JP2002361042A - Treating method for incinerator waste gas - Google Patents
Treating method for incinerator waste gasInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002361042A JP2002361042A JP2001170984A JP2001170984A JP2002361042A JP 2002361042 A JP2002361042 A JP 2002361042A JP 2001170984 A JP2001170984 A JP 2001170984A JP 2001170984 A JP2001170984 A JP 2001170984A JP 2002361042 A JP2002361042 A JP 2002361042A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- activated carbon
- fly ash
- dioxin
- melting furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 79
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 In this Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100033040 Carbonic anhydrase 12 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101150000715 DA18 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000867855 Homo sapiens Carbonic anhydrase 12 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100219325 Phaseolus vulgaris BA13 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は固形廃棄物を熱分解
・溶融処理する溶融処理設備に係わり、特にダイオキシ
ンの排出を極力抑制することができる焼却炉排ガスの処
理方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a melting treatment facility for thermally decomposing and melting solid waste, and more particularly to a method for treating exhaust gas from an incinerator which can minimize the emission of dioxin.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、廃棄物の焼却処理等において排出
される排ガス及び焼却灰中のダイオキシンの存在がクロ
ーズアップされ、その低減策がいろいろと講じられてい
る。例えば特開平１０−８１１８号公報、特開平１０−
１９６９３０号公報、特開平１１−７６７５３号公報に
は、冷却された排ガスに排ガス経路上流側から下流側へ
向けて先ず活性炭によるダイオキシン吸着処理を施し、
次いで酸性ガスの吸収処理を行う排ガスの処理方法が記
載されている。ダイオキシン吸着処理は冷却された排ガ
スに活性炭を吹き込んで集塵機、バグフィルターもしく
は活性炭吸着塔でダイオキシンを吸着した活性炭と飛灰
を除去し、酸性ガスの吸収処理はダイオキシンと飛灰が
除去された排ガスに消石灰を注入して集塵機またはバグ
フィルターを通過させて捕集粉体を除去し排ガス中の酸
性ガスを中和処理する。使用済活性炭と飛灰は無害化処
理工程へ送られ、捕集粉体は回収される。特開平１０−
１９６９３０号公報の発明では、活性炭吸着塔から排出
される使用済活性炭と飛灰はスクリーンで分離されて、
活性炭は炉へ返送されて焼却し、活性炭に吸着していた
ダイオキシンは熱分解される。一方、飛灰は後段の集塵
機で捕集された飛灰等と共に、明記はされていないが埋
め立て処分等されるものである。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the presence of dioxin in exhaust gas and incineration ash discharged in incineration of waste has been highlighted, and various measures have been taken to reduce the presence of dioxin. For example, JP-A-10-8118, JP-A-10-118
In 196930 and JP-A-11-76753, a cooled exhaust gas is first subjected to a dioxin adsorption treatment using activated carbon from an exhaust gas path upstream to a downstream.
Next, a method for treating exhaust gas in which an acid gas is absorbed is described. In the dioxin adsorption treatment, activated carbon is blown into the cooled exhaust gas to remove activated carbon and fly ash that have adsorbed dioxin in a dust collector, bag filter, or activated carbon adsorption tower. Slaked lime is injected and passed through a dust collector or a bag filter to remove the collected powder and neutralize the acidic gas in the exhaust gas. Spent activated carbon and fly ash are sent to the detoxification process, and the collected powder is collected. JP-A-10-
In the invention of 196930, the used activated carbon and fly ash discharged from the activated carbon adsorption tower are separated by a screen,
The activated carbon is returned to the furnace and incinerated, and the dioxin adsorbed on the activated carbon is thermally decomposed. On the other hand, fly ash, together with fly ash and the like collected by a dust collector at a later stage, is landfilled though not specified.
【０００３】また特開２００１−４１４２９号公報に
は、バグフィルターを２台直列的に配置して、前段のバ
グフィルターへは消石灰を注入して酸性ガスを中和除去
すると共に煤塵を除去し、後段のバグフィルターへは活
性炭を注入してダイオキシンを吸着除去する。そして前
段で捕集された煤塵と後段で捕集された使用済活性炭を
ガス化溶融炉へ返送して、ダイオキシン及び活性炭を焼
却分解する排ガスの処理方法が開示されている。Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-41429 discloses that two bag filters are arranged in series, and slaked lime is injected into a bag filter at the preceding stage to neutralize and remove acidic gas and remove dust. Activated carbon is injected into the latter bag filter to adsorb and remove dioxin. A method of treating exhaust gas in which dust collected in the first stage and used activated carbon collected in the second stage are returned to the gasification and melting furnace to incinerate and decompose dioxin and activated carbon is disclosed.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら前記した
各先行技術には以下のような課題を有する。焼却炉から
排出される排気中にはダイオキシンとともに飛灰が多量
に含まれているが、この飛灰には特開平１１−１９６２
４号公報に記載されているように高濃度のダイオキシン
が付着している。前記の特開平１０−８１１８号公報、
特開平１０−１９６９３０号公報、特開平１１−７６７
５３号公報等に記載の排ガスの処理方法では前段のバグ
フィルター等で捕集された使用済活性炭と飛灰は無害化
処理工程へ送り、それに含まれるダイオキシンや重金属
を無害化処理した後に埋め立て処分等する必要がある。However, the above-described prior arts have the following problems. Exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator contains a large amount of fly ash together with dioxin.
As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4 (1994), a high concentration of dioxin is attached. JP-A-10-8118 mentioned above,
JP-A-10-196930, JP-A-11-767
In the method of treating exhaust gas described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 53, etc., used activated carbon and fly ash collected by a bag filter or the like in the previous stage are sent to a detoxification process, and dioxins and heavy metals contained therein are detoxified and then landfilled. Need to be equal.
【０００５】特開２００１−４１４２９号公報等に記載
の排ガスの処理方法では、前段で捕集された煤塵と後段
で捕集された使用済活性炭の全てをガス化溶融炉へ返送
してダイオキシン及び活性炭を燃焼分解するので無害化
処理工程や埋め立て処分の必要は無くこの点で優れた排
ガスの処理方法である。しかし前段のバグフィルターで
捕集された煤塵に含まれる消石灰の吹き込みによって生
成した塩化カルシウムなどの反応生成物はガス化溶融炉
に戻されて高温に曝されると塩化水素を発生するので排
ガス処理系に塩化水素が蓄積される。またガス化溶融炉
から排出される溶融スラグ中に塩化カルシウム等の塩類
が混入してスラグの質を低下させ、再利用しにくくする
などの不都合を生じる。特開２００１−４１４２９号公
報では前段で捕集された煤塵を炉に戻さない処理方法も
提案しているが、この場合は無害化処理工程へ送り、そ
れに含まれるダイオキシンや重金属を無害化処理した後
に埋め立て処分等する必要がある。In the method for treating exhaust gas described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-41429, all of the dust collected in the former stage and the used activated carbon collected in the latter stage are returned to the gasification and melting furnace, and dioxin and Since activated carbon is burned and decomposed, there is no need for a detoxification process or landfill disposal, and this is an excellent exhaust gas treatment method in this respect. However, reaction products such as calcium chloride generated by blowing slaked lime contained in the dust collected by the bag filter at the previous stage are returned to the gasification melting furnace and generate hydrogen chloride when exposed to high temperatures, so exhaust gas treatment Hydrogen chloride accumulates in the system. In addition, salts such as calcium chloride are mixed into the molten slag discharged from the gasification and melting furnace, thereby lowering the quality of the slag and making it difficult to reuse the slag. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-41429 also proposes a treatment method in which the dust collected in the former stage is not returned to the furnace, but in this case, the dust is sent to a detoxification process, and dioxins and heavy metals contained therein are detoxified. It is necessary to dispose of the landfill later.
【０００６】本発明は上記した課題を解決して、ダイオ
キシンや重金属を含む煤塵を系外へ排出させず、かつ消
石灰の反応性生物の系内での蓄積を生じさせない焼却炉
排ガスの処理方法を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a method for treating incinerator exhaust gas which does not discharge dust containing dioxins and heavy metals to the outside of the system and does not cause slaked lime to accumulate in the system of reactive organisms. The purpose is to provide.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】ガス化溶融炉から排出さ
れるダイオキシンの内のかなりの量は排気中に含まれる
飛灰に付着して浮遊している。よって集塵装置等で捕集
された飛灰には重金属類に加えて高濃度のダイオキシン
が含まれている。本発明者らは前段の集塵装置より前の
ガス冷却塔などで捕集された飛灰および前段の集塵装置
で捕集された飛灰をガス化溶融炉へ返送して、更には前
段の集塵装置で捕集されるダイオキシンを吸着した使用
済活性炭もガス化溶融炉へ返送して、ガス化溶融炉内の
高温に曝せばダイオキシンは分解されてしまい、焼却炉
の系外へ排出されるダイオキシンの量を低減することが
できることを見出した。そしてこの排ガス処理を脱塩剤
による中和処理工程の前で行えばガス化溶融炉へ返送す
る捕集粉体には塩類は含まれない。しかも、この中和処
理工程で得られる捕集粉体は塩類と未反応脱塩剤であり
ダイオキシン、重金属、飛灰などは含まれないため塩類
の再利用も可能である。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A considerable amount of dioxin discharged from a gasification and melting furnace floats on fly ash contained in exhaust gas. Therefore, fly ash collected by a dust collector or the like contains a high concentration of dioxin in addition to heavy metals. The present inventors return fly ash collected by a gas cooling tower or the like before the previous dust collector and fly ash collected by the previous dust collector to the gasification and melting furnace, and furthermore, Spent activated carbon that has adsorbed dioxin collected by the dust collector is returned to the gasification and melting furnace, and exposed to the high temperature inside the gasification and melting furnace, the dioxin is decomposed and discharged outside the incinerator. It has been found that the amount of dioxins to be produced can be reduced. If this exhaust gas treatment is performed before the neutralization treatment step using a desalting agent, the collected powder returned to the gasification and melting furnace does not contain salts. Moreover, the collected powder obtained in this neutralization treatment step is a salt and an unreacted desalting agent and does not contain dioxins, heavy metals, fly ash, etc., so that the salts can be reused.
【０００８】シャフト炉型のガス化溶融炉では炉内の廃
棄物は静置された充填物層を形成するため、そこから燃
焼ガスに同伴して飛散する灰の量は他の型式のガス化溶
融炉、例えば旋回式溶融炉などに比べて比較的少ない。
加えてシャフト炉型のガス化溶融炉に加熱源としてプラ
ズマトーチを使用すると、炉内の燃焼ガスの空塔速度を
抑制できるので灰の飛散量を更に低減することができ
る。そして本発明をシャフト炉型のガス化溶融炉の排ガ
スの処理に採用した場合は、ガス化溶融炉から排出され
る排ガス中の飛灰の量が少ないため、飛灰の触媒作用に
よるダイオキシンの生成を抑制できる。また、飛灰が活
性炭によるダイオキシンの吸着作用を阻害するのを防ぐ
ことができるので、より効果的にダイオキシンの吸着除
去を行なう事ができる。[0008] In the shaft furnace type gasification and melting furnace, since the waste in the furnace forms a stationary packing layer, the amount of ash scattered from the furnace along with the combustion gas is reduced by other types of gasification and melting. Relatively less than in a melting furnace, such as a rotary melting furnace.
In addition, when a plasma torch is used as a heating source in a gasification and melting furnace of a shaft furnace type, the superficial velocity of combustion gas in the furnace can be suppressed, so that the amount of ash scattered can be further reduced. When the present invention is applied to the treatment of exhaust gas from a shaft furnace type gasification / melting furnace, the amount of fly ash in the exhaust gas discharged from the gasification / melting furnace is small. Can be suppressed. Further, since fly ash can be prevented from impairing the dioxin adsorption effect of activated carbon, dioxin can be more effectively adsorbed and removed.
【０００９】したがって本願第１の発明は、ガス化溶融
炉から発生する分解ガスを燃焼させることにより生じる
排ガスと活性炭とを接触させ、前記排ガスから前記活性
炭と飛灰を含む煤塵を除去し、該煤塵を前記ガス化溶融
炉へ戻すことを特徴とする焼却炉排ガスの処理方法であ
る。Accordingly, the first invention of the present application is to contact exhaust gas generated by burning a cracked gas generated from a gasification and melting furnace with activated carbon to remove dust containing the activated carbon and fly ash from the exhaust gas. A method for treating incinerator exhaust gas, comprising returning dust to the gasification and melting furnace.
【００１０】本願第２の発明は、ガス化溶融炉から発生
する分解ガスを燃焼させることにより生じる排ガスと活
性炭とを接触させ、前記排ガスから前記活性炭と飛灰を
含む煤塵を除去し、該煤塵を前記ガス化溶融炉へ戻し、
煤塵を除去した排ガスと脱塩剤とを接触させ、排ガスか
ら生成した塩類を除去することを特徴とする焼却炉排ガ
スの処理方法である。In a second aspect of the present invention, an exhaust gas generated by burning a decomposition gas generated from a gasification and melting furnace is brought into contact with activated carbon to remove the dust containing the activated carbon and fly ash from the exhaust gas. To the gasification and melting furnace,
An incinerator exhaust gas treatment method characterized by contacting exhaust gas from which dust has been removed with a desalinating agent to remove salts generated from the exhaust gas.
【００１１】排ガスから活性炭と飛灰とを含む煤塵を除
去するには集塵機、バグフィルターまたは活性炭吸着塔
などを用いることができる。排ガスと活性炭との接触性
および飛灰の除去精度が優れている点でバグフィルター
が特に好適である。To remove dust containing activated carbon and fly ash from the exhaust gas, a dust collector, a bag filter, an activated carbon adsorption tower or the like can be used. The bag filter is particularly suitable in that the contact between the exhaust gas and the activated carbon and the accuracy of removing fly ash are excellent.
【００１２】排ガスから塩類を除去するには集塵機やバ
グフィルターなどを用いることができる。塩類の除去精
度が優れている点でバグフィルターが特に好適である。To remove salts from the exhaust gas, a dust collector or a bag filter can be used. A bag filter is particularly suitable because of its excellent salt removal accuracy.
【００１３】煤塵に含まれる飛灰は飛散し易い。ガス化
溶融炉内に戻した飛灰が飛散して排ガスに再び混入する
と前段の排ガスからの煤塵除去工程の負荷が大きくなる
だけでなく、ダイオキシンが発生し易い条件を形成した
り、排ガスと活性炭との接触効率が低下し排ガス中から
のダイオキシンの除去効率の低下を招くことがある。し
たがって本発明では、排ガスの処理工程で捕集された煤
塵をガス化溶融炉内の充填物層中へ戻すことで充填物に
より飛灰の飛散を抑えて、飛灰と活性炭を含む煤塵を溶
融し、更に飛灰に含まれるダイオキシンと活性炭に吸着
しているダイオキシンとを溶融炉の高温に曝すことでダ
イオキシンを更に効率的に熱分解することができる。[0013] Fly ash contained in dust is easily scattered. If fly ash returned to the gasification and melting furnace scatters and mixes with exhaust gas again, not only does the load of the dust removal process from the exhaust gas in the previous stage increase, it also creates conditions that easily generate dioxin, and it also creates conditions in which exhaust gas and activated carbon The efficiency of contact with dioxin may be reduced, and the efficiency of dioxin removal from exhaust gas may be reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, the dust collected in the exhaust gas treatment step is returned to the packed bed in the gasification and melting furnace, whereby the scattering of fly ash is suppressed by the packing, and the dust containing fly ash and activated carbon is melted. Further, the dioxin contained in the fly ash and the dioxin adsorbed on the activated carbon are exposed to the high temperature of the melting furnace, so that the dioxin can be thermally decomposed more efficiently.
【００１４】溶融炉で熱分解しきれないダイオキシンは
ガス燃焼炉で熱分解することができる。塵芥をガス化溶
融炉で熱分解して生じる分解ガスをガス燃焼炉でダイオ
キシンが分解される温度で燃焼させ、次いでダイオキシ
ンの再合成を防ぐ速度で冷却することにより排ガス中の
ダイオキシン濃度は低下する。Dioxins that cannot be thermally decomposed in a melting furnace can be thermally decomposed in a gas combustion furnace. Dioxin concentration in exhaust gas is reduced by burning the decomposed gas generated by thermally decomposing garbage in a gasification and melting furnace in a gas combustion furnace at a temperature at which dioxin is decomposed, and then cooling it at a rate that prevents re-synthesis of dioxin .
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の廃棄物の溶融処理設備の
実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。図１は本発明の
廃棄物の溶融処理設備の概略を示すフローシートであ
る。図中１はガス化溶融炉でシャフト炉型としその熱源
にはプラズマトーチ１０１を用いて取り扱いの容易さを
図ると共に、前記したようにガス化溶融炉から排出され
る飛灰の量を減ずることを図った。シャフト炉は炉内の
気流が穏やかであると共に堆積されたコークスや塵芥層
が焼却灰の飛散を抑制する。またプラズマトーチは、そ
れから噴出されるガス量が小さいから、炉内を流れるガ
ス量も小さくなって、結果的には塔内流速が低下して、
飛灰が発生することを抑制する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a waste melting facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flow sheet schematically showing a waste melting facility of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a gasification and melting furnace, which is a shaft furnace type, which uses a plasma torch 101 as a heat source for easy handling and reduces the amount of fly ash discharged from the gasification and melting furnace as described above. Was planned. In the shaft furnace, the airflow in the furnace is gentle and the deposited coke and dust layers suppress the scattering of incineration ash. In addition, since the amount of gas ejected from the plasma torch is small, the amount of gas flowing in the furnace also decreases, and as a result, the flow velocity in the tower decreases,
Suppresses the generation of fly ash.
【００１６】２はガス燃焼炉で、ガス化溶融炉１で塵芥
の熱分解で発生した炭化水素ガスや水素ガス等からなる
可燃性分解ガスを高温で燃焼させてダイオキシンを分解
させるものである。その際の燃焼温度は１０００〜１２
００℃で少なくとも２〜３秒程度保持する。３はガス冷
却塔で、ガス燃焼炉２から排出された高温燃焼ガス（排
ガス）を適度の温度まで冷却する。ここで適度の温度と
は後続の熱交換器等を損傷しない程度の温度であり、本
実施の形態では５００℃とした。Reference numeral 2 denotes a gas combustion furnace which decomposes dioxin by burning a combustible cracking gas, such as a hydrocarbon gas or a hydrogen gas, generated by pyrolysis of dust in the gasification melting furnace 1 at a high temperature. The combustion temperature at that time is 1000 to 12
Hold at 00 ° C for at least 2-3 seconds. Reference numeral 3 denotes a gas cooling tower that cools a high-temperature combustion gas (exhaust gas) discharged from the gas combustion furnace 2 to an appropriate temperature. Here, the appropriate temperature is a temperature that does not damage the subsequent heat exchanger and the like, and is 500 ° C. in the present embodiment.
【００１７】４は第一の熱交換器で、ガス冷却塔３から
排出された約５００℃の排気とファン４１から押し込ま
れた空気とを熱交換させて、空気を加熱する。加熱され
た空気は燃焼空気としてガス化溶融炉１へ送入される。
５は第二の熱交換器で、第一の熱交換器４から排出され
た排気ファン５１から押し込まれた空気とを熱交換させ
て空気を加熱し、加熱された空気は後述の排気筒へ送入
されて、排気筒から排出される排気を昇温させて白煙を
防止する。６は減温塔であり前記した空気との熱交換に
よって降温した排気を更に減温するものであり、ダイオ
キシンの再合成が起きやすい４００〜２００℃の温度範
囲を急速冷却し再合成を抑えるのである。また次に配置
されるバクフィルターの熱損傷を防止する働きもある。
減温塔６の後には、第一のバグフィルター７と第二のバ
グフィルター８が連設されている。第一のバグフィルタ
ー７の入り口には活性炭貯留槽７１から風送配管７２が
結合されて、この風送配管７２によって活性炭が注入さ
れる。それにより第一のバグフィルター７中には排気と
共に活性炭が流入して、その中で活性炭は排気中に分散
され排ガス中のダイオキシンが活性炭に吸着される。ダ
イオキシンを吸着した活性炭とダイオキシンを含む飛灰
は第一のバグフィルター７で捕集される。Reference numeral 4 denotes a first heat exchanger for heating the air by exchanging heat between the exhaust gas of about 500 ° C. discharged from the gas cooling tower 3 and the air pushed in from the fan 41. The heated air is sent to the gasification and melting furnace 1 as combustion air.
Reference numeral 5 denotes a second heat exchanger which heats air by exchanging heat with air pushed in from an exhaust fan 51 discharged from the first heat exchanger 4 and sends the heated air to an exhaust pipe described later. The exhaust gas that is sent in and exhausted from the exhaust stack is heated to prevent white smoke. Numeral 6 is a cooling tower, which further reduces the temperature of the exhaust gas whose temperature has been lowered by the heat exchange with the air. The cooling tower rapidly cools a temperature range of 400 to 200 ° C. in which dioxin is likely to be resynthesized and suppresses resynthesis. is there. It also has the function of preventing thermal damage to the next Baku filter.
After the cooling tower 6, a first bag filter 7 and a second bag filter 8 are connected to each other. An air supply pipe 72 is connected to the entrance of the first bag filter 7 from an activated carbon storage tank 71, and the activated carbon is injected through the air supply pipe 72. As a result, the activated carbon flows together with the exhaust gas into the first bag filter 7, in which the activated carbon is dispersed in the exhaust gas and the dioxin in the exhaust gas is adsorbed by the activated carbon. Activated carbon adsorbed with dioxin and fly ash containing dioxin are collected by the first bag filter 7.
【００１８】第二のバグフィルター８の入り口には消石
灰貯留槽８１からの風送配管８２が結合されて、ここか
ら脱塩剤である消石灰が注入される。それにより第二の
バグフィルター８中には排気と共に消石灰が流入して、
その中で消石灰は排気中に分散され排ガスが中和され
る。中和反応により生成した塩類と未反応の消石灰は第
二のバグフィルター８で捕集される。第二のバグフィル
ター８の後には誘引ファン９と排気筒１０が続いて設け
られ、第二のバグフィルター８によって清浄化された排
気は誘引ファン９によって排気筒１０へ送られて、排気
筒１０から大気中へ放出される。An air supply pipe 82 from a slaked lime storage tank 81 is connected to the entrance of the second bag filter 8, from which slaked lime as a desalinating agent is injected. As a result, slaked lime flows into the second bag filter 8 together with the exhaust gas,
In this, slaked lime is dispersed in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas is neutralized. Salts generated by the neutralization reaction and unreacted slaked lime are collected by the second bag filter 8. After the second bag filter 8, an induction fan 9 and an exhaust pipe 10 are provided in succession, and the exhaust gas cleaned by the second bag filter 8 is sent to the exhaust pipe 10 by the induction fan 9, and the exhaust pipe 10 Is released into the atmosphere from.
【００１９】前記したガス燃焼炉２，ガス冷却塔３，減
温塔及び第一のバグフィルター７の下部は集塵コンベア
１１と気密的に連結されており集塵コンベア１１の先端
部には飛灰貯留槽１２が設けられる。前記した各機器で
沈降しあるいはろ過して捕集された飛灰および使用済活
性炭は一括して集塵コンベア１１で飛灰貯留槽１２へ集
められる。飛灰貯留槽１２は風送配管１２１でガス化溶
融炉１と連結されており、飛灰貯留槽１２へ貯留された
飛灰及び使用済活性炭は適宜にガス化溶融炉１の充填物
層中へ返送される。The lower portions of the gas combustion furnace 2, the gas cooling tower 3, the cooling tower, and the first bag filter 7 are air-tightly connected to a dust collecting conveyor 11, and the dust collecting conveyor 11 has a flying end. An ash storage tank 12 is provided. Fly ash and used activated carbon collected by settling or filtration by the above-described devices are collectively collected in a fly ash storage tank 12 by a dust collecting conveyor 11. The fly ash storage tank 12 is connected to the gasification and melting furnace 1 by an air feeding pipe 121, and the fly ash and the used activated carbon stored in the fly ash storage tank 12 are appropriately stored in the packed bed of the gasification and melting furnace 1. Will be returned to
【００２０】捕集される飛灰には低沸点の重金属も含ま
れる。重金属はガス化溶融炉１へ返送されると再び気化
し排ガス処理系に蓄積される。したがって飛灰の重金属
濃度が所定基準に達したら飛灰を系外に取出すことが必
要である。The fly ash to be collected also contains heavy metals having a low boiling point. When the heavy metal is returned to the gasification and melting furnace 1, it is vaporized again and accumulated in the exhaust gas treatment system. Therefore, when the heavy metal concentration of the fly ash reaches a predetermined standard, it is necessary to take the fly ash out of the system.
【００２１】第二のバグフィルター８の下部は集塵コン
ベア１３と気密的に連結されており、集塵コンベア１３
の先端部には貯留槽１４が設けられる。第二のバグフィ
ルター８で捕集された排気中の成分、消石灰との反応物
（塩類）および未反応消石灰は集塵コンベア１３で貯留
槽１４へ送られて貯留される。更にこの貯留槽１４から
適宜に混連成形機１５へ送られて固化されたうえで、溶
融処理設備外へ搬出される。The lower part of the second bag filter 8 is airtightly connected to the dust collecting conveyor 13,
A storage tank 14 is provided at the tip of the storage tank. The components in the exhaust gas, the reaction product with the slaked lime (salts) and the unreacted slaked lime collected by the second bag filter 8 are sent to the storage tank 14 by the dust collecting conveyor 13 and stored therein. Further, the mixture is appropriately sent from the storage tank 14 to the mixing molding machine 15 to be solidified, and then carried out of the melting processing equipment.
【００２２】前記したように第一のバグフィルター７の
入り口に活性炭を注入して、排気中に含まれるダイオキ
シンを活性炭に吸着させ、このダイオキシンを吸着した
使用済活性炭はバグフィルター７に捕捉され、またガス
燃焼炉２、ガス冷却塔３、減温塔６で沈降捕捉されなか
った飛灰も第一のバグフィルター７で捕捉されて共に集
塵コンベア１１で飛灰貯留槽１２へ送られる。また第一
のバグフィルター７より前に設置されているガス燃焼炉
２，ガス冷却塔３，減温塔６においても排気中の飛灰が
沈降して捕捉され、それらも集塵コンベア１１で飛灰貯
留槽１２へ送られる。前記した飛灰には使用済活性炭と
同程度の高濃度のダイオキシンが付着している。従って
本発明においてはこの飛灰は溶融処理設備外へ搬出する
ことはせずに、使用済活性炭と共にガス化溶融炉１へ返
送して、そこでガス化溶融炉内の高温によりダイオキシ
ンは分解させ、活性炭は焼却溶融させ、飛灰は溶融させ
る。そうすることでダイオキシンを溶融処理設備外へ排
出することを極力抑制することができる。Activated carbon is injected into the entrance of the first bag filter 7 as described above, so that dioxin contained in the exhaust gas is adsorbed on the activated carbon, and the used activated carbon having adsorbed the dioxin is captured by the bag filter 7. Fly ash that has not been settled and captured by the gas combustion furnace 2, the gas cooling tower 3, and the cooling tower 6 is also captured by the first bag filter 7 and sent to the fly ash storage tank 12 by the dust collecting conveyor 11. Also, in the gas combustion furnace 2, the gas cooling tower 3, and the cooling tower 6 installed before the first bag filter 7, the fly ash in the exhaust is settled and trapped. It is sent to the ash storage tank 12. A high concentration of dioxin is attached to the fly ash, which is as high as the used activated carbon. Therefore, in the present invention, this fly ash is returned to the gasification and melting furnace 1 together with the used activated carbon without being carried out of the melting treatment facility, where dioxin is decomposed by the high temperature in the gasification and melting furnace, Activated carbon is incinerated and melted, and fly ash is melted. By doing so, discharge of dioxin out of the melt processing facility can be suppressed as much as possible.
【００２３】また第二のバグフィルター８の入り口には
消石灰を注入するが、これにより排気中に含まれるＨＣ
ｌやＳＯｘを吸収させ、これを第二のバグフィルター８
で捕捉するものである。第二のバグフィルター８で捕捉
された塩酸カルシウムや硫酸カルシウムは集塵コンベア
１３で貯留槽１４へ運ばれて貯留される。そして適宜に
セメント等を混ぜて混連成形機１５にてペレット状に成
形して乾燥し、これを適宜溶融処理設備より搬出して、
埋め立て処分等を行なう。Slaked lime is injected into the entrance of the second bag filter 8, so that HC contained in the exhaust gas is injected.
1 and SOx, and the second bag filter 8
Is to capture. The calcium chloride and calcium sulfate captured by the second bag filter 8 are carried to the storage tank 14 by the dust collecting conveyor 13 and stored therein. Then, cement or the like is appropriately mixed, formed into pellets by the mixing molding machine 15 and dried, and is appropriately carried out from the melt processing equipment.
Perform landfill disposal.
【００２４】第一のバグフィルター７にて排気中に含ま
れる飛灰のほとんどが捕捉され、また注入された活性炭
により排気中のダイオキシンもほとんどが吸収除去され
ているから、第二のバグフィルター８で捕捉された捕捉
物にはダイオキシンや重金属はほとんど含まれていな
い。従ってこれを成形固化したものを埋め立て処分して
もダイオキシンや重金属による汚染が起ることがない。
塩類にはダイオキシンや重金属は含まれていないため再
利用も可能である。Most of the fly ash contained in the exhaust gas is captured by the first bag filter 7 and most of the dioxin in the exhaust gas is absorbed and removed by the injected activated carbon. Dioxin and heavy metals are scarcely contained in the captured matter captured in the step (1). Therefore, even if the solidified product is landfilled, dioxin or heavy metal contamination does not occur.
Since salts do not contain dioxins or heavy metals, they can be reused.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】本発明は上記の構成としたから、ダイオ
キシンや重金属を含む煤塵を系外へ排出させず、かつ消
石灰の反応性生物の系内での蓄積を生じさせない焼却炉
排ガスの処理方法を提供することができる。また消石灰
の反応性生物は再利用が可能である。According to the present invention having the above construction, a method for treating incinerator exhaust gas which does not discharge dust containing dioxins and heavy metals out of the system and does not cause slaked lime to accumulate in the system of reactive organisms. Can be provided. In addition, slaked lime reactive products can be reused.
【図１】本発明の塵芥溶融処理設備に係わる全体を示す
フローシートである。FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing the whole related to the refuse melting treatment equipment of the present invention.
１ ガス化溶融炉、２ ガス燃焼炉、３ ガス冷却塔、 ４ 熱交換器、５ 熱交換器、６ 減温塔、 ７ 第一のバグフィルター、８ 第二のバクフィルタ
ー、 １１ 集塵コンベア、１２ 飛灰貯留槽、 １３ 集塵コンベア、１４ 貯留槽、１５ 混連成形
機、 ７１ 活性炭貯留槽、 ７２ 風送配管、８１ 消石灰
貯留槽、 ８２ 風送配管、１２１ 風送配管。Reference Signs List 1 gasification melting furnace, 2 gas combustion furnace, 3 gas cooling tower, 4 heat exchanger, 5 heat exchanger, 6 cooling tower, 7 first bag filter, 8 second back filter, 11 dust collection conveyor, 12 Fly ash storage tank, 13 Dust collection conveyor, 14 Storage tank, 15 Mixing molding machine, 71 Activated carbon storage tank, 72 Pneumatic piping, 81 Slaked lime storage tank, 82 Pneumatic piping, 121 Pneumatic piping.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ０１Ｄ 53/81 Ｂ０１Ｄ 53/34 Ｂ ４Ｋ０５６ Ｂ０９Ｂ 5/00 １３４Ａ Ｆ２３Ｇ 5/24 Ｂ０９Ｂ 5/00 Ｎ Ｆ２３Ｊ 15/00 Ｆ２３Ｊ 15/00 Ｊ Ｆ２７Ｄ 17/00 １０４ Ｆターム(参考） 3K061 AA16 AB03 AC01 BA05 DA18 3K070 DA01 DA05 DA07 DA12 DA24 DA32 DA35 DA53 4D002 AA02 AA19 AA21 AA28 AA40 AC04 BA04 BA05 BA12 BA13 BA14 DA05 DA12 DA41 EA07 FA02 FA03 HA02 HA08 4D004 AA37 AB03 CA08 CA12 CA29 CA45 CB05 CB45 CC13 4D058 JA04 KB12 RA03 RA19 TA01 TA03 UA01 UA03 4K056 AA05 CA20 DB05 DB07 DB13──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 53/81 B01D 53/34 B 4K056 B09B 5/00 134A F23G 5/24 B09B 5/00 N F23J 15 / 00 F23J 15/00 J F27D 17/00 104 F term (reference) 3K061 AA16 AB03 AC01 BA05 DA18 3K070 DA01 DA05 DA07 DA12 DA24 DA32 DA35 DA53 4D002 AA02 AA19 AA21 AA28 AA40 AC04 BA04 BA05 BA12 BA13 BA14 DA05 DA02 FA41 EA07 FA HA08 4D004 AA37 AB03 CA08 CA12 CA29 CA45 CB05 CB45 CC13 4D058 JA04 KB12 RA03 RA19 TA01 TA03 UA01 UA03 4K056 AA05 CA20 DB05 DB07 DB13
Claims (6)
焼させることにより生じる排ガスと活性炭とを接触さ
せ、前記排ガスから前記活性炭と飛灰を含む煤塵を除去
し、該煤塵を前記ガス化溶融炉へ戻すことを特徴とする
焼却炉排ガスの処理方法。An exhaust gas generated by burning a cracked gas generated from a gasification and melting furnace is brought into contact with activated carbon to remove dust containing the activated carbon and fly ash from the exhaust gas. A method for treating exhaust gas from an incinerator, comprising returning to an incinerator.
焼させることにより生じる排ガスと活性炭とを接触さ
せ、前記排ガスから前記活性炭と飛灰を含む煤塵を除去
し、該煤塵を前記ガス化溶融炉へ戻し、煤塵を除去した
排ガスと脱塩剤とを接触させ、排ガスから生成した塩類
を除去することを特徴とする焼却炉排ガスの処理方法。2. An exhaust gas generated by burning a cracked gas generated from a gasification and melting furnace is brought into contact with activated carbon to remove dust containing the activated carbon and fly ash from the exhaust gas. A method for treating exhaust gas from an incinerator, comprising returning the exhaust gas to a furnace, contacting the exhaust gas from which dust has been removed with a desalinating agent, and removing salts generated from the exhaust gas.
り活性炭と飛灰を含む煤塵を除去する請求項１または２
に記載の焼却炉排ガスの処理方法。3. The dust containing activated carbon and fly ash is removed by passing exhaust gas through a bag filter.
The method for treating incinerator exhaust gas according to item 1.
り塩類を除去する請求項２記載の焼却炉排ガスの処理方
法。4. The method for treating incinerator exhaust gas according to claim 2, wherein salts are removed by passing the exhaust gas through a bag filter.
す請求項１乃至４の何れかに記載の焼却炉排ガスの処理
方法。5. The method for treating exhaust gas from an incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the dust is returned to the packing layer in the gasification and melting furnace.
ンが分解される温度で燃焼させ、次いでダイオキシンの
再合成を防ぐ速度で冷却することにより生じる請求項１
乃至５の何れかに記載の焼却炉排ガスの処理方法。6. The exhaust gas produced by burning the cracked gas at a temperature at which dioxin is decomposed and then cooling the gas at a rate that prevents re-synthesis of dioxin.
6. The method for treating incinerator exhaust gas according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001170984A JP2002361042A (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2001-06-06 | Treating method for incinerator waste gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001170984A JP2002361042A (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2001-06-06 | Treating method for incinerator waste gas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002361042A true JP2002361042A (en) | 2002-12-17 |
Family
ID=19012824
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001170984A Pending JP2002361042A (en) | 2001-06-06 | 2001-06-06 | Treating method for incinerator waste gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002361042A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007244958A (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Equipment for treating matter contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl |
| JP2008200544A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2008-09-04 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | Melt treatment method of waste |
| CN105605587A (en) * | 2015-11-29 | 2016-05-25 | 集美大学 | Waste incineration treatment system |
-
2001
- 2001-06-06 JP JP2001170984A patent/JP2002361042A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007244958A (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-27 | Nippon Steel Corp | Equipment for treating matter contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyl |
| JP4675804B2 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2011-04-27 | 新日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 | Polychlorinated biphenyl contaminant treatment facility |
| JP2008200544A (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2008-09-04 | Kobelco Eco-Solutions Co Ltd | Melt treatment method of waste |
| CN105605587A (en) * | 2015-11-29 | 2016-05-25 | 集美大学 | Waste incineration treatment system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113182311B (en) | Dangerous waste treatment system based on medium-temperature pyrolysis and plasma high-temperature melting | |
| JPH01159514A (en) | Method of decomposing noxious compound | |
| JP3797053B2 (en) | Waste gas incinerator exhaust gas treatment method and equipment | |
| JP2002361042A (en) | Treating method for incinerator waste gas | |
| JP4950609B2 (en) | Asbestos waste treatment equipment | |
| JP2001017833A (en) | Method and device for dry treatment of exhaust gas | |
| JP2004263952A (en) | Heat recovering method and device from exhaust gas | |
| JP4209175B2 (en) | Waste disposal method | |
| JPH108118A (en) | Production of desulfurizing agent for steel making from waste gas of waste incineration | |
| JP2005195228A (en) | Waste material melting treatment system | |
| JP2002205044A (en) | Waste treatment plant | |
| JP2000167514A (en) | Exhaust gas treatment for reducing discharge of dioxins | |
| JPH07265834A (en) | Treatment of fly ash by irradiation with microwave | |
| JP3358503B2 (en) | Exhaust gas treatment method for waste melting furnace etc. | |
| JP2000015057A (en) | Treatment method and apparatus for incinerator exhaust gas | |
| JP3921044B2 (en) | Waste gasification melting treatment facility dust collection method | |
| JPH0849828A (en) | Device and method for treating waste | |
| JP2002130628A (en) | Thermal gas decomposition gas rectifying apparatus for thermal decomposition/melting combustion apparatus | |
| JP3866832B2 (en) | Method for treating fly ash in exhaust gas in waste treatment equipment | |
| JP2000356476A (en) | Facilities for treatment of exhaust gas of electric furnace | |
| JPH0571724A (en) | Method and device of exhaust gas disposal | |
| JPH0498008A (en) | Fly ash disposal method and its apparatus in incineration plant | |
| JPH07127841A (en) | Treating method of waste gas of melting furnace | |
| JPH11183049A (en) | Method of treating exhaust gas in electric furnace | |
| JP2002102650A (en) | Pretreatment method for flue gas |