JP2002290915A - Information recording medium, information recorder, recording method, reproducing device, reproducing method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an information recording medium suitable for DVD-RAM, etc., that can execute simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of reproduction sections and effect in the case of reproduction based on program chain information in the information recording medium for recording various kinds of AV streams. SOLUTION: As program chain information or independent information, effect kind information and effect range information are recorded and reproduction is executed based on the information.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a readable and writable information recording medium, and more particularly to an information recording medium on which multimedia data including various formats such as moving picture data, still picture data and audio data is recorded. Regarding the medium. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for recording and reproducing information on and from such an information recording medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, CD-ROMs, DVDs (Digital
An optical disk such as a Versatile Disc-ROM is used for recording video data (hereinafter, referred to as AV data) such as a movie in addition to being used as secondary storage of a computer. Further, as a recordable information recording medium, D
VD-RAM disk (hereinafter abbreviated as DVD-RAM)
Has been put to practical use.

In DVD, video and audio data are stored in MPEG format.
The data is compressed by two methods, and the compressed data is recorded in the form of a program stream (PS) or a transport stream (TS). Hereinafter, the conventional DVD
Will be described.

[0004] Program chain information in a DVD-ROM is information for designating the playback order of a program, which is a unit of playback of an MPEG stream. Using the program chain information enables various reproduction methods. More specifically, the information includes a reproduction order of unit data sections called cells and information on reproduction called navigation information.

In DVD-RAM, DVD-RAM
-Extending the program chain information of the ROM, the original program chain information generated by the device at the time of recording,
The user can have user-defined program chain information generated independently. As a result, a user-specific reproduction method can be determined.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the DVD described above, the present invention extends the conventional program chain information to execute an effect in the case of switching within a cell or from one cell to the next, It is an object of the present invention to provide an information recording medium that enables simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells and effect synthesis when a plurality of cells are simultaneously reproduced.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, an information recording medium according to the present invention includes a data area and a management area, and the data area includes a plurality of video object units including at least one picture. A video object consisting of a video object, a cell reproduction order information for managing a reproduction order of a cell composed of the video object, entry point information for specifying an arbitrary position with respect to the cell, and the entry point. Based on the information, effect information for applying an effect to the cell is recorded.

Further, the information recording medium of the present invention has at least one or more cells, and includes cell reproduction order information, entry point information, and effect information in units of cells.

The effect information includes at least one of an effect type, an effect execution range based on entry point information, an effect execution direction based on entry point information, and information on simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells. Contains.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (1) Optical Disk (1-1) Physical Structure of Recordable Optical Disk FIG. 1 shows the appearance and recording area of a DVD-RAM disk, which is a recordable optical disk according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the DVD-RAM disk has a lead-in area at the innermost circumference, a lead-out area at the outermost circumference, and a data area between them. In the lead-in area, a reference signal necessary for stabilizing the servo in the recording / reproducing apparatus, an identification signal with another medium and the like are recorded. The same reference signal as the lead-in area is recorded in the lead-out area.

The data area is divided into sectors (2 kbytes), which are the minimum access units. In the data area, management information for a file system, AV data, an AV data management file, non-AV data, and the like are recorded. The management information for the file system is DVD-R
This is information including the directory structure of the AM, the recording position of the file, the empty state of the data area, and the like, and is used when creating, writing, reading, or deleting a file.

In this embodiment, a description will be given of a video recording method in a DVD-RAM recorder. Note that the present invention can be implemented not only in the video recording system but also in the stream recording system. In the AV data, a unit called a video object (hereinafter abbreviated as VOB) is recorded as one file. VOB is a file generated by one continuous recording by the optical disc recording apparatus.
For example, it corresponds to all or part of a movie or all or part of a television program. The VOB is composed of a plurality of video object units (hereinafter abbreviated as VOBU).

One VOBU is an AV data portion corresponding to about 0.4 to 1.0 seconds of the reproduction time of video data, and is a GOP (Group of Pictur) in the MPEG2 standard.
The video data section called e) is included. This GOP includes an I (Intra) picture (intra-frame coded picture), a P (Predictive) picture (inter-frame forward predictive coded picture), and a B (Bidirectional picture) in the MPEG2 standard.
y Predictive) picture (inter-frame bidirectional predictive coded image), and includes at least one I picture. This enables independent reproduction of the GOP.
In particular, in the case of special playback such as fast forward playback or fast reverse playback, or playback at a specified time, an I picture in a GOP is extracted as an image to be played back, or a P or B to be extracted as a reference image and played back. The picture will be played.

The AV data management file is a DVD-RA
A file for managing all AV data in M,
Time map information and the like corresponding to VOBs on a one-to-one basis are recorded. The time map information is information that associates the playback time of the VOB with the recording position. Further, the AV data management file includes program chain information (hereinafter, PGC information), which is information indicating the playback order of VOBs.

An error correction process for a sector is performed for every 16 sectors. In the present embodiment, the ECC (Erro
A group of sectors (16 sectors) to which r Correcting Code is added is called an ECC block.

A DVD-RAM is used in a recording / reproducing apparatus in a Z-CLV (Zone-Constant Linear Velocity).
The data area is divided into a plurality of zone areas in order to realize the rotation control referred to as “data”. FIG. 2 (a) shows the DV
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a plurality of zone areas provided concentrically in a D-RAM. As shown in FIG.
Is divided into 24 zone areas of zone 0 to zone 23. Here, the zone area refers to a group of tracks accessed at the same angular velocity. In the present embodiment, 1
The zone area includes 1888 tracks. DVD-
The rotational angular velocity of the RAM is set for each zone area so as to be faster in the inner zone, and is kept constant while the optical pickup accesses in one zone. Thereby, the recording density of the DVD-RAM is increased, and the rotation control in the recording device / reproducing device is facilitated.

FIG. 2B is an explanatory diagram in which the lead-in area, the zone areas 0 to 23, and the lead-out area shown concentrically in FIG. 2A are arranged in the horizontal direction. The lead-in area and the lead-out area have a defect management area (DMA: Defect Management Area) inside. The defect management area refers to an area in which position information indicating the position of a sector in which a defect has occurred and alternative position information indicating in which of the above-mentioned alternative areas a sector replacing the defective sector exists are recorded. .

Each zone area has a user area inside thereof, and has a spare area and an unused area at the boundary. The user area refers to an area that can be used as a recording area by the file system. The replacement area is an area used when a defective sector exists.
The unused area is an area that is not used for data recording.
An unused area is provided for about two tracks. The unused area is provided because the sector address is recorded at the same position on an adjacent track in the zone, but the ZC
In the LV, since the recording position of the sector address is different in the track adjacent to the zone boundary, it is to prevent the sector address from being erroneously determined.

As described above, there are sectors not used for data recording at the zone boundaries. For this reason, the DVD-R is designed to continuously show only the sectors used for data recording.
AM is a logical sector number (LSN: Logicala) in order from the inner circumference.
l Sector Number) is assigned to a physical sector in the user area. As shown in FIG. 2C, an area for recording user data, which is constituted by sectors to which the LSN is assigned, is called a volume space.

As shown in FIG. 2D, volume structure information for treating the disk as a logical volume is recorded on the inner and outer peripheral portions of the volume space. The portion excluding the inner and outer volume structure information areas in the volume space is an area where user files are recorded, and is called a partition space. In the partition space, a logical block number (LBN: Logical Block Number) is allocated in sector units from the first sector.

FIG. 3 is a diagram hierarchically showing a relationship between a sector and an ECC block in a zone area. FIG.
As shown in (1), each zone area includes a plurality of ECC blocks. It should be noted here that, in the recording apparatus, non-AV data is allocated in areas in units of sectors, whereas AV data is allocated in units of continuous recording areas that can guarantee continuous reproduction.
The continuous recording area referred to here is an EC that does not straddle a zone boundary.
A continuous sector of a certain size (about 7 Mbytes) or more, which is an area of an integral multiple of the C block. However, when the AV data is composed of a plurality of extents, the last extent may be smaller than the certain size. The reason that the continuous recording area does not straddle the zone boundary is that if the straddle straddles the zone, the rotation angular velocity of the optical disc is changed, so that continuous reading cannot be performed. In addition, the reason why it is set to an integral multiple of the ECC block is that it is the minimum unit of the ECC processing.

FIG. 4 shows an AV recorded on a DVD-RAM.
5 shows an example of data, non-AV data, and a directory.
In the figure, an ellipse represents a directory, and a rectangle represents a file. The root directory is DVD_
It has a directory called RTAV, non-AV data of other directories and other files. DVD_RTA
V directory is VR_MOVIE. VRO, VR_
STILL. VRO, VR_AUDIO. VRO, a plurality of AV files, and VR_MANGR. IFO, V
R_MANGER. BUP, which is an AV data management file. AV file VR_MOVIE. V
RO, VR_STILL. VRO, VR_AUDIO.
VRO is recorded in the data area.

(1.2) AV Data Management File FIG. 5 shows the AV data management file (VR_
MANGR. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram hierarchically showing recorded contents of an IFO). As shown in FIG. 5, the AV data management file is A
V file management table 820, PGC information table 8
30. FIG. 6 shows the logical connection between these tables and VOBs. The PGC information table 830 includes information indicating a list of titles recorded on the DVD-RAM, information for specifying a plurality of data to be reproduced simultaneously, and transmittance information for synthesizing the main video information and the sub video information. ,
Effect information, which is processing reproduction information at the start and end of each cell, is included. Here, the title includes a program recorded by the user in the recording device, a title created by editing by the user, and the like.

The AV file management table 820 stores
This is information indicating the correspondence between the playback time of the file, that is, the VOB, and the recording position.
1, 822... Are recorded. The VOB information 821, 822,...
VOB general information indicating unique information, and time map information for associating the playback time of the VOB with the recording position are included.

The VOB general information 821a includes a VOB identifier for indicating which VOB the VOB information corresponds to,
This is information indicating the playback time of the corresponding VOB. The time map information 821b includes the above-described first time table and second time table. As shown in FIG. 6, the first time table (time map table) includes, for each playback time at a certain time interval (for example, 10 seconds) on the time axis starting from the beginning of the VOB, for each playback time. It is a table in which time maps # 1, # 2,... Indicating the recording position (sector address) of the VOBU at the reproduction time are arranged.

Second time table (VOBU table)
As shown in FIG. 6, is a table in which VOBU maps including the VOBU playback time and the VOBU data size are arranged in the order of the playback time from the beginning of the VOB. PGC
The information table 830 includes a plurality of PGC information (PGCI).
831, 832... PGCI
. Are a table in which information (referred to as cells) indicating video sections in a VOB specified by a set of a start time and an end time is arranged in the order of reproduction time. It represents a series of AV data obtained by logically connecting in the arrangement order.

An MPEG program stream (in the case of video recording) cell on the information recording medium,
When MPEG transport stream (in the case of stream recording) cells are mixed, the PGC may be restricted so that these cells are not mixed.

FIG. 7 shows the data structure of the PGCI. PGCI includes PGC general information (PGC_GI), program information (PGI), and cell information search pointer (C
I_SRP) and cell information (CI). PGC
_GI includes the number of programs (PG_Ns) and the number of cell information search pointers (CI_SRP_Ns).
The GI records information on the program.
The CI includes cell general information (C_GI), cell entry point information (C_EPI), and effect type (C_EP_EF_T) for each entry point in the cell.
P), and the effect range (C_EP_EF_RG) of the effect for each entry point in the cell.

Cell attribute information (C_ATB) is stored in C_GI.
(Not shown). C_ATB includes information indicating whether the cell is a moving image cell, a still image cell, a caption data cell, a digital data cell, or an audio data cell.

The types of effects specified by C_EP_EF_TP are fade-in, fade-out, wipe, dissolve, α blend, audio-only playback, audio cut, and the like. Alternatively, information indicating which of the two reproduction sections is targeted is also included.

The C_EP_EF_RG is a range (S) that shifts the playback section behind the corresponding entry point forward and overlaps the playback section before the corresponding entry point.
L_RG) and the effect effect duration range (TR_RG). Here, SL_RG and TR_RG are specified by time or a recording address.

If the decoder has recorded a stream whose contents can be understood, the range specification unit may be specified by the data packet arrival time (ATS) in the stream.

C_EP_EF_TP, C_EP_EF_
The type of effect, the target playback section, the amount of overlapping playback section, and the effect effect generation range are determined by RG as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 8, five cells C # 1-C # 5
Exists. Among them, three cells C # 1, C # 3, C #
For # 4, there are four entry points per cell. For cell # 1, entry point ENT # 1 is designated at time t1, and entry point ENT # 2 is designated at time t3. Further, entry point ENT # 1 is designated for cell # 3 at time t5, and entry point E is designated for cell # 4 at time t7.
NT # 1 is specified.

Here, the effect of cell # 1 is cell # 1.
Entry point ENT # 1 with single playback of entry point ENT # 1
From time t1 to time t2, the effect is applied in the backward direction. Similarly, from time t3 of entry point ENT # 2 to time t4, the effect is applied in the backward direction while cell # 1 is reproduced in a single state. The type of effect can be specified separately by a parameter.

Next, simultaneous reproduction and effects of cell # 2 and cell # 3 will be described. In cell # 3, entry point ENT # 1 is specified at time t5, and from time t5 to time t7, cell # 2 and cell # 3 are simultaneously reproduced in an overlapping manner. The overlapping range is separately set by a parameter. Further, in the state of simultaneous reproduction, the effect is further applied in the backward direction from time t5 to time t6. cell#
No. 4 entry point ENT # 1 is specified at time t7, and from time t7 to time t8, cell # 3 and cell # 3
4 are reproduced simultaneously and overlapped.

Here, referring to FIG. 9,
Various parameters for effect control will be described in detail.

For the two effects of cell # 1, time t1 and time t2 are designated as entry points C_EPI. Since the cell # 1 is a single reproduction, “0” is specified in SL_RG. Next, the effect range TR_R
As G, the time from t2 to t1 and the time from t4 to t3 are specified, and the backward direction is specified as the effect direction. In addition, the effect types “a” and “b” are designated, respectively. Here, the specific effect types are fade-in, fade-out, wipe,
It includes at least one of a wipe direction, a dissolve, a volume change, a sound only, an α blend, and a transmittance specification. Further, in addition to effect reproduction based on the entry point of a single cell, simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells or a combination of simultaneous reproduction and effect reproduction may be designated.

In simultaneous reproduction of cell # 2 and cell # 3 and effect reproduction, parameters are set as follows. Time t5 is designated as entry point C_EPI. Since the cell # 2 and the cell # 3 are reproduced simultaneously and overlapped, “t7−t5” is designated in SL_RG as an overlapping range starting from the time t5. By this designation, from time t5 to time t7 designated by the entry point,
The rear cell # 3 is at least partially overlapped with the front cell # 2 and is reproduced simultaneously.

Next, as an effect range TR_RG,
The time from t6 to t5 is designated, the backward direction is designated as the effect direction, and the effect type is designated as "c". Specific effect types include at least one of fade-in, fade-out, wipe, wipe direction, dissolve, volume change, audio only, α blend, and transmittance specification as described above. By these designations, an effect is applied together with the simultaneous reproduction of the cell # 2 and the cell # 3 from the time t5 to the time t6, and the cell # 2 and the cell # 3 are simultaneously reproduced without the effect from the time t6 to the time t7.

Simultaneous reproduction of cell # 3 and cell # 4 is controlled in the same manner as the simultaneous reproduction of cell # 2 and cell # 3. Time t7 is designated as entry point C_EPI. Since cell # 3 and cell # 4 are reproduced simultaneously and overlapped,
SL_RG includes “t” as an overlapping range starting from time t7.
8-t7 ". With this designation, from time t7 to time t8 specified by the entry point, the rear cell # 4 is at least partially overlapped with the front cell # 3, and is reproduced simultaneously. Since no effect is applied, the effect range TR_RG, the effect direction, and the effect type are not specified.

By setting the parameters described above, FIG.
The simultaneous reproduction and effect control of a plurality of cells can be realized individually or in combination for the cells # 1, # 2, # 3, and # 4 indicated by.

In the above embodiment, the number of cells for simultaneous reproduction is two, but the number of cells for simultaneous reproduction is described. However, by appropriately combining the entry point C_EPI, the simultaneous reproduction range SL_RG, the effect type designation parameter, and the like,
Simultaneous reproduction with two or more cells can also be realized. For example, entry point ENT # 1 of cell C # 4
Is set to a time between times t6 and t7, the three cells of the beginning of cell C # 4, the end of cell C # 2, and the center of cell C # 3 Are played simultaneously.

As described in detail above, in the information recording medium of the present invention, in the management area, entry point information for specifying an arbitrary position with respect to a cell composed of video objects, and effect information for applying an effect to a cell Is recorded. Further, the effect information includes at least one of an effect type, an effect execution range based on the entry point information, an effect execution direction based on the entry point information, and information on simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells.

With these configurations, 1) effect reproduction in an arbitrary designated range at an arbitrary designated position (entry point) in cell units, 2) simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells in a designated range, and 3) simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells in a designated range. Combination of simultaneous playback and effect playback of a specified range. 4) For the same video object used in different cells,
Different effect reproduction and 5) effect reproduction at the time of jump reproduction to an entry point can be realized.

Here, it is specified that a plurality of playback sections are played back simultaneously by shifting the backward playback section forward by SL_RG, but the number of playback sections that can be played back simultaneously is limited by the number of decoders of the playback device. Is done. For example, in the case of a playback device having two moving image decoders and two audio decoders, a maximum of two moving images and two sounds can be reproduced simultaneously. If the SL_RG has information requesting simultaneous playback of a number exceeding the limit of the playback device, the playback section exceeding the limit is not played. At this time, SL_R
G takes a value equal to or greater than 0. If G is 0, continuous playback of a playback section is performed. If G takes a value greater than 0, simultaneous playback of a plurality of playback sections is performed.

At the time of reproduction, the reproduction device performs all C_EP_EF_TP, C
By reading _EP_EF_RG in advance and generating information of the playback section, simultaneous playback of a plurality of playback sections becomes possible. For example, if there are two pieces of information that are played back simultaneously, one piece of information is a moving picture, and the other piece is audio, the dubbing effect can be obtained by selecting an appropriate effect. Yes, by selecting an appropriate effect, it is possible to obtain effects such as alpha blending of subtitles.

Although the type of effect and the range of effect are specified for each entry point in cell units, the effect type and effect range may be specified not in cell units but in program units or other predetermined section units. In addition, effect information,
The effect range may be recorded in the PGI instead of the CI.

It should be noted that the effect information and the effect range are not CIs but effect maps (E
MAP) (FIG. 10). This EM
For the AP, the playback device is the EMAP of the data to be played.
All C_EP_EF_TP, C_EP_E included in
By reading F_RG in advance and generating information on the playback sections, simultaneous playback of a plurality of playback sections becomes possible.

Here, when a cell is partially deleted by editing the recorded AV data or the like, the effect information (C_EP_EF_TP,
C_EP_EF_RG) can be dealt with by deleting the SL_RG and TR_RG so that the section to be reproduced simultaneously with the partially deleted section does not overlap with the section before the partially deleted section by the partial deletion. Equipment shall be adjusted. Cells 831a, 831b
.. Each include an AV file identifier, a VOB identifier, and a set of a start time and an end time indicating a video section.

In the example shown in FIG. 6, a series of AV data corresponding to one title is composed of PGC information 831 → cell 8
31a to 831c → VOB information 821, 822, → VO
B # 1 and # 2 are specified in this order. In this example, AV data for one title is composed of two VOs.
B # 1 and # 2, the simplest example of PGC information such as a newly recorded title is 1 title → 1 PGC information → 1 cell → 1VOB information → 1VO
One title is composed of one VOB such as B.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the data structure of an AV file, that is, a VOB. As shown in FIG.
Consists of a plurality of VOBUs. The VOBU is approximately 0.4 to 1.0 including at least one I (Intra) picture.
This is an AV data section including compressed video data of about seconds and other audio data, and is composed of a pack sequence in which a video pack (V # PCK) and an audio pack (A # PCK) are interleaved. One pack is a packed packet in MPEG2, includes a pack header, a packet header, video data / audio data, and has a size of 2 kbytes, which is the same as the sector size.

(2) Recording / Reproducing Apparatus Next, an optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(2-1) Overall System FIG. 12 shows an example of the configuration of a system using the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus according to this embodiment. This system includes an optical disk recording / reproducing device 10 (hereinafter referred to as a DVD recorder 10).
), A remote controller 6 for operating this, a display 12 connected to a DVD recorder 10, and an antenna 1
Contains one. The DVD recorder 10 is provided with the DVD-RAM as an optical disk, compresses audio / video data included in an analog broadcast wave received via the antenna 11, and then outputs the DVD-RAM as an AV file.
And expands the compressed audio / video data recorded in the DVD-RAM, and outputs the video signal and the audio signal to the display 12.

(2-2) Hardware Configuration of DVD Recorder 10 FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the DVD recorder 10. The DVD recorder 10 includes a control unit 1, an MPEG encoder 2, a disk access unit 3,
It has an MPEG decoder 4, a video signal processing unit 5, a remote control 6, a bus 7, a remote control signal receiving unit 8, and a receiver 9.

The control unit 1 has a CPU 1a, a processor bus 1b, a bus interface 1c, and a main memory 1d.
By executing the program stored in the main memory 1d, the entire device such as recording, reproduction, and editing of AV data in the DVD recorder 10 is controlled. In particular, the control unit 1
In recording V data, when an AV file (VOB) is recorded, VOB information corresponding to the recorded VOB,
It generates PGC information and the like, and records or updates the AV data management file.

Further, when reproducing the AV data, the control unit 1 obtains an address based on the VOB information in the section specified by the start time and the end time in the cell included in the PGC information in the AV data management file. Reproduce. In particular, in the case of special reproduction, the address of a reference image existing every fixed time (for example, 5 seconds, -5 seconds, etc.) is sequentially obtained based on VOB information, and fast forward reproduction and fast reverse reproduction are performed. ing.

The MPEG encoder 2 compresses the audio / video signal contained in the analog broadcast wave received by the receiver 9 through the antenna 11 into an MPEG stream. The disk access unit 3 has a track buffer 3a therein, and under the control of the control unit 1, records the MPEG stream input from the MPEG encoder 2 on the DVD-RAM via the track buffer 3a.
The MPEG stream is read from the D-RAM and output to the MPEG decoder 4 via the track buffer 3a.

The MPEG decoder 4 outputs the MP read from the DVD-RAM by the disk access unit 3.
The video signal processing unit 5 that expands the EG stream and outputs video data and audio signal as a result of the expansion performs signal processing for converting the video data from the MPEG decoder 4 into a video signal for the display 12.

The remote control signal receiving section 8 receives a remote control signal transmitted from the remote control 6 as shown in FIG.
The control unit 1 is notified of what kind of user operation has been performed. As shown in FIG. 12, the DVD recorder 10 has a configuration premised on substituting for a conventional stationary home VTR. Not limited to this configuration, DVD
If the RAM is also used as a recording medium for a computer, the following configuration may be used. That is, the disk access unit 3 is connected to a computer bus via an IF called SCSI or IDE as a DVD-RAM drive device. Also, the disk access unit 3 shown in FIG.
Other components are OS on computer hardware
And the execution of the application program.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the structure of the MPEG encoder 2. As shown in FIG. 15, the MPEG encoder 2 includes a video encoder 2a, a video buffer 2b for storing the output of the video encoder, an audio encoder 2c, an audio buffer 2d for storing the output of the audio encoder, and encoding in the video buffer 2b. Video data and audio buffer 2
d), and a system time clock (STC) unit 2f that generates a synchronous clock for the encoder 2.
And an encoder control unit 2 for controlling and managing these
g.

The encoder control unit 2g passes information such as GOP information and picture information to the control unit 1 in FIG. 13 every time a VOBU is generated, particularly during encoding. Here, the GOP information includes the number of packs of the VOBU and the number of packs of the first I picture in the VOBU. The pack here is a video pack (V # PACK), an audio pack (A # P
ACK), which has a fixed length of 2 kbytes, which is the same as that of the sector. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the GOP information is VOB
It means the number of sectors occupied by U and the number of sectors occupied by the first I picture in the VOBU.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing the structure of the MPEG decoder 4. As shown in FIG. 16, the MPEG decoder 4 includes a demultiplexer (De-M) for separating an MPEG stream into a video stream and an audio stream.
ux) 4a, a video buffer 4b for temporarily storing the separated video stream, a video decoder 4c for decoding the video stream stored in the video buffer 4b, and an audio for temporarily storing the separated audio stream. A buffer 4d, an audio decoder 4e for decoding an audio stream stored in the audio buffer 4d, an STC (system time clock) unit 4f for generating a synchronous clock, an adder 4g for adding an offset to the synchronous clock, and a synchronous clock. And a selector 4h-4j that selects one of the synchronous clock with offset and supplies it to the demultiplexer 4a, the audio decoder 4e, and the video decoder 4c.

(2-3) Functional Block Diagram FIG. 17 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the DVD recorder 10 by function. Each function in FIG. 17 is realized by the CPU 1a in the control unit 1 executing the program in the main memory 1d to control the hardware shown in FIG. 17, the DVD recorder 10 includes a disk recording unit 100, a disk reading unit 101, a file system unit 102, a recording / editing / playback control unit 105, a user I / F unit 106, an AV data recording unit 110, and an AV data editing unit 120. , An AV data reproducing unit 130.

When a logical sector number and logical data (2048 bytes) of one or more sectors are input from the file system unit 102, the disk recording unit 100 records the data. However, actually, the disk recording unit 1
00 reads and writes logical data on the disk in units of ECC blocks (16 sectors). If the logical data is less than 16 sectors, the ECC block is read once, subjected to ECC processing, and then recorded.

When the logical sector number and the number of sectors are input from the file system unit 102, the disk reading unit 101 reads the sector data and transfers the sector data to the file system unit. However, actually, reading is performed in ECC block units, and only necessary sector data is transferred to the file system unit through the ECC processing. This is equivalent to 16 bits per ECC block when reading AV data.
This is because reading is performed in sector units to reduce the overhead as in the case of the disk recording unit 100.

The file system unit 102 mainly stores
It has an AV file system unit 103 that writes and edits V files, and a common file system unit 104 that performs common processing between AV files and non-AV files.
0, upon receiving a command related to writing or reading of a file from the AV data reproducing unit 130, file management is performed using the sector of the optical disk as a minimum unit.

The recording / editing / playback control unit 105 is a DVD
A part that controls the entire recorder 10. In particular, it controls a guidance display for prompting a user operation, accepts a user operation corresponding thereto via the user I / F unit 106, and records new AV data in accordance with the user operation. The playback and editing of recorded AV data are performed by the AV data recording unit 11.
0, AV data editing unit 120, AV data reproducing unit 130
Request for The user I / F unit 106 receives a user operation from the remote controller 6 and notifies the recording / editing / playback control unit 105. The control data management unit 107 determines whether
The AV data management file, which is V data, is stored in the main storage 1d.
Read it out and provide information immediately upon request from each unit.

The AV data recording unit 110 records, edits,
Upon receiving a recording request from the reproduction control unit 105, a command necessary for the requested recording is issued to the AV file system unit 103. Therefore, the AV data recording unit 110
Data input unit 111 and AV file management information generation unit 11
And 2. The AV data input unit 111 converts the video signal and the audio signal into MPEG data, that is, encodes in real time,
The data is output to the AV file system unit 103 in order to record the data on a disc as an AV file.

When encoding, the AV data input unit 111 outputs a VOB for each VOBU of MPEG data.
The number of packs constituting U and the number of packs of the first reference picture are calculated, the obtained value is stored in the memory (main storage 1d) as GOP information, and is passed to the AV file management information generation unit 112 after recording the AV file. . When the recording of the AV file by the AV data input unit 111 ends, the AV file management information generation unit 112 generates a V corresponding to the AV file based on the GOP information stored in the memory.
OB information, PGC information, title search pointer
The control data management unit 10 generates the file management information as file management information.
7 and updates the updated AV data management file with the file system unit 10.
2 through a DVD-RAM.

The AV data editing unit 120 records, edits,
Upon receiving an editing request from the reproduction control unit 105, a command necessary for editing is issued to the AV file system unit 103.
The AV data reproduction unit 130 is a recording / editing / reproduction control unit 1
In response to a playback request from the AV file system 05, a command necessary for the requested playback is issued to the AV file system unit 103.

(3) Recording / Reproduction Next, the DVD recorder 10 records (3-1) recording of an AV file, (3-2) generation and recording of an AV data management file, and (3-3) recording of user-defined PGC information. Generation, recording, and (3-4) reproduction of AV data will be described.

(3-1) Recording Processing of AV File Recording processing includes manual recording and scheduled recording. Manual recording refers to a recording process that is started immediately after setting a few items when the “record” key on the remote control is pressed by the user without setting a reservation time. Scheduled recording refers to a recording process when a start time and an end time are set in advance. For example, when the user presses a record button on the remote controller 6, a guidance image 200 as shown in FIG. 18 is displayed on the display 12 under the control of the recording / editing / playback control unit 105. When the user presses “1” or “select” in the guidance image 200, a guidance image 201 for setting recording conditions (in this example, recording time and recording quality) is displayed.

The recording condition "recording time" is set by the user moving the focus to "unlimited" or "specified time" using the cursor button of the remote controller 6, and pressing the "select" button again. When “specified time” is selected, the display is switched to a guidance image for inputting time using the numeric keypad. When the setting of the designated time is completed, the guidance image 201 is displayed again.

The “recording quality” of the recording condition includes three types of high-quality, standard, and time-priority with respect to the bit rate and resolution of MPEG data. Each (bit rate, resolution) is (6 Mbps, 720 * 480 pixels) for high image quality, (3 Mbps, 360 * 480 pixels) for standard,
Time priority (1.5Mbps, 360 * 240 pixels)
It is. Now, as a case of recording, the guidance image 20
It is assumed that “unlimited” and “time priority” are selected in 1 and the “recording” button on the remote control is pressed after shifting to the guidance image 202. As a result, the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 instructs the AV data recording unit 110 to record,
Recording processing is started in the data recording unit 110.

(3-2) Generation and Recording of AV Data Management File Upon receiving notification from the AV data input unit 111 that the recording of the AV file has been completed, the AV file management information generation unit 112 VOB information and original PGC information are generated based on the GOP information stored in the memory (main storage 1d) and the VOBU number corresponding to the start address of the new continuous recording area where the AV file is recorded. Record.

(3-3) Generation of User-Defined PGC Information
Recording A method of generating user-defined PGC information separately from the PGC information generated in (3-2) will be described. The user inserts an entry point at a point where an effect effect is to be inserted for each cell of each program. Regarding the inserted entry point, 1) effect control of a single cell,
2) Simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells, 3) Simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells and effect control are selected. For effect control, the effect execution range, effect execution direction,
Specify the type of effect. For all entry points, 1) effect control of a single cell, 2) simultaneous playback of multiple cells, 3) simultaneous playback of multiple cells, selection of effect control, and whether or not designation of effect control contents has been completed. Judge. If completed, the entry point information and the effect information are recorded in the user-defined PGC information or EMAP, and the processing ends.

(3-4) Playback of AV Data In the playback process, when the user presses “2” or “select” on the guidance image 200 shown in FIG. 18, the guidance image 201 is displayed, and the user further presses “1”. When the user presses “select”, the recording / editing / playback control unit 105 notifies the AV data playback unit 130 of the title name (or title search pointer number). Here, when the use of the user-defined PGC information or the EMAP is specified, the effect information (C_EP_EF_TP, C_E) of the data to be reproduced.
(P_EF_RG) is read in advance to generate information of a playback section, and playback is performed. Here, when the use of the user-defined PGC information or EMAP is not specified or does not exist, the reproduction is performed based on the original PGC information.

The operation of the reproduction process will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 19, after the reproduction is started, in step S300, the AV data management file is reproduced to obtain information relating to reproduction control in general. In step S301, program chain information,
The video object information and the like are read, and step S3
At 02, a program chain (title) is displayed.

In step S303, it is determined whether the user has selected at least one program chain (title). In step S304, the data of the selected program chain is read from the recording medium, and the reproduction of the content is started. By the steps so far, reading of entry point information and effect information for each cell has been completed.

In step S305, it is monitored whether the time corresponds to the time specified by the entry point information.
If the time does not correspond to the entry point information,
Going to step S306, normal reproduction is continuously performed. If it is determined in step S305 that the time corresponds to the time specified by the entry point information, the process proceeds to step S307, where the time is specified by various parameters of the effect information.
The effect is executed.

At step S308, it is determined whether the reproduction of the selected program chain has been completed. If the reproduction has not been completed, the process jumps to the processing before step S305. When the reproduction is completed, the above-described reproduction operation ends.

In the present invention, the information on the effect execution range may be the last time of the effect or the time of the section in which the effect is executed. Instead of time information, address information may be used.

In the description of the embodiment, simultaneous playback,
Alternatively, the time of the entry point information is used to determine the operation start point of the effect. This is based on the start time (start time) on the reproduction time axis included in the cell information,
The end time (end time) may be used.

Further, a program for a recording method or a reproduction method using the information recording medium of the present invention is a CD-RO
M, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, DVD-
It may be distributed on a recording medium such as R, DVD-RAM, SD card, smart media, or other package media, or may be distributed on a transmission medium by a network or communication means.

[0086]

According to the information recording medium of the present invention,
Entry point information for designating an arbitrary position with respect to a cell composed of a video object and effect information for applying an effect to the cell are recorded. Furthermore, the effect information includes an effect type, an effect execution range based on the entry point information,
It includes at least one of the execution direction of the effect based on the entry point information and information on simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells.

With this configuration, 1) effect reproduction in an arbitrary designated range at an arbitrary designated position in cell units, 2) simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells in a designated range,
3) Combination of simultaneous playback of a plurality of cells and effect playback in a specified range. 4) Different effect playback for the same video object used in different cells. 5) Effect playback at the time of jump playback to an entry point. Can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an appearance of an optical disc and a recording area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a recording area of an optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a sector and an ECC block according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows an AV file, non-A according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Illustration of the hierarchical directory structure of V files

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of recorded contents of an AV data management file (VR_MANGR.IFO) in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a logical connection relationship between an AV file management table, a PGC information table, and a VOB according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of PGC information in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a correspondence relationship between an entry point and single playback, simultaneous playback, effect control, and an actual playback section in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a table of parameters for designating simultaneous reproduction;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a structure of an EMAP according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a data structure of an AV file, that is, a VOB according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a system using an optical disc recording / reproducing apparatus according to the embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a DVD recorder 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
0 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a remote controller according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an MPEG encoder 2.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an MPEG decoder 4.

FIG. 17 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the DVD recorder 10 by function.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a guidance image.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating a reproducing operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 control unit 1a CPU 1b processor bus 1c bus interface 1d main memory 2 MPEG encoder 2a video encoder 2b video buffer 2c audio encoder 2d, 4d audio buffer 2e system encoder 2f STC unit 2g encoder control unit 3 disk access unit 3a track buffer 4 MPEG Decoder 4a Demultiplexer 4b Video buffer 4c Video decoder 4e Audio decoder 4f STC unit 4g Adder 4h, 4i, 4j Selector 5 Video signal processing unit 6 Remote control 7 Bus 8 Remote control signal receiving unit 9 Receiver 10 DVD recorder 11 Antenna 12 Display 100 Disk Recording unit 101 Disk reading unit 102 File system unit 103 AV file system unit 104 common file system unit 105 recording / editing / reproduction control unit 106 user I / F unit 107 control data management unit 110 AV data recording unit 111 AV data input unit 112 AV file management information generation unit 120 AV data editing unit 130 AV data reproduction Department

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H04N 5/76 G11B 27/02 K (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Nakamura 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial In-house F term (reference) 5C052 AA02 AB03 AB04 AC10 CC06 CC11 DD04 5C053 FA14 FA25 GB06 GB38 HA40 JA01 JA16 JA21 LA06 5D044 AB05 AB07 BC06 CC04 DE02 DE03 DE24 DE37 DE48 DE54 EF05 FG18 GK08 GK12 5D110 AA17 CA04 A07 A07 AA06 A07 AA06 A07 AA06 A07 CD02 CH02 CH03 CH04 DA15 DB02 DE01

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. An information recording medium including a data area and a management area, wherein the data area is recorded with a video object including a plurality of video object units including at least one picture; Based on cell playback order information for managing the playback order of cells composed of the video objects, entry point information specifying an arbitrary position with respect to the cells, and an effect for applying an effect to the cells based on the entry point information. An information recording medium on which effect information is recorded. 2. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the information recording medium has at least one cell, and includes the cell reproduction order information, the entry point information, and the effect information for each cell. 3. The effect information includes an effect type,
The method according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of an execution range of an effect based on the entry point information, an execution direction of the effect based on the entry point information, and information on simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells. Information recording medium. 4. The information recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the management area records the effect information in units of video objects managed in the reproduction order information. Medium. 5. The effect type includes at least one of a fade-in, a fade-out, a wipe, a wipe direction, a dissolve, a volume change, a voice only, an α blend, and a transmittance specification. 2. The information recording medium according to claim 1. 6. The execution direction of the effect is based on an arbitrary position designated by the entry point information,
The information recording medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the information recording medium includes at least one of a backward direction and a bidirectional direction. 7. The information relating to simultaneous reproduction of a plurality of cells,
7. The system according to claim 1, further comprising overlapping information of a rear cell which is simultaneously reproduced at least partially with respect to a preceding cell.
The information recording medium according to any one of the above items. 8. An apparatus for recording information on an information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein input means for inputting said video object, and management of a reproduction order of a cell constituted by said video object. Generating means for generating management information including cell reproduction order information, entry point information specifying an arbitrary position with respect to the cell, and effect information for applying an effect to the cell; the video object and the management information Recording means for recording the information on the information recording medium. 9. The information recording apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the generation unit generates the management information in a unit of a cell. 10. A recording method for recording information on an information recording medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of inputting the video object and the reproduction order of a cell composed of the video object are managed. Generating management information including cell playback order information, entry point information specifying an arbitrary position with respect to the cell, and effect information for applying an effect to the cell; and the video object and the management information. Recording on the information recording medium. 11. The recording method according to claim 10, wherein the step of generating management information generates the management information on a cell-by-cell basis. 12. An apparatus for reproducing information from an information recording medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: a reproducing means for reproducing the video object and the management information from the information recording medium; A reproducing apparatus comprising: input means for receiving a program including the above-described cells; and control means for performing effect control according to the effect information at the entry point based on management information of the received program. 13. The control means performs effect control according to the effect information at the entry point.
13. The playback device according to claim 12, wherein the playback is performed on a cell basis. 14. A reproducing method for reproducing information from an information recording medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the video object and the management information are reproduced from the information recording medium. A reproducing method comprising: a step of receiving a program including the above-described cells; and a step of performing effect control according to the effect information at the entry point based on management information of the received program. 15. The reproducing method according to claim 14, wherein the step of performing the effect control performs the effect control in accordance with the effect information at the entry point on a cell-by-cell basis. 16. A program for recording information on the information recording medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of inputting the video object and a reproduction order of a cell composed of the video object are managed. Generating management information including cell reproduction order information, entry point information specifying an arbitrary position with respect to the cell, and effect information for applying an effect to the cell; and Recording on the information recording medium. 17. A program for reproducing information from the information recording medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the program reproduces the video object and the management information from the information recording medium. And a step of performing effect control according to the effect information at the entry point based on management information of the received program.