JP2002358728A - Information recording medium and device for recording and reproducing information to information recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an information recording medium which permits recording data of different standard formats to one information recording medium by intermingling the data and a recording and reproducing device and method for the same. SOLUTION: The intermingling of the formats is made possible by changing the directories where the data is recorded by the formats and recording timing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a readable and writable information recording medium, and more particularly to an information recording medium on which multimedia data including various formats such as moving picture data, still picture data and audio data is recorded. Regarding the medium. Further, the present invention relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducing information on and from such an information recording medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the field of rewritable optical disks, the upper limit of which is about 650 MB, a phase change disk DVD-RAM having a capacity of several GB has appeared. Along with the practical use of MPEG (MPEG2), which is a coding standard for digital AV data, DVD-RAM is expected as a recording / playback medium not only for computers but also in the audio / video (AV) technology field.

[0003] A major challenge in the future is how to record AV data including image data using such optical disks aiming at increasing the capacity, and to realize performance and new functions that greatly exceed conventional AV equipment. Further, compared to a personal computer, AV devices also have a problem of reducing the memory mounting capacity and realizing functions that are easy to use and understand for general users who are not familiar with computer technology. When recording AV data instead of PC data, conventional optical discs can only record information in a single standard format on one disc, and when recording information in different standard formats, It was necessary to record on multiple media.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to record data of different standard formats mixedly on one information recording medium. It is another object of the present invention to provide an information recording medium capable of performing the above, and further provide an apparatus for recording and reproducing data on such an information recording medium.

[0005]

An information recording medium according to the present invention is an information recording medium for recording a video object and management information for managing reproduction of the video object, and records data of different formats in a mixed manner. It is characterized by being able to do.

[0006] Further, the different formats in the information recording medium include a DVD VIDEO standard format, a DVD Video Recording standard format, and a DVD Stream Record.
ing standard format, DVD AUDIO standard format, and other video information recording formats, other audio information recording formats, other video and audio information recording formats, and other stream recording formats. .

A recording apparatus according to the present invention is a recording apparatus for recording information on the information recording medium, wherein the means for generating the video object, the means for generating the video object management information, It is characterized by comprising means for recording the video object, means for recording the generated video object management information, and means for mixing and recording data of different formats.

[0008] Further, the different formats in the recording apparatus are a DVD VIDEO standard format, a DVD Video Recording standard format, and a DVD Stream Recording.
g, DVD AUDIO standard format, and other video information recording formats, other audio information recording formats, other video and audio information recording formats, and other stream recording formats. .

[0009] Also, a reproducing apparatus according to the present invention is a reproducing apparatus for reproducing the information recording medium, comprising: reading means for reading the video object management information; and video data based on the read video object management information. Reading means for reading an object; means for reproducing the read video object based on the read video object management information; means for reading mixed data in different formats; Means for reproducing data.

[0010] The different formats in the playback device are a DVD VIDEO standard format, a DVD Video Recording standard format, and a DVD Stream Recording.
g, DVD AUDIO standard format, and other video information recording formats, other audio information recording formats, other video and audio information recording formats, and other stream recording formats. .

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a DVD disk, a DVD recorder and a DVD player which are embodiments of an information recording medium, a recording apparatus and a reproducing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in the following order with reference to the accompanying drawings. In particular, the points of the invention are “8. Summary of the invention” and “9.
This will be explained. Note that the degree of relevance is different, but all are embodiments of the present invention.

[0012] 1. 1. System outline of DVD recorder device 2. Overview of functions of DVD recorder device Overview of DVD Disc 4. Outline of AV information to be reproduced 5. Overview of management information and playback control of AV information 6. Basic operation of playback function 7. Basic operation of recording function Summary of the Invention Detailed Embodiment (1. System Overview of DVD Recorder) FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an external appearance of a VD recorder device and an interface between related devices. As shown in FIG.
The recorder is loaded with a DVD, which is an optical disk, and records and reproduces video information. The operation is generally performed with a remote control.

Video information input to a DVD recorder includes both an analog signal and a digital signal. Analog signals include analog broadcasting, and digital signals include digital broadcasting. In general, analog broadcasting is received and demodulated by a receiver built in a television device,
It is input to a DVD recorder as an analog video signal of NTSC or the like, and digital broadcasting is performed by STB (S
et Top Box) and demodulates to a digital signal.
It is input to the VD recorder and recorded.

On the other hand, a DVD disk on which video information is recorded is reproduced by a DVD recorder and output to the outside. As with the input, there are both analog and digital signals as well as the input. If the signal is an analog signal, it is directly input to the television device.
After being converted into an analog signal, it is input to a television device and displayed on the television device.

On a DVD disk, video information may be recorded / reproduced by a DVD camcorder other than the DVD recorder or a personal computer. Even if it is a DVD disc on which video information is recorded outside the DVD recorder, the DVD recorder reproduces the DVD disc when it is loaded on the DVD recorder.

It should be noted that audio information is usually accompanied by the video information of the analog broadcast and the digital broadcast described above. The accompanying audio information is similarly recorded and reproduced by the DVD recorder. The video information is generally a moving image, but may be a still image. For example, this is the case when a still image is recorded by the photograph function of a DVD camcorder. Note that STB
Digital I / F between DVD and DVD recorder is IEEE13
94, ATAPI, SCSI, etc.

Although NTSC, which is a composite video signal, is used as an example between the DVD recorder and the television device, a component signal that separately transmits a luminance signal and a color difference signal may be used. Further, as for a video transmission I / F between an AV device and a television device, research and development to replace an analog I / F with a digital I / F, for example, a DVI, is being promoted, and a DVD recorder and a television device have a digital I / F. / F is naturally expected to be connected.

(2. Outline of Functions of DVD Recorder) FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing functions of the DVD recorder. The drive device includes an optical pickup 101 for reading data from the DVD-RAM disk 100 and an ECC (Er).
rr Correcting Code) Processing Unit 10
2, 10 to track buffer 103, track buffer
3 includes a switch 104 for switching input and output, an encoder unit 105, and a decoder unit 106. As shown in the figure, one sector = 2 in the DVD-RAM disc 100.
Data is recorded with KB as the minimum unit. Also, 1
Assuming that 6 sectors = 1 ECC block, the ECC processing unit 102 performs an error correction process on an ECC block basis.

The DVD recorder may include a semiconductor memory card or a hard disk drive as a data storage medium in addition to a DVD disk. FIG.
2 shows a block diagram of a DVD recorder provided with a semiconductor memory card and a hard disk drive. One sector may be 512B, 8KB, or the like. The ECC block also has one sector, 16 sectors, and 3 sectors.
Two sectors or the like may be used. It is expected that the sector size and the number of sectors constituting the ECC block will increase as the recordable information capacity increases.

The track buffer 103 is a DVD-RA
A buffer for recording AV data at a variable bit rate (VBR) in order to record AV data on the M disk 100 more efficiently. DVD-RAM disk 1
Since the read / write rate (Va) to 00 is a fixed rate, the bit rate (Vb) of AV data changes according to the complexity of its contents (image in the case of video). Is a buffer for absorbing the difference between

When the track buffer 103 is used more effectively, it becomes possible to discretely arrange AV data on the DVD-RAM disk 100. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing an address space on a disk. As shown in FIG. 4A, when AV data is recorded in a continuous area of [a1, a2] and a continuous area of [a3, a4], while the seek is performed from a2 to a3, the track is By supplying the data stored in the buffer to the decoder unit 106, continuous reproduction of AV data becomes possible. FIG. 4 shows the state at this time.
(B).

The AV data whose reading has been started at the position a1 is input to the track buffer 103 at time t1, and the output of data from the track buffer 103 is started. As a result, the input rate (Va) to the track buffer and the output rate (V
Data is accumulated in the track buffer by the rate difference (Va-Vb) of b). This state continues until the search area reaches a2, that is, until time t2. Assuming that the amount of data accumulated in the track buffer 103 during this time is B (t2), B (t2) accumulated in the track buffer 103 from time t2 to time t3 when reading of data in the area a3 starts. May be continued to be supplied to the decoder 106.

In other words, if the data amount ([a1, a2]) to be read before the seek is at least a predetermined amount, continuous supply of AV data is possible even when a seek occurs. The size of the continuous area in which AV data can be continuously supplied is expressed by the following equation when converted into the number of ECC blocks (N_ecc). In the formula, N_sec is ECC
S_size is the sector size, and Tj is the seek performance (maximum seek time).

N_ecc = Vb * Tj / ((N_s
ec * 8 * S_size) * (1−Vb / Va)) Further, a defective sector may be generated in the continuous area. Considering this case, the continuous area is represented by the following equation. In the formula, dN_ecc is the size of the defective sector to be accepted, and Ts is the time required to skip the defective sector in the continuous area. This size is also represented by the number of ECC blocks.

N_ecc = dN_ecc + Vb *
(Tj + Ts) / ((N_sec * 8 * S_size)
* (1-Vb / Va)) Here, an example in which data is read from the DVD-RAM, that is, the case of reproduction is described.
The same can be considered in the case of writing data to the memory, that is, in the case of recording. As described above, in the DVD-RAM, as long as data of a certain amount or more is continuously recorded, continuous reproduction / recording is possible even if AV data is recorded on a disk in a distributed manner. In DVD, this continuous area is called CDA.

(3. Overview of DVD Disc) FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the appearance and physical structure of a DVD-RAM disc which is a recordable optical disc. DVD-RAM
Is generally loaded into a DVD recorder while being housed in a cartridge. The purpose is to protect the recording surface. However, if the recording surface is protected by another configuration, or if it is acceptable, it may of course be arranged so that the recording surface can be directly loaded into the DVD recorder without being housed in the cartridge. DV
The D-RAM disk records data by a phase change method. Data recorded on the disk is managed in sector units,
Access address is attached. The 16 sectors serve as an error correction unit, are provided with an error correction code, and
It is called a C block.

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a recording area of a DVD-RAM disc which is a recordable optical disc. As shown in the figure, the DVD-RAM disk has a lead-in area at the innermost circumference, a lead-out area at the outermost circumference, and a data area between them. The lead-in area is
A reference signal necessary for stabilizing the servo at the time of access of the optical pickup, an identification signal with another medium, and the like are recorded. The same reference signal as the lead-in area is recorded in the lead-out area. The data area is
It is divided into sectors (2048 bytes), which is the minimum access unit. In addition, DVD-RAM has a Z-CLV (ZoneConstantan) during recording / reproduction.
In order to realize rotation control called “t Linear Velocity”, the data area is divided into a plurality of zone areas.

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a plurality of zone areas provided concentrically on a DVD-RAM. As shown in FIG.
It is divided into four zone areas. The rotational angular velocity of the DVD-RAM is set for each zone area so as to become faster in the zone on the inner peripheral side, and is kept constant while the optical pickup accesses in one zone. With this, DVD
-The recording density of the RAM is increased, and the rotation control during recording / reproduction is facilitated.

FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram in which the lead-in area, the lead-out area, and the zone areas 0 to 23 shown concentrically in FIG. 5A are arranged in the horizontal direction. The lead-in area and the lead-out area include a defect management area (DMA: Defect Management) therein.
Area). The defect management area refers to an area in which position information indicating the position of a sector in which a defect has occurred and alternative position information indicating in which of the above-mentioned alternative areas a sector replacing the defective sector exists are recorded. .

Each zone area has a user area inside thereof, and has an alternative area and an unused area at the boundary. The user area refers to an area that can be used as a recording area by the file system. The replacement area is an area used when a defective sector exists.
The unused area is an area that is not used for data recording.
An unused area is provided for about two tracks. The unused area is provided because the sector address is recorded at the same position on an adjacent track in the zone, but the ZC
In the LV, since the recording position of the sector address is different in the track adjacent to the zone boundary, it is to prevent the sector address from being erroneously determined.

As described above, there are sectors not used for data recording at the zone boundaries. For this reason, the DVD-R is designed to continuously show only the sectors used for data recording.
AM is a logical sector number (LSN: Log) in order from the inner circumference.
ical Sector Number) is assigned to a physical sector in the user area.

FIG. 6 shows a DV composed of logical sectors.
2 shows a logical data space of a D-RAM. The logical data space is called a volume space and records user data. The volume area manages recording data by a file system. That is, volume structure information for managing a group of sectors for storing data as a file and a group of files as a directory is recorded at the beginning and end of the volume area. The file system according to the present embodiment is called UDF and conforms to the ISO13346 standard.

The above-mentioned group of sectors is not always arranged continuously in the volume space, but is partially arranged discretely. For this reason, the file system manages, as an extent, a group of sectors that are continuously arranged in the volume space among the sector groups that constitute the file, and manages the file as a set of related extents.

FIG. 7 shows the structure of directories and files recorded on the DVD-RAM. Below the root is a DISC_Manager file that manages the entire disc, and at the same level there are directories for each standard format. Under each directory, object files for playback in a format according to each standard, and A management information file indicating the reproduction order and various attributes of the file is recorded.

The object of the VR directory is MPE
Data conforming to the G standard, PS_VOB, AO
B and POB. PS_VOB, AOB, POB is M
This is a PEG program stream (PS). The objects in the SR directory are data conforming to the MPEG standard, and include TS2_VOB. This is an MPEG transport stream (TS). PRIVT
Records application-specific navigation data and information specific to the application connected to the device.

The object of the VIDEO directory is data conforming to the MPEG standard.
S. VOB, VTS. There is a VOB. This is an MPEG PS. The objects in the SELF directory are:
TS1-VOB, which is an MPEG-TS in which the recording apparatus has performed self-encoding.

Although not shown in FIG. 7, data conforming to DVD-AUDIO is recorded in the AUDIO directory. Data of other standards is recorded in the ETC directory. The program stream has a data structure considering storage of AV information in a package medium, while the transport stream has a data structure considering communication media.

PS_VOB, TS1_VOB, TS2-
A VOB is an object that has both video information and audio information and is mainly composed of video information. Of these, TS
1_VOB is an object in which encoding is performed by a DVD recorder and the internal picture structure is managed in detail, and TS2_VOB is an object encoded outside the DVD recorder and has a data structure such as an internal picture structure. Unknown object.

Typically, TS1_VOB is an object in which an analog video signal input from the outside is encoded by the DVD recorder into a transport stream, and TS2_VOB is directly encoded on the disc without encoding the digital video signal input from the outside. The recorded object.

AOB and POB are MPEG program streams, AOB is an object mainly composed of audio information, and POB is an object mainly composed of still images.

The above-mentioned main subject of video information and main subject of audio information means that the bit rate is largely allocated.
VOB is used for applications such as movies, and AOB
Is used for music applications.

(4. Outline of AV Information to be Reproduced) FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of MPEG data recorded as various AV objects on a DVD disk. As shown in FIG. 8, the video stream and the audio stream are respectively divided and multiplexed. In the MPEG standard, a stream after multiplexing is called a system stream. In the case of a DVD, a system stream in which DVD-specific information is set is stored in a VOB (Video Object).
t). The unit of division is called a packed packet, and has a data amount of about 2 KB.

The video stream is coded according to the MPEG standard, is compressed at a variable bit rate, and has a high bit rate for a complex video such as a fast moving one. According to the MPEG standard, each picture of a video is
The pictures are coded by classifying them into pictures, P pictures, and B pictures. Of these, the I picture has been subjected to spatial compression encoding completed within the frame, and the P picture, B picture
The picture is temporally compressed and coded using the correlation between frames. In MPEG, a section including at least an I picture is defined as a GOP (Group of Picture).
re). The GOP becomes an access point in trick play such as fast-forward play. This is because it has an I-picture compressed in a frame.

On the other hand, for encoding an audio stream, DV
In the case of D, encoding of AC3 and LPCM is used in addition to AAC and MP3 which are MPEG audio. As shown in FIG. 8, the multiplexed data unit including the video information constituting the GOP and the accompanying audio information is VOBU.
(Video Object Unit).
The VOBU may include information for managing the moving image section as header information. The system stream described in FIG. 8 includes a program stream (PS) and a transport stream (TS). The former has a data structure considering a package medium, and the latter has a data structure considering a communication medium.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the data structures of the program stream and the transport stream. The program stream is composed of fixed-length packs, which are the minimum units for transmission and multiplexing.
It has more than one packet. Both the pack and the packet have a header section and a data section. In MPEG, the data part is called a payload. In the case of DVD, the fixed length of the pack is 2 KB in conformity with the sector size. A pack can have a plurality of packets, but a pack that stores DVD video and audio has only one packet, so that one pack = 1 packet except in special cases.

On the other hand, the unit of transmission and multiplexing of the transport stream is composed of fixed-length TS packets. TS
The size of the packet is 188B, which is compatible with ATM transmission, which is a communication standard. TS packet is 1
One or more collectively constitute a PES packet. The PES packet is a concept common to the program stream and the transport stream, and has a common data structure. The packet stored in the pack of the program stream is P
An ES packet is directly formed, and one or more TS packets of a transport stream are collected to form a PES packet.

The PES packet is a minimum unit of encoding, and stores video information and audio information which are commonly encoded. That is, video information and audio information of different encoding systems are not mixedly stored in one PES packet. However, picture boundaries and audio frame boundaries need not be guaranteed for the same encoding method. As shown in FIG.
One I picture is stored in an S packet,
A plurality of picture data may be stored in the ES packet.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show the individual data structures of the transport stream and the program stream. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, the TS packet is
It comprises an S packet header, an application field, and a payload part. The PID (Pa) is included in the TS packet header.
packet identification), whereby various streams such as a video stream or an audio stream to which the TS packet belongs are identified.

The application field contains a PCR (Program)
m Clock Reference) is stored.
PCR is a reference value of the reference clock (STC) of the device that decodes the stream. The device typically demultiplexes the system stream at the timing of PCR and reconstructs it into various streams such as a video stream.

The PES header contains a DTS (Decodi)
ng Time Stamp) and PTS (Presen)
station time stamp) is stored.
DTS indicates the decoding timing of the picture / audio frame stored in the PES packet, and PTS
Indicates presentation timing such as video / audio output. Note that PTS, DT are included in all PES packet headers.
It is not necessary to have S, and if PTS and DTS are included in the header of the PES packet in which the start data of the I picture starts to be stored, there is no problem in decoding and output.

FIG. 12 shows details of the structure of the TS packet. As shown in FIG.
In addition to the above, a random access display flag is stored, and the flag indicates whether or not data corresponding to the head of a video / audio frame and being an access point is stored in a corresponding payload portion. Further, in addition to the above-described PID, the header part of the TS packet also stores a unit start display flag indicating the start of the PES packet, and applied field control information indicating whether or not an applied field follows.

FIG. 11 shows the structure of a pack constituting a program stream. Pack is SC in pack header
R and StreamID. The SCR is substantially the same as the PCR of the transport stream, and the StreamID is substantially the same as the PID. Since the data structure of the PES packet is common to the transport stream, PTS and DTS are stored in the PES header.

One of the major differences between the program stream and the transport stream is that a multi-program is allowed in the transport stream. That is,
Although only one program can transmit a program stream in units of programs, the transport stream is assumed to transmit a plurality of programs at the same time. For this reason, in the transport stream, it is necessary for the playback device to identify either a video stream or an audio stream that constitutes a program for each program.

FIG. 13 shows a PAT for transmitting configuration information of an audio stream and a video stream constituting a program.
2 shows a table and a PMAP table. As shown in FIG. 13, the PMAP table stores information on a combination of a video stream and an audio stream used for each program, and the PAT table stores information on a combination of the program and the PMAP table. The playback device is P
A video stream and an audio stream constituting the program requested to be output can be detected from the AT table and the PMAP table.

Next, the above-described pack of the program stream and the arrangement of the TS packets of the transport stream on the disc will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14A, 16 sectors form an ECC block. A pack (PS Pack) constituting a video object (PS_VOB) in the form of a program stream is arranged at a sector boundary as shown in FIG. This is because both the pack size and the sector size are 2 KB.

On the other hand, a video object (TS1-VOB / TS2-V) in the form of a transport stream
OB) is placed in the ECC block in units of 8 KB, called capsules. The capsule has an 18B header area and the data area has A
Forty-three TS packets to which TS information is added are arranged. ATS information (Arrival Time Stam
p Information) is information generated and added by the DVD recorder, and the packet
This is information indicating the timing transmitted from the outside to the D recorder.

(5. Outline of Management Information and Playback Control of AV Information) FIGS. 15 and 16 show management information (*) shown in FIG.
Manager, * is VR, SR, SELF, ETC
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a data structure of a file called “VR_Manager”, in particular, showing a structure of VR_Manager. The management information file has object information indicating management information such as a recording position of various objects on a disc, and reproduction control information indicating a reproduction order of the objects.

FIG. 15 shows a case where there are PS-VOB # 1 to PS-VOB # n as objects recorded on the disk. As shown in FIG. 15, there is an information table for PS-VOB, and the information table has VOB information for each object. The VOB information includes general information of the corresponding object, attribute information of the object, an access map for converting the reproduction time of the object into an address on the disk, and management information of the access map. The general information includes identification information of the corresponding object, the recording time of the object, and the like. The attribute information includes video stream information (V_ATR) including the coding mode of the video stream, the number of audio streams (AST_Ns), And audio stream information (A_ATR) including a coding mode of the audio stream.

There are two reasons for requiring an access map. The first is to prevent the reproduction path information from directly referring to the recording position of the object on the disk by a sector address or the like, and to be able to indirectly refer to the reproduction time of the object. In the case of a RAM medium, the recording position of the object may be changed by editing or the like. However, if the reproduction path information directly refers to the recording position of the object by a sector address or the like, the reproduction path information to be updated This is because the number increases. On the other hand, if the reproduction time is indirectly referred to, the reproduction path information need not be updated, and only the access map needs to be updated.

The second reason is that an AV stream generally has two references, a time axis and a data (bit string) axis, and there is no perfect correlation between these two references. For example, M which is an international standard for video streams
In the case of PEG-2 video, the use of a variable bit rate (a method of changing the bit rate according to the complexity of image quality) is becoming mainstream, and in this case, the proportionality between the amount of data from the head and the playback time is increasing. Since there is no relationship, random access based on the time axis cannot be performed. In order to solve this problem, the object information has an access map for performing conversion between a time axis and a data (bit string) axis.

As shown in FIG. 15, the reproduction control information has a user-defined reproduction path information table, an original reproduction path information table, and a title search pointer.

As shown in FIG. 16, the playback path includes the DV
There are two types: original definition reproduction path information that is automatically generated so that the D recorder indicates all objects recorded at the time of object recording, and user-defined reproduction path information that allows a user to freely define a reproduction sequence. The playback path is PGC information (Program Chain) for DVD.
Information).
The user-defined reproduction path information is called U-PGC information, and the original reproduction path information is called O-PGC information. O-PG
Each of the C information and the U-PGC information is information that lists cell information, which is information indicating a cell that is a reproduction section of the object, in a table format. The playback section of the object indicated by the O-PGC information is the original cell (O-CEL).
L), and the reproduction section of the object indicated by the U-PGC information is called a user cell (U-CELL).

The cell indicates the playback section of the object by the playback start time and the playback end time of the object. The playback start time and the playback end time are determined by the access map described above.
It is converted into the actual recording position information of the object on the disk.

As shown in FIG. 16B, a group of cells indicated by the PGC information forms a series of reproduction sequences that are sequentially reproduced according to the entry order of the table.

FIG. 17 shows objects, cells, PGCs,
FIG. 3 is a diagram specifically illustrating a relationship between access maps. As shown in FIG. 17, the original PGC information 50 includes at least one piece of cell information 60, 61, 62, 63. The cell information 60... Specifies an object to be reproduced, and
The object type and the playback section of the object are designated. The recording order of the cell information in the PGC information 50 indicates the reproduction order when the object specified by each cell is reproduced.

One cell information 60 includes type information (Type) 60a indicating the type of the object designated by the cell information 60.
And an object ID which is object identification information
(Object ID) 60b and start time information (Start_PTM) 60c in the object on the time axis
And end time information (En) in the object on the time axis.
d_PTM) 60d.

At the time of data reproduction, the cell information 60 in the PCG information 50 is sequentially read, and the object specified by each cell is reproduced for the reproduction section specified by the cell. The access map 80c converts the start time information and the end time information indicated by the cell information into position information of the object on the disk.

The map information described above is generated and recorded together with the recording of the object. In order to generate a map, it is necessary to analyze the picture structure in the data of the object. Specifically, it is necessary to detect the position of the I picture shown in FIG. 9 and to detect time stamp information such as PTS, which is the reproduction time of the I picture shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. The management information file having the above structure is configured not only for VR but also for formats such as SR, SELF, and ETC.

Here, a problem that occurs when map information of PS-VOB, TS1-VOB, and TS2-VOB is generated will be described below. PS-VOB, TS-VOB1
Is mainly generated by a DVD recorder encoding a received analog broadcast into an MPEG stream as described with reference to FIG. Therefore, the information of the I picture and various time stamps is generated by itself,
The data structure inside the stream is clear to the VD recorder, and there is no problem in generating the map information.

Next, regarding the TS2-VOB, as described with reference to FIG.
The D recorder directly records on the disk without encoding. For this reason, unlike the PS-VOB, the position and time stamp information of the I picture are not generated by themselves, so that the data structure inside the stream is not clear for the DVD recorder, and the information is detected from the digital stream to be recorded. Is required. Therefore, D
The VD recorder detects an I picture and a time stamp as described below with respect to the map information of the TS2-VOB that records the stream encoded outside the recorder.

First, the detection of the I picture is performed by detecting the random access display information in the applicable field of the TS packet shown in FIG. The detection of the time stamp is performed by detecting the PTS of the PES header. Regarding the time stamp, instead of the PTS, the PCR in the application field or the TS packet
A, which is the arrival timing transmitted to the VD recorder
TS may be used instead. In any case, the DVD recorder does not analyze the data structure of the video layer of the MPEG stream, but detects the position of the I picture based on the information of the system layer which is the upper layer. This is because the load on the system is large to perform the analysis of the video layer to generate the map information.

In some cases, it is impossible to detect the system layer. In this case, however, it is necessary to indicate that there is no valid map information because map information cannot be generated. In the DVD recorder, these are indicated by the map management information shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 15B, the map management information has map validity information and a self-encoding flag. The self-encoding flag indicates that the object is an object encoded by the DVD recorder itself, indicates that the internal picture structure is clear, and indicates that the time stamp information of the map information and the position information of the I picture are accurate. The map validity information indicates whether there is a valid access map.

As examples where the system layer cannot be detected, a case where no applicable field is set or a digital stream which is not an MPEG transport stream in the first place can be considered. Since various formats of digital broadcasting can be established in countries around the world, it is naturally expected that DVD recorders record objects for which maps cannot be generated. For example, DV assuming digital broadcasting in Japan
When a D recorder is used in the United States and a digital broadcast in the United States is recorded, there are cases where an object for which a map cannot be generated is recorded.

However, the DVD recorder can also sequentially reproduce objects from which no map information is generated from the beginning. In this case, by outputting the recorded digital stream to the STB corresponding to the stream via the digital I / F, the video can be reproduced.

(6. Basic Operation of Reproduction Function) Next, FIG.
A reproduction operation of a DVD recorder player that reproduces the above-mentioned optical disk using will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, the player has an optical pickup 201 for reading data from the DVD-RAM disc 100, an ECC processing unit 202 for performing error correction and the like on the read data, and temporarily stores the read data after error correction. Track buffer 203 and moving image object (PS_VOB)
Decoder 20 for reproducing a program stream such as
5 and a TS decoder 20 for reproducing a transport stream of a digital broadcast object (TS1_VOB)
6, an audio decoder 207 for reproducing an audio object (AOB), and a still image object (P
OB), a switch 210 for switching data input to each of the decoders 205, 206,..., And a control unit 211 for controlling each part of the player
And

Data recorded on the DVD-RAM disc 100 is read from the optical pickup 201 and passed through the ECC processing unit 202 to the track buffer 20.
3 is stored. The data stored in the track buffer 203 includes a PS decoder 205, a TS decoder 206,
The signal is input to one of the audio decoder 207 and the still image decoder 208, decoded, and output.

At this time, the control unit 211 determines the data to be read based on the reproduction sequence indicated by the reproduction path information (PGC) shown in FIG. That is, in the example of FIG. 16, the control unit 211 transmits the partial section (CELL) of VOB # 1.
# 1) is reproduced first, then a partial section (CELL # 2) of VOB # 3 is reproduced, and finally, VOB # 2 (CELL # 2) is reproduced.
L # 3).

The control unit 211 can acquire the type of the cell to be reproduced, the corresponding object, the reproduction start time of the object, and the reproduction end time from the cell information of the reproduction path information (PGC) shown in FIG. . The control unit 211 inputs the data of the section of the object specified by the cell information to a suitable decoder.

At this time, the control unit 211
The object to be reproduced is specified by the project ID. Further, the control unit 211 specifies the cell which is the reproduction section of the specified object by using the StartP in the cell information.
The conversion is performed by converting the TM and the EndPTM into the address of the disk information using the access map of the corresponding VOB information.

The player according to the present embodiment further comprises:
It has a digital interface 204 for supplying an AV stream to the outside. This makes it possible to supply the AV stream to the outside via communication means such as IEEE 1394 or IEC958. this is,
In particular, a TS2-VOB that has not been encoded by itself may not have a corresponding decoder inside the player.
External STB through digital interface 204
, And can be reproduced by the STB.

When directly outputting digital data to the outside, the control unit 211 determines whether or not random access reproduction is possible based on the map management information shown in FIG.
If the access point information flag is valid, the access map has the position information of the I picture. Therefore, if there is a request for fast-forward playback or the like from an external device, the control unit 211 can output digital data including an I picture to the external device via the digital I / F.
If the time access information flag is valid, time access is possible. Therefore, in response to a time access request from an external device, the control unit 211 can output digital data including picture data corresponding to the designated reproduction time to the external device via the digital I / F. .

(7. Basic Operation of Recording Function) Next, FIG.
The configuration and operation of a DVD recorder according to the present invention, which records and reproduces data on and from the optical disk by using a DVD, will be described. As shown in FIG. 19, the DVD recorder displays a message to the user and receives a request from the user.
/ F section 222, a system control section 212 for managing and controlling the entire DVD recorder, an analog broadcast tuner 213 for receiving VHF and UHF, an encoder 214 for converting an analog signal into a digital signal and encoding it into an MPEG program stream, digital satellite broadcasting , A digital broadcast tuner 215, an analyzer 216 for analyzing an MPEG transport stream sent by a digital satellite, a display 217 such as a television and a speaker,
A decoder 218 for decoding the AV stream.

The decoder 218 includes the first and second decoders shown in FIG. Further, the DVD recorder includes a digital I / F section 219, a track buffer 220 for temporarily storing write data, and a DVD-RA
And a drive 221 for writing data to the M100. The digital I / F unit 219 is an interface that outputs data to an external device by a communication unit such as IEEE1394.

In the DVD recorder thus configured, the user I / F section 222 first receives a request from the user. The user I / F unit 222 transmits a request from the user to the system control unit 212, and the system control unit 212
Interprets the request from the user and makes a processing request to each module.

Recording includes self-encoding in which input digital data is encoded by itself, and outside encoding in which encoded digital data is recorded on a disk without encoding.

(7.1 Recording Operation by Self-Encoding) First, for self-encoding recording, the operation of encoding and recording an analog broadcast to PS-VOB will be specifically described below. System control unit 2
12 requests reception to the analog broadcast tuner 213 and encoding to the encoder unit 214. Encoder part 2
Reference numeral 14 video-encodes, audio-encodes, and system-encodes the AV data sent from the analog broadcast tuner 213 and sends it to the track buffer 220.

Immediately after the start of encoding, the encoder unit 214 sends the time stamp information of the head data of the MPEG program stream being encoded to the system control unit 212 as the reproduction start time (PS_VOB_V_S_PTM), and subsequently creates an access map. Information necessary for this is sent to the system control unit 212 in parallel with the encoding process. This value is used in FIG.
Start_PTM of the cell information shown in FIG. Time stamp information is generally PTS, but SCR
May be substituted.

Next, the system control unit 212
21, and the drive 221 extracts the data stored in the track buffer 220 and
The data is recorded on the VD-RAM disk 100. At this time, the above-mentioned continuous area (CDA) is searched from the recordable area on the disc, and data is recorded in the searched continuous area.

The end of recording is instructed by a stop request from the user. The recording stop request from the user is transmitted to the system control unit 212 through the user I / F unit 222, and the system control unit 212
3 and a stop request is issued to the encoder unit 214.

The encoder 214 has a system controller 212
In response to the request to stop encoding, the encoding process is stopped, and the time stamp information included in the end data of the MPEG program stream that was finally encoded is sent to the system control unit 212 as the reproduction end time (PS_VOB_V_E_PTM). This value is set in End_PTM of the cell information shown in FIG. PTS is usually set as the time stamp information, but SCR may be used instead.

After the encoding process is completed, the system control section 212 uses the information received from the encoder 214 to generate the PS-VOB VOB information (PS-VOB information) shown in FIG.
VOBI) and playback control information. Here, the generated VOB information includes an access map suitable for the object type and map management information. System control unit 21
2 sets the map validity information of the map management information to valid and turns on the self-encoding flag.

As the reproduction control information, an original reproduction path (O-PGC information) shown in FIG. 16 in which the recorded object is one of the reproduction targets is generated. The generated O-PGC information is added to the original reproduction path table. The original reproduction path (O-PGC information) has cell information. The type information of the cell information includes "PS-VO
B ”is set.

Lastly, the system control unit 212 requests the drive 221 to end the recording of the data stored in the track buffer 220 and to record the PS-VOB VOB information (PS_VOBI) and the reproduction control information. The drive 221 stores the remaining data in the track buffer 220 and these information on the DVD-RAM disk 100.
And the created VOB information is added to the DISC_Manager file, and the recording process ends.

Note that the analog broadcast may be encoded into TS1-VOB. In this case, encoder 2
It is necessary that the encoder 14 converts an analog signal into a digital signal and encodes the digital signal into an MPEG transport stream, and the type information in the cell information is “TS1-
VOB ". Start_PTM in this case
End_PTM may be PTS or PCR.

(7.2 Recording Operation by Outside Encoding) Next, recording by outside encoding will be specifically described through the operation of recording a digital broadcast. In this case, the type of the recorded object is TS2-VOB. The digital broadcast recording request by the user is transmitted to the system control unit 212 through the user I / F unit 222. The system control unit 212 requests reception to the digital broadcast tuner 215 and data analysis to the analysis unit 216.

The MPEG transport stream sent from the digital broadcast tuner 215 is transferred to the track buffer 220 through the analysis unit 216. Analysis unit 21
6 is an encoded MPEG transport stream (TS2-V) received as a digital broadcast first.
As information necessary for generating the VOB information (TS2_VOBI) of the OB), the time stamp information included in the leading data of the transport stream is included in the start time information (TS2_VOBI)
VOB_V_S_PTM) and sends it to the system control unit 212. The start time information is generated in FIG.
7 is set to Start_PTM of the cell information shown in FIG.
This time stamp information becomes PCR or PTS.
Alternatively, ATS, which is the timing at which the object is transmitted to the DVD recorder, may be used instead.

[0097] The analysis unit 216 further analyzes the system layer of the MPEG transport stream and detects information necessary for creating an access map. Regarding the position of the I picture in the object, as described above, the application field (adaptation) in the TS packet header is used.
field), the random access indicator (r
The detection is performed based on (andam_access_indicator).

Next, the system control unit 212
The drive 221 outputs a recording request to the track buffer 220 and records the data on the DVD-RAM disk 100. At this time, the system control unit 212 instructs the drive 221 on the basis of the allocation information of the file system where to record on the disc. At this time, the above-mentioned continuous area (CDA) is searched from the recordable area on the disc, and data is recorded in the searched continuous area.

The end of recording is instructed by a stop request from the user. The recording stop request from the user is transmitted to the system control unit 212 through the user I / F unit 222, and the system control unit 212
Is issued to the analysis unit 216.

The analysis unit 216 receives the analysis stop request from the system control unit 212, stops the analysis processing, and displays the time stamp information included in the data of the end section of the last analyzed MPEG transport stream at the display end time (TS
2_VOB_V_E_PTM) as the system control unit 2
Send to 12. This value corresponds to the End of the cell information shown in FIG.
_PTM is set. This time stamp information is P
CR or PTS. Alternatively, ATS, which is the timing at which the object is transmitted to the DVD recorder, may be used instead.

After the digital broadcast receiving process is completed, the system control unit 212, based on the information received from the analysis unit 216, uses the TS2-VOB VOB information (T
S2_VOBI) and playback control information.

Here, the generated VOB information includes an access map suitable for the object type and map management information. The system control unit 212 sets the map validity information of the map management information to valid when detecting a position or the like of the I picture in the object and generating a valid access map. The self-encoding flag is O
Make FF settings. If a valid access map cannot be generated, the map validity information is set to invalid. As a case where a valid access map cannot be generated, a case where an unsupported digital broadcast is received, a case where there is no random access information in an applicable field, and the like are considered. In the case where the data is directly input from the digital I / F, there may be a case where the stream is not an MPEG transport stream.

As the reproduction control information, an original reproduction path (O-PGC information) shown in FIG. 16 in which the recorded object is one of the reproduction targets is generated. The generated O-PGC information is added to the original reproduction path table. The original reproduction path (O-PGC information) has cell information. The type information of the cell information includes "TS2-VO
B ”is set.

Lastly, the system control unit 212 requests the drive 221 to end the recording of the data stored in the track buffer 220 and to record the VOB information (TS2_VOBI) for TS2-VOB and the reproduction control information. The drive 221 stores the remaining data in the track buffer 220 and these information on the DVD-RAM disk 100.
And the created VOB information is added to the DISC_Manager file, and the recording process ends.

The operation has been described above based on the recording start and end requests from the user. For example, in the case of timer recording used in a VTR, the system control unit automatically starts recording on behalf of the user. And an end request are issued, but the operation of the DVD recorder is not essentially different.

(8. Summary of the Invention) The present invention enables data of different formats to be mixedly recorded on one disk. Conventional DVD-R
In the data structure of AM or the like, only data of a single format can be recorded on one disk, and when data of different formats is recorded, it is necessary to record data on different disks. However, in the present invention, since data of different formats can be mixedly recorded, a disk can be used effectively, and it is very effective especially for a large-capacity recording medium such as an HDD.

(9. Detailed Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Basic playback and recording operations in the playback and recording devices are as shown in (6. Basic operation of playback function) and (7. Basic operation of recording function), respectively.

FIG. 20 shows the DISC_Manager file structure. In FIG. 20, search pointer information for other information is recorded in the DISC general information, and VR information, VR information,
There are SR information, VIDEO information, SELF information, ETC information, and the like. These pieces of information record a search pointer to a management information file of each format in each directory, a search pointer to reproduction path information, and the like.

First, a flowchart of the recording operation is shown in FIG. In FIG. 21, when a recording operation is started, a directory for recording is created (step 501). Next, recording objects are sequentially generated and recorded in the directory (step 502).
Subsequently, the recorded object information is generated and recorded (step 503), and the reproduction path information is generated and recorded (step 504). Then, in the root directory, the Manager search pointer, the O_PGC search pointer, and the U_PGC for the recorded object are stored in the DISC_Manager file.
The search pointer and the like are recorded (step 505), and the recording operation ends (step 506).

FIG. 22 shows a flowchart of the reproducing operation. In FIG. 22, first, the DISC_Manager file of the disc to be reproduced is read, and data to be reproduced is selected (step 601).
DISC_Manager for selected data
The reproduction path information is read by referring to the search pointer information in (step 602), and the reproduction path to be reproduced is selected (step 603). Next, reproduction is performed by repeating a loop of reading object information arriving at an object to be reproduced (step 605), reading an object to be reproduced (step 606), and reproducing (step 607) until the reproduction ends. .

In the present embodiment, mainly DVD-RA
Although the M disk has been described, the present invention may be applied to other optical disks, hard disk drives, magnetic recording devices, and semiconductor memories.

In this embodiment, VR, DVD-
The format of VIDEO, SR, SELF, ETC has been described, but other formats (D
VD-AUDIO).

The file structure according to the present invention may be different from that described in the present embodiment, if a similar effect can be obtained.

[0114]

According to the present invention, data of different formats can be mixedly recorded on one disc, and the disc can be used effectively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view for explaining an example of the external appearance of a DVD recorder device and an interface with related devices;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a drive device of the DVD recorder.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a drive device of a DVD recorder having an HDD and a semiconductor memory.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a continuous area on a disk and a data storage amount in a track buffer;

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the external appearance and physical structure of a disk.

FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a logical data space of a disk;

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the directory and file structure of a disk.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a video object.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining an MPEG system stream.

FIG. 10 illustrates an MPEG-TS stream.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an MPEG-PS stream.

FIG. 12 illustrates a TS packet.

FIG. 13 illustrates a PAT table.

FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the arrangement of video objects on a disc.

FIG. 15 illustrates a data structure of video management information.

FIG. 16 is a view for explaining the data structure of video management information.

FIG. 17 is a view for explaining the relationship between PGC information, object information, and objects of video management information.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of a playback device.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a recording apparatus.

FIG. 20 is a diagram of a DISC_Manager file structure.

FIG. 21 is an operation flowchart of the recording apparatus.

FIG. 22 is an operation flowchart of a playback apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 100 DVD-RAM disk 101, 201 Optical pickup 102, 202 ECC processing unit 103, 203, 220 Track buffer 104, 210 Switch 105, 214 Encoder 106, 205, 206, 218 decoder 207 Audio decoder 208 Still image decoder 211 Control unit 212 System control unit 213 Analog broadcast tuner 215 Digital broadcast tuner 216 Analysis unit 217 Display unit 219 Digital I / F unit 221 Drive 222 User I / F unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G11B 20/10 321 G11B 20/10 321Z 27/00 27/00 D H04N 5/85 H04N 5/85 Z 5 / 92 5/92 H (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Nakamura 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.F-term (reference) 5B065 BA03 CS10 ZA06 5C052 AA04 AB04 AB05 AB09 CC11 DD04 DD10 5C053 FA25 FA30 GA11 GB06 GB38 JA21 KA08 KA26 LA01 LA06 LA07 LA11 5D044 AB05 AB07 BC04 CC04 DE02 DE14 DE22 DE37 DE49 DE53 DE58 EF05 FG18 GK08 5D110 AA17 AA27 AA29 DA01 DA11 DA12 DB03 DC05 DC16 DE01 FA08

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An information recording medium for recording, as video management information, a video object and information for managing reproduction of the video object, wherein data of different formats can be mixedly recorded. Information recording medium. 2. The different format is a DVD
VIDEO standard format and DVD Video
Recording Standard format and DVD St
stream Recording standard format and D
VD AUDIO standard format, other video information recording formats, other audio information recording formats, other video / audio information recording formats,
2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the information recording medium has another stream recording format. 3. A recording apparatus for recording information on an information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein said means for generating said video object, means for generating said video object management information, and said generated video A recording apparatus comprising: means for recording object management information; and means for recording data of different formats in a mixed manner. 4. The different format is a DVD
VIDEO standard format and DVD Video
Recording Standard format and DVD St
stream Recording standard format and D
VD AUDIO standard format and other video information recording formats, other audio information recording formats, other video and audio information recording formats,
4. The recording apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the recording apparatus has another stream recording format. 5. A reproducing apparatus for reproducing an information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein said video object management information is read by said reading means, and said video object is read based on said read video object management information. Reading means for reading, means for reproducing the read video object based on the read video object management information, means for reading mixed data in different formats, and reading the mixed data in different formats. A playback device comprising: a playback unit. 6. The different format is a DVD
VIDEO standard format and DVD Video
Recording Standard format and DVD St
stream Recording standard format and D
VD AUDIO standard format, other video information recording formats, other audio information recording formats, other video / audio information recording formats,
6. The reproducing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the reproducing apparatus has another stream recording format.