JP2002305038A - Defect determining method of lead-acid battery and charging method of lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a defect determining method of a lead-acid battery and a charging method of the lead-acid battery wherein the defect can be determined in the initial stage or in the way of charging stage. SOLUTION: In case that the highest battery voltage V1 in a charging process of the first constant current and constant voltage is higher than the first threshold value voltage V11 and that the lowest battery voltage V2 in the discharging process of the first constant current is lower than the second threshold value voltage V22 , the lead-acid battery is judged to be in the failure. Further, if this defect determination is not made, the charging is carried out up to the final stage in the second constant current and constant voltage charging process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for judging the quality of a lead storage battery at the time of charging or the like and a charging method for charging the lead storage battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-156250 discloses that a lead-acid battery is first charged with a constant current and a constant voltage with a high voltage, and then with a constant current and a constant voltage with a normal voltage. By performing constant current discharge by high-rate discharge after the completion, a pass / fail determination such as determination of sulfation, determination of capacity shortage, and determination of internal short circuit was performed.
That is, if the maximum battery voltage during constant current and constant voltage charging with a high voltage is too high, there is a suspicion of sulfation, and if the maximum battery voltage is too low, there is a suspicion of an internal short circuit. Also, when the battery voltage at the time of constant-current constant-voltage charging with a normal voltage is low and the charging capacity obtained by integrating the charging current at the time of this charging is too large, or when the charging current at the end of charging is too large, Suspected internal short circuit. Further, when the minimum battery voltage at the time of constant current discharge by high rate discharge is too low, there is a possibility that the capacity is reduced, sulfation or internal short circuit occurs.
If the minimum battery voltage at the time of this constant current discharge is sufficiently high, it is determined to be a good product, and if the minimum battery voltage is high to some extent, a cautionary determination is made for the suspected cause of the failure. When the minimum battery voltage is too low, it is determined that the battery needs to be replaced due to a suspected cause of failure, thereby determining the quality of the lead storage battery with high accuracy.

[0003]

However, in such a conventional failure determination method, the determination as to the suspected cause of the failure is determined until the charging is completed and the constant current discharge by the high rate discharge is finally performed. There was a problem that you can not.

[0004] Lead-acid batteries used in automobiles and motorcycles are:
The starting ability of the engine is the most important. For example, when determining whether or not the lead storage battery whose battery has run down is charged by the charger at the repair shop, it is required to reliably determine whether or not the starting ability is present. Therefore, at the time of this charging, high-rate discharging is performed in which a large discharging current is applied in the same manner as when the engine is started, and an accurate determination can be made by examining a drop in the battery voltage at this time. ing. However,
In the conventional determination method, since the high-rate discharge is performed after the completion of charging, it takes a long time to obtain a determination result, and waste of time is increased. In particular, in a car or motorcycle repair shop, the inconvenience of recharging is finally found to be bad and the customer who has been waiting for a long time must be told that the lead-acid battery needs to be replaced. Had occurred.

The present invention has been made in order to cope with such a situation. By performing discharging in the middle of charging, it is possible to determine a defect early without deteriorating the accuracy of quality determination. It is an object of the present invention to provide a lead storage battery defect determination method and a lead storage battery charging method.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for determining a defect in a lead-acid battery, comprising: a first constant current / constant voltage charging step (current A _c1 , voltage V _c1 , charging time H _c1 ); A constant current discharging step (current A _d1 , discharging time H _d1 ), a first constant current constant voltage charging step is performed, the maximum battery voltage at that time is set to V _1, and then a first constant current discharging step is performed. And when the lowest battery voltage at that time is V ₂ , the highest battery voltage V
₁ is higher than the first threshold voltage V ₁₁ of predetermined and when lower than the second threshold voltage V ₂₂ of the lowest battery voltage V ₂ are predetermined, determines that battery failure It is characterized by doing.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the first constant current constant
Maximum battery voltage V during voltage charging process ₁Causes abnormal high voltage
First threshold voltage V shown₁₁Higher than the monkey
It can be determined that there is a suspicion of a defect due to a face or the like.
If there is a suspicion of such a defect, the first
Battery voltage V during constant current discharging process_TwoAbnormal low power
Second threshold voltage V indicating the voltage_{twenty two}Lower than the sulph
Immediately determine that the product is defective due to
Can be Therefore, in the early stage of charging, lead storage
Battery charging can be reliably determined,
There is no waste of time when determining a defect after completion.
Be able to comb.

[0008] If it is determined that the lead storage battery is defective, the subsequent charging process or the like may be automatically stopped or a warning that the lead storage battery is defective may be given. It may be left to the operator to decide whether or not to continue the charging step.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for charging a lead storage battery.
First constant current / constant voltage charging step (current A_c1, Voltage V_c1, Charge
Electric time H_c1) And a first constant current discharging step (current A_d1, Discharge
Time H_d1) And a second constant current / constant voltage charging step (current A_c2,
Voltage V_c2. Where V_c2<V _c1) And the first
Perform the constant current and constant voltage charging process, and the maximum battery voltage at that time
To V₁And then perform a first constant current discharging step,
When the minimum battery voltage is V_TwoAnd the maximum battery voltage V
₁Is a predetermined first threshold voltage V₁₁Lower than
Or the minimum battery voltage V_TwoIs a predetermined second work
Threshold voltage V_{twenty two}Higher than the second constant current constant voltage
It is characterized in that charging is performed in a charging step.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the first constant current constant
Maximum battery voltage V during voltage charging process ₁Causes abnormal high voltage
First threshold voltage V shown₁₁If lower than the monkey
It can be determined that there is no suspicion of a defect due to a face or the like.
Also, this maximum battery voltage V₁Is the first threshold voltage V₁₁
Even if it is higher, the lowest current during the subsequent first constant current discharging step
Pond voltage V_TwoIs the second threshold voltage V indicating an abnormally low voltage
_{twenty two}If higher, it is judged that there is no doubt of failure
can do. And at the early stage of charging
Only when it is judged that there is no doubt of such a defect, the second
Since charging is performed by the constant current and constant voltage charging process, defective power
You can eliminate waste of time charging the pond to the end
Become so.

[0011] The invention of a method for judging a defect of a lead storage battery according to claim 3 is provided.
Is a third constant current constant voltage charging step (current A_c3,Voltage
V_c3, Charging time H_c3) And a second constant current discharging step (current A
_d2, Discharge time H_d2) And a fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step
(Current A_c4, Voltage V_c4, Charging time H _c4)
Performing a third constant-current / constant-voltage charging step;
Charge and discharge between the current discharging step and the fourth constant current and constant voltage charging step.
Cycle is repeated several times until the lowest
Pond voltage to V_ThreeAnd the minimum voltage of each discharge after the second cycle
Pond voltage to V_FourWhen these discharge minimum battery voltage is
V_Three> V_FourBattery failure is determined when
It is characterized by the following.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the second constant current discharge
Charge / discharge cycle between the charging process and the fourth constant current / constant voltage charging process
The discharge minimum battery voltage V in the first cycle.
_ThreeAnd each discharge minimum battery voltage V after the second cycle_FourWhen
Are sequentially compared to determine the battery failure. That is,
Repeat while charging a normal battery with simple discharge in this way
And discharge, the minimum battery voltage discharged in each cycle is charged
It gradually rises with the progress of. However, due to lack of capacity, etc.
In the case of a defective battery, the charging does not proceed,
This minimum discharge battery voltage does not rise. There
And the discharge minimum battery voltage V in the second and subsequent cycles
_FourIs the minimum battery voltage V discharged in the first cycle. _Threethan
If the battery is low, it is immediately determined that the battery is defective.
It can be performed. For this reason, during the initial or middle of charging
In the stage, the defect of the lead storage battery can be reliably determined.
So, after charging was completed to the end, it was judged as defective
In such a case, time can be wasted.

If it is determined that the lead storage battery is defective, the subsequent charging / discharging process and the like may be automatically stopped, or a warning that the lead storage battery is defective may be given. Whether or not to continue the subsequent charge / discharge step may be left to the operator's judgment.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for charging a lead storage battery.
A third constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c3 , voltage V _c3 , charging time H _c3 ), a second constant current discharging step (current A _d2 , discharging time H _d2 ), and a fourth constant current constant voltage A charging step (current A _c4 , voltage V _c4 , charging time H _c4 ) and a fifth constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c5 , voltage V _c5 ) are provided.
And then repeat the charge / discharge cycle of the second constant current discharging step and the fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step a plurality of times, and set the discharge minimum battery voltage in the first cycle to V ₃ When each of the minimum discharge battery voltages in the second and subsequent cycles is V _4, and all of the minimum discharge battery voltages satisfy the relationship of V ₃ <V _4, a fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step is performed. The battery is charged by

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the charge / discharge cycle of the second constant current discharging step and the fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step is repeated, and the discharge minimum battery voltage V in the first cycle is obtained.
Each discharge minimum battery voltage V after the second cycle is greater than _3.
Only when the value of ₄ is higher, charging is performed by the fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step. That is, in the case of a defective battery due to insufficient capacity or the like, the charging does not proceed, so that the minimum discharge battery voltage in each cycle does not increase. However, in the case of a normal battery with simple discharge, if such charge and discharge are repeated, the discharge minimum battery voltage in each cycle gradually increases with the progress of charge. Therefore, the discharge minimum at second and subsequent cycles the battery voltage V ₄ is, if always higher than the discharge lowest battery voltage V ₃ in the first cycle, it can be determined that there is no battery failure. For this reason, the charging is performed in the fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step only when it is determined that the battery is not defective at the initial or middle stage of charging, so that the time for charging the defective battery to the end is wasted. You can get rid of it.

The invention of a method for judging a defect of a lead storage battery according to claim 5 is provided.
Is a third constant current constant voltage charging step (current A_c3,Voltage
V_c3, Charging time H_c3) And a second constant current discharging step (current A
_d2, Discharge time H_d2) And a fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step
(Current A_c4, Voltage V_c4, Charging time H _c4)
Performing a third constant-current / constant-voltage charging step;
Charge and discharge between the current discharging step and the fourth constant current and constant voltage charging step.
Cycle several times, any of the second and subsequent cycles
Discharge minimum battery voltage in each previous cycle
Discharge becomes higher than the minimum battery voltage beyond a predetermined potential difference
When there is no battery, it is determined that the battery is defective.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the charge / discharge cycle of the second constant current discharging step and the fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step is repeated, and each discharge minimum battery voltage after the second cycle is calculated. Battery failure is determined by sequentially comparing with the lowest discharge battery voltage in the immediately preceding cycle. That is, when a normal battery with simple discharge is repeatedly discharged while being charged in this manner, the minimum discharge battery voltage in each cycle gradually increases as the charging progresses. However, in the case of a defective battery due to insufficient capacity or the like, the charging does not proceed, so that the minimum discharge battery voltage does not increase. Therefore, when the minimum discharge battery voltage in each cycle does not increase to a predetermined ratio or more, it can be immediately determined that the battery is defective. For this reason, at the initial or middle stage of charging,
Since the defect of the lead storage battery can be reliably determined, it is possible to eliminate waste of time when the determination of the defect is performed after the charging is completed to the end.

If it is determined that the lead storage battery is defective, the subsequent charge / discharge process may be automatically stopped, or a warning that the lead storage battery is defective may be given. Whether or not to continue the subsequent charge / discharge step may be left to the operator's judgment.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for charging a lead storage battery.
A third constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c3 , voltage V _c3 , charging time H _c3 ), a second constant current discharging step (current A _d2 , discharging time H _d2 ), and a fourth constant current constant voltage A charging step (current A _c4 , voltage V _c4 , charging time H _c4 ) and a fifth constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c5 , voltage V _c5 ) are provided.
And then repeat the charge / discharge cycle of the second constant current discharge step and the fourth constant current / constant voltage charge step a plurality of times. All the discharge minimum battery voltages after the second cycle Is charged by the fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step when the voltage of the battery is higher than the minimum discharge battery voltage in the immediately preceding cycle by more than a predetermined potential difference.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the charge / discharge cycle of the second constant current discharging step and the fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step is repeated, and each of the discharge minimum battery voltages after the second cycle is reduced. Only in the case where the voltage is sufficiently higher than the discharge minimum battery voltage in the immediately preceding cycle, charging is performed in the fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step. That is, in the case of a defective battery due to insufficient capacity or the like, the charging does not proceed, so that the minimum discharge battery voltage in each cycle does not increase. However, in the case of a normal battery with simple discharge, if such charge and discharge are repeated,
The minimum discharge battery voltage in each cycle gradually increases with the progress of charging. Therefore, when the minimum discharge battery voltage in each cycle increases to a predetermined rate or more, it can be determined that the battery is not defective. For this reason, the charging is performed in the fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step only when it is determined that the battery is not defective at the initial or middle stage of charging, so that the time for charging the defective battery to the end is wasted. You can get rid of it.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of a charging apparatus in a diagnosis / charging mode, and FIG. 2 is an external view of the charging apparatus. FIG. 3 is a time chart showing changes in battery voltage and charging current in the diagnosis / charging mode of the charging device.

In this embodiment, a case where a lead storage battery for a motorcycle is charged will be described. Charging device 1 shown in FIG.
Is a device that connects a lead storage battery and charges the battery while measuring the battery voltage and charging / discharging current of the lead storage battery, and can also determine the quality of the lead storage battery. The charging device 1 has an operation panel on the front surface of the housing, where operations are performed and various displays are performed. That is, when the power switch 2 is operated, the power of the charging device 1 is turned on, and when the mode change switch 3 is operated, switching between the diagnostic mode, the diagnostic / charging mode, and the charging mode is performed. In the diagnosis mode, only the pass / fail judgment of the lead storage battery is performed, and in the charging mode, only the charging of the lead storage battery is performed. In the diagnosis / charging mode, the lead storage battery is charged and the diagnosis is performed. . The up / down switch 4 increases or decreases the set value of the capacity of the lead storage battery each time one of the switches in the up / down direction is pressed. It is displayed at any time in the unit 5 in a seven-segment display. Then, by pressing the start switch 6, diagnosis and charging of the lead storage battery can be started according to the setting mode. The charging device 1 also includes a charging time display unit 7 that displays the progress of charging of the lead storage battery in a bar graph, and a determination result display unit 8 that displays the result of pass / fail determination of the lead storage battery in a bar graph. ing. Further, each LED lamp is turned on when the power is turned on by the power switch 2 or during charging or determination, and the LED lamp is turned on when the charging device 1 is abnormal.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the operation of the charging apparatus 1.
Explanation will be made based on the chart. First, the first step (hereinafter
(Hereinafter referred to as "S"), the operator stores lead storage in the charging device 1.
Connect the pond (S1) and operate the power switch 2 to turn on the power.
throw into. Here, the mode changeover switch 3 is set for diagnosis / charging.
The case where the power mode is set will be described. Next
The operator operates the up / down switch 4 to
Set the rated capacity of the connected lead storage battery, and
5 is displayed (S2). And start switch 6
Is pressed (S3), the charging device 1
Measures the open voltage of the pond and the ambient temperature and sets the lead storage
Based on the rated capacity of the pond, these open voltages, and the environmental temperature,
Each charge / discharge current, charge voltage, charge / discharge time, threshold
Low voltage V ₁₁, V_{twenty two}, And the estimated charging time
It is set in the memory of the unit (S4).

When the lead storage battery is ready for diagnosis and charging by the above steps, the first constant current and constant voltage charging is performed on the lead storage battery (S5). First constant-current constant-voltage charging, for example, several tens of the mA~ several hundred mA about small current A _c1, at about 3.3V / cell following a relatively high voltage V _c1, for example 10 to 30 minutes of charging time Constant current and constant voltage charging performed over H _c1 ,
This is performed for the diagnosis of the lead storage battery and for recovery when sulfation has occurred. When such first constant-current and constant-voltage charging is performed, as shown in FIG. 3, the battery voltage of the lead storage battery increases with time. However, if the battery is a normal battery, the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the first threshold voltage V ₁₁ (for example, 3 V / cell or more and the voltage V
_c1 ), and when the maximum battery voltage V ₁ becomes higher than the first threshold voltage V ₁₁ (S 1
6), it is determined that there is a suspicion of a defect due to sulfation or the like, and this determination result is stored in a memory (S7). When the sulfation occurs, the lead storage battery enters a high impedance state. Therefore, when the battery is charged at a high voltage V _c1 , the battery voltage exceeds the threshold voltage V ₁₁ as shown by a dashed line in FIG. Rise to the value. However, if charging is performed at such a high voltage V _c1 , in the case of slight sulfation, a high voltage may be applied to the electrode plate to recover the battery. It cannot be determined that there is. The maximum battery voltage V ₁ is becoming higher than the first threshold voltage V ₁₁ is not necessarily a cause failure due to sulfation, there may be a case of failure due to other causes. Here, when the maximum battery voltage V ₁ becomes higher than the first threshold voltage V ₁₁ , in order to further promote the recovery of sulfation, the first constant current / constant voltage charging time H 5 in S 5 is used. _c1 may be extended.

When the first constant-current / constant-voltage charging step is completed, a first constant-current discharge is performed (S8). The first constant current discharge is a high-rate discharge current specified by JIS for each battery type, or an arbitrary current A equivalent to the high rate discharge current.
_{This is} a constant current discharge performed at _d1 over a discharge time Hd1 of, for example, about 5 to 30 seconds, and is discharged at a relatively large current similar to that at the time of starting the engine. Then, from the first minimum battery voltage V ₂ are the second threshold voltage V ₂₂ (voltage as inconvenience to start the engine, for example 1.1～1.3V / cell) during the constant current discharge If it is also low (S9), it is checked whether it is determined in S7 that there is a defect (S10). When the defect is determined, it is determined that the lead storage battery is defective. A determination is made and the process ends. In addition, on the operation panel of the charging device 1, “replacement required” is displayed on the determination result display unit 8, and a code indicating a failure due to sulfation or the like is blinked on the battery capacity display unit 5, for example. hand,
This diagnostic result is notified to the operator. When sulfation occurs, since the capacity shortage no longer accept charge, minimum battery voltage V ₂ when performing the constant current discharge is greatly reduced. In addition to the case of failure due to sulfation, and when an internal short circuit is generated, even or when an over-discharge, the minimum battery voltage V ₂ is greatly reduced.

When the mode changeover switch 3 is set to the diagnostic mode, the process is terminated here even when it is determined in S6 or S9 that the lead storage battery is normal.
Then, on the operation panel of the charging device 1, the result of the diagnosis is notified to the operator by displaying “normal” on the determination result display unit 8.

In step S6, the maximum battery voltage V₁Is the first threshold
Low voltage V₁₁If it is less than or the minimum battery voltage in S9
V_TwoIs the second threshold voltage V_{twenty two}If that is the case,
The second constant current constant voltage charging is performed (S11). Second
Constant current and constant voltage charging is, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 CA, or
Must not damage the battery during the battery charging process.
Large current A_c2In the first constant current / constant voltage charging step.
Pressure V_c1Lower voltage V _c2That is, for example, 2.45 to 2.
It is a constant current and constant voltage charge performed at 5V / cell.
Charge until fully charged. This second constant current and constant voltage
In the charging step, as shown in FIG.
Current A_c2Is supplied and the battery voltage gradually rises,
Battery voltage V_c2Reaches the constant voltage, the charge current
Decrease. And this charging current becomes a sufficiently small value
When the charge has decreased to full charge, it is determined that charging has been completed.
Can be

As a result, in the present embodiment, the defect of the lead storage battery is determined at the initial stage of charging, and only the normal lead storage battery is charged by the second constant current constant voltage charging step for a long time. Therefore, wasteful charging of the defective lead storage battery without meaning can be eliminated.
In addition, when the charging device 1 is used in the diagnostic mode, the quality of the lead storage battery can be determined in a short time.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the charging device in the diagnosis / charging mode, and FIG. 5 is a time chart showing changes in a battery voltage and a charging current in a charging mode.

In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a case will be described in which a lead storage battery for a motorcycle is charged.
The configuration of the operation panel of the charging device 1 is the same as that shown in FIG.

The operation of the charging device 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, the operator connects the lead storage battery (S21), turns on the power, sets the rated capacity of the lead storage battery (S22), and presses the start switch 6 (S2).
Up to 3), the processing is exactly the same as S1 to S3 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. And this start switch 6
Is pressed, the charging apparatus 1 first measures the open-circuit voltage and the environmental temperature of the lead-acid battery, and based on the set rated capacity of the lead-acid battery and the open-circuit voltage and the environmental temperature, performs charging and discharging shown below. The current, charge voltage, charge / discharge time, estimated charge time, and the like are calculated and set in an internal memory. Also, here, the case where the mode changeover switch 3 is set to the diagnosis / charge mode will be described.

When the lead storage battery is ready for diagnosis and charging by the above steps, a third constant current and constant voltage charging is performed on the lead storage battery (S24). The third constant current / constant voltage charging includes, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 CA, or a maximum current A _c3 that does not damage the battery during the battery charging process, and, for example, 2.45.
At a voltage V _c3 of ２．５2.5 V / cell, a time during which a constant capacity (for example, 10%) is charged with respect to the rated capacity of the battery to be charged by the current A _c3 , or an arbitrary time such as 30 minutes or 1 hour This is constant-current and constant-voltage charging performed over a charging time _Hc3 that is a fixed time. When such third constant current / constant voltage charging is performed, as shown in FIG. 5, the battery voltage of the lead storage battery increases with time.

[0034] When the third constant current constant voltage charging step is completed, whether this third constant current constant voltage up to the battery voltage V ₅ at the time of charging a predetermined voltage or more, for example, where 2.3V / cell or more Is determined (S25), and if the voltage is lower than the predetermined voltage, a second constant current discharge is performed (S26). The second constant current discharge is a high-rate discharge current specified by JIS for each battery type, or an arbitrary current A corresponding to the high rate discharge current.
_d2 , for example, a relatively short discharge time H _{d2 of} about 5 to 30 seconds.
This is a constant current discharge performed over a period of time. Then, stores the minimum battery voltage V ₃ at the time of the initial (first cycle) the second constant-current discharge of the memory (S27).

When the first second constant current discharging step is completed, a fourth constant current constant voltage charging is performed (S28). 4th
Is constant current constant voltage charging of, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 CA, or a maximum current A _c4 that does not damage the battery during the battery charging process, and a voltage V _c4 of, for example, 2.45 to 2.5 V / cell. A constant time (for example, 10%) with respect to the rated capacity of the battery to be charged by the current A _c4 , or a charge time H _c4 consisting of an arbitrary constant time such as 30 minutes or 1 hour. Current constant voltage charging. When the fourth constant current constant voltage charging step is completed, it is determined whether the fourth constant current up to the battery voltage V ₅ at the time of constant voltage charging a predetermined voltage or more, for example, where 2.3V / cell or more (S29). When the maximum battery voltage V ₅ is less than a predetermined voltage, performs again the second constant current discharge (S
30), it is determined whether or not lower than the minimum battery voltage V ₃ the minimum battery voltage V ₄ at that time is stored in memory in S27 (S31), if the minimum battery voltage V ₃ or more, S28 Return to the processing of. In the present embodiment,
First, after the second constant current discharging step of the first cycle of S26, the fourth constant current constant voltage charging step of S28 and the second constant current discharging step of the second cycle and subsequent steps of S30 are repeated. The number of executions of the fourth constant-current / constant-voltage charging step is one less than that of the second constant-current discharging step. However, before and after each cycle, a third constant current / constant voltage charging step and a fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step described later are executed. Since it does not make sense to execute, it can be considered that the fourth constant current / constant voltage charging in the first cycle or the last cycle is omitted.

In the processes of S26 to S31, the process shown in FIG.
Thus, every time the second constant current discharge is performed, the lead-acid battery
Battery voltage once decreases with the passage of time,
Each time constant current voltage charging is performed, this battery voltage
It will rise again over time. However, lead-acid batteries have insufficient capacity.
If the failure is due to the foot, the fourth constant current constant voltage charging
Since the capacity does not increase even if the process is performed, the one-dot chain in FIG.
Repeating the second constant current discharging step as indicated by the line
Only the capacity decreases, and the minimum battery voltage V_FourBut
Decreases gradually. In addition, the fourth constant
Even if the capacity does not increase during the constant voltage charging process,
Low battery voltage V_FourGradually decreases. Therefore, the processing of S31
The principle is that the minimum current for the second constant current discharge in each cycle is
Pond voltage V _FourIs the second constant current discharging process in the first cycle.
Minimum battery voltage V_ThreeLower than lead storage
It is determined that the pond is defective, and the process ends. And charge
On the operation panel of the electronic device 1, the judgment result
"Replacement" is displayed and, for example, the battery capacity display section 5
Flashing code indicating failure due to insufficient capacity, etc.
The diagnosis result is notified to the operator, for example, by displaying it.

[0037] When the maximum battery voltage V ₅ at the S25 or S29 is determined to have become equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage, the constant-current constant-voltage charging at the fifth is performed (S32). The fifth constant current / constant voltage charging is, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 CA, or the maximum current A _c5 that does not damage the battery during the battery charging process.
When, for example 2.45～2.5V / cell was constant current constant voltage performed by the voltage V _c5 charging, charging until lead-acid battery is fully charged. In the fifth constant-current / constant-voltage charging step, as shown in FIG. 5, a charging current A _c5 of a constant current is initially supplied, and the battery voltage gradually increases. When the battery voltage reaches the battery voltage V _c5 , the charging is started. The voltage is charged, and the charging current decreases. And when this charging current decreases to a sufficiently small value,
It can be determined that the battery has reached full charge and has been charged.

[0038] Note that when the mode switch 3 is in the case which has been set in the diagnostic mode, the maximum battery voltage V ₅ in S25 or S29 is determined to have become equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage,
The process ends assuming that the lead storage battery is normal. And
On the operation panel of the charging device 1, the result of the diagnosis is notified to the operator by displaying “normal” on the determination result display unit 8.

Instead of the determination in S25 or S29, the fourth constant current constant voltage charging and the second constant current discharging steps are repeated for a predetermined number of cycles, during which the lowest battery voltage V ₄ always becomes the lowest battery voltage. if V ₃ or more, may be determined to be a normal cell. However, in this case, if the overdischarged lead storage battery is charged, there is a possibility that the battery is erroneously determined to be a normal battery before sufficient charging for determination is performed. However, as in this embodiment, and the highest battery voltage V ₅ at the time of charging is only successful if until a predetermined voltage or higher, minimum battery voltage V ₄ is maintained at least minimum battery voltage V ₃ If the determination is made, such erroneous determination can be prevented.

As a result, in the present embodiment, the defect of the lead storage battery is determined at the initial or middle stage of the charging, and the charging by the fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step is performed only for the normal lead storage battery. In addition, it is possible to eliminate waste of charging the defective lead storage battery without meaning. In addition, when the charging device 1 is used in the diagnostic mode, the quality of the lead storage battery can be determined in a short time.

In the second embodiment, when the lead storage battery to be charged is fully charged or in a state close to it, S25
In is determined that the maximum battery voltage V ₅ at the time of charging to a predetermined voltage or more, without being executed determined once the battery failure at S31, the process proceeds to the fifth constant-current constant-voltage charge step of S32 If this lead-acid battery is a micro-short-circuited battery, a light sulfation battery, or a battery having a combination of these problems, there is a risk that the lead-acid battery may be erroneously determined to be a normal battery. is there. Therefore, in order to prevent such an erroneous determination, immediately before the completion of the charging in the fifth constant-current / constant-voltage charging step, discharging is performed by high-rate discharging, and the lowest battery voltage at that time is inspected. The final pass / fail judgment may be made.

In the second embodiment, the case where all the minimum battery voltages V ₄ in the second and subsequent cycles are compared with the minimum battery voltage V _{3 in} the first cycle has been described.
For the initial charging state of the battery is unknown, than relative to the only the first minimum battery voltage V _3, when this minimum battery voltage V ₃ extremely low, once the minimum battery voltage in the second cycle also V ₄ rises, so that it can not be ruled out that failure of the battery, such as not rise at all in the subsequent cycle. Therefore, in order to check that these minimum battery voltages have risen reliably in each cycle, the minimum battery voltages in the second and subsequent cycles are sequentially compared with the minimum battery voltages in the immediately preceding cycle, and May be executed only when all of them have risen beyond the predetermined potential difference. Then, in the case of the diagnostic mode, if any of the minimum battery voltages after the second cycle does not rise beyond the predetermined potential difference, it may be determined that the battery is defective.

Also in the second embodiment, the maximum battery voltage in the third constant current constant voltage charging step and the minimum battery voltage V ₃ in the second constant current discharging step in the first cycle are respectively set. Compared with the threshold voltage, it is possible to determine the defect of the lead storage battery as in the first embodiment.

In the first and second embodiments, the process is immediately terminated when it is determined that the lead storage battery is defective. In such a case, the determination result is displayed.
Whether or not to continue the subsequent processing may be left to the judgment of the operator.

[0045]

As is clear from the above description, according to the lead storage battery defect determination method of the present invention, the quality of the lead storage battery can be determined in a short time. Further, according to the method for charging a lead storage battery of the present invention, a defect of the lead storage battery is determined at an initial or middle stage of charging, and only the normal lead storage battery is charged to the end, so that the defective lead storage battery is This eliminates the needlessly wasting time and power wasted by continuing charging.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention and illustrating an operation of a charging apparatus in a diagnosis / charging mode.

FIG. 2, showing the first embodiment of the present invention, is a front view illustrating an appearance of a charging device.

FIG. 3, showing the first embodiment of the present invention, is a time chart showing changes in battery voltage and charging current in a diagnosis / charge mode of the charging device.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a flowchart for explaining an operation of the charging apparatus in a diagnosis / charging mode.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a time chart showing changes in battery voltage and charging current in a diagnosis / charge mode of the charging device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 charging device 8 judgment result display section

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2G016 CA03 CB12 CB24 CC04 CC06 CC12 CC26 5G003 AA01 BA01 CA03 CC02 DA07 EA09 5H030 AA03 AA04 AA08 AS08 BB02 BB03 BB04 BB21 FF42 FF43 FF44 FF52

Claims (6)

[Claims] A first constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c1 , voltage V _c1 , charging time H _c1 ) and a first constant current discharging step (current A _d1 , discharging time H _d1 ); first performing a first constant-current constant-voltage charging step, when the highest battery voltage at that time is V _1, then performs a first constant current discharge process was the lowest battery voltage at that time is V _2, the highest battery The voltage V ₁ is a predetermined first threshold voltage V ₁₁
Higher than, and when lower than the second threshold voltage V ₂₂ of the lowest battery voltage V ₂ are predetermined defect determination method of a lead-acid battery, characterized in that it is determined that the battery failure. 2. A first constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c1 , voltage V _c1 , charging time H _c1 ), a first constant current discharging step (current A _d1 , discharging time H _d1 ) and a second constant-current constant-voltage charging step (current a _c2, voltage V _c2. However, V _c2 <V _c1) and a, performs first first constant-current constant-voltage charging step, the maximum battery voltage at that time and V ₁ Then, a first constant current discharging step is performed, and when the lowest battery voltage at that time is V ₂ , the highest battery voltage V ₁ is set to a predetermined first threshold voltage V ₁₁
Or lower than, or, when higher than the second threshold voltage V ₂₂ of the lowest battery voltage V ₂ are predetermined, and performs charging by the second constant-current constant-voltage charging step How to charge lead storage batteries. 3. A third constant current constant voltage charging step (current
A_c3, Voltage V_c3, Charging time H_c3) And the second constant current discharger
(Current A_d2, Discharge time H_d2) And the fourth constant current constant voltage
Charging process (current A_c4, Voltage V_c4, Charging time H_c4) And
First, a third constant current / constant voltage charging step is performed, and then a second constant current / constant voltage charging step is performed.
Charge / discharge of a constant current discharging step and a fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step
The power cycle is repeated several times,
Low battery voltage to V_ThreeEach discharge after the second cycle
Low battery voltage to V _FourAnd the minimum battery
Pressure is V_Three> V_FourBattery failure when the relationship
A method for determining a defect of a lead storage battery. 4. A third constant current constant voltage charging step (current
A_c3, Voltage V_c3, Charging time H_c3) And the second constant current discharger
(Current A_d2, Discharge time H_d2) And the fourth constant current constant voltage
Charging process (current A_c4, Voltage V_c4, Charging time H_c4) And
5 constant current constant voltage charging process (current A_c5, Voltage V_c5) And
First, a third constant current / constant voltage charging step is performed, and then a second constant current / constant voltage charging step is performed.
Charge / discharge of a constant current discharging step and a fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step
The power cycle is repeated several times,
Low battery voltage to V_ThreeEach discharge after the second cycle
Low battery voltage to V _FourAnd the minimum battery
Pressure is all V_Three<V_FourWhen the relationship becomes the fifth constant current
Lead which is charged by a constant voltage charging process
How to charge the storage battery. 5. A third constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c3 , voltage V _c3 , charging time H _c3 ), a second constant current discharging step (current A _d2 , discharging time H _d2 ), and (A current A _c4 , a voltage V _c4 , a charging time H _c4 ). First, a third constant current / constant voltage charging step is performed, then a second constant current discharging step and a fourth The charge / discharge cycle with the constant current / constant voltage charging step is repeated a plurality of times, and any of the lowest discharge battery voltages after the second cycle becomes higher than the lowest discharge battery voltage in the immediately preceding cycle by more than a predetermined potential difference. A method of determining a defect in a lead storage battery, wherein the method determines that the battery is defective when the battery is not in operation. 6. A third constant current constant voltage charging step (current A _c3 , voltage V _c3 , charging time H _c3 ), a second constant current discharging step (current A _d2 , discharging time H _d2 ), A constant current / constant voltage charging step (current A _c4 , voltage V _c4 , charging time H _c4 ) and a fifth constant current / constant voltage charging step (current A _c5 , voltage V _c5 ). A current / constant voltage charging step is performed, and then a charge / discharge cycle of a second constant current discharging step and a fourth constant current / constant voltage charging step is repeated a plurality of times. And charging the lead-acid battery by a fifth constant-current / constant-voltage charging step when the battery voltage is higher than the minimum discharge battery voltage in the cycle immediately before the above by more than a predetermined potential difference.