JP2002307319A - Turning tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce plastic deformation of a hexagonal hole while ensuring the strength by reducing a drive angle to improve drive efficiency. SOLUTION: This turning tool has six corner parts 2 having a round chamfered shape and six side faces 3 formed between each corner part 2 and is formed so as to be inserted into the hexagonal hole Ba. The side faces 3 every one side face among the six side faces 3 are formed into substantially flat faces, the other side faces 3 are formed into recessed and projecting faces having a crest face 3a in an intermediate part between the corner parts 2 and a trough face 3b between the crest face 3a and both corner parts 2, and a vertex of the crest face 3a is positioned on a side line H which becomes a common tangential line of the corner parts 2? or on a tool center P side more than the side line.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hexagonal wrench used for a hexagon socket head bolt and a hexagonal column-shaped rotary tool used as a bit mounted on a hexagonal hole for mounting a bit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a hexagon wrench used for a bolt having a hexagonal hole, in the prior art, firstly, JIS-B
4648 (FIG. 7) includes a hexagon wrench (hereinafter referred to as a wrench). The wrench A1 is generally formed to have a higher hardness than the bolt B, and has a regular hexagonal column for the portion to be inserted into the hexagon hole Ba of the bolt B. The wrench A1 is formed between six corners 2 and between the corners. And the six corners 2 are rounded, the six side faces 3 are formed as flat surfaces, and are engaged with the hexagonal holes Ba of the bolts B with a loose fit. Is done.

[0003] The wrench A1 has a relatively sharp shape at the corners 2 and the six side surfaces 3 are flat surfaces.
When a torque is applied to the wrench A1 by engaging with the hexagonal hole Ba of the bolt B, the wrench A1 comes into line contact with the wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba and causes stress concentration near the corner 2. Further, when a rotational torque is applied to the wrench A1, the hexagonal hole Ba side comes into surface contact due to elastic deformation. However, since a large force escapes in the radial direction, the bolt B side deforms when a certain torque is exceeded. In some cases, the hexagonal hole Ba is plastically deformed, and the relationship of surface contact may be broken.

[0004] Between the driver bit and the screw recess, there is a drive angle that helps determine the direction and magnitude of the force transmission. In FIG. 7, when one side surface of the wrench A1 contacts one surface of the screw recess of the bolt B to transmit torque, the tool center P is applied to the force point S1 contacted in a state of being twisted by a gap between the two. An acting force (tangential force) F1 perpendicular to the passing radiation and an acting force (radiation force) G1 perpendicular to the surface of the wrench A1 are generated. The acting force F1 substantially turns the bolt B, and the acting force G1 is a hexagonal hole Ba.
Is a force to plastically deform. The included angle between the vectors of the two acting forces F1 and G1 is the drive angle K1.

Accordingly, the smaller the drive angle K1, the lower the radial stress (radiant force) G, which is the stress spreading outward from the center of the recess, and the lower the radial stress, the longer the tool life, It is known that the screw head can be made thinner. FIG. 7A shows a theoretically fitted state of the wrench A1 and the hexagonal hole Ba, and there is actually backlash. When the two are fitted and the wrench A1 is turned to apply an acting force to the power point S1 (at the time of initial rotation in FIG. 7B), the drive angle K1 is around 63 degrees.

When the wrench A1 is further rotated to rotate the bolt B while causing a slip (substantially rotating in FIG. 7c), the engaged power point S2 is slightly shifted from the power point S1 in the rotation direction. Although it moves, the drive angle K2 is substantially the same as the drive angle K1 63
Degree, and each side surface 3 comes into surface contact with the hexagonal hole Ba by elastic deformation and plastic deformation. However, since it is a flat surface, the directionality of both acting forces F2 and G2 hardly changes. The drive angle K2 does not become small and the drive efficiency is low. Therefore, there is a technique in which the driving angle of the wrench is reduced in accordance with the elastic deformation of the hexagonal hole Ba so that the driving efficiency can be increased.

A wrench A2 of the second prior art shown in FIG. 8 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 38-15996) is mainly for turning a hexagon socket head cap screw, and has six rounded chamfered corners 2. And six side surfaces 3 formed between the corners 2, and all of the six side surfaces 3 are concave (inwardly facing) from the side line H which is a common tangent to the corner 2. Curve). The wrench A2 has a drive angle K at the time of initial rotation.
(The angle between the acting forces F and G) is about 65 degrees, while the driving angle K during the substantial rotation can be made 50 degrees or less, and the elastically deformed portion of the hexagonal hole Ba escapes in the concave direction. Wrench A2 and bolt B
Is more reliable and the driving efficiency can be improved.

However, the wrench A2 has a large amount of deformation on the side of the hexagonal hole Ba because the dents on the six side surfaces 3 are too deep, and plastic deformation easily occurs.
The shape of a is changed, or the recessed part of the side surface 3 is formed shallowly. The wrench A3 of the third prior art shown in FIG. 9 has the hexagonal hole Ba of the bolt B formed not in a regular hexagon but in a similar shape to the wrench A2, and can reduce the drive angle K to about 15 to 20 degrees. The driving efficiency is extremely high. A wrench A4 of the fourth prior art shown in FIG. 10 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-42615) has six recesses in the side surfaces 3 formed shallowly.
Applies a regular hexagon, and a common bolt B can be used. The driving angle K2 during substantial rotation is about 52 degrees, and a regular hexagonal hexagonal hole Ba can be used.
The drive efficiency can be improved without increasing the cost.

[0009]

In the wrench A3 of the third prior art, the processing of the bolt B is difficult and the cost is very high, and the wrench A3 has a deep recess.
Like the wrench A2 of the second prior art, there is a problem that the wrench strength is significantly reduced and durability is reduced.
In the wrench A4 of the fourth prior art, when the recess of the side surface 3 is formed shallow, it is difficult to reduce the drive angle. When the wrench A4 is deep, a problem similar to that of the wrench A3 occurs. There is a problem that large deformation occurs, and a large relief area (dent) at the deformed portion is combined, which may cause a large plastic deformation to cause fatal damage.

Further, if there is a large dent so as to sandwich the corner portion 2 like the two wrenches A3 and A4, the reaction force of the acting force F on the bolt B acts on the corner portion 2, so that the corner portion 2 is turned. It becomes easy to escape in the direction opposite to the moving direction, and the turning torque may decrease. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotating tool capable of solving such a problem of the related art. The present invention reduces the driving angle by improving the driving efficiency by reducing the driving angle by setting the side surfaces between the six corner portions to be flat surfaces every other one and the other to be uneven, thereby securing the strength while securing the strength. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotary tool capable of reducing plastic deformation of a hole.

[0011] The present invention provides a rotary tool capable of securing strength while reducing drive angle and improving drive efficiency by making all side surfaces between six corners uneven. The purpose is to provide. The present invention improves the driving efficiency by reducing the driving angle by making every other side surface between the six corners a flat surface and the other being a concave surface.
An object of the present invention is to provide a rotating tool capable of reducing plastic deformation of a hexagonal hole.

[0012]

A first concrete means for solving the problems in the present invention is to form six rounded chamfered corners 2 and six side faces 3 formed between the corners 2. And is formed so as to be insertable into the hexagonal hole Ba.
Out of the three side surfaces 3, every other side surface 3 is formed as a substantially flat surface, and the other side surface 3 has a mountain surface 3a in the middle between the corners 2,
In addition, an uneven surface having a valley surface 3b between the mountain surface 3a and the two corners 2 is formed, and the apex of the mountain surface 3a is on a side line H which is a common tangent to the corner 2 or on the tool center P side therefrom. It is located in.

Accordingly, the rotating tool 1 can reduce the plastic deformation of the hexagonal hole Ba such as the bolt B while securing the strength while improving the driving efficiency by reducing the driving angle K. . A second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is a hexagonal hole B having six rounded corners 2 and six side surfaces 3 formed between the corners 2.
a, and each of the six side surfaces 3 has a peak surface 3a in the middle between the corner portions 2 and a valley surface between the peak surface 3a and the two corner portions 2. 3b, and the vertex of the peak surface 3a is located on a side line H which is a common tangent to the corner 2 or on the tool center P side thereof.

As a result, the rotary tool 1 can secure a sufficient strength while reducing the drive angle K to improve the drive efficiency. Third aspect of the present invention for solving the problem
The concrete means of the corner 2 of the six round chamfered shape,
It has six side surfaces 3 formed between the corners 2 and is formed so as to be insertable into the hexagonal hole Ba, and every other one of the six side surfaces 3 is substantially flat. And the other side surface 3 is formed as a concave surface which is recessed from the side line H which is a common tangent to the corner 2.

Thus, the rotary tool 1 can reduce the plastic deformation of the hexagonal hole Ba such as the bolt B while reducing the drive angle K to improve the drive efficiency. The fourth specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is the first to third means.
In addition to any of the above specific means, it is a wrench or bit having a substantially hexagonal column shape. Thereby, it can be used as a hexagon wrench or hexagon bit. Fifth specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is as follows:
In addition to any one of the specific means described in item 4 above, the radius of chamfering the center Q of the corner 2 may be such that the distance to the tool center P is
Is substantially equal to the distance L from to the side surface 3.

Thus, the rounded shape of the corner 2 is made appropriate, and damage to the hexagonal hole Ba is reduced. Sixth concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is the first,
In addition to any of the specific means 2, 4, the peak surface 3a of the side surface 3 is an arc surface having a radius of approximately L from the tool center P to the side surface 3. As a result, the strength of the rotary tool 1 is increased as much as possible, and the dent of the side surface 3 is reduced, thereby preventing plastic deformation of the hexagonal hole Ba.

According to a seventh concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention, in addition to the first or the second concrete means, the radius chamfering center Q of the corner portion 2 is set at a distance from the tool center P to the tool center P. Set approximately equal to the distance L from the center P to the side surface 3,
The mountain surface 3a of the side surface 3 is formed into an arc surface having a radius L substantially equal to the distance L from the tool center P to the side surface 3, and each mountain surface 3a
Is set to approximately 20 degrees, and the valley surface 3b is formed by an arc surface that comes into contact with the peak surface 3a and the corner 2 through the end Ua of the effective range U of the peak surface 3a. is there.

As a result, the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool 1 can be formed in an ideal shape for ensuring strength, improving drive efficiency, reducing plastic deformation of the hexagonal hole Ba, and the like.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, an L-shaped wrench bent in an L-shape is illustrated as the rotating tool 1A, and the wrench 1A is formed by drawing from a die or the like. The cross-sectional shape is substantially a regular hexagon, and is formed so as to be insertable into a regular hexagonal hexagonal hole Ba such as a bolt B, and has six rounded chamfered corners 2 and six sides formed between the corners 2. Surface 3.

The wrench 1A has one of the six sides 3
Every other side surface 3 is formed on a substantially flat surface 3c, and the other side surfaces 3 are formed.
Has a mountain surface 3a in the middle between the corners 2, and the mountain surface 3a
It is formed on an uneven surface having a valley surface 3b between a and both corners 2. The uneven side surface 3 is located on the side line H where the vertex of the mountain surface 3a is a common tangent to the corner portion 2 or closer to the tool center P than the side line H. The bosom is formed. Therefore, the wrench 1A has the flat surface 3c and the uneven surface alternately formed, and the flat surface 3c is present on both sides in the circumferential direction of the uneven surface. And a tool mounting portion is formed to be applicable as a power tool bit.

The wrench 1A has a distance (width) between opposite sides of 2L.
Then, the distance from the tool center P to the side surface 3 is a distance L, and the radius of the corner 2 is set such that the center Q of the chamfer is substantially away from the tool center P by a distance L. An imaginary circle Y centered on the tool center P in FIG. 2 is a circle having the same or slightly smaller diameter D as the distance 2L, and the center Q of the chamfer is located on the imaginary circle Y. Virtual circle Y
May be the same as or slightly smaller than the distance 2L, and the center Q of the chamfer may be shifted in and out of the virtual circle Y.

The mountain surface 3a of the side surface 3 is located on an imaginary circle Y, that is, an arc surface having a radius L substantially equal to the distance L from the tool center P to the side surface 3, and each mountain surface 3a The effective range U of the surface 3a is set to 20 degrees or its front-back angle.
When the radius of curvature of the mountain surface 3a is reduced, the depth of the dent of the uneven side surface 3 can be increased, and when the radius of curvature is increased, the depth of the dent of the uneven side surface 3 can be reduced. It is also possible to set the center of curvature of the mountain surface 3a to a point other than the tool center P. The valley surface 3b
Passes through both end portions Ua of the effective range U of the mountain surface 3a.
a is formed on an arc surface that is in contact with the corner 2, and the curvature radius R of the valley surface 3 b is set in such a manner. The radius of curvature R can be reduced by increasing the effective range U, and the depth of the dents of the uneven side surface 3 can be increased.

The corner portion 2 is a projection projecting from the imaginary circle Y at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
c is located on a common tangent line that is in contact with the protruding arc surface of the pair of corners 2 that is rounded. In other words, the wrench 1A chamfers the corner portion 2 of the regular hexagon with the maximum diagonal dimension r defined in Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS), and moves every other side surface 3 from the tool center P to the side. A mountain surface 3a is formed with the radius of the perpendicular line L to the surface 3 as a radius.
a is secured to an effective range U of about 20 degrees, and then each mountain surface 3a
Is formed by an arc surface having a center of curvature outside the wrench 1A, and the crest surface 3a is formed by the trough surface 3b. It is a convex part in the concave part.

Regarding the contact between the hexagonal hole Ba and the wall surface,
As shown in the figure, when the wrench 1A is inserted into the hexagonal hole Ba of the bolt B and the M angle is rotated, the point S1 on the wrench 1A side contacts the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba and continuously applies a rotational torque. And torque transmission is started. At that time, the uneven side surface 3
At point S1, an acting force FS1 is generated in a direction perpendicular to the line between P-S1, and an acting force (bolt internal stress) GS1 is generated in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface. At this time, the drive angle KS1 is about 63 degrees.

At point T1 on the flat surface 3c, an acting force FT1 is generated in a direction perpendicular to the line between PT and T1, and an acting force (bolt internal stress) GT is exerted in a direction perpendicular to the contact surface.
1 occurs. The drive angle KT1 at this time is the drive angle KS1
About 63 degrees, which is almost the same as. The state of the acting force at the time of the initial rotation is not much different from the wrench A1 of the first prior art. Next, when the standard tightening rotation torque is applied, as shown in FIG. 4, the wrench 1A further rotates to reach the N angle, and the point S2 moves from the original point S1 toward the valley surface 3b.
An acting force FS2 is generated in a direction perpendicular to the line P-S2, so that the corner 2 elastically deforms the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba.

Since the angle changes from the corner 2 to the valley surface 3b with respect to the side line H, the action of the corner 2 acting on the inner wall surface of the hexagon hole Ba with the elastic deformation of the hexagon hole Ba. Force G
The angle of S2 changes, and the drive angle KS2 between FS2 and GS2
Becomes sharper than the drive angle KS1. Also, corner 2
Further causes the hexagonal hole Ba to bite while causing the hexagonal hole Ba to be elastically deformed, thereby further reducing the drive angle KS2 (for example,
Degree). As the drive angle KS2 becomes smaller, slip is reduced and torque is transmitted while improving drive efficiency.

At this time, at point T2, the acting force FT
2 and the acting force GT2 are the same as at the point T1, and the driving angle KT
2 is about 63 degrees, but the flat surface 3c slightly bites into the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba, and changes from line contact to surface contact, and due to the surface contact of the flat surface 3c, the acting force GS2 is reduced. This prevents the corner 2 from biting into the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba, and prevents plastic deformation by the corner 2,
The position of the wrench 1A with respect to the bolt B axis is stabilized. Further, the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba is elastically deformed by the corner portion 2 and swells so as to escape into the pocket of the valley surface 3b. However, the deformation is caused by the protrusion of the mountain surface 3a. The amount is limited, and the mountain surface 3a becomes a resistance and suppresses deformation leading to plastic deformation.

By suppressing the deformation by the flat surface 3c, the hill surface 3a, etc., the sliding of the wrench 1A with respect to the hexagonal hole Ba is reduced, and the contact between the corner 2 and the hexagonal hole Ba is improved in both area and angle. In addition, the drive angle KS2 is reduced, driving efficiency is improved, and damage to the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba is minimized. Further, FS3 is generated as a reaction force of the operation force FS2 generated at the point S2, but the surface where the irregular side surfaces 3 are adjacent to each other with the corner 2 as a boundary is a flat surface 3c, and the flat surface 3c is a valley. Since there is no constriction due to the surface 3b, the corner 2
Transmits the rotation torque to the bolt B without running away.

Since the wrench 1A has three uneven surfaces, the fingertip can be held without slipping even when the wrench 1A is turned quickly or when oil is attached. , Can perform reliable work and improve workability.
It can be harder to break than a standard hexagon wrench. In addition, the cross-sectional dimensions are more accurate, the hardness is high, but the stickiness is high, and it is possible to reduce slippage and maintain the shape of the corner portion 2, thereby reducing the wear of the corner portion 2, The wrench durability and wear resistance can be improved.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the wrench 2A has an irregular surface on all six sides 3 of a substantially regular hexagonal column-shaped wrench, and the wrench 2A has no flat surface 3c. 1A, the effect of suppressing the corner portion 2 from digging into the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba, the effect of backing up the reaction force FS3, and the like are reduced, but plastic deformation is reduced as compared with the conventional technology shown in FIG. It is possible to improve the driving efficiency while preventing the elastic deformation. These first and second
As is clear from the above embodiment, it is possible to form a flat surface 3c from one to five of the side surfaces 3 of the wrench having a substantially regular hexagonal column shape, and to make the other surface a concave and convex surface. However, the torque transmission balance becomes better when the uneven side surfaces 3 are three or the entire surface.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, this wrench 3A has three sides 3 of a substantially regular hexagonal column-shaped wrench as flat faces 3c and the other three sides as concave faces. No peaks 3 a are formed between the corners 2 of the surface 3. The wrench 3A has a lower strength than the wrench 1A by the absence of the peak 3a, and the degree of the corner 2 elastically deforming the inner wall surface of the hexagonal hole Ba is increased. 8 can be sufficiently enjoyed, the effect of backing up the reaction force FS3, etc. can be sufficiently enjoyed, and the driving efficiency can be reduced while preventing plastic deformation and suppressing elastic deformation as compared with the conventional technology shown in FIG. Can be improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example,
The vertex of the peak 3a is located at the center of the two corners 2, but may be offset in one of the circumferential directions of the wrench A.
Are symmetrical, but one may be formed deeper than the other. The dimensions, shape, material, relative arrangement, etc. of each part of the wrench A can be set as appropriate.

[0033]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the rotary tool 1 can reduce the drive angle K to improve the drive efficiency, and furthermore, can secure the strength and can improve the hexagonal hole of the bolt B or the like. It is possible to reduce the plastic deformation of Ba.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 3 is an operation diagram at the time of initial rotation.

FIG. 4 is an operation diagram during substantial rotation.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an operation diagram of a hexagonal wrench according to JIS-B4648 of the first related art.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a second prior art.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a third prior art.

FIG. 10 is an operation diagram of the fourth conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating tool (wrench) 2 Corner part 3 Side surface 3a Mountain surface 3b Valley surface 3c Flat surface B Bolt Ba Hexagon hole H Side line K Drive angle U Effective range P Tool center

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A hexagonal hole having six rounded chamfered corners and six side faces formed between the corners is formed so as to be insertable into a hexagonal hole. The other side surface is formed as a substantially flat surface, and the other side surfaces have a peak surface in the middle between the corners and a valley surface between the peak surface and both corners. A rotary tool formed on a surface, wherein a vertex of the mountain surface is positioned on a side line that is a common tangent to a corner or on the tool center side thereof. 2. A semiconductor device having six corners having a round chamfered shape and six side faces formed between the corners is formed so as to be insertable into a hexagonal hole. Are formed on an uneven surface having a mountain surface between the corners and a valley between the mountain surface and both corners, and the apex of the mountain surface is a side that is a common tangent to the corner. A rotary tool, which is positioned on a line or closer to the center of the tool than the line. 3. It is formed so as to be insertable into a hexagonal hole having six rounded chamfered corners and six side faces formed between the respective corners. A rotary tool, wherein every other side surface is formed as a substantially flat surface, and the other side surface is formed as a concave surface which is recessed from a side line which is a common tangent line of a corner. 4. The rotary tool according to claim 1, wherein the rotary tool is a wrench or a bit having a substantially hexagonal column shape. 5. The rotary tool according to claim 1, wherein the radius of the corner chamfer at the corner is substantially equal to the distance from the tool center to the side surface. 6. The rotary tool according to claim 1, wherein the mountain surface of the side surface is an arc surface having a radius substantially equal to the distance from the tool center to the side surface. . 7. The center of the corner chamfer is set such that the distance from the tool center to the tool center is substantially equal to the distance from the tool center to the side face, and the crest of the side face is set to the distance from the tool center to the side face. Is formed in an arc surface having a substantially radius, and the effective range of each mountain surface is set to approximately 20 degrees, and the valley is formed by an arc surface that comes into contact with the mountain surface and the corner through the end of the effective range of the mountain surface. The rotary tool according to claim 1, wherein the rotary tool has a surface.