JP2002327809A - Differential gear type continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a differential gear type continuously variable transmission capable of continuously and variably changing a series of operation from stop to connection, capable of smoothly operating the connection, and capable of easily controlling the rotational frequency and the change gear ratio with a small-sized electric motor. SOLUTION: This differential gear type continuously variable transmission is provided with an input gear provided with an input shaft, an output gear provided with an output shaft, a differential gear device interposed between the input gear and the output gear to transmit the power, a worm gear mechanism formed of a worm wheel included in the differential gear device and a worm gear to be engaged with the worm wheel, and a control device including an electric motor for controlling the rotational brake of the differential gear device through the worm gear mechanism and an electric control device.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a differential gear type continuously variable transmission, and more particularly, to a differential gear type continuously variable transmission in which a worm gear mechanism is interposed in a differential gear.
The present invention relates to a continuously variable gear type continuously variable transmission that includes an electric motor and an electric control device, and that brakes and controls the rotation of a worm wheel via a worm.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Problems and Solutions Thereof The current automatic clutches are mainly of an electromagnetic friction electric type and a torque converter type, but the former lacks smoothness,
The latter makes it difficult to cope with high cost and high output.

Conventionally, a "peg winding device" which has existed as a differential gear continuously variable transmission is a combination of a continuously variable transmission and a differential gear to perform a series of operations from stop, forward movement, and reverse movement at a constant speed. Can correspond. However, in this case, since the planetary gear portion is controlled by the continuously variable transmission, the reaction force from the differential gear is borne by the continuously variable transmission itself. Is required (eg, Toroidal CVT of 1999/5 Mazda).

[0004] Furthermore, the old "scooter transmission"
Can control from the stop to the high-speed forward by controlling the rotation of the differential gear. However, because of the control by friction braking, it is difficult to smoothly control the number of revolutions (speed ratio), and the durability is also poor, leaving a problem.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has a differential gear incorporating a worm wheel control mechanism.
Since the self-locking action of the worm is used to control the braking direction, control by a small motor is possible. This also makes it easy to synchronize with other transmissions and to respond to half-clutches because the control is performed by an electric motor, making it easy to control the rotational speed (gear ratio). Since the force (torque) can be connected while continuously shifting the speed, the series of operations of connection and forward movement can be dealt with by continuously changing the speed.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of this application has an input gear member having an input shaft, an output gear member having an output shaft, and an input gear member. A differential gear transmission mechanism comprising a differential gear device interposed between the output gear members so as to transmit power, a worm wheel included in the differential gear device, and a worm meshed with the worm wheel. A differential gear type continuously variable transmission comprising a worm gear mechanism and a control device including an electric motor and an electric control device for controlling rotation braking of the differential gear device via the worm gear mechanism. )I will provide a.

Further, according to the invention of this application, according to the feature of the differential gear transmission mechanism according to the first aspect, the differential gear transmission mechanism comprises: an input gear member having a bevel gear having an annular end face;
An output gear member provided with an end face annular bevel gear, disposed opposite to an input gear member, and a plurality of conical gears rotatably arranged on a shaft and meshing with the two annular bevel gears, and a worm wheel on the outer periphery. And an input gear member, a differential gear device and an output gear member are coaxially arranged in parallel (Claim 2), and an input shaft and a sun gear are provided. A gear member, comprising an output shaft and a plurality of planetary gears rotatably mounted, an output gear member arranged concentrically with the input gear member, an internal tooth rotatably supported by the input shaft and meshing with the planetary gear; A differential gear device having an outer worm wheel, meshing of a sun gear of an input gear member with a plurality of planetary gears of an output gear member, a plurality of planetary gears of an output gear member, and internal teeth of the differential gear device. Bite with And meshing of the worm wheel and the worm of the differential gear unit, and a concentrically arranged to be performed in the same plane (claim 3) also provides a differential gear type continuously variable transmission.

Further, the invention of this application further includes a reduction gear means as an additional structure of the gear transmission mechanism, and the rotation of the gear to be braked by the differential gear device is reduced by the reduction gear means and then transmitted through a worm. Differential gear type continuously variable transmission for controlling braking of a worm wheel and a differential gear (Claim 4)
I will provide a.

Still further, the invention of this application also provides a differential gear type continuously variable transmission applied to a clutch in consideration of the application (claim 5). According to the invention of this application, the differential gear transmission mechanism is defined as a device including three gear means of an input gear member, an output gear member, and a differential gear device. When configured as a differential bevel gear device, the input gear member, the differential gear device and the output gear member can be arranged in parallel and coaxially with each other, and each conical gear is arranged to face each other. And mesh with the bevel gears of the input and output gear members.

In the case of a planetary gear reducer, the sun gear of the input gear member meshes with the plurality of planetary gears of the output gear member, and the plurality of planetary gears of the output gear member and the planetary gear of the differential gear device. The meshing with the internal teeth and the meshing between the worm wheel and the worm of the differential gear device are performed concentrically in the same plane.

In any case, the differential gear device (3; 13) has a worm wheel formed on its outer periphery and meshes with a worm driven by an electric motor to constitute a worm gear mechanism.

Therefore, upon driving, a large reaction force can be returned to the differential gear by utilizing the self-locking function of the worm gear to control the large output. Further, according to this, since the worm gear mechanism bears the reaction force from other gears without being directly received by the electric motor of the control means, it is possible to obtain a high output differential gear device. And a small and highly durable transmission can be realized.

Further, the differential gear device which is communicably connected via the worm gear mechanism has control means for controlling the number of revolutions. Therefore, braking control can be performed by the worm gear, and the rotational speed ratio between the output shaft and the input shaft can be changed.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The differential gear transmission mechanism (G) of the invention of this application basically has a differential gear interposed between an input gear member (1; 11), an output gear member (2; 12) and both gears. The differential gear transmission (G) is provided as a base, and a worm wheel (3b; 13b) is formed on the outer periphery of the differential gear transmission (3; 13). A worm mechanism (W) is constituted by the worm (4) meshing with the worm wheel (3b; 13b),
The worm (4) forms a differential gear type continuously variable transmission by a worm controller such as an electric motor (5).

The shift control is performed, for example, on the input shaft (1a; 11).
This is performed by controlling the number of revolutions of the differential gear unit (3; 13) via the worm mechanism (W) by the electric control device (6) in response to the number of revolutions of a) and other signals. Output shaft (2a; 12a) by gear change control
Can be shifted.

The gear scale is set to a gear scale necessary for high output in order to cope with high output, and it is also possible to reduce or increase the speed by changing the ratio of each gear as needed.
When the braking control of the differential gear transmission mechanism (G) via the worm mechanism (W) is performed by a worm controller such as an electric motor, the power transmission mechanism of the worm and the worm wheel is a differential gear device (3). 13) and a direct transmission structure between the worm wheel (3b; 13b) and the worm, and a reduction gear for temporarily reducing the rotation of the gear to be braked by the differential gear device. A transmission structure in which the worm wheel is controlled by the worm after deceleration can be employed.

Further, in the invention of this application, the neutral state is maintained by restricting the rotation of the output shaft and applying an electric load so that the electric motor for driving the worm rotates more than necessary. Can also.

In designing the worm wheel, there is a device for supporting the reaction force of the differential gear device by the support member of the worm so as not to burden the worm drive side. Of course, a gear having a gear ratio that can utilize the self-locking characteristic is selected.

Driving and control by the worm wheel are not limited to those which are directly performed on the differential gear device (3; 13), but may be performed via other gears. According to the present invention, energy can be transmitted to the output shaft by controlling the rotation speed of the differential gear device in accordance with the rotation speed of the input shaft.
The operation of (3) is possible.

(1) Neutral operation In order to stop the rotation of the output shaft, in the above-described differential gear type continuously variable transmission, the direction in which the rotation of the differential gear device having the worm wheel is accelerated by the worm controller. Then, the rotation of the worm may be controlled to release the braking of the differential gear device.

A) A rotational load is applied to the worm so that the differential gear rotates at a rotational speed higher than the rotational speed required for neutral. Thereby, the differential gearing is accelerated. b) When the output shaft is restrained by a force equal to or more than the rotational load applied to the differential gear device, the rotation can be stopped.

C) Even if the number of revolutions of the input shaft is increased, the rotational load on the differential gear device is increased accordingly.
The neutral state can be maintained. For example, in the case of an air blow, etc., the worm may be accelerated according to the accelerator opening.

With the above-described devices a) and b), it is possible to cope with a variation in the number of revolutions of the input shaft, and it is possible to easily perform stable stop control. Furthermore, when changing the traveling speed change gear, when energy transmission is not required, for example, when it is rotating but it is desired to release the energy transmission of the input / output shaft, it is possible to respond by temporarily accelerating the worm. .

(2) Speed change operation In order to change the speed, the differential gear device may be braked by a worm. This braking is performed by controlling the worm to reduce the rotation of the worm by a worm controller. At this time, the differential gear device is braked with a large force by a reaction force from a worm support (not shown). You.

Here, when the worm controller controls the rotation ratio of the differential gear device to decrease, the transmission gear ratio increases. As a result, the output shaft starts to rotate, so that it is possible to shift up. This state can be said to correspond to a half-clutch state in an automobile or the like. In other words, it can be said that the half clutch can be dealt with by relatively reducing the rotation speed of the worm.

In this case, by utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the worm, rotation can be transmitted to the output shaft by a reaction force received from the worm support to the output shaft. When the worm is rotating at a constant rotation speed, the clutch can be brought into a half-clutch state by increasing the rotation speed of the input shaft.

(3) Connection The rotational connection between the input shaft and the output shaft is controlled by the control for stopping the worm. When the rotation of the differential gear is stopped, the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft. Thus, the connection is
This can be dealt with by stopping the rotating worm. . In this case, since the self-locking characteristic of the worm wheel is used to stop the rotation of the differential gear device, a large braking force can be obtained even with a small electric motor or the like, and control becomes easy.

The invention of this application has been described as adopting a structure in which the differential gear device is driven and controlled using a worm mechanism, and the worm wheel of the differential gear device is directly meshed with the worm. As shown in FIG. 4, it is also possible to control the rotation of the differential gear by a worm wheel once after reducing the rotation by a reduction gear (14) or the like.

As a control method based on the worm control by the electric motor, the relationship between the stop of the motor and the braking is reversed.
It is also possible to "brake by stopping the electric motor" and "cancel braking by rotating the electric motor excessively".

The differential gear type transmission equipped with the worm mechanism according to the invention of this application can be combined with another transmission to be applied as an automatic clutch device for an automobile. Hereinafter, the invention of this application will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0031]

(Embodiment 1) An example in which a worm wheel is combined with a so-called "differential bevel gear device" used for a differential device of an automobile will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, a disk-shaped input gear member (1) includes an input shaft (1a) and an annular bevel gear (1b).
Is provided on the end face, and the disk-shaped output gear member (2) is provided with an output shaft (2a) and an annular bevel gear (2b) on the end face. Here, the input shaft (1a) is connected to the engine. A differential gear device (3) is arranged between the input gear member (1) and the output gear member (2), and the differential gear device (3) includes a plurality of conical gears arranged via a shaft (3c). (3a)
And a differential gear transmission mechanism (G) is constituted by the input gear member (1), the output gear member (2), and the differential gear device (3). Further, the differential gear device (3) includes a worm wheel (3b) on the outer periphery thereof, and the differential gear device (3)
A worm gear mechanism (W) is formed by meshing with a worm (4) arranged outside the worm gear. Here, the differential including the differential gear transmission mechanism (G) and the worm gear mechanism (W) is:
Although not shown, it is housed in a case, as is generally done.

As to the arrangement of the plurality of conical gears (3a) for the differential gear device (3), it is general that three or more conical gears are usually provided, but the case of two may be used.
The differential device includes a control device (C) including an electric motor (5) and an electric control device (6).
Is controlled by an electric control device (6) in response to a signal such as an engine speed from an input shaft (1a), and controls braking of a differential gear device (3) via a worm (4).

As the control signal for controlling the electric control device (6), necessary signals such as a signal such as an engine speed from the input shaft (1), an output shaft speed, a vehicle speed and an accelerator opening are appropriately selected. You.

According to this embodiment, the differential gear device (3) including the worm wheel and the support of the worm mechanism (W) including the worm (4) are structured to bear.
Since a high reaction force can be obtained, the reaction force from the input shaft (1a) can be efficiently transmitted to the output shaft (2a) without being directly received by the electric motor (5). The electric control device (6) is controlled by information such as the input shaft (1a) rotation speed (engine), the output shaft (2a) rotation speed (vehicle speed), the amount of accelerator depression, and the like. The rotation speed is also controlled using information such as the vehicle speed, the rotation speed of the input shaft (1), the accelerator, and the like as control factors.

As described above, since the electric motor (5) can be controlled by electronic control or the like of the electric control device (6) or the like, the variation in the number of revolutions can be reduced to achieve a stable operation. Control is also possible at times.

In the case of a speed change operation, it is necessary to synchronize the rotation speed of the electric motor (5) according to the rotation speed of the input shaft (1a). This can be achieved by a simple operation of merely stopping the electric motor.

In the case of application to an automobile, the driving source of the electric motor (5) can be easily obtained from the battery.
The electric motor can be driven using the battery power supply.

In the neutral state, the output shaft (2
When a) is stopped, the number of revolutions of the electric motor (5) becomes large, and it is necessary to provide a charging mechanism corresponding to this. The rotation load method at the time of neutral is also easy because the electric motor is used. (Embodiment 2) This is an example in which an apparatus generally called a planetary gear type transmission or a capstan gear is combined with a worm wheel.

As shown in FIG. 2, the differential gear transmission mechanism (G) of the differential gear type transmission includes an input gear member (11) having a sun gear (11b) and a planetary gear (12b). It comprises an output gear member (12) and a differential gear device (13) having internal teeth (13a).

The input gear member (11) includes an input shaft (11a).
And a sun gear (11b), while the output gear member (1
2) includes an output shaft (12a) and a plurality of planetary gears (12b). Each planetary gear (12b) is an output gear member (12)
And rotatably attached to the sun gear (11b). The differential gear device (13) is rotatably disposed on the input shaft (11a), and has internal teeth (1) inside the cylindrical portion.
3a) has a worm wheel (13b) formed on the outer side, the internal teeth (13a) mesh with the planetary gear (12b), and the worm wheel (13b) has a worm (4).
Meshes with

In the above assembly structure, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotatable planetary gear (12b) meshing with the sun gear (11b) is connected to the internal teeth (13a) of the differential gear device (13). Mesh. In this case, the sun gear (11
b), the planetary gear (12b), the internal teeth (13a), and the worm wheel (13b) are arranged concentrically in this order, and mesh with each other in the same plane.

The control means for driving and controlling the worm wheel (13b) formed on the outermost periphery of the differential gear device (13) and the worm (4) through a worm mechanism constituting the meshing operation is the same as that of the first embodiment. As in the case, an electric motor (5) and an electric control device (6) are provided. (7a),
(7b) is a sensor.

As to the setting of the reduction ratio of the apparatus, in the first embodiment, the reduction ratio between the input and output when the worm is stopped and the rotation is connected is set to, for example, 1. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the reduction ratio between input and output is determined by the planetary gear.

As in the case of the first embodiment, the electric motor (5) is controlled to stop, and the worm wheel (4) is shifted.
, It is possible to apply rotation to the differential gear (13) at a ratio corresponding to the number of rotations of the input gear. In order to obtain the connection state, the rotation of the electric motor (5) may be controlled and the differential gear (13) may be stopped. When the differential gear (13) stops, the transmission gear ratio is maximized, and the connection state is established.

[0046]

As described above, according to the invention of this application, in the differential gear device, the differential gear device having the worm wheel is disposed between the input gear member and the output gear member. In addition, with this arrangement, the worm gear mechanism is arranged substantially at the center, and the rotation axis of the differential gear device and the rotation axis of the worm gear can be arranged in an intersecting manner. Therefore, compact assembly becomes possible.

As described above, according to the invention of this application, a small and lightweight differential gear type transmission can be obtained, and thus a transmission effective for saving space can be obtained. Further, in the power transmission mechanism, the reaction force from the differential gear device is supported by the worm support, and the burden on the worm drive side can be reduced, so that the durability can be improved.

The differential gear type transmission equipped with the worm mechanism according to the invention of this application is used as a substitute for a torque converter.
By separately combining with another transmission, for example, a planetary gear, it can be applied as an automatic clutch device of an automobile. In this application, the torque converter is smaller, lighter and has a higher output than a conventional torque converter. In particular, since it is configured to be controlled by an electric motor, it can easily cope with shifting and running conditions.

Since the electric motor can be electronically controlled by an electric control device or the like, the variation in the number of revolutions can be reduced to achieve a stable operation, and the control can be performed even when the motor is stopped. By improving the output, it can be applied not only to large buses and trucks, but also to ships and trains, and can be applied to rotation control of large facilities such as hydroelectric generators and rolling mills.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a differential gear type transmission in which a worm mechanism drive provided with the differential gear device of the present invention is applied to a differential bevel gear device. It is a figure which shows the dynamic gear device by the cross section along a part (b) BB, and (b) is a top view of a differential gear device.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a second embodiment of a differential gear type transmission driven by a worm mechanism provided with the differential gear device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a differential gear type transmission according to a second embodiment;
It is sectional drawing along B.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example in which a reduction gear is interposed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 input gear member 1a input shaft 1b bevel gear 2 output gear member 2a output shaft 2b bevel gear 3 differential gear device 3a conical gear 3b worm wheel 3c shaft 4 worm 5 electric motor 6 electric control device 7 sensor G differential gear transmission Mechanism W Worm gear mechanism C Control device 11 Input gear member 11a Input shaft 11b Sun gear 12 Output gear member 12a Output shaft 12b Planetary gear 13 Differential gear device 13a Internal teeth 13b Worm wheel 14 Reduction gear

Claims (5)

[Claims] An input gear member having an input shaft, an output gear member having an output shaft, and a differential gear device interposed between the input gear member and the output gear member so as to transmit power. A dynamic gear transmission mechanism, a worm gear mechanism including a worm wheel included in the differential gear device and a worm meshed with the worm wheel, and controlling rotation braking of the differential gear device via the worm gear mechanism. Gear-type continuously variable transmission comprising an electric motor for performing the operation and a control device including an electric control device. 2. The differential gear transmission mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the differential gear transmission mechanism includes an input gear member having an annular bevel gear at an end face, and an output gear including an annular bevel gear at an annular end face and arranged to face the input gear member. An input gear member, a differential gear including a plurality of conical gears rotatably disposed on a shaft and meshing with the two annular bevel gears, and a worm wheel on the outer periphery. A differential gear type continuously variable transmission, wherein a device and an output gear member are coaxially arranged in parallel. 3. The input gear member according to claim 1, wherein the differential gear transmission mechanism includes an input gear member having an input shaft and a sun gear, and an output shaft and a plurality of planetary gears rotatably mounted. , And a differential gear device rotatably supported on the input shaft and having internal teeth and an outer peripheral worm wheel meshing with the planetary gears, the sun gear of the input gear member and the output gear member. Meshing with the plurality of planetary gears, the meshing of the plurality of planetary gears of the output gear member with the internal teeth of the differential gear device, and the meshing of the worm wheel and the worm of the differential gear device are concentric within the same plane. A differential gear-type continuously variable transmission characterized by the following arrangement. 4. The differential gear device according to claim 1, further comprising a reduction gear unit in the transmission system of the differential gear unit, wherein the rotation of the gear to be braked by the differential gear unit is reduced by the reduction gear unit. A differential gear type continuously variable transmission characterized by controlling braking of a differential gear device via a worm. 5. The differential gear type continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein the differential gear type continuously variable transmission is applied to a clutch.