JP2002325399A - Commutator motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve quality and to simplify manufacturing processes. SOLUTION: A motor 21 comprises a commutator 30, brushes 38 and brush holders 37; the commutator 30 is rotatingly driven on a rotating shaft 26; the brush 38 makes elastic and slidable contact with the commutator 30 from the outside in the radial direction and has protrusions 42, 43 at preset positions in the radial direction; the brush holder 37 has stages 46, 47, which are formed closer to the commutator 30 than to the protrusions 42, 43 in the radial direction for mutual engagement with the protrusions 42, 43, respectively, and holds the brush 38 slidably in the radial direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a commutator motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a commutator motor (hereinafter referred to as a motor) 1 of a first conventional art in the initial state in the vicinity of a commutator 3 and FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view near the commutator 3 and FIG. 10 is a simplified perspective view near the brush 11 of the motor 1.
1 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a brush 11 and the like. Hereinafter, the configuration of the motor 1 will be described with reference to the drawings. A commutator 3 is provided on a rotating shaft 2 of the motor 1 of the conventional example. On the other hand, a brush holder case 4 made of an electrically insulating material is fixed to a casing of the motor 1 (not shown). The brush holder case 4 has a mounting portion 5 attached to the casing, and a hollow holding portion 6 extending radially inward from the mounting portion 5, and a partition portion 7 is formed inside the holding portion 6. I have. A terminal 8 is provided on the partition 7, and a brush cap 9 made of an electrically insulating material is screwed into the attachment 5.

A hollow brush holder 10 made of a conductive material such as a metal is provided in the holding section 6 and a carbon brush (hereinafter referred to as a brush) 11 is provided therein.
Are slidably held along the radial direction of A terminal 12 is formed at a radially outer end of the brush 11, and is electrically connected to the terminal 8 via a conductive wire 13 that can be bent and expanded. A spring 14 is provided between the partition 7 and the brush 11 inside the brush holder 10 to bias the brush 11 toward the commutator 3. This allows the brush 11 to rotate with the rotation of the motor 1.
Even if the end on the commutator 3 side gradually wears, the electrical contact between the brush 11 and the commutator 3 can always be continued.

In the vicinity of the partition 7, a metal is provided between the brush holder 10 and the spring 14, and is electrically connected to the brush holder 10 by being in close contact with the brush holder 10. Conductive member 16 is disposed. The vicinity of the terminal 8 of the conductive member 16 is the front conductor 1
3 is electrically connected. A lead wire 17 is connected to the brush holder 10. Thus, the brush holder 10, the conductive member 16, and the conductor 1
An external drive current is supplied to the brush 11 via the switch 3.

[0005] In the prior art motor 1, as shown in FIGS.
May be connected to the end of the brush 11 opposite to the commutator 11 or may be connected to the end of the rotating shaft 2 in the axial direction. As shown in FIG.
When the brush 3 is connected to the axial end of the rotating shaft 2 of the brush 11, the brush holder case 4a and the brush holder 10a have the axial line of the rotating shaft 2 as shown in FIG. A notch 15 is formed on the direction side.

However, according to the prior art, the brush 11
Until the brushes 11 are completely worn, the springs 14
To the commutator 3. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, even when the brush 11 is completely worn, the motor 11 continues to rotate because the terminal 12 and the conductive wire 13 realize electrical conduction while contacting the commutator 3. The friction between the terminal 12 and the conductor 13 and the commutator 3 causes problems such as damage to the commutator 3 and burning out due to frictional heat.

Further, according to the prior art, the commutator 3 of the brush holder case 4 and the brush holder 10 is used.
The side end portion has an open configuration, and in the assembly process of mounting the brush 11 on the brush holder case 4, the brush 11 comes off from the brush holder case 4, making the operation complicated and damaging the brush 11. The problem of lowering the quality occurs.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the commutator motor (hereinafter referred to as motor) 1a of the second prior art near the commutator 3 in an initial state. FIG. 13 shows the motor 1a when the brush 11 is worn.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the commutator 3. The motor 1a will be described with reference to the drawings. This prior art is similar to the first prior art, and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. The difference between the present prior art and the first prior art is as follows.
The brush holder 10a has a relatively simple configuration, and does not use the conductive wire 13 in the first prior art.
4 is that drive power is supplied to the commutator 3.

Even in such a conventional technique, when the brush 11 is completely worn, the spring 14 comes into direct contact with the commutator 3, and it is apparent that the above-mentioned problem occurs.

[0010]

As described above, any of the prior arts has the disadvantage that the commutator 3 is damaged due to the wear of the brush 11 and the quality is low. The trouble that the quality is deteriorated occurs in that the brush 11 is damaged and the brush 11 may be damaged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a commutator motor whose quality is remarkably improved and whose manufacturing process can be simplified.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a commutator motor according to the present invention, wherein a commutator that is driven to rotate about a rotation axis is resiliently slidably contacted with the commutator from outside in a radial direction and extends along a radial direction. A brush member having a first locking portion formed at a predetermined site, and a brush member configured to be mutually engageable with the first locking portion, and formed on the commutator side along the radial direction with respect to the first locking portion. And a brush holding member for holding the brush member slidably in the radial direction.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting the radial direction, and the brush holding member is An opening formed on the side opposite to the commutator, a guide ridge connected to the opening and extending toward the commutator and guiding the protrusion, and the second locking portion is a commutator of the guide ridge. This is a case where it is configured as a stepped portion that engages with the protrusion near the side end.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting the radial direction, and the brush holding member is An opening formed on the commutator side,
A guide notch extending to the side opposite to the commutator following the opening and guiding the protrusion, and the second locking portion is formed near the end of the guide notch on the commutator side and engages with the protrusion. This is a case where the movable portion is configured to be displaceable between a closed state and a released state where the engagement state with the projection is released.

[0015]

The brush member is slidably held in the radial direction by the brush holding member. At this time, in the initial state where the brush member is not worn by friction with the commutator,
The first locking portion of the brush member is spaced apart from the second locking portion of the brush holding member. When the brush member is worn with use, the brush member is resiliently slidably contacting the commutator, so that the first locking portion and the second locking portion gradually approach. When the brush member is worn by a predetermined amount, the first locking portion and the second locking portion engage with each other, and the displacement of the brush member toward the commutator is prevented.

As a result, it is possible to prevent a situation in which all of the brush members are worn and other members related to the brush members are damaged by contact with the commutator, and the quality of the commutator motor of the present invention is remarkably improved. Can be.

Further, the second holding portion of the brush holding member is located closer to the commutator along the radial direction than the first locking portion of the brush member.
Since the locking portion is formed, when manufacturing the commutator motor, when attaching the brush member to the brush holding member,
This prevents the mounted brush member from falling off to the commutator side. This eliminates the necessity of performing an assembling operation while preventing the above-mentioned dropping, and simplifies the manufacturing process. Further, since the brush member is prevented from falling off, damage to the brush member which is supposed to occur when the brush member comes off is prevented, and in this respect, the quality of the commutator motor can be remarkably improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting the radial direction, and the brush holding member is An opening formed on the side opposite to the commutator, a guide ridge connected to the opening and extending toward the commutator and guiding the protrusion, and the second locking portion is a commutator of the guide ridge. This is a case where it is configured as a stepped portion that engages with the protrusion near the side end.

It is apparent that the same operation as described above can be realized by such projections and steps, and the present invention can also achieve the same operation and effect as described above.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting the radial direction, and the brush holding member is An opening formed on the commutator side, a guide notch extending from the opening to the opposite side to the commutator and guiding the protrusion, and the second locking portion includes
The guide notch is formed near the end of the commutator and is configured as a movable part that can be displaced between a closed state in which the projection is engaged and an open state in which the engagement with the projection is released. is there.

It is apparent that the same operation as the above-mentioned operation can be realized by such projections and movable portions, and the same operation and effect as those described above can be realized in the present invention.

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a commutator motor (hereinafter, motor) 21 according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a left side view of the motor 21 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a right side of the motor 21 of FIG. FIG. 4 shows the motor 21.
5 is a simplified perspective view of the vicinity of the carbon brush 38, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the brush boulder 37.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the motor 21 will be described with reference to FIG.

As an example of the motor 21, a stator 24 having a permanent magnet 23 and a rotor 25 are arranged in a frame 22 made of a magnetic material such as an iron plate. The rotating shaft 26 fixed to the rotor 25 is rotatably supported by bearings 27 and 28 provided inside the frame 22.

Hereinafter, FIG. 2 to FIG. 6 will also be referred to.

A commutator 30 is provided on the rotating shaft 26 of the motor 21 according to the present embodiment. On the other hand, a brush holder case 31 made of an electrically insulating material and included in a brush holding member is fixed to the frame 22 of the motor 21. The brush holder case 31 has an attachment portion 32 attached to the frame 22 and a hollow holding portion 33 extending radially inward from the attachment portion 32, and a partition portion 34 is formed inside the holding portion 33. I have. Terminal 3
5 is provided, and a brush cap 36 made of an electrically insulating material is screwed into the mounting portion 32.

Inside the brush holder case 31, a hollow brush holder 3 made of a conductive material such as metal and provided in the holding portion 33 and contained in the brush holding member is provided.
A carbon brush (hereinafter, brush) 38 as a brush member is slidably held in the brush holder 37 along the radial direction of the commutator 30.
A terminal 39 is formed at a radially outer end of the brush 38, and is electrically connected to the terminal 35 via a conductive wire 40 that can be bent and expanded. In the motor 21 of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS.
The conductive wire 40 may be connected to the end of the brush 38 opposite to the commutator 30, or may be connected to the axial end of the rotating shaft 26.

A spring 4 is provided inside the brush holder 37.
1 is provided between the partition part 34 and the brush 38,
The brush 38 is biased toward the commutator 30 by a spring.
Thus, even if the end of the brush 38 on the commutator 30 side gradually wears with the rotation of the motor 21, the electrical contact between the brush 38 and the commutator 30 can always be continued.

In the vicinity of the partition portion 34, a metal is provided between the brush holder 37 and the spring 41, and is electrically connected to the brush holder 37 by being in close contact with the brush holder 37. Conductive member 55 is disposed. The vicinity of the terminal 35 of the conductive member 55 is electrically connected to the front conducting wire 40. A lead wire 56 is connected to the brush holder 37. In this manner, the brush holder 37 and the conductive member 55
An external drive current is supplied to the brush 38 via the conductive wire 40.

As shown in FIG. 5, the brush 38 is provided with projections 42 and 43 as first locking portions on both sides in a direction intersecting the radial direction of the rotating shaft 26, respectively. As shown in FIG. 6, the brush holder 37 has a shape corresponding to the protrusions 42 and 43, and the protrusions 42 and 43 are internally provided in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 26 (up and down in FIGS. 4 and 6). Guide ridge 4 that is slidable along
4 and 45 are formed. At each end of the guide protrusions 44 and 45 on the commutator 30 side, a stepped portion 4 serving as a second locking portion is provided.
6, 47 are formed respectively. As shown in FIG. 6, an opening 48 is formed on the brush holder 37 on the side opposite to the commutator 30.

In order to manufacture such a motor 21, a conductive member 55 is connected to the brush holder 37 shown in FIG. 6 from the opening 48 of the brush holder 37 opposite to the commutator 30 through a conducting wire 40 as shown in FIG. Insert the brush 38 connected to. At this time, when the brush 38 is inserted to a predetermined extent, the protrusions 42 and 43 of the brush 38 engage with the step portions 46 and 47 of the brush holder case 31, and the brush 38 can be displaced toward the commutator 30 from the engagement position. Will be blocked.

In such a motor 21, the brush 3
In an initial state in which the brush 8 is not worn by friction with the commutator 30, the protrusions 42 and 43 of the brush 38
The step portions 46 and 47 are spaced apart from each other in the radial direction. When the brush 38 is worn with the use of the motor 21, the brush 38 is spring-biased toward the commutator 30, so that the protrusions 42, 43 and the steps 46, 47 are provided.
Gradually approaches. When the brush 30 is worn by a predetermined amount, the protrusions 42 and 43 and the steps 46 and 47 are engaged with each other, and the displacement of the brush 38 toward the commutator 30 is prevented.

Accordingly, as described in the section of the prior art, all of the brushes 38 are worn, and the other members related to the brush 38, such as the terminal 39, the conductive wire 40 or the spring 41, come into contact with the commutator 30. Therefore, the situation where the commutator 30 is damaged is prevented, and the operation quality of the motor 21 can be remarkably improved.

Further, since the step portions 46 and 47 of the brush holder 37 are formed closer to the commutator 30 in the radial direction than the protrusions 42 and 43 of the brush 38, the brush holder Brush 3 on 37
When the brush 8 is mounted, the mounted brush 38 is prevented from dropping to the commutator 30 side. This eliminates the necessity of performing an assembling operation while preventing the above-mentioned dropping, and simplifies the manufacturing process. Further, since the brush 38 is prevented from falling off, damage to the brush 38 which is supposed to occur when the brush 38 comes off is prevented, and in this respect, the quality of the motor 21 can be remarkably improved.

A modified example shown in FIG. 7 may be used in place of the brush holder 37 and the brush 38 in the above embodiment. FIG. 7 is a simplified perspective view of the brush holder 37 and the brush 38 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment. Except for the brush holder 37 and the brush 38, it has the same configuration as the motor 21 of the first embodiment.

The features of this embodiment are as follows. A protrusion 4 is provided on one surface of the brush 38 that intersects the radial direction of the rotation shaft 26.
2 are formed. An opening 50 is formed in the brush holder 37 on the side of the commutator 30, and a guide notch 51 that is connected to the opening 50 and extends on the side opposite to the commutator 30.
Are formed. In the vicinity of the end of the guide notch 51 on the commutator 30 side, for example, the movable part 5 which is formed in a rectangular, elliptical, or other shape and is a part of the brush holder 37.
2 are provided.

When the motor 21 is manufactured, the movable portion 52 is bent as shown in FIG. 7 (2) from the initial closed state of FIG. 7 (3) to open the guide notch 51. The brush 38 is inserted from below the brush holder 37 in FIG. 7, and the protrusion 42 slides and moves inside the guide notch 51. When the brush 38 is stored in the brush holder 37, the movable part 52 is returned to the initial state shown in FIG. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 7 (3), the movable portion 52
A function as a second engagement portion that engages with the protrusion 42 that is the first engagement portion is realized.

Therefore, it is apparent that the same operation and effect as described in the first embodiment can be realized in such an embodiment.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes a wide variety of modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0040]

As described above, in the commutator motor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the brush member is slidably held in the radial direction by the brush holding member. At this time, in an initial state in which the brush member is not worn by friction with the commutator, the first locking portion of the brush member is spaced apart from the second locking portion of the brush holding member. When the brush member is worn with use, the brush member is resiliently slidably contacting the commutator, so that the first locking portion and the second locking portion gradually approach. When the brush member is worn by a predetermined amount, the first locking portion and the second locking portion engage with each other, and the displacement of the brush member toward the commutator is prevented.

Thus, the situation in which all of the brush members are worn out and other members related to the brush members come into contact with the commutator and are damaged is prevented, and the quality of the commutator motor of the present invention is remarkably improved. Can be.

Further, the second holding portion of the brush holding member is arranged closer to the commutator in the radial direction than the first locking portion of the brush member.
Since the locking portion is formed, when manufacturing the commutator motor, when attaching the brush member to the brush holding member,
This prevents the mounted brush member from falling off to the commutator side. This eliminates the necessity of performing an assembling operation while preventing the above-mentioned dropping, and simplifies the manufacturing process. Further, since the brush member is prevented from falling off, damage to the brush member which is supposed to occur when the brush member comes off is prevented, and in this respect, the quality of the commutator motor can be remarkably improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting the radial direction, and the brush holding member is An opening formed on the side opposite to the commutator, a guide ridge connected to the opening and extending toward the commutator and guiding the protrusion, and the second locking portion is a commutator of the guide ridge. This is a case where it is configured as a stepped portion that engages with the protrusion near the side end.

It is apparent that the same operation as the above-mentioned operation can be realized by such projections and step portions, and the same operation and effect can be realized in the present invention.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting the radial direction, and the brush holding member is An opening formed on the commutator side, a guide notch extending from the opening to the opposite side to the commutator and guiding the protrusion, and the second locking portion includes
The guide notch is formed near the end of the commutator and is configured as a movable part that can be displaced between a closed state in which the projection is engaged and an open state in which the engagement with the projection is released. is there.

It is apparent that the same operation as described above can be realized by such a projection and a movable portion, and the same operation and effect can be realized in the present invention.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a motor 21 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the motor 21 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the motor 21 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the vicinity of a commutator 30 in an initial state of the motor 21.

FIG. 5 is a simplified perspective view of the vicinity of a carbon brush 38.

6 is a perspective view of the brush boulder 37. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a simplified perspective view of the vicinity of a brush holder 37 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing the vicinity of a commutator 3 in an initial state of the motor 1 according to the first prior art.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the vicinity of the commutator 3 of the motor 1 when the brush is worn.

FIG. 10 is a simplified perspective view of the vicinity of a brush 11 of the motor 1;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a brush 11 and the like.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing the vicinity of a commutator 3 in an initial state of a motor 1a according to a second conventional technique.

FIG. 13 shows the commutator 3 of the motor 1a when the brush is worn.
It is sectional drawing of a vicinity.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Motor 25 Rotor 26 Rotating shaft 30 Commutator 31 Brush holder case 32 Attachment part 33 Holding part 34 Partition part 35, 39 Terminal 36 Brush cap 37 Brush holder 38 Carbon brush 40 Conductor 41 Spring 42, 43 Projection 44, 45 Guide projection Strips 46, 47 Stepped portion 48 Opening 50 Opening 51 Guide notch 52 Movable portion 55 Conducting member 56 Lead wire

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A commutator that is driven to rotate around a rotation axis, and a resiliently slidably contacts the commutator from the outside in a radial direction, and a first locking portion is formed at a predetermined portion along the radial direction. A brush member, and a second locking portion configured to be mutually engageable with the first locking portion and formed on the commutator side along the radial direction with respect to the first locking portion; A brush holding member that slidably holds the brush member along the radial direction. 2. The brush according to claim 1, wherein the first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting with the radial direction, wherein the brush holding member has an opening formed on a side opposite to the commutator; A guide protrusion extending to the commutator side following the opening and guiding the protrusion, and wherein the second locking portion is provided near the end of the guide protrusion near the commutator. The commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein the commutator motor is configured as a stepped portion that engages with the motor. 3. The first locking portion includes a protrusion protruding in a direction intersecting the radial direction. The brush holding member includes an opening formed on the commutator side and the opening. A guide notch extending to the opposite side of the commutator following the portion, and guiding the protrusion, and the second locking portion is formed near an end of the guide notch on the commutator side, 2. The commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein the commutator motor is configured to be movable between a closed state in which the projection is engaged and an open state in which the engagement with the projection is released. .