JP2002332803A - Pneumatic motor using hydrostatic radial thrust bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems in a conventional motor bearing wherein the bearing is a ball bearing or a journal bearing, lubricating oil or grease being used for avoiding metal contact in the bearing, and thus sliding resistance being high to thus cause problems at high rotational speed. SOLUTION: A hydrostatic radial thrust bearing for lifting up a rotor with air pressure is used as the bearing of the motor, and rotational resistance of the rotor is made to approach zero. Driving torque of the rotor is provided by jetting air from a nozzle, so that a pneumatic motor at super high speed can be realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rotary machine driven by air pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional electric or pneumatic motor bearings are ball bearings or journal bearings, in which lubricating oil or grease is used to avoid metal contact at the bearings. For this reason, sliding resistance is large, and there is a problem in high-speed rotation.

[0003]

A conventional journal bearing using a lubricating oil has an increased frictional resistance when rotating at an ultra-high speed because of the shear resistance caused by the oil film. In addition, the ball bearing has problems such as an increase in frictional resistance due to lubricating oil during ultra-high-speed rotation and a ball jumping out due to centrifugal force.

On the other hand, a pneumatic bearing using a porous material requires a special technique for processing the porous material, and has a problem that it cannot be used under severe conditions.

On the other hand, a hydrostatic bearing using an orifice is extremely difficult to machine the orifice because it is machined with a very small diameter drill, has a low load capacity as a bearing, and has a pneumatic hammer (self-excited). Vibration).

The present invention uses a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a) in which an orifice is formed in a divided manner to reduce the rotational resistance during rotor rotation to zero,
The purpose is to obtain an ultra-high-speed pneumatic motor by injecting air from a nozzle.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a pneumatic motor using a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a) according to the present invention has a parallel shaft hole (1). A radial grooved disk (2) and a plurality of exhaust grooved disks (3) each having a parallel shaft hole (1) are superposed on each other, and a radial grooved disk (22) having a tapered shaft hole (20). Radial thrust bearings (19 and 1) each formed by superposing several discs with exhaust grooves (23) having tapered shaft holes (20) and
9a) is attached to both ends of a cylinder (15), and a rotor (30) provided with a nozzle (35) that rotates in a shaft hole (1 and 20) of the hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a) is inserted. One output shaft (21) of the rotor (30) is connected to a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (1).
9), and the other input shaft (21a) is supported by a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19a).

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a static pressure radial
The pneumatic motor using the thrust bearings (19 and 19a) is a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (1) according to claim 1.
9 and 19a), the exhaust feed-back path for feeding back the exhaust from the hydrostatic radial thrust bearings (19 and 19a) to the input shaft (21a) side of the rotor (30). (17 or 17a) is provided.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a static pressure radial
The pneumatic motor using a thrust bearing (19 and 19a) is a pneumatic motor using a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle (35) is a tapered nozzle (35a). It is characterized by being.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the pneumatic motor using the hydrostatic radial thrust bearing according to the first or second aspect, the nozzle (35) is a divergent nozzle (35b). It is characterized by being.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention relates to a pneumatic motor for floating a rotor shaft by air pressure, reducing frictional resistance to zero, and rotating the rotor shaft at a very high speed.

The hydrostatic radial thrust bearing is configured to support a radial load by a parallel bearing portion and to support a thrust load by a tapered bearing portion.

On the other hand, in order to generate a rotational torque, air is jetted from a nozzle provided on the rotor shaft.

In general, since a hydrostatic bearing can exhibit its function only after air leaks from the bearing, the loss of energy is lost to this extent. If it is fed back to the input side and reused, an efficient pneumatic motor can be obtained.

[0015]

An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a radial grooved disk (2) having a parallel shaft hole (1) and an exhaust grooved disk (3) having a parallel shaft hole (1) are overlapped with each other. , A radial grooved disk (22) having a tapered shaft hole (20) and an exhaust grooved disk (23) having a tapered shaft hole (20).
, A plurality of hydrostatic radial thrust bearings (19 and 19a) each formed by attaching the end plate (24) to the bearing case (5) and fixing the bolts (14). Are attached to both ends of the cylinder (15), and the parallel shaft hole (1) and the taper shaft hole (2) are attached.
The rotor (30) is rotatably inserted into 0).

One of the axes of the rotor (30) (FIG. 1)
In the figure, an output shaft (21) is an output shaft (21), which protrudes outside the hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19), to which a load is attached. The other (right side in FIG. 1) of the rotor (30) is an input shaft (21a), which is rotatably supported via a hydrostatic radial thrust and a bearing (19a).

In such a configuration, the bearing air pressure supply ports (12 and 1) provided in the bearing cases (5 and 5a) are provided.
When the air pressure is supplied from 2a), the air is guided from the pressure air hole (8) to the ring-shaped pressure groove (7) provided in the disk (2 and 22) with the radial groove, and further the radial groove (6) is formed. The parallel shaft hole (1) and the taper shaft hole (2
0), passes through a narrow gap formed between the parallel shaft hole (1) and the rotor (30) rotatably inserted into the tapered shaft hole (20), and then a disk with exhaust grooves ( 3
And 23) are collected in an exhaust hole (11) through a ring-shaped exhaust groove (9) and an exhaust collecting groove (10) provided in the exhaust hole (13 and 13a), and are exhausted outside the machine. ing.

At this time, the rotor (30) floats in the bearing holes (1 and 20) by air pressure.

On the other hand, when air pressure is supplied from a rotor air pressure supply port (41) provided in the end cap (40), air is supplied to the input shaft (21a) of the rotor (30).
Is taken in from a pneumatic port (37) on the end face of the nozzle, is sent from a shaft hole (33) to a nozzle (35) through a distribution hole (34), and is discharged from the tip of the nozzle (35) to a cylinder chamber (18). Then, it is discharged out of the machine through a discharge hole (16) provided in the cylinder (15).

At this time, the rotor (3) is determined by the momentum (= mass * speed) of the air discharged from the nozzle (35).
0) obtains a rotational torque and rotates without frictional resistance. Nozzle shape is tapered nozzle (35a, see FIGS. 1 and 5 (b))
In the case of (1), the speed of the jet at the tip of the nozzle easily reaches the sonic speed. On the other hand, when the nozzle shape is a divergent nozzle (35b, see FIG. 6), the speed of the jet at the tip of the nozzle exceeds the speed of sound, so that the rotor (30 ) Further increases.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 discharges the exhaust from the hydrostatic radial thrust bearings (19 and 19a) in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to the outside through the exhaust ports (13 and 13a). The exhaust feed-back path (1
7) Via the pneumatic port (37) of the input shaft (21a)
It is configured to feed back to

The embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is another example of the exhaust feedback in the embodiment shown in FIG. That is, the exhaust ports (13 and 13a) of FIG. 1 are united outside the machine, and the input shaft (21) of the rotor (30) is combined.
An exhaust feed-back path (17a) for feeding back the air pressure port (37) at the shaft end of a) is provided.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the rotor shaft (3
1), wherein the shaft (31) comprises an output shaft (21), an input shaft (21a) and a tapered shaft (25), and the input shaft (21a) has a shaft hole (33) and a distribution hole (34). ) And a fixing screw (36) for fixing the thrust receiver with nozzle (32, see FIG. 1) to the rotor shaft (31).

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is a front view and a sectional view taken along the line AA of a thrust receiver (32a) with a tapered nozzle. The cross-sectional area of the passage of the tapered nozzle (35a) decreases smoothly in the direction of the outer circle, and a plurality of the nozzles (35a) are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference.

Here, the curve from the inner circle where the nozzle is formed to the outer circle is arbitrary, but is preferably a smooth curve. Alternatively, a part of the curve may be constituted by a straight line.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a thrust receiver (32b) with a divergent nozzle. Suehiro nozzle (35
The cross-sectional area of the passage b) is configured to decrease smoothly from the inner circle to the outer circle, and to increase in the middle.

FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show a front view of a radial grooved disk (2) having a parallel shaft hole (1) of a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a). It is BB sectional drawing.

The disk (2) is provided with a ring-shaped pressure groove (7), and is provided with a pressure air hole (8) communicating with the ring-shaped pressure groove (7). A plurality of radial grooves (5) directed toward the center of the disk (2) are formed at equal angles in a groove (16) in a region surrounded by the parallel shaft hole (1) and the parallel shaft hole (1). Further, the exhaust hole (11) and the bolt hole (14b) are configured to penetrate.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) is a front view of a radial grooved disk (22) having a tapered shaft hole (20) of a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a). It is CC sectional drawing.

The disk (22) is provided with a ring-shaped pressure groove (7), and is provided with a pressure air hole (8) communicating with the ring-shaped pressure groove (7). A plurality of radial grooves (5) toward the center of the disk (22) are formed at equal angles on the land (16) of the groove (16) surrounded by (7) and the tapered shaft hole (20). Further, the exhaust hole (11) and the bolt hole (14b) are configured to penetrate.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) is a front view of a disk (3) with an exhaust groove having a parallel shaft hole (1) of a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a). D
It is -D sectional drawing.

The disk (3) has a ring-shaped exhaust groove (9) for collecting air passing through a gap between the disk (3) and the shaft, and an exhaust collecting groove (9) for discharging exhaust to the outside. 10) and an exhaust hole (11), and a pressure air hole (8) through which compressed air passes and a bolt hole (14b) penetrate therethrough.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b)
It is a front view and EE sectional drawing of the disk (23) with an exhaust groove which has the taper shaft hole (20) of a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a).

The disk (23) has a ring-shaped exhaust groove (9) for collecting air passing through the gap between the disk (23) and the shaft, and an exhaust collecting groove (9) for discharging exhaust to the outside. 10) and an exhaust hole (11), and a pressure air hole (8) through which compressed air passes and a bolt hole (14b) penetrate therethrough.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is an end plate (24). The disk (24) is provided with the disk (2, 3, 22, and 23) on the bearing case (5 and 5a).
Is provided with a female screw (14a) for fixing the screw.

[0036]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained by the inventions of claims 1 to 4.

Since a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing is used, the rotor is suspended in the air, and the resistance to rotation of the bearing is almost zero.

On the other hand, the driving torque for rotating the rotor depends on the jet from the nozzle. In the case of a tapered nozzle, the speed of the jet from the nozzle easily becomes the speed of sound. On the other hand, in the case of a divergent nozzle, the jet speed from the nozzle exceeds the speed of sound, so that the rotation speed of the rotor can easily become very high (for example, 100,000 rotations or more per minute).

This can be used, for example, for supercharging an engine of an automobile or for driving a grindstone of an internal grinding machine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a pneumatic motor using a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pneumatic motor utilizing exhaust gas using a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pneumatic motor utilizing exhaust gas using a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing.

FIG. 4 is a rotor shaft.

FIG. 5 is a front view and a sectional view of a thrust receiver with a tapered nozzle.

FIG. 6 is a front view and a sectional view of a thrust receiver with a divergent nozzle.

FIG. 7 is a front view and a sectional view of a disk with a radial groove having a parallel shaft hole.

FIG. 8 is a front view and a sectional view of a radial grooved disk having a tapered shaft hole.

FIG. 9 is a front view and a cross-sectional view of a disc with an exhaust groove having a parallel shaft hole.

FIG. 10 is a front view and a cross-sectional view of a disk with an exhaust groove having a tapered shaft hole.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of an end plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Parallel shaft hole 2 Disk with radial groove having parallel shaft hole 3 Disk with exhaust groove having parallel shaft hole 5, 5a Bearing case 6 Radial groove 7 Ring pressure groove 8 Pressure air hole 9 Ring exhaust groove 10 Exhaust Collection groove 11 Exhaust hole 12, 12a Air pressure supply port for bearing 13, 13a Exhaust port 14 Bolt 14a Female screw for fixing 14b Bolt hole 15 Cylinder 16 Discharge hole 17, 17a Exhaust feed-back path 18 Cylinder chamber 19, 19a Static pressure radial Thrust bearing 20 Tapered shaft hole 21 Output shaft 21a Input shaft 22 Disk with radial groove having tapered shaft hole 23 Disk with exhaust groove having tapered shaft hole 24 End plate 25 Tapered shaft 30 Rotor 31 Rotor shaft 32 Thrust with nozzle Receiver 32a Thrust receiver with tapered nozzle 32b Suehiro nozzle Thrust receiving 33 shaft hole 34 distribution holes 35 nozzles 35a convergent nozzle 35b diverging nozzle 36 fixing screw 37 air inlet 40 end cap 41 Rotor for pneumatic supply port

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A radial grooved disk (2) having a parallel shaft hole (1) and an exhaust grooved disk (3) having a parallel shaft hole (1) are superposed on each other, and a tapered shaft hole is further provided. Hydrostatic radial thrust bearings (19 and 20) each formed by superposing a plurality of discs with radial grooves (22) having (20) and discs with exhaust grooves (23) having tapered shaft holes (20). 19a) is attached to both ends of the cylinder (15), and the hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19
And a rotor (30) provided with a nozzle (35) rotating in a shaft hole (1 and 20) of 19a), and one output shaft (21) of the rotor (30) is attached to a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing. The hydrostatic radial thrust bearings (19 and 19a) are configured to output to the outside of (19) and to support the other input shaft (21a) by a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19a). Using pneumatic motor. 2. The hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19).
And an exhaust feedback path (17 or 17a) for feeding the exhaust from the rotor (30) toward the input shaft (21a) of the rotor (30). Static pressure radial
Pneumatic motor using thrust bearings (19 and 19a). 3. The nozzle (35) comprises a tapered nozzle (35).
A pneumatic motor using a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a). 4. The nozzle (35) is a divergent nozzle (35).
3. A pneumatic motor using a hydrostatic radial thrust bearing (19 and 19a) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: