JP2002296542A - Visual mark for stereoscopic vision inspection - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a visual mark for a stereoscopic vision inspection realizing the stereoscopic vision inspection accompanying different parallaxes only by single body constitution and contributing to the simplification of an eye inspection operation, the miniaturization of a device and the reduction of costs. SOLUTION: In the visual mark 10 for the stereoscopic vision inspection, separately arranged polarization visual marks composed of the ones for a left eye and the ones for a right eye are visually recognized through polarization spectacles 20L and 20R and the inspection is performed. A visual mark plate main body 10a is provided with the polarization visual marks composed of pair constitution arranged on the left and right for which the interval of each other is continuously changed respectively corresponding to a distance from a center optical axis position, for generating the apparently vertically arranged visual mark images of the pair constitution accompanying the parallax continuously changed corresponding to the distance from a center optical axis.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optotype for stereoscopic inspection, and more particularly to an optotype for stereoscopic inspection capable of inspecting stereoscopic parallax with a continuous sense of depth.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the field of ophthalmology, when performing a stereoscopic vision test of a subject's eye at the time of subjective optometry, a polarization target having a polarizing filter attached to a light transmitting portion is used.
The subject wears polarized glasses, presents the same type or two types of optotypes to the left and right eyes individually, and allows the optotype image to be viewed with a certain parallax depending on the optotype interval. Thus, the examination of the stereoscopic function of the subject's eye was performed.

[0003]

However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. That is, in the case of a polarized visual target in which a polarizing filter is attached to a light transmitting portion, when performing a stereoscopic visual inspection with different parallaxes, it is necessary to prepare a number of stereoscopic visual inspection visual targets corresponding to the different parallaxes. However, the number of optotypes increases, which causes a problem of complicating the optometry operation, further expanding the apparatus, and increasing the cost.

Accordingly, the present invention can realize a stereoscopic inspection with different parallaxes by using only a single unit, and can simplify the optometry operation, and further contribute to a reduction in the size and cost of the apparatus. Is provided.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
In a stereoscopic inspection test target for visually inspecting polarized light targets for the left eye and the right eye, which are separately arranged, through polarized glasses, the distance between the center of the optotype plate and the center optical axis position is determined. The optotype consists of a pair of left and right arrangements that continuously change in accordance with the distance from the target. Apparently, a pair of optotypes with a parallax that changes continuously according to the distance from the central optical axis in an apparent vertical arrangement A polarization index for generating an image is provided.

According to the present invention, a polarized light which produces a paired target image with a parallax which is apparently arranged vertically on the target plate body and which varies continuously according to the distance from the central optical axis. Since the optotypes are provided, only the optotypes for stereoscopic inspection alone can realize a stereoscopic inspection with continuously different parallax.
This can contribute to simplification of the optometry operation, further downsizing of the apparatus, and reduction in cost, as compared with the case where a plurality of visual targets for stereoscopic inspection that generate different parallaxes are used.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the optotype for stereoscopic examination according to the first aspect, a panel-type optotype group of the optotype display device in which an eye to be inspected visually recognizes at a predetermined distance. It is characterized by being incorporated as one of the optotypes in a disk in which various optotype groups in an optotype projection type optotype presenting apparatus are arranged in a circular arrangement.

According to the present invention, the visual target for stereoscopic examination which exhibits the function of claim 1 is incorporated in a visual target display device for visually recognizing a subject's eye at a predetermined distance, or a visual target projection type visual target. With the configuration incorporated in the target presenting apparatus, a stereoscopic inspection with different parallax can be realized. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an optotype for stereoscopic inspection, in which polarized optotypes for the left eye and the right eye, which are separately arranged, are visually recognized and inspected through polarizing glasses. The distance between the center optical axis position is changed stepwise according to the distance from the center optical axis position, each of the left and right paired arrangement is formed over a plurality of stages, apparently vertically arranged stepwise according to the distance from the center optical axis The present invention is characterized in that a polarized visual target for generating a visual target image with a parallax that changes over a plurality of stages is provided.

According to the present invention, a polarized light for causing a target plate body to appear in a plurality of stages on the target plate body, with an apparently vertical arrangement of a target image with a parallax that changes stepwise according to the distance from the central optical axis. Since the optotypes are provided, the stereoscopic inspection optotype alone can realize a stereoscopic inspection with different parallax in a stepwise manner, whereby a plurality of stereoscopic inspection optotypes that generate different parallaxes can be realized. Simplification of the optometry operation compared to using
Further, it can contribute to downsizing of the apparatus and reduction in cost.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the optotype for stereoscopic examination according to the third aspect, wherein the optotype plate main body is a panel-type visual target of an optotype display device in which an eye to be inspected is viewed at a predetermined distance. It must be incorporated as one of the targets, or be incorporated as one of the targets in a disk in which various targets are arranged in a circular arrangement in a target projection type target presentation device. It is characterized by the following.

According to the present invention, the optotype for stereoscopic examination which exhibits the function of claim 3 is incorporated into an optotype display device which allows the subject's eye to visually recognize the optotype at a predetermined distance, or an optotype projection type optotype. With the configuration incorporated in the marker presenting apparatus, it is possible to realize a stereoscopic inspection involving different parallax in a plurality of stages in a stepwise manner.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a stereoscopic examination optotype in which polarized optotypes for the left eye and the right eye, which are separately arranged, are visually recognized through polarizing glasses for inspection. The main body of the signboard consists of a pair of left and right arrangements in which the distance between them changes continuously according to the distance from the center optical axis position. Polarized optotype that generates a target image with a parallax that changes in a linear manner, and slidably disposed on the optotype plate body, changing the exposure position of the paired polarized optotype in the vertical direction, and And a mask member capable of changing the floating amount of the optotype image.

[0013] According to the present invention, the polarized light for causing the optotype plate body to appear in a plurality of stages with an apparently vertically arranged optotype image having a parallax that changes stepwise according to the distance from the central optical axis. It is provided with an optotype, and further provided with a mask member capable of changing the exposure amount of the paired polarization optotype in the vertical direction to change the floating amount of the paired optotype image. With only the target alone, it is possible to realize a stereoscopic inspection in a state in which the disparity is changed in a stepwise manner and the disparity can be changed, and thus, a plurality of stereoscopic inspection targets that cause different disparities are used. Compared to the case, it is possible to contribute to simplification of the optometry operation, further downsizing of the apparatus, and cost reduction.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An optometry apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a subjective optometry apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the optometry apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is provided with an optometry table 2, a column 3 provided vertically from the optometry table 2, and a horizontal extension from the column 3. The support arm 4, an optometric unit 11 having a built-in optical system having a spherical lens, a cylindrical lens, a variable prism (rotary prism), and the like supported by the support arm 4, and a predetermined distance (for example, 5 m) from the optometric unit 11
A visual acuity table display device 12 that displays various subjective optotype optotypes including the stereoscopic inspection optotype 10 according to the first embodiment that is disposed at a distant position, and is disposed on the optometry table 2. An operation unit 8 including a display unit 6 and an input unit 7 is provided.

The input unit 7 of the operation unit 8 is used for inputting an operation command to each unit of the optometry apparatus 1, and the display unit 6 displays various operations and optometry information.

Next, the optotype 10 for stereoscopic inspection according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 3, the subject 10 wears the polarizing glasses 20L and 20R of the left eye EL and the right eye ER with the polarization axes shifted by 90 degrees from each other, as shown in FIG. Thus, the image is directly subjected to visual inspection via the optometry unit 11 or not via the optometry unit 11 so as to be subjected to a stereoscopic inspection.

As shown in FIG. 2, the optotype 10 for stereoscopic examination has a pair of right and left pattern shapes having a rectangular shape formed by, for example, chromium etching on the optotype plate main body 10a. By providing a pair of upper and lower light transmitting portions 10L and 10R that are vertically symmetrical with respect to the axis L, and attaching polarizing films 21L and 21R with their polarization axes shifted by 90 degrees to these light transmitting portions 10L and 10R, respectively. , A pair of right and left, and a vertically symmetrically arranged polarization index.

The pair of left and right light transmitting portions 10L and 10R are
As the distance from the central optical axis L increases, the distance between them changes continuously, that is, the central optical axis L has an inverted V-shape on the upper side and a C-shape on the lower side. It is formed to present.

The visual recognition state of the left eye EL and the right eye ER in the stereoscopic inspection of the subject using the stereoscopic inspection target 10 will be described with reference to FIG.

Polarized glasses 20L, 2 for left eye EL and right eye ER
When the target 10 for stereoscopic vision inspection is visually recognized by wearing 0R, the image 30a of the polarized target including the upper light transmitting portions 10L and 10R with respect to the central optical axis L is a fusion effect of the left eye EL and the right eye ER. As a result, as shown in FIG.
The lower end is located at a position (floated) away from the surface of the optotype plate main body 10a by the distance X1, and the center optical axis L
The distance from the surface of the optotype plate main body 10a is X2, as shown in FIG.
The position is separated by (X1 <X2) and visually recognized. In other words, apparently, the image 30a of the polarized visual target appears continuously by the left eye EL and the right eye ER so that the side close to the central optical axis L exists in the back and the side distant from the central optical axis L exists in the near side. It is visually recognized in a different state.

The light transmitting portion 10 on the lower side with respect to the central optical axis L
The image 30b of the polarization target including L and 10R has a strip shape similarly to the case of the image 30a of the polarization target, and this image 3b
0a is visually recognized in a vertically symmetric arrangement with respect to the central optical axis L. In other words, the image 30b of the polarization target is apparently closer to the center optical axis L (distance X1) by the left eye EL and right eye ER, and is closer to the side (distance X1) away from the center optical axis L.
It is visually perceived in a state in which the sense of depth is continuously different as in 2).

According to the first embodiment, the images 30a and 30b of the polarized visual target are apparently arranged vertically with respect to the central optical axis L and have a continuously changing depth. In other words, the target 1 for stereoscopic examination
With only 0, the stereoscopic inspection of the left eye EL and the right eye ER can be performed based on a state where the parallax is continuously changed.

(Embodiment 2) Next, an optotype 40 for stereoscopic examination according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The target 40 for stereoscopic inspection shown in FIGS.
Although the basic configuration is substantially the same as that of the above-described optotype 10 for stereoscopic examination, the optotype 40 for stereoscopic examination has an optotype plate main body 40a in which the distance between the optotypes is the center optical axis. The light transmitting portions 40L, 41L, 42L, and the light transmitting portions, each of which has a pair of left and right arrangements that change stepwise (increase) stepwise in accordance with the distance from L, and each have a stepped rectangular shape continuous over three steps. The portions 40R, 41R, and 42R are formed by a method such as chrome etching, and the light transmitting portions 40L, 40R, and 41R are formed.
As in the first embodiment, polarizing films (not shown) whose polarization axes are shifted from each other by 90 degrees are attached to L, 41R, 42L, and 42R, respectively, and these are arranged vertically symmetrically with respect to the central optical axis L. It is characterized in that it is formed to form a polarization target.

At the time of a stereoscopic examination of the subject using the optotype 40 for the stereoscopic examination, the visual recognition state of the fused image of the left eye EL and the right eye ER wearing the polarizing glasses 20L and 20R is shown in FIG. It becomes as shown in.

That is, a pair of upper and lower polarized optotype images 50 including the light transmitting portions 40L and 40R on the near side with respect to the central optical axis L.
a, 50a are obtained by the fusion action of the left eye EL and the right eye ER,
As shown in FIG. 6, the position is apparently separated from the surface of the optotype plate main body 40 a by the distance X1 (emerged),
The images 51a, 51a of the pair of upper and lower polarized light targets including the light transmission portions 41L, 41R at the next stage are located (floated) at a distance X2 (X1 <X2) from the surface of the target plate main body 40a, and are centered. The light transmitting portion 4 farthest from the optical axis L
A pair of upper and lower polarized visual targets 52a, 5a including 2L, 42R
2a is a distance X3 (X2 <
X3) apart (emerged).

According to the second embodiment, the polarized target images 50a, 51a, and 52a are apparently arranged vertically with respect to the central optical axis L and have a sense of depth that changes stepwise. In other words, in other words, it is possible to perform the stereoscopic inspection of the left eye EL and the right eye ER based on only the stereoscopic inspection optotype 40 based on a state in which the parallax is gradually changed.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 7 shows an optotype projection type visual acuity table presentation apparatus 100.
8 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

A visual acuity chart presentation apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment.
In the apparatus main body 60, various optometrists including the optotype 10 for stereoscopic vision inspection are arranged in a circular arrangement, and each is arranged so that light can be transmitted therethrough. A plate 71, an illumination system 72 for irradiating illumination light to each of the optotypes on the rotary plate 71, and a target image of each of the optotypes including the test target 10 for stereoscopic vision of the rotary plate 71. And a target optical system 73 that forms an image at a visible position.

The illumination system 72 includes a light source lamp 75, a reflection mirror 76, a condenser lens system 77, and a filter 78. The light from the light source lamp 75 is reflected by the reflection mirror 76, and the condenser lens Each target including the target 10 for stereoscopic inspection of the rotating plate 71 is illuminated via the system 77 and the filter 78.

The target optical system 73 includes a reflecting mirror 81.
, A half mirror 82, and a concave mirror 83, and a light beam from each target illuminated by the illumination system 72 is reflected by the reflection mirror 81, and the half mirror 82, the concave mirror 83
By emitting a light beam toward the eye E through the above, images of various optotypes including the stereoscopic inspection optotype 10 are formed as virtual images at a distance of, for example, 5 m from the eye E. I have. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 60a denotes an opening provided in the apparatus main body 60 for peeping the eye E to be inspected.

As shown in FIG. 8, in addition to the stereoscopic visual inspection target 10, the hiragana target group 9 is provided on the rotating plate 71.
1. Landolt ring optotype group 92, polarization test optotype group 9
3. A red-green test target group 94, an astigmatism test target group 95, and the like are provided. In a visual acuity chart presenting apparatus configured as a visual target projection method as in the third embodiment, the left eye EL and the right eye ER of the subject are three-dimensionally displayed using the visual target 10 (or 40) for stereoscopic inspection. When performing visual inspection, the visual target 1 for stereoscopic inspection arranged on the rotating plate 71 that is driven to rotate.
0 is illuminated with illumination light from the illumination system 72 so that the target optical system 7
3 to form an image of the optotype 10 for stereoscopic examination at a position where the left eye EL and the right eye ER can visually recognize the left eye E.
L, the right eye ER is an image 3 of the target 10 for stereoscopic examination.
0a and 30b can be visually recognized with a sense of depth that is apparently arranged vertically with respect to the central optical axis L and continuously changes, so that only the optotype 10 for stereoscopic inspection is provided on the rotating plate 71. Thus, the left eye EL,
The stereoscopic inspection of the right eye ER can be performed based on a state where the parallax is continuously changed.

When the target 40 for stereoscopic inspection is arranged on the rotating plate 71, as in the case of the second embodiment,
The stereoscopic examination of the left eye EL and the right eye ER can be performed based on only the stereoscopic examination optotype 40 on the rotating plate 71 based on a state where the parallax is gradually changed.

(Embodiment 4) Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The optotype for stereoscopic examination according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 has a panel-type optotype plate main body 111 in which the interval between them changes continuously according to the distance from the center optical axis position. Polarized optotypes 112L and 112R that generate optotype images with a parallax that continuously changes according to the distance from the center optical axis in an apparently up-and-down arrangement, and FIG. As shown in FIG.
And a slidable polarization target 112 arranged in a vertically slidable manner with respect to the target plate main body 111.
A mask member 113 for changing the exposure position of the L, 112R in the up and down direction so as to be able to change the apparent amount of floating of the optotype image from the optotype main body 111 by the polarized optotypes 112L, 112R. are doing. Polarization target 112L,
112R comprises light transmitting portions 121L and 121R and polarizing films 122L and 122R, respectively.

According to this configuration, the mask member 113 is slid with only the target for stereoscopic vision inspection, thereby causing the target images formed by the polarized targets 112L and 112R to generate different parallaxes (lift amounts) while covering the target images. It is possible to realize a stereoscopic examination of the optometry, thereby simplifying the optometry operation, and further reducing the size and cost of the apparatus.

FIG. 11 shows a target 10 ′ for a stereoscopic inspection which is a modification of the target 10 for a stereoscopic inspection according to the first embodiment. The optotype 10 ′ for stereoscopic vision inspection has the same basic configuration as that of the optotype 10 for stereoscopic vision inspection of Embodiment 1, but includes a pair of left and right light transmitting portions 10L in the optotype plate main body 10a. It is characterized in that 10R is formed in a C shape on the upper side and an inverted C shape on the lower side with respect to the central optical axis L.

The visual recognition state of the image of the left eye EL and the right eye ER at the time of the stereoscopic inspection of the subject using the target 10 'for stereoscopic inspection is apparently centered on the contrary to the case of the first embodiment. It is visually recognized with a continuous sense of depth such that the side closer to the optical axis L exists in the front and the side farther from the central optical axis L exists in the back. Therefore, even when the target 10 for stereoscopic inspection is used, the stereoscopic inspection of the left eye EL and the right eye ER can be performed based on a state where the parallax is continuously changed.

Further, contrary to the target 10 'for stereoscopic inspection,
The pair of left and right light transmitting portions 10L and 10R is connected to the central optical axis L.
With respect to the above, a configuration in which the upper side is formed in an inverted C shape and the lower side is formed in a C shape may be employed.

[0044]

According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a stereoscopic examination with a continuously different parallax in a single configuration, and to perform an optometry as compared with a case where a plurality of stereoscopic examination optotypes that produce different parallaxes are used. An optotype for stereoscopic inspection can be provided which can contribute to simplification of operation, further downsizing of the apparatus, and reduction of cost.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a stereoscopic inspection with a stepwise different parallax in a single unit configuration, and as compared with the case of using a plurality of stereoscopic inspection optotypes producing different parallaxes, the optometry. An optotype for stereoscopic inspection can be provided which can contribute to simplification of operation, further downsizing of the apparatus, and reduction of cost.

Further, according to the present invention, the eye to be inspected is incorporated in an optotype display apparatus which is visually recognized at a predetermined distance or is incorporated in an optotype presenting apparatus of an optotype projection type. It is possible to provide an optotype for a stereoscopic inspection that can realize a stereoscopic inspection involving a parallax that is different from one another.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a stereoscopic vision test with continuously different parallaxes and in a state where the parallaxes can be changed. Simplification of the optometry operation compared to using
Further, it is possible to provide an optotype for stereoscopic inspection which can contribute to downsizing of the apparatus and cost reduction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a subjective optometry apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a target for stereoscopic vision according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an image forming state when the target for stereoscopic vision according to the first embodiment is visually recognized with both left and right eyes.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between a target for stereoscopic vision and an image thereof according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a target for stereoscopic vision according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an image forming state when the stereoscopic visual target according to the second embodiment of the present invention is visually recognized with both left and right eyes.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an optotype projection type visual acuity table presenting apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing a target for stereoscopic inspection according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a use state of a target for stereoscopic inspection according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a modification of the target for stereoscopic vision according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 optometry apparatus 2 optometry table 6 display unit 7 input unit 8 operation unit 10 optotype for stereoscopic examination 10 a optotype plate main body 10 L, 10 R light transmission unit 11 optometry unit 12 visual acuity table display device 20 L, 20 R polarized glasses 21 L, 21 R polarized light Film 30a Image 30b Image 40 Stereoscopic inspection optotype 40a Optotype plate main body 40L, 40R Light transmitting portion 41L, 41R Light transmitting portion 42L, 42R Light transmitting portion 50a Image 51a Image 52a Image 60 Device main body 70 Drive motor 71 Rotating plate 72 Illumination system 73 Optotype optical system 75 Light source lamp 76 Reflecting mirror 77 Condensing lens system 78 Filter 81 Reflecting mirror 82 Half mirror 83 Concave mirror 100 Visual acuity table presentation device 111 Optotype plate main body 112L, 112R Polarized optotype 113 Mask member E Cover Optometry EL Left eye ER Right eye L Central optical axis

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuro Yokoi 75-1 Hasunumacho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo Inside Topcon Corporation

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An optotype for a stereoscopic examination, in which polarized optotypes for a left eye and a right eye, which are separately arranged, are visually recognized and inspected through polarizing glasses. Consists of a pair of left and right arrangements that change continuously according to the distance from the center optical axis position, and apparently has a parallax that changes continuously according to the distance from the center optical axis in an up and down arrangement. An optotype for stereoscopic examination, wherein a polarization optotype for generating a paired optotype image is provided. 2. The optotype plate main body is incorporated as one of a panel-type optotype group of an optotype display device in which an eye to be inspected visually recognizes at a predetermined distance, or an optotype projection type. 2. The optotype for stereoscopic inspection according to claim 1, wherein various optotype groups in the optotype presenting apparatus are incorporated as one of the optotypes in a circular plate arranged in a circular arrangement. 3. An optotype for stereoscopic examination, in which polarized optotypes for the left eye and the right eye, which are separately arranged, are visually recognized and inspected through polarizing glasses. Are formed over a plurality of stages, each in a pair of left and right arrangements that change stepwise according to the distance from the center optical axis position, and apparently change stepwise according to the distance from the center optical axis in an up-down arrangement A stereoscopic visual inspection target, comprising: a polarization target for generating a target image with a parallax in a plurality of stages. 4. The optotype plate main body is incorporated as one of a panel type optotype group of an optotype display device in which an eye to be examined visually recognizes at a predetermined distance, or an optotype projection type. 4. The optotype for stereoscopic inspection according to claim 3, wherein various optotype groups in the optotype presenting apparatus are incorporated as one of the optotypes in a circular plate arranged in a circular arrangement. 5. An optotype for stereoscopic examination, in which polarized optotypes for the left eye and the right eye, which are separately arranged, are visually recognized through polarizing glasses for inspection. The distance between the left and right arrangements is continuously changed according to the distance from the center optical axis position, and apparently, the parallax that changes continuously according to the distance from the center optical axis in the up and down arrangement is apparent. A polarization target for generating an associated target image, and a slide target disposed on the target plate body, and changing the exposure position of the paired polarization target in the vertical direction to lift the paired target image. A target for stereoscopic examination, comprising a mask member capable of changing the amount.