JP2002356116A - Electric power vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric vehicle capable of positively traveling even when lacking torque of a travel system without having adverse effect on working environment. SOLUTION: This electric power vehicle has a traveling motor for a driving wheel for traveling, and a PTO motor for driving a PTO shaft for driving a working machine. A power transmission system extending from the traveling motor to the wheel is provided with a converging part for converging PTO system power, and a continuously variable transmission is interposed on the way from the PTO motor to the converging part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power vehicle such as a tractor or a rice transplanter driven by an electric motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a powered vehicle such as a tractor or a rice transplanter, a diesel engine is mounted on a front part of the body,
In addition, a transmission is provided in the transmission case to split the power of the traveling system and the power of the PTO system. In the traveling system, the rotational power decelerated by the transmission is transmitted to the front wheels and the rear wheels. Also, the rotary power decelerated by the transmission is transmitted to the PTO shaft at the rear of the machine to drive the working machine.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional apparatus, there are disadvantages that a large number of auxiliary devices such as a radiator and a muffler are required in addition to the engine, resulting in a high manufacturing cost as a whole, There is a problem that the working environment is deteriorated due to vibration and noise. In addition, a small tractor sometimes enters a house to perform management work, but a diesel engine has a disadvantage that exhaust gas is trapped in the house and cannot be worked for a long time.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves such a problem and can easily assist with a PTO torque when running torque is insufficient. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle capable of performing the following.

Therefore, the following technical measures have been taken. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electric powered vehicle including a traveling motor that drives a traveling wheel and a PTO motor that drives a PTO shaft for driving a work implement,
An electric powered vehicle is characterized in that a merging portion for merging the power of the PTO system into a power transmission system from the traveling motor to the wheels is provided.

Further, according to the present invention, the PTO
The electric power vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a continuously variable transmission is interposed between the motor for use and the junction. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the speed change setting operation section for rotating both the traveling motor and the PTO motor at the designated number of revolutions is provided, and the PTO system is switched based on the difference between the set inverter frequency and the actual inverter frequency. An electric powered vehicle is configured to transmit power to a traveling system. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the PTO motor and the traveling motor are driven only when the vehicle starts traveling to transmit the PTO system power to the traveling system power. Electric powered vehicle.

[0007]

When the work is performed by running the body, the running motor and the PTO motor are driven, the PTO motor rotates the PTO shaft, and the running motor drives the rear wheels and the front wheels to move the body. Let it run.

When the traveling load increases and the forward speed of the body decreases, a part of the power of the PTO motor is combined with the traveling system to compensate for the shortage of the traveling torque. Where PT
A stepless transmission is interposed in front of the confluence section to make the rotational speeds of the O system and the traveling system substantially coincide with each other and to join them. Tell

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a tractor 1 according to the present invention, in which front and rear wheels 2 and 3 are provided at the front and rear portions of the tractor 1, respectively, and a PTO driving motor 7 and a traveling motor 8 are mounted in a hood 5. Have been. Each of these motors 7, 8 is an AC motor. Further, a battery 9 is mounted on the front of the fuselage.

A fuel cell 10 is provided at the rear of the fuselage. The fuel cell 10 generates electricity from a hydrogen-absorbing fuel 12, hydrogen extracted from a reformer 13, and oxygen sent from a compressor 14, The battery 9 is configured to store electricity. In the figure, reference numeral 15 denotes a lift arm, and 16 denotes a lower link. The lift arm 15 and the lower link 16 are connected by a lift rod 17, and the lift arm 1
5 is rotated to raise and lower a working machine (not shown) connected to the lower link 16.

The lift arm 15 may be driven by an electric motor or by hydraulic pressure. When driven by an electric motor, another motor is required. When driven by hydraulic pressure, a hydraulic pump is provided, and hydraulic oil sent by the hydraulic pump is guided to a cylinder for driving the lift arm 15.

In both the traveling system and the PTO system, the motor 7,
A gear mechanism as a speed reducer is provided at the rear of the transmission 8 and these are accommodated in a transmission case 19.
FIG. 2 illustrates the transmission mechanism housed in the transmission case 19. A reduction gear 21 is attached to an output shaft 8 a of the traveling motor 8, and a traveling transmission shaft 25 is driven by the gear 21 via gears 22 and 23 sequentially. A clutch C is interposed in the middle of the traveling transmission shaft 25, and when the clutch C is connected, the rotational power of the traveling motor 8 is transmitted to the rear wheel differential device 27 and the front wheel drive unit 28 side. The hydraulic clutch 30 provided in the front wheel drive unit 28 will be described. When the rear clutch 30a is connected, rotation at substantially the same speed as that of the rear wheel 3 is transmitted to the front wheel 2, and when the front clutch 30b is connected. The rotational power at a peripheral speed higher than that of the rear wheel 3 is transmitted to the front wheel 2. The front wheel speed-up mechanism has a conventionally well-known configuration, and is configured to be interlocked so as to be switched in conjunction with a turning operation such as turning a steering handle. Also, any clutch 30a,
When the clutch is disengaged, the so-called two-wheel drive state in which only the rear wheel 3 is driven is established.

In the drawing, reference numeral 32 denotes a front wheel reduction gear mechanism interposed immediately before the rear wheel differential device 27, and 33 denotes a rear wheel differential device 2.
7 is a rear wheel reduction gear mechanism interposed immediately after the rear wheel 7. PT
A small-diameter gear 35 is attached to the output shaft 7a of the O drive motor 7, and a large-diameter gear 36 meshes with the gear 35. A continuously variable transmission 40 is connected to one end of an intermediate shaft 37 that supports the large-diameter gear 36, and a gear 41 is attached to the other end via a clutch B. A gear 42 meshes with the gear 41 to drive the PTO shaft 45. This P
The TO shaft 45 projects rearward from the rear end of the transmission case 19. When driving a rotary work machine connected to the rear of the tractor 1, the PTO shaft 4
5 and the input shaft of the working machine are linked and connected by a universal joint to transmit the power of the tractor.

The continuously variable transmission 40 has a well-known structure in which two pairs of split pulleys are provided and an endless belt is wound between the split pulleys. A transmission actuator 47 is provided. The transmission actuator 47 is controlled by a command from a microcomputer controller 50 described later.

Next, the block diagram shown in FIG. 4 will be described. In this embodiment, all controls are performed by a microcomputer (microcomputer controller) 50 having a CPU.
It is done in. That is, on the input side of the microcomputer 50, a traveling speed instruction operating device 52, a PTO speed instruction operating device 53, a traveling motor rotation sensor 54, a PTO motor rotation sensor 55, a transmission actuator position sensor 5
6. A work content designating device 57 is connected, and a drive motor 8 and a PTO drive motor 7 are connected to the output side via respective inverters 58 and 59, and a transmission actuator 47, clutches A, B, and C are connected. The meter panel 60 is connected. The traveling speed instruction operating device 52 sets the vehicle speed of the tractor 1 and controls the microcomputer 5 so that an inverter frequency corresponding to the designated position is set.
From 0, a command is issued to the traveling inverter 58.
A command is issued to the inverter 59 so that the PTO speed instruction operating device 53 also has the set rotation speed. The traveling motor rotation sensor 54 and the PTO motor rotation sensor 55 detect the actual rotation speeds of the motors 7 and 8, and are disposed near the motor output shafts 7a and 8a, respectively. The work content designating device 57 sets the type of work, and in this embodiment,
It is configured to select any of traveling, PTO work, and towing work.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS. First, in step S1, information of various sensors shown in the block diagram of FIG. 4 is read, and the inverter frequency specified by the PTO speed instruction operating device 53 is set (step S2). Similarly, for the traveling system, the inverter frequency specified by the traveling speed instruction operation device 52 is set (steps S4 and S5).

Then, the load factors are calculated for both the traveling system and the PTO system (step S6). Here, the load factor refers to a difference between an inverter frequency at the time of no load for driving at the designated speed and an inverter frequency at present for maintaining the designated speed. When the PTO shaft 45 is not used, the clutch B and the PTO motor are turned off (step S8), and when the PTO shaft 45 is used, the clutch B and the PTO motor are turned off.
The motor is turned on (step S9).

When the vehicle is not traveling, the traveling motor 8 is turned off (step S11). When the vehicle is traveling and the traveling load is large, the clutches A and P
Turn on the TO motor (steps S12, S13, S
14). In other words, when the traveling load is extremely large, not only the traveling motor 8 but also the PTO motor 7 is rotated so that a part of the rotational power of the PTO system is joined to the traveling system so that the load can be overcome. In this case, the running speed and P
The speed reduction ratio of the transmission actuator is determined from the TO rotation speed, and the position of the transmission actuator 47 is determined (step S15).

The flowchart of FIG. 6 is a partial modification of the flowchart of FIG. in this case,
In principle, work and traveling are performed only by the PTO motor 7, and the traveling motor 8 is used only when the traveling load is large and when starting.
Is configured to be driven. Steps T1 to T6 are the same as those described in the above embodiment, and thus description thereof is omitted.

When the PTO shaft 45 is used, the clutch B and the PTO motor 7 are turned on (steps T7, T7).
9). Then, when traveling, the clutch A is turned on, and when the PTO load is large, the traveling motor 8 is turned on (steps T12, T14). Immediately after starting, both motors 7, 8
Is turned on (steps T15 and T18), and then the clutch B is turned off to run (step T17).

That is, the traveling motor, the PTO
After the motor is turned on and the aircraft starts moving, the vehicle travels only with the PTO motor. This is because when starting on a road or the like, a large torque is required at the start when the vehicle must start to overcome the resistance of the road surface, and thus using both motors 7 and 8 in this way. The starting operation becomes smooth. Note that the power transmission diagram of FIG. 3 is obtained by omitting a part of the configuration of FIG. That is, the rear wheel differential device 27 is directly driven by the traveling motor 8 without providing the clutch C at the rear of the transmission of the traveling motor 8.
The point that the power of the PTO system is merged with the traveling system only when the traveling system becomes difficult due to an increased load on the traveling system is the same as the previous embodiment.

Next, the structure and operation of the electric tractor shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 will be briefly described. Portions having the same configuration as those of the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. FIG.
9 to FIG. 9, one drive motor 70 drives the PTO system and the traveling system.

In general, there are various types of operation of a tractor, such as an operation using a PTO shaft mainly using rotary tilling and a towing operation using a plow or the like. Even in the same rotary tilling work, there are many cases where running traction force is required more than PTO horsepower like work in wet fields,
Both PTO systems are constantly changing.

In the improved device described here, the output of the motor 70 is changed in accordance with the PTO speed instruction operating device 53 and the number of revolutions is changed, and for the traveling system, the continuously variable transmission 40 is appropriately controlled to rotate the PTO shaft 45. The running speed is controlled according to the number. 7, the rotational power of the output shaft 71 of one drive motor 70 is transmitted to the clutch B and the continuously variable transmission 40 via the gear mechanism 72, and the power via the clutch B is transmitted to the PTO shaft via the reduction gear mechanism 73. 45. The rotational power increased or reduced by the continuously variable transmission 40 is transmitted to the reduction gear mechanism 7 via the clutch A.
4. The power is sequentially transmitted to the rear wheels 3 via the rear wheel differential device 27. At the same time, the power reduced by the reduction gear mechanism 74 is further transmitted to the front wheels 2 via the hydraulic clutch 30.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control device for controlling the drive motor 70 and the clutches A and B, and FIG.
The flowchart of FIG. 4 explains the operation, but PT
When performing tillage work or the like using the O-shaft 45, the clutch B
Is turned ON (step U7), and the PTO is simply pulled
When the rotation of the shaft 45 is not used, the clutch B is turned off (step U6). Here, when the tractor 1 travels, the clutch A is turned on to transmit power to the front and rear wheels 2 and 3 (step U10).

In this example, a drive motor 70 and a continuously variable transmission 40 for traveling are provided. The PTO shift is adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the drive motor 70, and the traveling speed is rotated at the PTO rotation speed. Since the speed is adjusted by changing the shift position of the continuously variable transmission 40 according to the motor, the number of transmission gears in the traveling system can be greatly reduced, and the tractor transmission configuration can be manufactured simply and at low cost. Have.

FIG. 10 shows an example in which the control method of the drive motor 70 and the continuously variable transmission 40 is changed depending on whether the PTO shaft 45 is used or not in the configuration of FIG. . In the figure, when the PTO shaft 45 is not used, the clutch B is turned off (steps V5 and V5).
6) When traveling in this state, the clutch A is turned ON, and the continuously variable transmission 40 is fixed to a specific shift position without performing shift control (step VV9). That is, the traveling speed is changed by changing only the drive frequency of the drive motor 70 without using the transmission actuator 47. Only by changing the frequency, the running speed can be changed and the operation can be simplified. In this case, if the torque of the driving motor 70 is insufficient, the stepless transmission 40 is unlocked and deceleration adjusted.
Overcome the load by gaining torque to recover (Step V
11, V12).

On the other hand, when tilling work or the like is performed using the PTO shaft 45, the clutch B is turned on (step V1).
3) When the vehicle runs in this state, the clutch A is turned ON (steps V14 and V16). At this time, the rotation speed of the drive motor 70 is set to be constant, and the speed is changed by the continuously variable transmission 40 (step V17).

[0029]

The present invention is embodied in the form described above and has the following effects. That is,
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power-powered vehicle including a traveling motor for driving a traveling wheel and a PTO motor for driving a work implement driving PTO shaft, wherein power transmission from the traveling motor to the wheels is performed. The system is provided with a junction where the power of the PTO system is merged, so that when the driving traction force is required, part of the power of the PTO system can be transmitted to the driving system, and the work content In addition, efficient power transmission according to the soil conditions of the field can be achieved, and extremely good running assistance can be performed. In addition, since the motor is driven, there is no vibration or noise, and there is no inconvenience of deteriorating the working environment.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the continuously variable transmission is interposed between the PTO motor and the junction, the power transmission from the PTO system to the traveling system is performed smoothly. . Further, the invention of claim 3 is provided with a shift setting operation section for rotating both the traveling motor and the PTO motor at the designated number of revolutions, and the PTO system is changed according to the difference between the set inverter frequency and the actual inverter frequency. Since the electric powered vehicle is configured to transmit power to the traveling system, the power of the PTO system is added to the traveling system only when the traveling load is large, and the load ratio is detected only by the rotation speed. The configuration eliminates the need for an extra sensor such as a torque meter, so that an electric vehicle can be configured at low cost.

Further, according to the present invention, the PTO is provided only when the vehicle starts running.
The driving motor and the driving motor are driven to transmit the power of the PTO system to the power of the running system, so that the vehicle can run overcoming the friction of the road surface and the starting operation can be smoothly performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a tractor.

FIG. 2 is a power transmission diagram.

FIG. 3 is a power transmission diagram partially modified.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart.

FIG. 7 is a power transmission diagram with a partially modified configuration.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tractor 2 Front wheel 3 Rear wheel 7 PTO motor 8 Traveling motor 47 Transmission actuator 50 Microcomputer 52 Traveling speed instruction operating device 53 PTO speed instruction operating device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) B62D 49/00 B62D 49/00 EF term (reference) 3D037 CA06 CB07 CB12 CB13 CB19 CB36 3D043 BA06 BC02 BC03 BC05 BC06 BC09 BC11 BC13 BD06 BF02 BF03 BF05 BF06 EA05 EA18 EA37 EB03 EB12 EB14 EB17 EE08 EF12 EF16 5H115 PA05 PA13 PG04 PG10 PI16 PI18 PU08 PV09 QA07 QI11 RB11 RB24 SE03

Claims (4)

[Claims] An electric power vehicle having a traveling motor for driving a traveling wheel and a PTO motor for driving a PTO shaft for driving a work implement, wherein a power transmission system from the traveling motor to the wheels is provided. An electric powered vehicle, comprising: a merging portion for merging PTO power. 2. The electric powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a continuously variable transmission is interposed between the PTO motor and the junction. 3. A shift setting operation section for rotating both the traveling motor and the PTO motor at a designated number of revolutions is provided.
An electric powered vehicle, wherein power is transmitted from a PTO system to a traveling system according to a magnitude of a difference between a set inverter frequency and an actual inverter frequency. 4. The electric power system according to claim 1, wherein the PTO motor and the traveling motor are driven only when the vehicle starts traveling to transmit the PTO system power to the traveling system power. vehicle.