JP2002349997A - Refrigeration unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refrigeration unit, employing a compression refrigerating machine capable of selecting the operation of an absorption refrigeration unit and a cooling tower, according to the condition of the cooling load and exhaust heat. SOLUTION: The refrigeration unit is constituted of the absorption refrigeration unit 1, employing the exhaust heat as the heat source of a regenerator G and one or more sets of compression refrigeration units 3 equipped with a cooling tower 2, a cooling water heat exchanger 4, a compressor 6, a heat-source side heat exchanger 5 and one or more sets of utilizing side heat exchangers 7. An evaporator E and the cooling water heat exchanger 4 of the absorption refrigeration unit 1 are connected to the heat-source side heat exchanger 5 of the compression refrigeration units 3, in series or in parallel through pipelines 11, 12, or the heat source side heat exchanger of the refrigeration units 3 is constituted of the evaporator E of the refrigeration unit 1 and the cooling water heat exchanger 4, while a refrigerant pipeline for guiding the refrigerant vapor at the outlet port of the compressor to the heat source-side heat exchanger or the evaporator E of the refrigeration unit 1 and the cooling water heat exchanger 4 in parallel is provided, whereby the refrigeration unit extracts hot-water from the evaporator, by conducting heating operation of the refrigeration unit and operates the compression refrigeration unit as a heat pump, while utilizing this as the low heat source of the hot-water to use as the heat pump for heating.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a refrigeration system,
In particular, the present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus to which an absorption refrigerating machine that uses exhaust gas from an engine, a turbine, a fuel cell, or the like as a heat source and a compression refrigerating machine that uses cold heat from a cooling tower are connected.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a cogeneration system, hot water having a relatively low temperature is supplied together with electricity. This hot water is not very hot, is classified as low potential energy, and is often used for hot water supply or heating. Recently, it has been increasingly used as a heat source of an absorption refrigerator for cooling. In the cogeneration system, this hot water is obtained for cooling the engine (jacket hot water), recovering heat from the engine exhaust, or cooling in the case of a fuel cell. In some cases, the absorption refrigerator is operated with low potential energy alone. However, as in the above-described combined cooling system, a method of using together with high potential energy to reduce the amount of required high potential energy has been proposed and adopted. It is starting.

When operating an absorption refrigerator with low potential energy alone, it is necessary to install a large absorption refrigerator unless the cooling load is large, in order to obtain a load capacity corresponding to the cooling load. It was disadvantageous in terms of area and installation cost. To solve this,
2. Description of the Related Art A refrigeration apparatus that cools a liquid refrigerant in a heat source side heat exchanger of a compression chiller by using cold heat of an absorption chiller has been known (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-223412). However, in this refrigeration apparatus, it is necessary to operate both the absorption chiller and the compression chiller even when the cooling load is small, and there is a problem in coping with the case where the cooling load is small.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and uses a compression refrigerator capable of selecting the operation of an absorption refrigerator and a cooling tower according to the cooling load and the state of exhaust heat. Accordingly, it is an object to provide an economical and efficient refrigeration apparatus.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a regenerator comprising a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber, and an evaporator, wherein exhaust heat from an engine, a turbine, a fuel cell, or the like, is regenerated by the regenerator. An absorption refrigerator, a cooling tower, a cooling water heat exchanger for cooling with cooling water of the cooling tower, a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger (outdoor unit) and one or more utilization side heat exchangers ( A refrigerator comprising at least one compression refrigerator having an indoor unit), wherein an evaporator and a cooling water heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerator are connected in series with a heat source side heat exchanger of the compression refrigerator. Alternatively, it is a refrigerating device characterized by being connected in parallel with a pipe.

[0006] In the refrigerating apparatus, the heat source side heat exchanger of the compression refrigerator and the evaporator and cooling water heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerator heat water, brine, or a medium mainly carrying latent heat by latent heat. Heat transport in the pipe as a transport medium, the pipe connected in parallel, the heat transport medium temperature at the heat source side heat exchanger outlet, based on a comparison of the cooling medium temperature of the cooling tower, the heat transport medium A valve may be provided to lead to one of the evaporator and the cooling water heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerator, and the evaporator and the cooling water heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerator each include a plurality of heat sources of the compression refrigerator. Side heat exchangers are connected in parallel via valves,
Based on physical quantities related to the evaporator temperature of the absorption refrigerator,
The number of compression chillers connected to the heat source side heat exchanger connected to the evaporator of the absorption refrigerator can be increased or decreased.

Further, according to the present invention, an absorption refrigerator having a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber, and an evaporator and using exhaust heat as a heat source of the regenerator, a cooling tower, and cooling for cooling with cooling water of the cooling tower Water heat exchanger, one or more compressors, heat source side heat exchanger and one
It is a refrigerating apparatus comprising a compression refrigerator having the above use side heat exchanger, wherein the heat source side heat exchanger of the compression refrigerator is
A refrigerant pipe comprising an evaporator of an absorption refrigerator and a cooling water heat exchanger, and guiding refrigerant vapor at the compressor outlet in parallel to an evaporator and a cooling water heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerator, which is a heat source side heat exchanger. And a refrigeration apparatus characterized by having a refrigeration system. In these refrigerating devices, the compression refrigerator can be provided with a check valve in parallel with the compressor so as to flow from the compressor suction side to the discharge side, and the absorption refrigerator is provided with hot water from the evaporator. And a switching mechanism for performing a heating operation by operating the compression refrigerator with a heat pump using the heating output extracted from the evaporator as a low heat source of the compression refrigerator.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention uses the output (refrigeration effect) of an absorption refrigerator to directly cool and condense refrigerant vapor from a use side heat exchanger (indoor unit) or to cool refrigerant vapor from a compressor. In addition to condensing (acting as a compression-type condenser), a cooling tower attached to the absorption refrigerator can be used by switching, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1 to 3 show the heat source side heat exchanger of the compression refrigerator of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a flow configuration diagram of a refrigerating apparatus in which an evaporator of an absorption refrigerator and a cooling water heat exchanger are connected by pipes. FIGS. It is a flow block diagram of the refrigerating apparatus which consists of a cooling water heat exchanger. In the figure, 1 is an absorption refrigerator, 2 is a cooling tower, 3 is a compression refrigerator, 4 is a cooling water heat exchanger for cooling with cooling water of the cooling tower, 5
Is a heat source side heat exchanger (outdoor unit), 6 is a compressor, 7 is a use side heat exchanger (indoor unit), 8 is a pressure reducing mechanism, 9 is a check valve, E is an evaporator, A is an absorber, G Is a regenerator, C is a condenser,
Reference numerals 11 and 12 denote heat transport medium piping, 13 and 14 denote cooling water piping, and 15 and 16 denote refrigerant piping.

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 shows a case only for cooling.
7 is introduced, cold is extracted from the evaporator E, and the cooling tower 2
Then, the operation of the cooling water pump 22 causes the cooling water to flow through the pipe 1.
The cooling water is circulated through 3 and 14 to cool the cooling water heat exchanger 4 and the absorber A and the condenser C of the absorption refrigerator 1. In the compression refrigerator 3, the refrigerant gas passes through the pipe 15, is compressed by the compressor 6, is cooled and liquefied by the heat source side heat exchanger 5, is decompressed by the decompression mechanism 8, and is gasified by the use side heat exchanger 7. Generate cold heat. The heat-source-side heat exchanger 5 is connected to the evaporator E of the absorption refrigerator 1, the cooling water heat exchanger 4, and the pipes 11 and 12. Is sent to the heat source side heat exchanger 5 by the heat transport medium to cool the refrigerant from the compressor 6.

Thus, the heat of condensation of the compression refrigerator is released to the evaporator or cooling tower of the absorption refrigerator. In FIG. 1, the circulation pump 21 for the absorption chiller / evaporator E is used for chilled water circulation of the absorption chiller 1 which is a heat transport medium.
Instead, an individual chilled water pump may be provided for each heat source side heat exchanger 5. The heat transport medium can be bypassed to the cooling water heat exchanger 4 via a bypass valve 23. Although the cooling tower 2 is shown as being used for both the absorption chiller 1 and the compression chiller 3, they may be separate.

FIG. 2 shows that, in FIG. 1, heat transport medium pipes 11 and 12 are connected in parallel to an evaporator E of an absorption refrigerator and a cooling water heat exchanger 4, and the heat transport medium is mainly The medium condenses at the lower temperature among the absorption refrigerator 1 and the cooling tower 2 as a medium for transporting heat by latent heat. If the exhaust heat is insufficient or absent, condensation (radiation) occurs on the cooling tower 2 side. In FIG. 3, the piping for the heat transport medium has the absorption chiller system 11 and the cooling tower system 12 as separate systems, and the heat source side heat exchanger 5 of the compression chiller 3 can be selected and connected to each system. When the exhaust heat is insufficient, the load cannot be covered by the absorption chiller 1, so that the medium temperature increases. In this case, the number of units connected to the absorption refrigerator system 11 is reduced, and the number of units connected to the cooling tower system 12 is increased.
Conversely, when the medium temperature of the absorption chiller system 11 falls below the set value, the number of units connected to the absorption chiller system 11 is increased and the number of units connected to the cooling tower system 12 is decreased.

FIG. 4 shows a heat source side heat exchanger 5 of a compression refrigerator.
Is a refrigeration system comprising an evaporator E of an absorption refrigerator and a cooling water heat exchanger 4 and shows a case exclusively for cooling. Refrigerant vapor flowing out of a compressor 6 of a compression refrigerator is directly supplied from a pipe 15 to a heat source. It is introduced into the cooling water heat exchanger from the evaporator E or the pipe 16 of the absorption refrigerator as the side heat exchanger, cooled, condensed, liquefied, and gasified by the use side heat exchanger 7 through the pressure reducing mechanism 8. Release cold. FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which a plurality of compressors 6 are provided in one compression refrigerator 3 in FIG.
In FIG. 4, a plurality of compression refrigerators 3 are connected to refrigerant pipes 15 and 16 connected to one absorption refrigerator and a cooling tower.

FIG. 7 is a partial configuration diagram in which a check valve 9 is provided in parallel with the compressor 6 of the compression refrigerator. When the temperature of the evaporator E or the cooling tower 2 is low, the refrigerant vapor from the indoor unit may be directly condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 5 without operating the compressor 6. When the use side heat exchanger (indoor unit) 7 is below the heat source side heat exchanger (outdoor unit) 5, the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the indoor unit 7 is condensed in the outdoor unit 5 located above. The condensate is taken out from the lower part of the outdoor unit 5 and guided to the indoor unit 9. The refrigerant vapor and the refrigerant liquid circulate naturally. When the position of the outdoor unit 5 is not at a high position, the refrigerant liquid condensed in the outdoor unit 5 may be sent to the indoor unit 7 by the refrigerant liquid pump 6 ′ (broken line in FIG. 7). Refrigerant pump power is several stages less than compressor power.

FIG. 8 is a partial configuration diagram when the compression refrigerator is used for heating by operating a heat pump. In FIG. 8, a four-way valve 10 is arranged in a refrigerant flow path in which a compressor is installed, and a refrigerant flows in the opposite direction. In the case of heating, the use side heat exchanger 7 is used as a condenser of the compression refrigerator, and a heat source is used. The heat exchanger 5 is operated as an evaporator, and the heat source side heat exchanger 5 is operated by operating the absorption refrigerator 1 as an absorption chiller / heater to guide hot water from the evaporator E, or To the heat source side heat exchanger 5. As described above, the heating operation of the absorption chiller / heater is used as a low heat source of the compression chiller, and the compression chiller is operated with the heat pump to perform the heating operation of the apparatus. For heating operation,
Cooling is stopped and is separated from the refrigerant circuit by a valve. In the refrigeration apparatus described above, the absorption refrigerator may have not only a single effect but also a multiple effect.

[0015]

According to the present invention, as the heat source of the compression refrigerator, it is possible to use the cold heat of both the absorption refrigerator using the exhaust heat and the cooling tower. It is possible to select which cold heat is to be used depending on the state of occurrence of water, and it is possible to operate only the absorption refrigerator according to the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling tower, thereby providing an economic refrigeration system. In addition, the compression chiller could be used for heating by operating a heat pump.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow configuration diagram showing an example of a refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow configuration diagram showing another example of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow configuration diagram showing another example of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flow configuration diagram showing another example of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flow configuration diagram showing another example of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flow configuration diagram showing another example of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial configuration diagram showing another example of the compression refrigerator used in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial configuration diagram showing another example of the compression refrigerator used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: absorption refrigerator, 2: cooling tower, 3: compression refrigerator, 4: cooling water heat exchanger, 5: heat source side heat exchanger (outdoor unit), 6: compressor, 7: utilization side heat exchanger ( Indoor unit), 8: decompression mechanism,
9: check valve, 10: four-way valve, 11, 12: heat transport medium piping, 13, 14: cooling water piping, 15, 16: refrigerant piping, 17: exhaust heat, 21: circulation pump, 22: cooling water Pump, 23: bypass valve, E: evaporator, A: absorber, G:
Regenerator, C: condenser

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An absorption refrigerator having a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber and an evaporator, wherein waste heat is used as a heat source of the regenerator, a cooling tower and cooling water heat exchange for cooling with the cooling water of the cooling tower. Vessels,
A refrigeration apparatus comprising a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, and one or more compression chillers provided with one or more utilization side heat exchangers, wherein the heat source side heat exchanger of the compression refrigeration machine has the absorption unit. A refrigeration apparatus characterized in that an evaporator and a cooling water heat exchanger of a refrigerator are pipe-connected in series or in parallel. 2. A heat source side heat exchanger of the compression refrigerator and an evaporator and a cooling water heat exchanger of the absorption refrigerator are provided with a heat transport medium for transferring water, brine, or a medium mainly performing latent heat by latent heat. Heat transported in the pipe as the pipe connected in parallel,
Based on a comparison between the heat transport medium temperature at the heat source side heat exchanger outlet and the cooling medium temperature of the cooling tower, a valve for guiding the heat transport medium to either the evaporator of the absorption refrigerator or the cooling water heat exchanger is provided. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration apparatus is provided. 3. An evaporator and a cooling water heat exchanger of the absorption chiller are connected in parallel with heat source side heat exchangers of a plurality of compression chillers via valves, respectively. 2. The refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein the number of compression chillers connected to the heat source side heat exchanger connected to the evaporator of the absorption chiller is increased or decreased based on a physical quantity related to the unit temperature. 4. An absorption refrigerator comprising a regenerator, a condenser, an absorber and an evaporator, wherein exhaust heat is used as a heat source of the regenerator, a cooling tower, and a cooling water heat exchanger for cooling with cooling water of the cooling tower. And a compression refrigerator comprising one or more compressors, a heat source side heat exchanger and one or more utilization side heat exchangers,
The heat source side heat exchanger of the compression refrigerator comprises an evaporator of an absorption refrigerator and a cooling water heat exchanger, and the refrigerant vapor at the compressor outlet is supplied to an evaporator of an absorption refrigerator which is a heat source side heat exchanger. A refrigeration apparatus comprising: a cooling water heat exchanger provided with a refrigerant pipe that is guided in parallel. 5. The compressor according to claim 1, further comprising:
The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a check valve is provided so as to flow from the compressor suction side to the discharge side. 6. The absorption refrigerator has a cooling / heating switching mechanism for taking out hot water from an evaporator, using the heating output taken out of the evaporator as a low heat source of the compression refrigerator, operating the compression refrigerator as a heat pump, and heating the refrigerator. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a switching mechanism for performing operation.