JP2002293105A - Wheel cover for automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem in a wheel cover for an automobile mounted on a road wheel wherein decorativeness is impaired by an erroneous operation using a tool, in forming a pseudo nut similar to the wheel nut, etc., and a technology is asked for preventing it from impairing. SOLUTION: This is the wheel cover for the automobile in which a minimum inner diameter dimension a of an opening end edge 32d of a recessed part 32 formed so as to be recessed from a surface side of a cover main body 31 formed into a substantially disc shape by synthetic resin and a maximum outer diameter dimension b connecting vertexes 33a facing across a center point of the pseudo nut 33 formed at the inside of the recessed part 32 are made substantially equal or the maximum outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut is made slightly smaller.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automobile wheel cover mounted on a road wheel of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 12A and 12B show a conventional wheel cover. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a road wheel of an automobile, 2 denotes a wheel disk, 3 denotes a hub nut, 4 denotes a wheel nut, 5 denotes a wheel rim, 6 denotes a tire, and 7 denotes a wheel cover. The wheel cover 7 is mainly composed of a cover main body 8 formed in a substantially disc shape from a synthetic resin, and a wheel protruding from a plurality of locations on the outer peripheral portion of the cover main body 8 toward the back surface 8a of the cover main body 8. The stop piece 9 is fitted to the outside of the wheel rim 5 so that the wheel disc 2, the hub nut 3, the wheel nut 4, and the like are covered by the cover body 8 so as not to be exposed to the outside of the vehicle. Has become. In FIG. 12B, reference numeral 10 denotes a ring-shaped wire, which maintains the distance between the locking pieces 9 facing the cover body 8 in the radial direction and attaches each locking piece 9 to the wheel rim 5. It functions as an urging member. The wheel cover 7 is provided with a protrusion 9 a protruding radially outward of the wheel cover 7 from each locking piece 9 over a substantially entire circumference of the outer portion of the wheel rim 5 in the circumferential direction.
By engaging the wheel rim 5 from the center in the radial direction, the wheel rim 5 is not easily detached from the wheel rim 5 to the outside of the vehicle. To remove the wheel cover 7, the tool 12 is placed between the outer peripheral portion of the cover body 8 and the wheel rim 5.
(See FIG. 12B).

[0003]

However, there is a demand for a wheel cover to resemble a metal wheel such as an aluminum wheel. Depending on the color and the shape of the surface of the cover body (the surface directed toward the outside of the vehicle), the aluminum wheel or the like is required. Form a design close to that of a metal wheel. Further, by integrally molding the shape of the nut (simulated nut 13 in FIGS. 12A and 12B) similar to a wheel nut or the like for attaching the load wheel to the hub, the design becomes closer to the real thing. However, if a pseudo nut is formed on the wheel cover, for example, when replacing a tire, mounting a chain on a snowy road, or the like, the user misunderstands the pseudo nut as a real nut and tries to rotate it using a vehicle-mounted tool, and the pseudo nut is turned on. There is a possibility that the decorativeness of the wheel cover may be lost by breaking or scratching the nut. For example, a pseudo nut designed to resemble a wheel nut that attaches a road wheel to a hub is inserted into the socket of a wheel nut wrench, which is a vehicle-mounted tool for rotating a real wheel nut, and is then rotated. May be destroyed or damaged.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has an in-vehicle tool (particularly, a standard tool which is an accessory at the time of purchase of an automobile) or a general commercially available tool erroneously fitted into a pseudo nut. An object of the present invention is to provide an automobile wheel cover that can prevent damage to a dummy nut and can secure a design similar to a real nut to the dummy nut by eliminating the nut.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
An automobile wheel cover attached to a road wheel, comprising: a cover body formed in a substantially disc shape from a synthetic resin; a recess having a shape recessed from a surface side of the cover body; and a side wall of the recess from a bottom surface of the recess. A pseudo nut, which protrudes toward the cover body surface side with a gap between the cover part and the polygonal shape as viewed from the cover body surface side, is formed, and a minimum inner diameter dimension of an opening edge of the concave portion is formed. a is substantially equal to the outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut connecting the vertices opposite to each other with the center point of the pseudo nut interposed therebetween, or the outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut is slightly smaller. Features. The invention described in claim 2 is claim 1
In the above-mentioned vehicle wheel cover, the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the opening edge of the concave portion and the two opposite surface widths d of the pseudo nut have a relationship of (a / d) ≦ 1.21. And The invention according to claim 3 is a vehicle wheel cover attached to a road wheel, wherein a cover body formed into a substantially disk shape by a synthetic resin has a concave portion recessed from the surface side of the cover body; A pseudo nut having a gap between a bottom surface of the concave portion and a side wall portion of the concave portion and protruding toward the surface of the cover body and having a polygonal shape when viewed from the surface side of the cover body; A rib bridging between at least one portion of the outer peripheral surface of the nut and the side wall of the concave portion is formed. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle wheel cover according to the third aspect, at least a portion of the outer side end surface of the rib located near the pseudo nut is a bottom side of the concave portion from an opening edge of the concave portion. It is characterized in that it is in a position where it is lowered. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the automobile wheel cover according to the third or fourth aspect, the rib is formed so as to bridge between a side wall of the concave portion and a vertex of the polygonal pseudo nut. It is characterized by having. The invention according to claim 6 is an automobile wheel cover attached to a road wheel, wherein a cover body formed in a substantially disk shape by a synthetic resin has a concave portion having a shape recessed from the surface side of the cover body.
A pseudo nut having a polygonal shape when viewed from the cover body surface side while projecting toward the cover body surface side with a gap between the bottom surface of the recess and the side wall of the recess is formed, When the minimum inner diameter of the opening edge of the concave portion is a, and the outer diameter of the socket portion of the wheel nut wrench attached to the vehicle to which the automobile wheel cover is attached is c, a <c. Features. The invention according to claim 7 is an automobile wheel cover attached to a road wheel, wherein a cover body formed into a substantially disc shape by a synthetic resin has a concave portion recessed from the surface side of the cover body, and A pseudo nut having a gap between a bottom surface of the concave portion and a side wall portion of the concave portion and protruding toward the surface of the cover main body and having a polygonal shape when viewed from the surface side of the cover main body; A <b, where a is the minimum inner diameter of the opening edge of the pseudo nut, and b is the outer diameter of the pseudo nut connecting the vertices opposite each other across the center point of the pseudo nut. .

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An automobile wheel cover according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle wheel cover 20 of the present embodiment (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “wheel cover 20”) is attached to the outside of the road wheel of the vehicle, and is substantially evenly made of synthetic resin. A plurality of pseudo nuts 22 resembling wheel nuts are formed in the center of the cover body 21 formed in a substantially disc shape with the thickness of the cover body 21 and on the vehicle outer side. Each of the following embodiments describes a specific configuration of the wheel cover 20. The difference between the embodiments is that a recess formed in the cover body and a pseudo nut formed inside the recess are formed. The specific shape is different. The configuration other than the concave portion and the pseudo nut in each embodiment is the same as the wheel cover shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B (however, the reference numerals assigned to the cover body and the like are different).

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a wheel nut wrench 23 as an example of a vehicle-mounted tool. Dimension c in FIG.
Is the outer diameter of the socket portion 24 of the wheel nut wrench 23.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 3 to 5 are views showing the vicinity of a concave portion 32 and a pseudo nut 33 formed in a cover main body 31 of a wheel cover according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a plan view of the cover main body 31 as viewed from the front surface 31a side, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line SA-SA of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line SB-SB in FIG. 3. The recess 32
Moves the cover body 31 from the front surface 31a side to the back surface 31b.
The surface 31a is formed by a portion formed into a shape protruding to the side.
From the pseudo nut 33.
Is a portion formed so that the cover main body 31 rises from the bottom surface 32a of the concave portion 32 and has a gap 34 between itself and the side wall portion 32b of the concave portion 32 and protrudes toward the cover main body surface 31a side. It is. The recess 32 has a hexagonal inner surface shape in plan view, and the pseudo nut 33 is also formed in plan view hexagonal shape. Each vertex of the hexagon of the concave portion 32 (each corner 32 c of the inner surface of the concave portion 32) extends from a center point 35 which is a position of the central axis of the pseudo nut 33 in plan view, and each vertex of the hexagon of the pseudo nut 33 in plan view. It is located on each virtual straight line passing through 33a (for example, the SA-SA line in FIG. 3). In addition, the concave portion is formed in a shape depressed from the surface of the cover main body by a portion formed by projecting the cover main body from the front surface side to the rear surface side, and the pseudo nut stands from the bottom surface of the concave portion. It is common to each of the other embodiments that the cover main body is formed to have a shape protruding toward the surface of the cover main body with a gap between the cover main body and the side wall of the concave portion.

A pair of vertexes 33 facing each other across the center point 35 in the pseudo nut 33 is shown by a line SA-SA in FIG.
a and a pair of entry corners 32c. SB- in FIG.
The SB line is orthogonal to the two side surfaces 33b opposed to each other across the center point 35 in the pseudo nut 33, and the side wall portion 32b opposed to each side surface 33b via the gap 34.
Is also orthogonal to the inner surface of. As shown in FIG. 5, the distance a between the opening edges 32d of the recess 32 in the cross section along the line SB-SB is the opening edge 32d of the recess 32.
(Hereinafter sometimes referred to as “minimum inner diameter a”).

In the wheel cover of this embodiment, FIG.
As shown in the figure, the outer diameter b (maximum outer diameter) of the pseudo nut 33, which is the distance between a pair of vertexes 33a opposed to each other across the center point 35 of the pseudo nut 33, and the minimum inner diameter a of the recess 32 (See FIG. 5) (ie, a =
b). If the pseudo nut 33 is to be turned using the wheel nut wrench 23 illustrated in FIG. 2, at least the outer diameter dimension c is smaller than the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the recess 32 (that is, b> c). It is necessary to select and use one provided with the socket portion 24. Even if the socket portion 24 that satisfies the relationship of b> c is adopted, the aforementioned a
= B, the socket portion 24 cannot be fitted into the concave portion 32.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a comparative example, in which the minimum inner diameter a of the recess H is larger than the maximum outer dimension b of the pseudo nut N.
(See FIG. 5) is a case where the socket portion 24 can be inserted into the gap S between the pseudo nut N and the side wall portion of the concave portion H, which is sufficiently large. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, the socket portion 24 is configured such that the wall portion having the thickness t between the nut housing portion 24 a (see FIG. 2) for housing the nut and the outer surface 24 b of the socket portion 24 is formed as a pseudo nut If the dummy nut N can be inserted into the gap S between the recess N and the inner surface of the concave portion H, the dummy nut N can be housed in the nut housing portion 24a and the socket portion 24 can be engaged with the dummy nut N. The dimensional difference between the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the recess H and the maximum outer dimension b of the dummy nut N is the thickness t of the wall of the socket part 24.
If it is larger than (ab> t), the socket portion 24 can be fitted into the pseudo nut 33.

However, as shown in FIGS.
If the relationship between the maximum outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut 33 and the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the recess 32 is a = b, the socket portion 24 is
Even if the outer diameter c satisfies the relationship a> c with the minimum inner diameter a of the recess 32, the gap 34 is not required unless the thickness of the wall portion is substantially not present in the socket portion 24.
Can not be inserted into Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to reliably prevent the pseudo nut 33 from being erroneously turned by the tool (wheel nut wrench 23). In addition, since a sufficient gap 34 is secured between the pseudo nut 33 and the inner surface of the concave portion 32, a design close to the real thing in appearance can be secured.

When the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the recess is larger than the maximum outer dimension b of the dummy nut, the dimensional difference between the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the recess and the maximum outer dimension b of the dummy nut is determined by the wall portion of the socket portion 24. Is smaller than the wall thickness t (that is, a−
As long as b <t) is satisfied, the relationship is not limited to the above-described relationship of a = b. Even if the maximum outer dimension b of the pseudo nut is set smaller than the minimum inner dimension a of the concave portion, the gap 34 is not changed. Can be reliably prevented from being inserted into the socket portion 24. a−b <t
It is possible to adjust the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the concave portion and the maximum outer dimension b of the pseudo nut within a range in which is maintained, whereby a design closer to a real nut can be formed. By the way, a wheel nut wrench included in a vehicle-mounted tool (especially a standard tool which is an accessory at the time of purchase of a car) is provided with a space between two opposing surfaces of a nut 25 which is rotated by inserting and engaging a socket portion. Dimension ratio (c / d) of the dimension (see FIG. 7; two surface widths d) to the socket part outer diameter c
Is at least 1.21. Therefore, if the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the opening edge of the concave portion of the wheel cover and the two opposite widths d of the pseudo nut 33 satisfy the relationship of (a / d) ≦ 1.21, the socket for the pseudo nut 33 Part 24
Erroneous insertion can be prevented. With the configuration of (a / d) ≦ 1.21, almost all of the commercially available wheel nut wrenches are also used for the socket portion 2 with respect to the pseudo nut 33.
4 can be prevented from being erroneously inserted.

(Second Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 8, in a second embodiment according to the present invention, the maximum outer diameter b of the pseudo nut 33 is slightly larger than the minimum inner diameter a of the recess 32. (That is, a <b). Also in this embodiment, it goes without saying that the socket portion 24 of the wheel nut wrench 23 cannot be inserted outside the dummy nut 33.

(Third Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 9, a third embodiment according to the present invention is a
3 is a concave portion 37 whose opening edge 36 is circular in plan view.
Is formed inside. In this embodiment, the maximum outer diameter b of the pseudo nut 33 matches the minimum inner diameter a of the recess 37 (that is, a = b), and each vertex 33a of the pseudo nut 33 is connected to the opening edge 36 of the recess 37. Contact or continuous. Also in this embodiment, it goes without saying that the socket portion 24 of the wheel nut wrench 23 cannot be inserted outside the dummy nut 33.

(Fourth Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 10, according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, a minimum inner diameter dimension a of a concave portion 39 whose opening edge 38 is hexagonal in a plan view, A hexagonal pseudo nut 33 formed inside the inner surface of the 39
Is the same as the first embodiment in that the maximum outer diameter dimension b is a = b, but each vertex 33a of the pseudo nut 33 is located between the adjacent entry corners 39a of the opening edge 38. The central part of the extending side 40 is in contact with or continuous. Therefore, also in this embodiment, it goes without saying that the socket portion 24 of the wheel nut wrench 23 cannot be inserted outside the dummy nut 33.

(Fifth Embodiment) As shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b), a fifth embodiment according to the present invention is such that a side wall 42 of the recess 41 is provided inside a recess 41 formed in the cover body. A pseudo nut 33 formed with a gap 43 between the
Rib 44 for bridging between the side wall 42 of the recess 41
Are formed at a plurality of locations on the outer peripheral surface of the pseudo nut 33. 11A and 11B, the rib 44
Corresponds to the apex 33a of the dummy nut 33 and the intermediate position between the adjacent apex 33a on each of the six side surfaces 33b of the dummy nut 33. The rib 44 extends along the outer peripheral direction of the dummy nut 33. Formed at a total of 12 locations. In this embodiment, erroneous insertion of the socket portion 24 of the wheel nut wrench 23 can be reliably prevented by the ribs 44. Also, the outer end surface 44a of the rib 44
From the opening edge 41 a of the recess 41 to the pseudo nut 33.
The bottom surface 41b of the concave portion 41 gradually goes to the side.
At the boundary between the rib 44 and the pseudo nut 33,
It is located at a position lower than the opening edge 41 a of the recess 41 toward the bottom surface 41 b of the recess 41. In such a configuration, when the wheel cover is viewed from the outside of the vehicle, the pseudo nut 33 looks three-dimensional, and a more realistic design can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. In the above embodiment,
As the pseudo nut, a configuration in which the shape of the wheel cover viewed from the surface side of the cover main body is hexagonal (substantially regular hexagon) has been exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, from the surface side of the cover main body. A pseudo nut having a polygonal shape (regular polygonal shape) such as a dodecagonal shape (regular dodecagonal shape) can be adopted. FIGS. 11A and 11B illustrate a configuration in which ribs for bridging between the side wall of the recess and the pseudo nut are formed at a total of 12 places between the side wall of the recess and the pseudo nut. However, the number of ribs bridging between the side wall of the recess and the pseudo nut in the gap may be one or more,
Thus, the fitting of the socket portion of the wheel nut wrench into the pseudo nut can be prevented. However, by design,
In order to make it more like a real nut, at least
It is effective to form ribs for bridging between each vertex of the pseudo nut and the side wall of the concave portion, and further, the outer end surface of each rib is located at a position lower to the concave bottom side near the pseudo nut. Is more effective.

[0019]

As described above, according to the automobile wheel cover according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the minimum inner diameter a of the opening edge of the concave portion and the center point of the pseudo nut are opposed to each other. The fitting of the wheel nut wrench to the pseudo nut can be prevented by the dimensional relationship with the outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut connecting the apexes. The invention according to claim 6 prevents the fitting of the wheel nut wrench into the pseudo nut by the dimensional relationship between the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the opening edge of the recess and the outer diameter c of the wheel nut wrench. According to the present invention, the fitting of the wheel nut wrench into the pseudo nut can be prevented by the relationship between the minimum inner diameter dimension a of the opening edge of the recess and the outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut. According to the third to fifth aspects of the present invention, the fitting of the wheel nut wrench to the pseudo nut can be prevented by the rib formed in the gap between the side wall of the recess formed in the cover main body and the pseudo nut. By preventing erroneous insertion of the wheel nut wrench into the pseudo nut, damage to the pseudo nut due to erroneous insertion can be eliminated. Further, according to the configuration of the present invention, there is an advantage that a design close to a real nut can be secured to the pseudo nut.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which an automobile wheel cover according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a road wheel.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a wheel nut wrench for rotating a wheel nut provided on the road wheel of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the vicinity of a concave portion and a pseudo nut formed in the cover main body of the automobile wheel cover according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the front side of the cover main body.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line SA-SA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line SB-SB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the vicinity of a concave portion and a pseudo nut formed in a cover main body of an automobile wheel cover of a comparative example, as viewed from the front side of the cover main body.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a nut to which the wheel nut wrench is applied, and shows a width across two faces of the nut.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the vicinity of a concave portion and a pseudo nut formed in a cover main body of a vehicle wheel cover according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the front side of the cover main body.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the vicinity of a concave portion and a pseudo nut formed in a cover main body of a vehicle wheel cover according to a third embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the surface side of the cover main body.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of the vicinity of a concave portion and a pseudo nut formed in a cover main body of a vehicle wheel cover according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the front side of the cover main body.

11A and 11B are views showing the vicinity of a concave portion and a pseudo nut formed in a cover main body of an automobile wheel cover according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11A is a plan view seen from the front side of the cover main body. (B) is a sectional view taken along the line SC-SC in (a).

12A and 12B are diagrams illustrating a conventional vehicle wheel cover, wherein FIG. 12A is a plan view, and FIG. 12B is a front sectional view illustrating a state of attachment to a road wheel.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 20 wheel cover, 21 cover body, 22 pseudo nut, 23 wheel nut wrench, 24 socket part, 31 cover body, 31a cover body surface, 32
... recess, 32a ... bottom surface, 32b ... side wall, 32d ... opening edge, 33 ... pseudo nut, 33a ... apex, 33b ... outer peripheral surface (side surface), 34 ... gap, 35 ... center point, 36 ... opening edge, 37: concave, 38: open edge, 39: concave, 41:
Recess, 41a: Opening edge, 41b: Bottom surface, 42: Side wall portion, 43: Gap, 44: Rib, 44a: Vehicle end surface, a
... minimum inner diameter dimension, b ... outer diameter dimension of pseudo nut, c ... outer diameter of wheel nut wrench, d ... opposite 2 of pseudo nut
Surface width.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An automobile wheel cover attached to a road wheel, comprising: a cover body formed in a substantially disc shape from a synthetic resin; a concave portion having a shape depressed from the surface side of the cover body; and a bottom surface of the concave portion A pseudo nut protruding toward the cover body surface side with a gap between the side wall of the recess and a polygonal shape as viewed from the cover body surface side; and an opening end of the recess. The minimum inner diameter dimension a of the edge is substantially equal to the outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut connecting the vertices opposite to each other across the center point of the pseudo nut, or the outer diameter dimension b of the pseudo nut is larger. An automobile wheel cover characterized by being slightly smaller. 2. The minimum inner diameter a of the opening edge of the recess.
And the two opposite surface widths d of the pseudo nut are (a /
2. The relationship of d) .ltoreq.1.21.
The vehicle wheel cover according to the above. 3. An automobile wheel cover attached to a road wheel, comprising: a cover body formed in a substantially disc shape from a synthetic resin; a concave portion recessed from a surface side of the cover body; and a bottom surface of the concave portion And a pseudo nut which is protruded toward the cover main body side with a gap between the pseudo nut and the side wall of the concave portion and has a polygonal shape as viewed from the cover main body side, is formed. A vehicle wheel cover, wherein a rib is formed to bridge between at least one portion of the surface and a side wall of the recess. 4. The vehicle exterior end face of the rib, wherein at least a portion located in the vicinity of the pseudo nut is located at a position lowered from an opening edge of the recess to a bottom side of the recess. The vehicle wheel cover according to the above. 5. The automobile according to claim 3, wherein the rib is formed so as to bridge between a side wall portion of the concave portion and a vertex of the pseudo nut having a polygonal shape. Wheel cover. 6. An automobile wheel cover attached to a road wheel, comprising: a cover body formed in a substantially disc shape from a synthetic resin; a concave portion recessed from the surface side of the cover body; and a bottom surface of the concave portion A pseudo nut protruding toward the cover body surface side with a gap between the side wall of the recess and a polygonal shape as viewed from the cover body surface side; and an opening end of the recess. A <c, where a is the minimum inner diameter of the rim, and c is the outer diameter of the socket portion of the wheel nut wrench attached to the vehicle to which the vehicle wheel cover is attached. Wheel cover. 7. An automobile wheel cover attached to a road wheel, comprising: a cover body formed in a substantially disc shape from a synthetic resin; a concave portion recessed from a surface side of the cover body; and a bottom surface of the concave portion A pseudo nut protruding toward the cover body surface side with a gap between the side wall of the recess and a polygonal shape as viewed from the cover body surface side; and an opening end of the recess. A <b, where a is the minimum inner diameter of the edge and b is the outer diameter of the pseudo nut that connects the vertices facing each other across the center point of the pseudo nut. cover.