benzene ring, form a heterocyclic ring substituted by C ₁ -C ₈ hydrocarbyl optionally can do. Examples of suitable heterocycles (both substituted and unsubstituted materials) are Thiazolinyl, morpholine and mixtures thereof, with morpholino and piperazinyl being preferred. In addition, the polymeric foam stabilizer has a molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 2,000,000, preferably about 5
10,000 to about 1,000,000, more preferably about 10,000 to about 750,
000, more preferably from about 20,000 to about 500,000, even more preferably from about 35,000 to about 300,000 daltons. The molecular weight of the polymeric foaming accelerator can be measured by ordinary gel permeation chromatography.

The polymeric foam stabilizer is preferably selected from homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers, and other polymers (or multimers) of at least one monomeric unit. Cellular foam stabilizers can also be formed by the polymerization of at least one monomeric unit and a wide range of monomers. That is, all polymeric foam stabilizers may be homopolymers, copolymers, terpolymers, etc. of at least one monomeric unit, or at least one polymeric foam stabilizer may be used. , Terpolymers containing one, two or more monomer units of the formula (I), and one, two or more monomer units other than at least one monomer unit , Etc. In copolymers, terpolymers, etc., the distribution of monomers may be irregular or repeating.

Preferred cell stabilizers are homopolymers, copolymers or terpolymers comprising at least one monomeric unit selected from the following groups.

[0215]

Embedded image An example of a preferred homopolymer is 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DAM) having the formula:

[0216]

Embedded image Preferred copolymers include those having the following units.

[0219]

Embedded image One example of a preferred copolymer is a (DMA) / (DDMA) copolymer having the following general formula:

[0218]

Embedded image Here, the ratio of (DMA) to (DMAM) is about 1 to about 10, preferably about 1 to about 5
, More preferably about 1 to about 3.

One example of a preferred copolymer is a (DMAM) / (DMA) copolymer having the following general formula:

[0220]

Embedded image Here, the ratio of (DMAM) to (DMA) is about 1 to about 5, preferably about 1 to about 3.

Another preferred foam stabilizer polymer is a protein-based foam stabilizer. These substances may be peptides, polypeptides, amino acid containing copolymers, and mixtures thereof. All suitable amino acids can be used to form the backbone of a peptide, polypeptide, or amino acid-containing copolymer of the invention, provided that at least 10% to about 40% of the amino acids making up the peptide are present. , PH 7 to about 11.
It is necessary to be able to protonate at 5.

In general, suitable amino acids for use in forming the proteinaceous foam stabilizers of the present invention have 2 to 22 carbon atoms and have the following formula:

[0223]

Embedded image Wherein R and R ¹ are each independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ linear or branched alkyl, C ₁ -C ₆ substituted alkyl, and mixtures thereof. The indices x and y are each independently 0 to 2.

An example of a more preferred amino acid of the invention is the amino acid lysine having the formula:

[0225]

Embedded image Wherein R is a substituted C ₁ alkyl moiety and the substituent is 4-imidazolyl.

One suitable protein-based foam stabilizer is composed entirely of amino acids. The polyamino acid compound may be a natural peptide, polypeptide, enzyme, etc. provided that the compound has an isoelectric point of about 7 to about 11.5 and a molecular weight of about 1500 daltons or more. An example of a polyamino acid suitable as the protein foam stabilizer of the present invention is the enzyme lysozyme.

Another preferred polymeric foam stabilizer is a homopolymer or a copolymer, wherein the monomers making up the homopolymer or the copolymer can be protonated at a pH of about 4 to about 12, Or a moiety capable of deprotonating at a pH of about 4 to about 12, or a mixture of both types of moieties.

A preferred class of zwitterionic polymers suitable for use as cell volume and cell persistence enhancers has the formula:

[0229]

Embedded image Wherein R is C ₁ -C ₁₂ linear alkylene, C ₁ -C ₁₂ branched alkylene, and mixtures thereof, preferably C ₁ -C ₄ linear alkylene, C ₃ -C _4.
Branched alkylene of C _4, more preferably methylene and 1,2-propylene. R ¹ and R ² are defined below. The index x is 0 to 6, y is 0 or 1, and z is 0 or 1. The index n indicates that the zwitterionic polymer of the present invention has an average molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 2,000,000, preferably about 5,000 to about 5,000.
About 1,000,000, more preferably about 10,000 to about 750,000, more preferably about 20,000 to about 500,000, and even more preferably about 350,000.
It has a value such that it is between about 00 and about 300,000 daltons. The molecular weight of the polymeric foam stabilizer can be measured by ordinary gel permeation chromatography.

The anionic unit -R ¹ is a unit that can have a negative charge at a pH of about 4 to about 12. Preferred R ¹ has the following formula:

-(L) _i- (S) _j -R ^{3 In the} formula, L is a bonding unit independently selected from the following group and a mixture thereof.

[0232]

Embedded image Wherein R ′ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen, or R ′ and S have 4-7 carbon atoms;
An optionally substituted heterocycle can be formed, optionally containing other heteroatoms.

Preferably, the linking group L can be introduced into the molecule as part of the original monomer backbone, for example, a polymer having L units of the formula O Ｏ—CO— It may have this moiety introduced into the polymer via a monomer, for example a monomer having the general formula:

[0234]

Embedded image When the index i is 0, L does not exist.

With respect to the anionic units, S is “a spacing unit”, and each S unit is
Stand up, C₁~ C₁₂Linear alkylene, C₁~ C₁₂Branched alkylene
, C₃~ C₁₂Linear alkenylene, C₃~ C₁₂Branched alkenylene,
C₃~ C₁₂A hydroxyalkylene, C₄~ C₁₂Dihydroxyalkylene
, C₆~ C₁₀Arylene, C₈~ C₁₂Dialkylarylene,-(R⁵O) _k R⁵-,-(R⁵O)_kR⁶(OR⁵)_k-, -CH₂CH (OR⁷) CH₂ -And mixtures thereof, wherein R⁵Is C₂~ C₄Linear alkylene
, C₃~ C₄Branched alkylenes, and mixtures thereof, preferably ethylene
Ethylene, 1,2-propylene, and mixtures thereof, more preferably ethylene.
R⁶Is C₂~ C₁₂Linear alkylenes, and mixtures thereof, preferably
Is ethylene and R⁷Is hydrogen, C₁~ C₄Alkyl, and mixtures thereof,
Preferably it is hydrogen. The index k is between 1 and about 20.

R ³ is independently hydrogen, —CO ₂ M, —SO ₃ M, —OSO ₃ M, —CH ₂ P (O) (OM) ₂ , —OP (O) (OM) ₂ , It is selected from units having the following formula:

[0237] -CR⁸R⁹R¹⁰ Where each R⁸, R⁹, And R¹⁰Is independently hydrogen,-(CH₂)_mR¹¹ , And mixtures thereof;¹¹Is -CO₂H, -SO ₃ M, -OSO₃M, -CH (CO₂H) CH₂CO₂H, CH₂P (O) (O
H)₂, OP (O) (OH)₂And mixtures thereof, preferably -C
O₂H, -CH (CO₂H) CH₂CO₂H, and mixtures thereof,
More preferably -CO₂H, where R⁸, R⁹, And R¹⁰One of
Not a hydrogen atom, but preferably R⁸, R⁹, And R¹⁰Are hydrogen.
M is hydrogen or a cation forming a salt, preferably hydrogen. The index m is 0-1
It has a value of 0.

[0238] Cationic Units -R ² is a unit capable of having a positive charge at a pH of about 4 to about 12. Preferred R ² has the following formula:

— (L ¹ ) _{i ′} — (S) _{j ′} —R ^{4 In the} formula, L ¹ is a bonding unit independently selected from the following group and a mixture thereof.

[0240]

Embedded image Wherein R ′ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen, or R ′ and S have 4-7 carbon atoms;
An optionally substituted heterocycle can be formed, optionally containing other heteroatoms. If the number i 'is 0, L ¹ does not exist.

Regarding cationic units, S is “a unit that separates”, and each S unit is
Stand up, C₁~ C₁₂Linear alkylene, C₁~ C₁₂Branched alkylene
, C₃~ C₁₂Linear alkenylene, C₃~ C₁₂Branched alkenylene,
C₃~ C₁₂A hydroxyalkylene, C₄~ C₁₂Dihydroxyalkylene
, C₆~ C₁₀Arylene, C₈~ C₁₂Dialkylarylene,-(R⁵O) _k R⁵-,-(R⁵O)_kR⁶(OR⁵)_k-, -CH₂CH (OR⁷) CH₂ -And mixtures thereof, wherein R⁵Is C₂~ C₄Linear alkylene
, C₃~ C₄Branched alkylenes, and mixtures thereof, preferably ethylene
Ethylene, 1,2-propylene, and mixtures thereof, more preferably ethylene.
R⁶Is C₂~ C₁₂Linear alkylenes, and mixtures thereof, preferably
Is ethylene and R⁷Is hydrogen, C₁~ C₄Alkyl, and mixtures thereof,
Preferably it is hydrogen. The index k is between 1 and about 20.

R ⁴ is independently amino, alkylamino, carboxamide, 3-imidazolyl, 4-imidazolyl, 2-imidazolinyl, 4-imidazolinyl, 2-piperidinyl, 3-piperidinyl, 4-piperidinyl, 1-pyrazolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 4-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl, 1-pyrazolinyl, 3-pyrazolinyl, 4-pyrazolinyl, 5-pyrazolinyl, 2-pyridinyl, 3-pyridinyl,
Selected from pyridinyl, piperazinyl, 2-pyrrolidinyl, 3-pyrrolidinyl, guanidino, amidino, and mixtures thereof, preferably dialkylamino having the formula:

-N (R ¹¹ ) ₂ wherein each R ¹¹ is independently hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, and mixtures thereof, preferably hydrogen or methyl, or two R ¹¹ has 4 carbon atoms
~ 8, optionally containing other heteroatoms, to form an optionally substituted heterocycle.

Examples of preferred zwitterionic polymers of the present invention have the formula:

[0245]

Embedded image Wherein X is C ₆ and n has an average molecular weight of about 5,000 to about 1,000,000.
It has a value that makes it Dalton.

Another preferred zwitterionic polymer of the present invention is a polymer in which each monomer has only a cationic unit or an anionic unit, and the polymer has the following formula:

Embedded image Wherein R, R ¹ , x, y, and z are as defined above, and n ¹ + n ² = n
And n is a molecular weight of the formed zwitterionic polymer of about 5,000 to about 1,
It has a value such that it becomes 1,000,000 daltons.

Examples of polymers having monomers containing only anionic or cationic units have the formula:

[0248]

Embedded image Wherein, ^{n 1} and the sum of ^{n 2,} the average molecular weight of the polymer is about 5,000 to about 750
2,000 daltons.

Another preferred zwitterionic polymer of the present invention is a polymer having limited crosslinking, wherein the polymer has the formula:

[0250]

Embedded image Where R, R ¹ , L ¹ , S, j ′, x, y, and z are as defined above, n ′ is equal to n ″, and the value of n ′ + n ″ is n ¹ + n ² = 5% or less of the value of n, where n gives the polymer an average molecular weight of about 1,000 to about 2,000,000 daltons. R ¹² is nitrogen, C ₁ -C ₁₂ linear alkyleneaminoalkylene having the formula: L ¹ , and mixtures thereof.

[0251] -R ^{13 -N-R 13} - wherein each ^{R 13} is ^{L 1} or ethylene independently.

The zwitterionic polymers of the present invention can comprise any combination of monomer units, for example, combining several different monomers with different R ¹ and R ² groups to provide suitable cell stabilization. An agent can be formed. Alternatively, it is also possible vice versa to use the same R ¹ unit, selects a different R ² units.

Further, another preferred type of polymeric foam stabilizer is a polymer comprising units capable of having a cationic charge at a pH of about 4 to about 12, provided that the foam stabilizer is At a pH of about 4 to about 12 and an average cationic charge density of about 0.0005 to about 0.05 units per 100 daltons molecular weight. Further, the polymeric foam stabilizer can be present as a free base or salt. Typical counterions include:
Citrate, maleate, sulfate, chloride and the like.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term “cationic unit” refers to “a moiety capable of maintaining a cationic charge in the pH range from about 4 to about 12 when incorporated into the structure of the foam stabilizer of the present invention. .
The cationic units need not be protonated at any pH in the range of about pH 4 to about 12. Is defined as Examples of units comprising a cationic moiety include:
Lysine, ornithine, a monomeric unit having the formula:

Embedded image A monomeric unit having the formula:

Embedded image A monomeric unit having the formula:

Embedded image A monomeric unit having the formula:

Embedded image And a monomeric unit having the formula:

Embedded image (This last unit also comprises a moiety that can have an anionic charge at a pH of about 4 to about 12), but is not limited thereto.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term “anionic unit” refers to “a moiety capable of maintaining an anionic charge in the pH range from about 4 to about 12 when incorporated into the structure of the foam stabilizer of the present invention. .
The anionic units do not need to be deprotonated at any pH within the range of about pH 4 to about 12. Is defined as Examples of units comprising an anionic moiety include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, monomeric units having the formula:

Embedded image And a monomeric unit having the formula:

Embedded image (This last unit also comprises a moiety that can have a cationic charge at a pH of about 4 to about 12. This last unit is referred to herein as "anion and cation at a pH of about 4 to about 12. Is defined as "a unit capable of having an electric charge").

For the purposes of the present invention, the term “uncharged unit” refers to “uncharged moiety in the pH range from about 4 to about 12 when incorporated into the structure of the cell stabilizer of the present invention”. Is defined as Examples of "uncharged units" are styrene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, 1,2-phenylene, esters, amides, ketones, ethers, and the like.

The units comprising the polymers of the present invention can have any pKa value as a single unit or monomer.

The formulator can combine all suitable monomers or units to form a polymeric foam stabilizer, for example, combining amino acids with polyacrylate units.

Other information regarding these and other suitable cell stabilizing polymers, and methods for their preparation, can be found in PCT / US98 / 24853, filed Nov. 20, 1998 (Document No. 6938), PCT / US98 / 24707, filed on November 20, 1998 (document number 6939), PCT / US98 / 24699, 1998
Filed on November 20, 2008 (Document No. 6943), and PCT / US98 / 2485
2, No. 2, filed on Nov. 20, 1998 (Document No. 6947).

Enzymes The detergent compositions of the present invention can further include one or more detergent enzymes that improve cleaning performance. The enzymes include cellulase, hemicellulase, peroxidase, protease, gluco-amylase, amylase, lipase, cutinase, pectinase, xylanase, reductase, oxidase, phenol oxidase, lipoxygenase, ligninase, pullulanase, tannase, pentosanase,
An enzyme selected from malanases, β-glucanases, arabinosidases, or mixtures thereof. A preferred combination is a detergent composition having a mixture of conventionally available enzymes, for example, proteases, amylases, lipases, cutinases, and / or cellulases. The enzyme, when present in the composition, is from about 0.0001 to about 5% by weight of the detergent composition.

[0261] Proteolytic enzymes proteolytic enzymes, animal, may be derived from plants or microorganisms (preferably). Proteases used in the detergent compositions of the present invention include trypsin, subtilisin, chymotrypsin and elastase-type proteases (
However, it is not limited to these.) Subtilisin-type proteases are preferred for use herein. Bacterial serine proteases obtained from Bacillus subtilis and / or Bacillus li cheniformis are particularly preferred.

Suitable proteolytic enzymes include Noval Industri A / S Alcalase (trade name) (preferred), Esperase (trade name), Savinase (trade name) (Copenhagen, Denmark), and Maxatase (trade name) from Gist-brocades. Name), Maxacal (product name) and Mxapem
15 (trade name) (protein engineered Maxacal (trade name)) (Delft, The Netherlands) and commercially available subtilisins BPN and BPN '(preferred). Denatured bacterial serine proteases such as those produced by Genencor International, Inc. (San Francisco, CA) are also preferred proteolytic enzymes, which are described in EP 251,446 issued Dec. 28, 1994.
It is described in the specification of B (especially pages 17, 24 and 98) and is referred to herein as "protease B". U.S. Pat. No. 5,030,378, Venega
s, promulgated July 9, 1991, relates to a denatured bacterial serine proteolytic enzyme (Genencor International) (same as BPN '), referred to herein as "Protease A". See paragraphs 2 and 3 of US Pat. No. 5,030,378 for a full description of Protease A and its variants, including the amino sequence. Other proteases are commercially available under the trade names Primase, Durazym, Opticlean and Optimase. Thus, a preferred proteolytic enzyme is Alcalase (trade name) (Novo Indu
stri A / S), BPN ', protease A, and protease B (Genencor), and mixtures thereof. Protease B is most preferred.

The proteases disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,470,733 are of particular interest for use herein.

The proteases described in our pending application No. USSN 08 / 136,797 can also be incorporated into the detergent compositions of the present invention.

Another preferred protease, referred to as "Protease D", is a carbonyl hydrolase variant having an amino acid sequence not found in nature, which is derived from the precursor carbonyl hydrolase by Genencor International in an international patent. No. WO95 / 10615, published on April 20, 1995 (A. Baeck et al.
U.S. Patent Application 08, entitled "Protease-Containing Cleaning Compositions"
No./322,376, filed Oct. 13, 1994), the numbering of a plurality of amino acid residues at a position equal to position +76 in the carbonyl hydrolase by the numbering of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subtilisin. The groups are preferably +99, +101, +103, +104, +107, +123, +27, +
105, +109, +126, +128, +135, +156, +166, +1
95, +197, +204, +206, +210, +216, +217, +21
8, +222, +260, +265 and / or +274 in combination with one or more amino acid residue positions equivalent to positions selected from the group consisting of and obtained by replacing with a different amino acid.

Useful proteases are described in PCT Publication, WO 95/3010, Th.
Published by e Procter & Gamble Company on November 9, 1995, WO95 / 3
Issue 0011, published by The Procter & Gamble Company on November 9, 1995,
WO 95/29979, The Procter & Gamble Company, 1995
It is also described in each specification published on January 9, 2009.

The protease enzyme is present in the composition of the present invention at 0.0001 to 2% by weight of the composition.
It can be blended in the amount of active enzyme.

[0268] In order to remove the dyeing amylase carbohydrate-based, may include amylases (alpha and / or beta). Suitable amylases are Termamyl (Novo Nordisk), Fung
amyl (trade name) and BAN (trade name) (Novo Nordisk). These enzymes are
It may be from any suitable source, such as plants, animals, bacteria, fungi and yeast. Amylase enzymes are typically present in 0.0001 to 2% by weight of the detergent composition,
Preferably from about 0.0001 to about 0.5% by weight, more preferably from about 0.0005 to about 0.5% by weight.
About 0.1% by weight, more preferably about 0.001% to about 0.05% by weight, of the active enzyme is incorporated into the detergent composition.

The amylase enzyme is described in WO 95/26397 and Novo Nor
Also included are enzymes described in application PCT / DK96 / 00056, pending review by disk. Accordingly, other specific amylase enzymes for use in the detergent compositions of the present invention include the following enzymes.

(A) 25 ° C. to 5 ° C. as measured by a Phadebas (trade name) α-amylase activity assay
An α-amylase having a specific activity at pH 8 to 10 which is at least 25% higher than that of Termamyl (trade name) in a temperature range of 5 ° C. Such Phadeb
As (trade name) α-amylase activity assay is described in International Patent Publication No. WO95 / 26397, pp. 9-10.

(B) comprises the amino acid sequence shown in the SEQ ID list in the above-mentioned document (a
) Or an α-amylase that is at least 80% similar to the amino acid sequence set forth in the SEQ ID list.

(C) The following amino sequence at the N-terminus: His-His-Asn-Gly-Thr-Asn-Gly-Th
The α-amylase of (a), which comprises r-Met-Met-Gln-Tyr-Phe-Glu-Trp-Tyr-Leu-Pro-Asn-Asp.

If the comparison of the respective amino acid sequences performed by an algorithm such as that described by Lipman and Pearson in Science 227, 1985, p. % Considered to be related.

(D) The α-amylase was derived from an alkaline-philic Bacillus cultivar, especially strain NCIB 12289,
Which can be obtained from any of NCIB 12512, NCIB 12513 and DSM 935, (a
Α-amylase of -c).

[0275] In the present invention, the term "obtainable from" not only refers to amylases produced by Bacillus strains, encoded by a DNA sequence isolated from such a Bacillus strain, the DNA It is also intended to refer to α-amylase produced in a host organism transformed with the sequence.

(E) α-amylases each having an amino acid sequence corresponding to α-amylase (ad)
Α-Amylase showing positive immunological cross-reactivity with antibodies raised against amylase.

(F) (i) variants of the parent α-amylase each having one of the amino acid sequences corresponding to α-amylases (ae), or (ii) at least 80% of one or more of the amino acid sequences And / or α- having one of said amino acid sequences
A DNA sequence which is immunologically cross-reactive with antibodies raised against amylase and / or which hybridizes with the same probe as the DNA sequence encoding α-amylase having one of said amino acid sequences A variant of the parent α-amylase. In these variants: At least one amino acid residue of the parent α-amylase has a deletion mutation;
And / or 2. 2. at least one amino acid residue of the parent α-amylase has been replaced by a different amino acid residue, and / or At least one amino acid residue has been inserted with respect to the parent α-amylase, the variant having α-amylase activity and having the following properties relative to the parent α-amylase, namely an increase in thermostability: Increased stability to oxidation, reduced Ca ion dependence, increased stability at neutral to relatively high pH values and / or increased α-starch degrading activity, increased α-starch degrading activity at relatively high temperatures, And the pI value of the α-amylase variant and the p
One example is the improvement of the compatibility of H.

[0279] These variants are described in PCT / DK96 / 00056.

Other amylases suitable herein include, for example, GB 1,296,8 to Novo.
No. 39, α-amylase, RAPIDASE (trade name), Internat
ional Bio-Synthetics, Inc. and TERMAMYL (trade name), Novo. FUNGAMYL (trade name) available from Novo is particularly useful. The manipulation of enzymes to improve stability, eg, oxidative stability, is known. For example, J. Biological Chem., Vol. 260,
No. 11, June 1985, pages 6518-6521. Certain preferred embodiments of the composition have improved stability in detergents, such as automatic dishwashers, especially 199.
Amylase with improved oxidative stability, measured against the reference point of TERMAMYL (trade name), which is commercially available for 3 years, can be used. These preferred amylases have in common the feature of "enhanced stability" amylase, e.g. oxidative stability to hydrogen peroxide / tetraacetylethylenediamine in a buffer solution at pH 9-10, e.g. It is characterized in that the thermal stability at normal washing temperature, or the alkali stability at, for example, a pH of about 8 to about 11, is at least measurably improved when measured against the above standard amylase. . Stability can be measured using any of the technical tests disclosed in the art. See, for example, the literature described in International Patent Publication No. WO9402597. Amylases with enhanced stability are available from Novo or Genencor International.
A group of highly preferred amylases here is, whether or not one, two or more amylase species are direct precursors, one or more Bacillus amylase, especially Baci
It has in common that it is obtained from llus α-amylase using site-directed mutagenesis. Amylases with enhanced oxidative stability over the standard amylases described above are particularly preferred for use in oxygen bleaching detergent compositions different from bleaching, more preferably chlorine bleaching. Such preferred amylases include (a) International Patent No. WO9402 mentioned above.
No. 597, Novo, Feb. 3, 1994, amylase, [TERMAMYL (
197 position of B. Licheniformis alpha-amylase, known as B. amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis or B. stearothermophilus
And methionine residues at similar positions in similar parent amylases such as are replaced with alanine or threonine, preferably threonine.], (B) the 207th American Chemical Society Nati
onal Meeting, March 13-17 Genencor International, C. Mitchinson at 1994
Is a stability-enhancing amylase whose research was announced by Oxidatively Resistant alpha-Amylases. In that publication, it was stated that bleach in automatic dishwashing detergents inactivates alpha-amylase, but an amylase with improved oxidative stability was produced by Genencor from B. Licheniformis NCIB8061. . Methionine (Met) has been identified as the most easily modified residue. Replacing Met with positions 8, 15, 197, 256, 304, 366 and 438 respectively
Special mutants have been formed, most notably M197L and M197T
And the M197T mutant is the most stable expression mutant. CASCADE stability
(Product name) and SUNLIGHT (product name). (C) Particularly preferred amylases here are amylase variants further modified in the immediate parent, as described in WO 9510603A, from the assignee Novo to DURA.
Commercially available as MYL (trade name). Other particularly preferred amylases with enhanced oxidative stability include International Patent No. WO941831 to Genencor International.
No. 4 and WO9402597 to Novo. Any other amylase with enhanced oxidative stability, such as obtained by site-directed mutagenesis from known chimeric, hybrid, or parent forms of available simple mutants of amylase, can be used. Other preferred enzyme modifications can also be used. See International Patent No. WO95090909A to Novo.

Various carbohydrase enzymes that provide antimicrobial activity can also be included in the present invention. Such enzymes include US Pat. No. 5,044, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
Nos. 1,236, 5,395,541, 5,238,843, and 5
, 356, 803, the type of endoglycosidase,
II endoglycosidase, and glucosidase. Of course, other enzymes having antimicrobial activity can also be used, including peroxidase, oxidase and various other enzymes.

If an enzyme is present in the composition of the present invention, an enzyme stabilizing system can be included in the composition.

[0282] Useful perfumes and perfume ingredients in the compositions and methods of perfume invention comprise a wide variety of natural and synthetic chemical components, encompass aldehydes, ketones, esters, etc., are limited to Not something. Various natural extracts and essences that can comprise complex mixtures of ingredients, such as orange oil, lemon oil, rose extract, lavender, mask, patchouli, balsam essence, sandalwood oil,
Pine oils, cedars, and the like are also included. The finished perfume can comprise a very complex mixture of such components. The finished perfume typically comprises from about 0.01 to about 2% by weight of the detergent composition and the individual perfume ingredients comprise from about 0.0001 to about 90% by weight of the finished perfume composition. be able to.

Examples of perfume ingredients useful herein include 7-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6
, 7,8-Octahydro-1,1,6,7-tetralumethylnaphthalene, ionone methyl, ionone gamma methyl, methyl cedrilone, methyl dihydrojasmonate, methyl 1,6,10-trimethyl-2,5 9-cyclododecatrien-1-yl ketone, 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin, 4-acetyl-6-tert-butyl-1,1-dimethylindane,
Para-hydroxy-phenyl-butanone, benzophenone, methyl beta-naphthyl ketone, 6-acetyl-1,1-2,3,3,5-hexamethylindane,
5-acetyl-3-isopropyl-1,1,2,6-tetramethylindane, 1
-Dodecanal, 4- (4-hydroxy-4-methylpentyl) -3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanal, 10-undecen-1-al, iso-hexenylcyclohexylcarboxy Aldehyde, formyltricyclodecane, condensation product of hydroxycitronellal and methyl anthranilate, condensation product of hydroxycitronellal and indole, condensation product of phenylacetaldehyde and indole, 2-methyl-3-
(Para-tert-butylphenyl) -propionaldehyde, ethylvanillin, heliotropin, hexylcinnamaldehyde, amylcinnamaldehyde,
2-methyl-2- (para-iso-propylphenyl) -propionaldehyde,
Coumarin, decalactone gamma, cyclopentadecanolide, 16-hydroxy-
9-hexadecenoic acid lactone, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6
, 6,7,8,8-Hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzo-pyran,
Beta-naphthol methyl ether, ambroxane, dodecahydro-3a, 6
, 6,9a-Tetramethyl-naphtho [2,1b] furan, cedrol, 5- (2
, 2,3-Trimethylcyclopenta-3-enyl) -3-methylpentane-2-
All, 2-ethyl-4- (2,2,3-trimethyl-3-cyclopentene-1
-Yl) -2-buten-1-ol, caryophyllene alcohol, tricyclodecenyl propionate, tricyclodecenyl acetate, benzyl salicylate,
Examples include, but are not limited to, seryl acetate, and para- (tert-butyl) cyclohexyl acetate.

Particularly preferred perfume materials are those that provide maximum odor improvement in the final composition comprising cellulase. These fragrances include hexylcinnamaldehyde, 2
-Methyl-3- (para-tert-butylphenyl) -propionaldehyde,
7-acetyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,1,6
7-tetralumethylnaphthalene, benzyl salicylate, 7-acetyl-1,1
, 3,4,4,6-hexamethyltetralin, para- (tert-butyl) cyclohexyl acetate, methyldihydrojasmonate, beta-naphthol methyl ether, methyl beta-naphthyl ketone, 2-methyl-2- (para- Iso-propylphenyl) -propionaldehyde, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-
Benzo-pyran, dodecahydro-3a, 6,6,9a-tetramethyl-naphtho [
2,1b] furan, anisaldehyde, coumarin, cedrol, vanillin, cyclopentadecanolide, tricyclodecenyl acetate, and tricyclodecenyl propionate, but are not limited thereto. .

Other flavoring materials include, but are not limited to, essential oils, resinoids, and peruvian balsams, oribanum resinoids, stylax, labdanum resins, nutmeg, cassia oil, benzoin resins, coriander, and lavandin. No) resins from various sources. Still other perfume chemicals include phenylethyl alcohol, terpineol, linalool, linalyl acetate, geraniol, nerol, 2- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -cyclohexanol acetate, benzyl acetate, and eugenol. A carrier such as diethylnaphthalene can be used in the final perfume composition.

Dispersant Polymer The composition used in the method of the present invention may optionally comprise from about 0.1% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 10%, by weight of the composition, of the dispersant polymer. Can also be included. Dispersant polymers are compounds that act as soil dispersants in aqueous cleaning solutions. That is, the dispersant polymer suspends the soil dispersant in solution and prevents the soil dispersant from redepositing on the fabric or dishware. Thus, the dirt is removed together with the cleaning liquid. Dispersant polymers are well known common components and are commercially available from BASF Corp. and Rohm & Haas. Typical examples include polyethoxylated amines and acrylic / maleic acid copolymers.

Soil Release Agents The compositions of the present invention can optionally comprise one or more soil release agents. The polymeric soil release agent adheres to the hydrophobic fibers, e.g., polyester or nylon, on the hydrophilic portion to impart hydrophilicity to the surface, and onto the hydrophobic fibers, and remains there until the washing cycle is completed. And having a hydrophobic portion that functions as an anchor for the hydrophilic portion. This makes it easier to clean dirt that has adhered after the treatment with the soil release agent in a later washing step.

When used, soil release agents generally comprise from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the composition,
Preferably about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, more preferably about 0.2 to about 3% by weight.

The following references, all incorporated herein by reference, disclose soil release polymers suitable for use in the present invention. U.S. Patent No. 5,691,298, Gosselink
et al., promulgated November 25, 1997, No. 5,599,782, Pan et al.,
Proposed February 4, 1997, No. 5,415,807, Gosselink et al., 199
Issued May 16, 5th, No. 5,182,043, Morrall et al., 1993 January
Promulgated on April 26, No. 4,956,447, Gosselink et al., September 1, 1990
1 day promulgation, No. 4,976,879, Maldonado et al., December 11, 1990
No. 4,968,451, Scheibel et al., Promulgated November 6, 1990, No. 4,925,577, Borcher, Sr. et al., Promulgated May 15, 1990, No. 4. No. 861, 512, Gosselink, promulgated August 29, 1989, No. 4,
877,896, Maldonado et al., Promulgated October 31, 1989, Nos. 4,7.
No. 71,730, Gosselink et al., Promulgated October 27, 1987, No. 711,
No. 730, Gosselink et al., Promulgated on December 8, 1987, 4,721,58.
No. 0, Gosselink, Jan. 26, 1988, promulgated, No. 4,000,093, Ni
col et al., promulgated December 28, 1976, No. 3,959,230, Hays, 1
Proposed May 25, 976, 3,893,929, Basadur, promulgated July 8, 1975, and European Patent Application No. 0219048, Kud et al., 198.
Each specification published on April 22, 2007.

Other suitable soil release agents are described in US Pat. No. 4,2,2, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
01,824, Violland et al., 4,240,918, Lagasse et al.
No. 4,525,524, Tung et al., No. 4,579,681, Ruppert.
et al., No. 4,220,918, No. 4,787,989, Rhone-Poulenc Ch.
EP 279,134A to emie, EP 45 to BASF
7,205 (1991), and German Patent 2,335 to Unilever NV.
No. 044, 1974.

Brighteners The compositions used herein may include any optical brighteners or other glossing or whitening agents known in the art, typically from about 0.05 to about 1 to about 1% of the detergent composition. .
It can be present in an amount of 2% by weight. Commercially available optical brighteners useful in the present invention include stilbene derivatives, pyrazolines, coumarins, carboxylic acids, methine cyanines, dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxides, azoles, 5 and 6 membered heterocyclic compounds, and other agents. It can be classified into subgroups including, but not necessarily limited to. An example of such a brightener is "The Production and Applicat
ion of Fluorescent Brightening Agents, '' M. Zahradnik, John Wiley & Sons,
New York (1982).

Specific examples of optical brighteners useful in the present compositions are described in US Pat. No. 4,790,85.
No. 6, issued December 13, 1988, issued to Wixon. These brighteners include the PHORWHITE series available from Verona. Other brighteners described in this document include Tinopal UNPA, available from Ciba-Geigy.
Artic Wh, from Tinopal CBS and Tinopal 5BM, Hilton-Davis, Italy
ite CC and Artic White CWD, 2- (4-styryl-phenyl) -2H-naphthol [1,2-d] triazole, 4,4'-bis- (1,2,3-triazol-2-yl)- Stilbene, 4,4'-bis (styryl) bisphenyl, and amino-coumarin. Specific examples of these brighteners include 4-
Methyl-7-diethylaminocoumarin, 1,2-bis (-benzimidazole-
2-yl) ethylene, 1,3-diphenyl-furazoline, 2,5-bis (benzoxazol-2-yl) -thiophene, 2-styryl-naphtho- [1,2-d
] -Oxazole, and 2- (stilben-4-yl) -2H-naphtho [1,
2-d] triazole. U.S. Pat. No. 3,646,015,
See also promulgation to Hamilton on February 29, 1972. Here, an anionic brightener is preferred.

The other component compositions are preferably polysaccharides, abrasives, bactericides, anti-fogging agents, dyes, buffers, new fungicides or mildew inhibitors, insect repellants, fragrances, thickeners, processing aids. It may further comprise one or more detergent auxiliary ingredients selected from agents, corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers and antioxidants. A wide variety of other ingredients useful in detergent compositions, including other active ingredients, carriers, antioxidants, processing aids, dyes or pigments, solvents for liquid formulations, etc. Can be included.

Common components include one or more materials to assist or enhance cleaning performance, the treatment of the substrate to be cleaned, or to improve the aesthetics of the composition. Common auxiliary components of detergent compositions are disclosed in US Pat. No. 3,936,537, Baskerville et al.
al., including the components described in US Pat. In the composition used in the present invention, a usual,
Auxiliary ingredients which can be used in the art-established use amounts (generally from 0% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.5% to about 10% of the detergent components) include other active ingredients, such as enzyme stabilizers , Color speckles, anti-fog and / or corrosion inhibitors, dyes, fillers, optical brighteners, bactericides, alkalinity sources, antioxidants, enzyme stabilizers, fragrances, dyes, solubilizers, clay stains Including removal / redeposition inhibitors, carriers, processing aids, pigments, solvents for liquid formulations, fabric softeners, antistatic agents, and the like. Dye transfer inhibitors including polyamine N-oxides, such as polyvinylpyridine N-oxide, can be used. Other examples of dye transfer inhibitors include polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of N-vinylimidazole and N-vinylpyrrolidone. If desired, soluble magnesium salts such as MgCl _2, MgSO _4, etc., added in typical amounts of 0.1% to 2% in the, it is possible to enhance grease removal performance.

The various detergent components used in the present compositions, if desired, are further stabilized by absorbing the components onto a porous hydrophobic substrate and then applying a hydrophobic coating to the substrate. be able to. Preferably, the detergent component is mixed with the surfactant before it is absorbed into the porous substrate. During use, the detergent components are released from the substrate into the wash water to perform its intended detergent function.

In order to explain this technique in more detail, a porous hydrophobic silica (trade name: SIPERN)
AT D10, DeGussa) and 3% to 5% of _{C 13-15} ethoxylated alcohol (EO
7) Mix with a proteolytic enzyme solution containing a nonionic surfactant. Typically, the enzyme / detergent solution is 2.5 times the weight of the silica. The resulting powder is dispersed with stirring in silicone oil (various silicone oil viscosities from 500 to 12,500 can be used). The resulting silicone oil dispersion is emulsified or otherwise added to the final detergent matrix. This allows the above enzyme,
Components such as bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, photoactivators, dyes, fluorescers, fabric conditioners, and water-degradable surfactants can be "protected" for use in detergents.

[0297] An antioxidant can be added to the detergent composition of the present invention, if desired. Antioxidants include the usual antioxidants used in detergent compositions, such as 2,6-di-te.
It may be rt-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), carbamate, ascorbate, thiosulfate, monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and the like. The antioxidant, when present, is present at about 0.00
It is present in the composition in an amount from 1 to about 5% by weight.

The compositions of the present invention can take any form, including liquids, tablets, pastes, gels, microemulsions or tricritical compositions. Highly preferred embodiments are in liquid or gel form. Liquid detergent compositions can include water and other solvents as carriers. Low molecular weight first
Preferred are secondary or secondary alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol. Monohydric alcohols are preferred for solubilizing surfactants, but polyols such as polyols having 2 to about 6 carbon atoms and 2 to about 6 hydroxyl groups (eg, 1,3-propanediol, ethylene) Glycol, glycerin, and 1,2-propanediol) can also be used. The composition may contain from 5% to 90%, typically 10% to 50% of such carriers.

An example of a procedure for producing a liquid composition is shown below.

The citrate is added to the free water and dissolved. To this solution are added amine oxide, betaine, ethanol, a hydrotrope and a nonionic surfactant. If free water is not available, citrate is added to the above mixture and then stirred until dissolved. At this point the acid is added to neutralize the formulation. The acid is preferably selected from organic acids, such as maleic acid and citric acid, but inorganic mineral acids can also be used.
In a preferred embodiment, the diamine is added after the addition of these acids to the formulation. A
ExS is added last.

The pH of the composition of the present invention is from about 2 to about 13, preferably the pH is alkaline, more preferably from about 7 to about 12.5, more preferably from about 8 to about 12, more preferably From about 9 to about 11.5.

[0302] The composition exemplified below various examples are all low foaming, IFT is in the required range.

[Table 1] 1. E ₉ ethoxylated alcohol, commercially available from Shell Oil Co..

2. 1,3-Bis (methylamino) cyclohexane.

[0304] 3. Poly (DMA-co-DMAM) (3: 1) copolymer, prepared according to Example 8.

[0305] 4. Includes fragrances, dyes, ethanol, and the like.

[0306]

[Table 2] 1. E ₉ ethoxylated alcohol, commercially available from Shell Oil Co..

2. 1,3-Bis (methylamino) cyclohexane.

[0308] 3. Poly (DMA-co-DMAM) (3: 1) copolymer.

[0309] 4. Includes fragrances, dyes, ethanol, and the like.

Examples 9 and 10 Liquid gel compositions of the present invention prepared as follows.

STPP Builder 17.5 16 Potassium carbonate 8-Sodium carbonate-1.5 Potassium hydroxide 22.0 Potassium silicate 4 1.5 Sodium silicate 23 Thickener 11 Nitric acid 0.02 0.02 Aluminum tristearate 0.1-Polymer dispersant ² 0.5-Sodium benzoate 0.8 0.5 Surfactant ¹ 1.0 2.0 Perborate 2.2 Sodium hypochlorite 1. 5- water and minor components remaining ¹ remaining nonionic surfactant ² sodium polyacrylate, molecular weight 4500

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a cleaning tool using the ultrasonic cleaning composition according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a cleaning tool using the ultrasonic cleaning composition according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a method of using a cleaning tool using the ultrasonic cleaning composition according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows a cleaning tool using the ultrasonic cleaning composition according to the present invention.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (81) Designated country EP (AT, BE, CH, CY, DE, DK, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IE, IT, LU, MC, NL, PT, SE ), OA (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG), AP (GH, GM, KE, LS, MW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZW), EA (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, TM), AE, AL, AM, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BR, BY, CA, CH, CN, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, EE, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, HR, HU, ID , IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KP, KR, KZ, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LV, MA, MD, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, NO, NZ, PL, PT, RO, RU, SD, SE, SG, SI, SK, SL, TJ, TM, TR, TT, UA, UG, US, UZ, VN, YU, ZA, ZW (71) Application Person ONE PROCTER & GANBLE PLAZA, CINCINNATI, OHIO, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (72) Inventor William, Michael, Shepard Laurensburg, Indiana, United States of America, Picnic, Woods, Drive, 2393 (72) Inventor, Christen, Inventor Mackenzie, Mason, Ohio, USA, Harvestdale, Drive, 5365 (72) Inventor Cha Ndrica, Casturi, Ohio, Cincinnati, Cliffwood, Coat, 10044 F-term (reference) 4H003 AA03 AB03 AB19 AB27 AB31 AC05 AC08 AC15 AD04 AD05 BA12 BA15 DA05 DA19 DC04 EA08 EA15 EA16 EA19 EA28 EB08 EB13 EB15 EC03 EB24 EC02 ED02 FA42

Claims (16)

[Claims] An ultrasonic cleaning composition comprising an ultrasonic cleaning agent at 0.001 to 99% by weight of the composition.
A composition, wherein the composition is low foaming and has an interfacial tension of 10 mNm^-1~ 0.0001 mNm ^-1 And an ultrasonic cleaning composition substantially free of an antifoaming agent. 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition has an interfacial tension of 1 mNm ^{−1 to} 0.0001 mNm ^−1.
7. The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to item 1. 3. The ultrasonic cleaning agent according to claim 1, wherein said builder is a builder, a surfactant, an enzyme, a bleach activator, a bleach catalyst, a bleach enhancer, a bleach, an alkalinity source, a bactericide, a colorant, a fragrance, a lime soap. Dispersant, polymeric dye transfer inhibitor, crystal growth inhibitor, photobleaching agent, heavy metal ion sequestering agent, antifogging agent, antibacterial agent, antioxidant, anti-redeposition agent, soil release polymer, electrolyte, pH adjustment Agents, thickeners, abrasives, metal ion salts, enzyme stabilizers, corrosion inhibitors,
The method according to claim 1, wherein the diamine is selected from the group consisting of a diamine, a foam stabilizing polymer, a solvent, a processing aid, a fragrance, a fabric softener, an optical brightener, a hydrotropic agent, and a mixture thereof. Ultrasonic cleaning composition. 4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the foam has a foam height of less than 80 mm in a foam cylinder test.
The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to claim 1. 5. The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition is in a liquid, tablet, paste, gel, microemulsion or tricritical form. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, cationic, zwitterionic, and mixtures thereof. Item 8. The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to Item. 7. The anionic surfactant may be a C ₆ -C ₁₈ branched or linear alkyl sulfate, a C ₆ -C ₁₈ branched or linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, C ₆ -C ₁₈ branched or linear alkyl alkoxy sulfates, the, branched, or linear alkyl carboxylate C ₆ -C _18, and is selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof, ultrasound of claim 6 Cleaning composition. 8. The nonionic surfactant is a polyhydroxyfatty acid amide, betaine, sulfobetaine, alkyl polyglycoside, alkyl ethoxylate, amine oxide, ether-capped poly (oxyalkylated) alcohol, low foaming property. 7. The nonionic surfactant and a mixture thereof selected from the group consisting of:
7. The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to item 1. 9. The enzyme, wherein the enzyme is a protease, amylase, cellulase, lipase, hemicellulase, peroxidase, gluco-amylase, cutinase, pectinase, xylanase, reductase, oxidase, phenol oxidase, lipoxygenase, ligninase, pullulanase, tannase, pentosanase, The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning composition is selected from the group consisting of malanase, β-glucanase, arabinosidase, and a mixture thereof. 10. The composition of claim 3, wherein said composition comprises a bleach, said bleach being an oxygen bleach.
The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a bleach activator, a bleach catalyst and a mixture thereof. 12. The builder, wherein the builder is aluminosilicate, silicate, zeolite, polycarboxylate, phosphate, polyphosphate, phosphonate, nitrilotriacetic acid, carbonate,
The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the ultrasonic cleaning composition is selected from the group consisting of bicarbonates, and mixtures thereof. 13. The ultrasonic cleaning composition according to any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein the diamine has the following formula, wherein the diamine has a pKa of at least about 8. . R R ＼ / NXN / ＼R R wherein R is independently hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl of C 1 to C 4, or alkyleneoxy having the following formula: are those selected from, ^- in ^{_{(R 2 O) y R 3}} ( the above formulas, ^{R 2} is linear in the C2-C4, or branched alkylene, and mixtures thereof, ^{R 3} is Hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl, and mixtures thereof; y is from 1 to about 10) X is a unit which is i) a C3-C10 linear alkylene, a C3-C10 branched Alkylene, C3-C1
0 of cyclic alkylene, branched cyclic alkylene C3 -C10, alkylene oxyalkylene having the ^{formula, - (R 2 O) y} R 2 - ( in the above formulas, as R ² and y are as defined above Ii) C3-C10 linear, C3-C10 branched linear, C3-C10 cyclic,
A C3-C10 branched cyclic alkylene, a C6-C10 arylene, wherein the unit comprises one or more electron donating or withdrawing moieties that provide the diamine with a pKa greater than about 8. And iii) a mixture of (i) and (ii)] 14. Contacting soiled dishes which need to be washed with an aqueous solution of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and then subjecting the soiled dishes to ultrasound. A method for cleaning dishes, comprising: 15. A method comprising contacting a stubborn food soil with an aqueous or undiluted solution of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and then subjecting the soil to ultrasound. A method for removing stubborn food stains from hard surfaces. 16. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition has dissolved air, preferably dissolved oxygen, and is designed to be removed by ultrasonic energy. Composition.