JP2002289930A - Method and device for manufacturing thermoelectric material - Google Patents
Method and device for manufacturing thermoelectric materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002289930A JP2002289930A JP2001084693A JP2001084693A JP2002289930A JP 2002289930 A JP2002289930 A JP 2002289930A JP 2001084693 A JP2001084693 A JP 2001084693A JP 2001084693 A JP2001084693 A JP 2001084693A JP 2002289930 A JP2002289930 A JP 2002289930A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- thermoelectric material
- producing
- container
- stirring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、熱電材料の製造方
法及び製造装置に関し、特に、熱電材料の原料からなる
母材にフォノン散乱中心となる分散材が分散されてなる
熱電材料を製造する熱電材料の製造方法及びそのような
熱電材料を製造する製造装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a thermoelectric material, and more particularly to a thermoelectric material for producing a thermoelectric material in which a dispersion material serving as a phonon scattering center is dispersed in a base material made of a thermoelectric material. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a material and a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing such a thermoelectric material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、熱電材料の熱電性能を向上さ
せるために、熱電材料の原料からなる母材中にフォノン
散乱中心となる微細粉末（分散材）を分散させることが
提案されている。このような熱電材料を製造する方法と
して、粉末の母材と粉末の分散材とを混合した後焼結す
る方法がある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to improve the thermoelectric performance of a thermoelectric material, it has been proposed to disperse a fine powder (dispersion material) serving as a phonon scattering center in a base material made of a thermoelectric material. As a method of manufacturing such a thermoelectric material, there is a method of mixing a powder base material and a powder dispersion material and then sintering the mixture.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、熱電材
料を焼結により製造する場合、平均結晶粒径が大きくな
る上に分散材が偏在することが多く、熱電性能が低下す
るという問題があった。However, when a thermoelectric material is manufactured by sintering, there is a problem that the average crystal grain size is large and the dispersing material is often unevenly distributed, so that the thermoelectric performance is reduced.
【０００４】本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになさ
れたものであり、熱電性能の高い熱電材料を製造するこ
と及び熱電性能の高い熱電材料を製造する製造装置を提
供することを目的とする。[0004] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object to provide a thermoelectric material having high thermoelectric performance and a manufacturing apparatus for producing a thermoelectric material having high thermoelectric performance. .
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の熱電材料の製造
方法は、熱電材料の原料からなる母材にフォノン散乱中
心となる分散材が分散されてなる熱電材料を製造する製
造方法であって、前記母材と前記分散材との混合物を容
器に入れ、前記混合物を加熱して前記母材を溶融させた
後、前記混合物を撹拌する撹拌工程を備えることを特徴
とする。The method for producing a thermoelectric material according to the present invention is a method for producing a thermoelectric material in which a dispersion material serving as a phonon scattering center is dispersed in a base material made of a raw material of the thermoelectric material. A mixing step of mixing the mixture of the base material and the dispersing material in a container, heating the mixture to melt the base material, and then stirring the mixture.
【０００６】本発明の熱電材料の製造方法では、母材を
溶融させた後、母材と分散材との混合物を撹拌するの
で、混合物中での分散材の分散を促進させることができ
る。この結果、熱電性能の高い熱電材料を製造すること
ができる。尚、ここで、母材は、Bi、Sb、Ag、Pb、Ge、
Cu、Sn、As、Se、Te、Fe、Mn、Co、Siのうち少なくとも
２種類以上の元素を含むものが好適であり、特に、Bi2T
e3とするのが好適である。また、分散材は、B、C、N、
O、Si、P、Ti、Ni、Mo、Zr、Rh、Pd、Ag、W、Ptのうち
少なくとも１種類の元素を含むものとするのが好適であ
る。In the method for producing a thermoelectric material according to the present invention, after the base material is melted, the mixture of the base material and the dispersion material is stirred, so that the dispersion of the dispersion material in the mixture can be promoted. As a result, a thermoelectric material having high thermoelectric performance can be manufactured. Here, the base material is Bi, Sb, Ag, Pb, Ge,
Those containing at least two or more elements among Cu, Sn, As, Se, Te, Fe, Mn, Co, and Si are preferable, and in particular, Bi 2 T
it is preferable to the e 3. The dispersing materials are B, C, N,
It is preferable to include at least one element of O, Si, P, Ti, Ni, Mo, Zr, Rh, Pd, Ag, W, and Pt.
【０００７】本発明の熱電材料の製造方法において、前
記撹拌工程は、前記容器に超音波振動を印加しながら前
記混合物を撹拌するようにしてもよい。このような製造
方法において、前記撹拌工程は、前記容器に印加する超
音波振動の振動数を変化させながら前記混合物を撹拌す
るものとするのが好適である。こうすれば、混合物中に
定在波が発生することを抑えることができるので、混合
物中での分散材の分散を促進することができる。In the method for producing a thermoelectric material according to the present invention, in the stirring step, the mixture may be stirred while applying ultrasonic vibration to the container. In such a manufacturing method, it is preferable that, in the stirring step, the mixture is stirred while changing the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration applied to the container. By doing so, the generation of standing waves in the mixture can be suppressed, so that the dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be promoted.
【０００８】本発明の熱電材料の製造方法において、前
記撹拌工程は、前記混合物に交流電磁場を印加しながら
前記混合物を撹拌したり、前記混合物を局所的に加熱し
て前記混合物内に対流を起こしながら撹拌したりするの
がよい。In the method for producing a thermoelectric material according to the present invention, in the stirring step, the mixture is stirred while an AC electromagnetic field is applied to the mixture, or the mixture is locally heated to cause convection in the mixture. It is better to stir while stirring.
【０００９】本発明の熱電材料の製造方法において、前
記撹拌工程は、前記混合物を撹拌すると共に冷却するも
のとしてもよい。こうすれば、混合物中での分散材の分
散を促進することができると共に混合物が冷却され凝固
する際の結晶粒の成長を抑えることができる。この結
果、更に熱電性能の高い熱電材料を製造することができ
る。In the method for producing a thermoelectric material according to the present invention, the stirring step may include stirring and cooling the mixture. In this case, the dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be promoted, and the growth of crystal grains when the mixture is cooled and solidified can be suppressed. As a result, a thermoelectric material having higher thermoelectric performance can be manufactured.
【００１０】本発明の熱電材料の製造装置は、熱電材料
の原料からなる母材にフォノン散乱中心となる分散材が
分散されてなる熱電材料を製造する製造装置であって、
前記母材と前記分散材との混合物を入れる容器と、前記
混合物を加熱し溶融させる加熱手段と、前記混合物を撹
拌する撹拌手段と、を備えることを特徴とする。An apparatus for producing a thermoelectric material according to the present invention is a production apparatus for producing a thermoelectric material in which a dispersion material serving as a phonon scattering center is dispersed in a base material made of a raw material of the thermoelectric material,
It is characterized by comprising a container for holding a mixture of the base material and the dispersant, a heating means for heating and melting the mixture, and a stirring means for stirring the mixture.
【００１１】本発明の熱電材料の製造装置では、加熱手
段で溶融させた母材と分散材との混合物を撹拌手段で撹
拌することができるので、混合物中での分散材の分散を
促進させることができる。また、撹拌手段で撹拌しなが
ら混合物が冷却して凝固させれば、結晶粒の成長を抑え
ると共に混合物中での分散材の分散を促進させることも
できる。この結果、本発明の熱電材料の製造装置では、
熱電性能の高い熱電材料を製造することができる。尚、
ここで、母材は、Bi、Sb、Ag、Pb、Ge、Cu、Sn、As、S
e、Te、Fe、Mn、Co、Siのうち少なくとも２種類以上の
元素を含むものが好適であり、特に、Bi2Te3とするのが
好適である。また、分散材は、B、C、N、O、Si、P、T
i、Ni、Mo、Zr、Rh、Pd、Ag、W、Ptのうち少なくとも１
種類の元素を含むものとするのが好適である。In the thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the mixture of the base material and the dispersing material melted by the heating means can be stirred by the stirring means, so that the dispersion of the dispersing material in the mixture can be promoted. Can be. If the mixture is cooled and solidified while being stirred by the stirring means, the growth of crystal grains can be suppressed and the dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be promoted. As a result, in the thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention,
A thermoelectric material having high thermoelectric performance can be manufactured. still,
Here, the base material is Bi, Sb, Ag, Pb, Ge, Cu, Sn, As, S
Those containing at least two or more elements of e, Te, Fe, Mn, Co, and Si are preferable, and Bi 2 Te 3 is particularly preferable. The dispersants are B, C, N, O, Si, P, T
at least one of i, Ni, Mo, Zr, Rh, Pd, Ag, W, and Pt
It is preferable to include various types of elements.
【００１２】本発明の熱電材料の製造装置において、前
記撹拌手段は、前記容器に超音波振動を印加する超音波
振動印加手段を備えるものとしてもよい。このような製
造装置において、前記超音波振動印加手段が前記容器に
印加する超音波振動の振動数を制御する振動数制御手段
を備えるものとしてもよい。このような振動数制御手段
で、超音波振動の振動数を制御することで、混合物中に
定在波が発生することを抑制することができ、更に混合
物中での分散材の分散を促進することができる。In the thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the stirring means may include an ultrasonic vibration applying means for applying ultrasonic vibration to the container. In such a manufacturing apparatus, the ultrasonic vibration applying means may include a frequency control means for controlling the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration applied to the container. By controlling the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration with such a frequency control means, the generation of a standing wave in the mixture can be suppressed, and the dispersion of the dispersion material in the mixture is further promoted. be able to.
【００１３】本発明の熱電材料の製造装置において、前
記撹拌手段は、前記混合物に交流電磁場を印加する交流
電磁場印加手段を備えるものとしたり、前記混合物を局
所的に加熱する加熱手段を備えるものとしてもよい。In the thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the stirring means may include an AC electromagnetic field applying means for applying an AC electromagnetic field to the mixture, or a heating means for locally heating the mixture. Is also good.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態（以下
実施形態という）を、図面に従って説明する。尚、各図
において同一の部材には同一の符号を付し説明を省略す
る。Embodiments of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
【００１５】図１は、本実施形態の熱電材料の製造装置
の構成の概略を示す構成図である。熱電材料の製造装置
１００は、Bi2Te3からなる母材と炭化珪素（ＳｉＣ）か
らなる分散材との混合物１０が封入され炉室２０内で加
熱される容器３０と、超音波振動子４０と接続され容器
３０を支持するホーン４２と、超音波振動子４０の振動
数を制御する振動数制御手段４６と、炉室２０の周囲に
設けられ混合物１０に交流磁界を印加するコイル６０
と、開状態になると炉室２０内へボンベ７０から不活性
ガスを供給するガス供給バルブ７２と、開状態になると
不活性ガスを炉室２０の外に排出するリークバルブ７４
とを備える。尚、分散材は、粒径が小さいものであるほ
うがよく、粒径が１μｍ以下、特に、０．１μｍ以下と
するのが好適である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment. The thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a container 30 in which a mixture 10 of a base material made of Bi 2 Te 3 and a dispersion material made of silicon carbide (SiC) is sealed and heated in a furnace chamber 20, and an ultrasonic vibrator 40. A horn 42 connected to the furnace 30 to support the container 30; a frequency control means 46 for controlling the frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 40; and a coil 60 provided around the furnace chamber 20 for applying an alternating magnetic field to the mixture 10.
A gas supply valve 72 for supplying an inert gas from the cylinder 70 into the furnace chamber 20 when opened, and a leak valve 74 for discharging the inert gas out of the furnace chamber 20 when opened.
And The dispersant preferably has a small particle size, and the particle size is preferably 1 μm or less, particularly preferably 0.1 μm or less.
【００１６】容器３０は、金属を材料としており、内壁
を混合物１０と反応性の低い材料でコーティングされて
いる。こうすれば、混合物１０と容器３０との反応を抑
えることができる。The container 30 is made of a metal, and has an inner wall coated with a material having low reactivity with the mixture 10. In this case, the reaction between the mixture 10 and the container 30 can be suppressed.
【００１７】ホーン４２は、超音波振動子４０で発生す
る超音波振動を容器３０に印加して、容器３０全体を振
動させることができる。従って、ホーン４２は、容器３
０が振動しても破損しないような材質とするのがよい。The horn 42 can apply the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic vibrator 40 to the container 30 to vibrate the entire container 30. Therefore, the horn 42
It is preferable to use a material that does not break even if 0 vibrates.
【００１８】次に、このようにして構成された製造装置
１００を用いて熱電材料を製造する方法を説明すると共
に製造装置１００の動作を説明する。図２は、熱電材料
の製造方法を示すフローチャートである。本実施形態の
製造方法は、最初に、混合物１０を容器３０へ入れる工
程（工程Ｓ１０）より始める。その後、容器３０を炉室
２０へ入れリークバルブ７４を開け真空ポンプ（図示せ
ず）を用いて炉室２０内から空気を排出した後、リーク
バルブ７４を閉める。その後、ガス供給バルブ７２を開
け、ボンベ７０よりHeからなる不活性ガスを炉室２０内
へ供給し炉室２０内に不活性ガスを充填し（工程Ｓ１
２）、ガス供給バルブ７２を閉める。Next, a method of manufacturing a thermoelectric material using the manufacturing apparatus 100 configured as described above will be described, and an operation of the manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a thermoelectric material. The manufacturing method according to the present embodiment starts with a step of placing the mixture 10 in the container 30 (step S10). Thereafter, the container 30 is put into the furnace chamber 20, the leak valve 74 is opened, and air is discharged from the furnace chamber 20 using a vacuum pump (not shown), and then the leak valve 74 is closed. Thereafter, the gas supply valve 72 is opened, an inert gas made of He is supplied from the cylinder 70 into the furnace chamber 20, and the furnace chamber 20 is filled with the inert gas (step S1).
2) Close the gas supply valve 72.
【００１９】次に、炉室２０内の温度を上昇させ、混合
物１０の温度を母材であるBi2Te3の融点５８６℃以上に
なるまで容器３０を加熱し母材を溶融させる（工程Ｓ１
４）。このとき、超音波振動子４０を動作させてホーン
４２で容器３０に超音波振動を印加して混合物１０を撹
拌すると、混合物中での分散材の分散の均一化を促進さ
せることができる。更に、コイル６０を用いて容器３０
の周囲に交流磁界を発生させると、この交流磁界により
混合物１０中に対流が起こり混合物１０を撹拌すること
ができる。この結果、混合物中での分散材の凝集を抑制
し、分散材の分散の均一化を更に促進させることができ
る。Next, the temperature in the furnace chamber 20 is raised, and the container 30 is heated to melt the base material until the temperature of the mixture 10 becomes equal to or higher than the melting point of 586 ° C. of Bi 2 Te 3 as the base material (step S1).
4). At this time, when the ultrasonic vibrator 40 is operated and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the container 30 by the horn 42 to stir the mixture 10, it is possible to promote uniform dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture. Further, the container 30 is
When an alternating magnetic field is generated around the mixture, convection occurs in the mixture 10 due to the alternating magnetic field, and the mixture 10 can be stirred. As a result, it is possible to suppress the aggregation of the dispersant in the mixture and to further promote the uniform dispersion of the dispersant.
【００２０】そして、超音波振動子４０を動作させてホ
ーン４２で容器３０に超音波振動を印加すると共にコイ
ル６０を用いて容器３０の周囲に交流電磁界を発生させ
ることにより混合物１０を撹拌しながら炉室２０内の温
度を下げ混合物１０を徐々に冷却する（工程Ｓ１６）。
このとき、超音波振動子４０を動作させてホーン４２で
容器３０に超音波振動を印加して混合物１０を撹拌する
と、混合物中での分散材の分散の均一化を促進させるこ
とができる。そして、振動数制御手段４６により超音波
振動子４０の振動数を時間毎に変化させると、混合物１
０内での定在波の発生を抑制することができ、分散材の
凝集を抑制することができる。更に、コイル６０を用い
て容器３０の周囲に交流磁界を発生させると、この交流
磁界により混合物１０中に対流を起こし混合物１０を撹
拌することができる。この結果、混合物中での分散材の
凝集を抑制することができ、更に混合物中での分散材の
分散の均一化を促進させることができる。このように、
混合物１０を撹拌しながら冷却することで、混合物１０
の結晶粒の成長を抑えることができると共に混合物中で
の分散材の分散の均一化を図ることができるので、熱電
性能の高い熱電材料を製造することができる。Then, the mixture 10 is stirred by operating the ultrasonic vibrator 40 to apply ultrasonic vibration to the container 30 by the horn 42 and to generate an AC electromagnetic field around the container 30 using the coil 60. The temperature in the furnace chamber 20 is lowered while the mixture 10 is gradually cooled (step S16).
At this time, when the ultrasonic vibrator 40 is operated and ultrasonic vibration is applied to the container 30 by the horn 42 to stir the mixture 10, uniform dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be promoted. When the frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 40 is changed with time by the frequency control means 46, the mixture 1
The generation of a standing wave within 0 can be suppressed, and the aggregation of the dispersion material can be suppressed. Further, when an alternating magnetic field is generated around the container 30 using the coil 60, convection is caused in the mixture 10 by the alternating magnetic field, and the mixture 10 can be stirred. As a result, aggregation of the dispersant in the mixture can be suppressed, and uniform dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be further promoted. in this way,
By cooling the mixture 10 with stirring, the mixture 10
Can be suppressed and the dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be made uniform, so that a thermoelectric material having high thermoelectric performance can be manufactured.
【００２１】本実施形態の熱電材料の製造方法では、ホ
ーン４２により容器３０に超音波振動を印加するので、
特に、母材と濡れ性の悪い分散材を混合物１０中に均一
に分散させるのに好適である。尚、母材と濡れ性の悪い
分散材とは、母材の結晶と結合方法（例えば、金属結
合、分子結合など）が異なるものや、母材との反応性が
低いものや、不活性粒子など様々な物質と反応性が低く
安定なものなどが含まれるものとし、一般的には、下記
のヤング・デュプレの式においてθが鈍角であるものと
する。In the method of manufacturing a thermoelectric material according to the present embodiment, since the ultrasonic vibration is applied to the container 30 by the horn 42,
In particular, it is suitable for uniformly dispersing the base material and the dispersant having poor wettability in the mixture 10. In addition, the base material and the dispersant having poor wettability include a material having a different bonding method (for example, a metal bond or a molecular bond) from a crystal of the base material, a material having low reactivity with the base material, or a material having inactive particles. For example, it is assumed that θ is an obtuse angle in the following Young-Dupray equation.
【００２２】[0022]
【数１】ｒｓ＝ｒｌ・ｃｏｓθ＋ｒｓｌ ここで、図３に示すように、θは、溶融した母材と分散
材との接触角（溶融した母材を含む側の角度）、ｒｓ
は、分散材の表面張力、ｒｌは、溶融した母材の表面張
力、ｒｓｌは、溶融した母材と分散材との界面の界面張
力であるものとする。Rs = rl · cos θ + rsl Here, as shown in FIG. 3, θ is the contact angle between the molten base material and the dispersion material (the angle on the side including the molten base material), rs
Is the surface tension of the dispersing material, rl is the surface tension of the molten base material, and rsl is the interface tension of the interface between the molten base material and the dispersing material.
【００２３】本実施形態の製造装置１００では、ホーン
４２による超音波振動とコイル６０による交流磁界を用
いて混合物１０を撹拌するものとしたが、図４に示す製
造装置２００のように、コイル６０の代わりにドーナッ
ツ形状のヒータ２４０を容器３０の下部に設け、ヒータ
２４０により混合物１０を局所的に加熱し混合物１０内
に対流を起こしながら全体として混合物１０を冷却し凝
固させるものとすることもできる。このようにしても、
混合物１０中に分散材が凝集することを抑制し、分散材
の分散の均一化を更に促進させることができる。In the manufacturing apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the mixture 10 is agitated by using the ultrasonic vibration generated by the horn 42 and the AC magnetic field generated by the coil 60. However, as in the manufacturing apparatus 200 shown in FIG. Alternatively, a donut-shaped heater 240 may be provided at the lower portion of the container 30, and the mixture 10 may be locally cooled by the heater 240 to cause convection in the mixture 10 to cool and solidify the mixture 10 as a whole. . Even if you do this,
Aggregation of the dispersant in the mixture 10 can be suppressed, and uniform dispersion of the dispersant can be further promoted.
【００２４】また、本実施形態の製造装置１００では、
コイル６０の代わりに容器３０又は装置全体を揺動する
揺動手段（図示せず）を設け、混合物１０に振動を与え
ながら冷却してもよい。このようにしても、混合物１０
中に分散材が凝集することを抑制し、分散材の分散の均
一化を更に促進させることができる。Further, in the manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment,
A rocking means (not shown) for rocking the container 30 or the entire apparatus may be provided instead of the coil 60, and the mixture 10 may be cooled while being vibrated. In this case, the mixture 10
Aggregation of the dispersant therein can be suppressed, and uniform dispersion of the dispersant can be further promoted.
【００２５】そして、本実施形態の製造装置１００で
は、ホーン４２による超音波振動とコイル６０による交
流電磁界を用いて混合物１０を撹拌するものとしたが、
ホーン４２とコイル６０とのどちらか一方を用いるもの
としてもよい。In the manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the mixture 10 is agitated using the ultrasonic vibration generated by the horn 42 and the AC electromagnetic field generated by the coil 60.
Either the horn 42 or the coil 60 may be used.
【００２６】本実施形態の製造装置１００では、ホーン
４２による超音波振動とコイル６０による交流磁界を用
いて混合物１０を撹拌するものとしたが、図５に示す製
造装置３００のように、ホーン４２の代わりにコイル６
０に交流電流を印加し混合物１０内に超音波振動を発生
させると共に容器３０の下部にヒータ３４０を設け混合
物１０を局所的に加熱し混合物１０内に対流を起こしな
がら全体として混合物１０を冷却し凝固させるものとす
ることもできる。このようにしても、混合物１０の結晶
粒の成長を抑えることができると共に混合物中での分散
材の分散の均一化を図ることができる。In the manufacturing apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the mixture 10 is agitated using the ultrasonic vibration of the horn 42 and the AC magnetic field of the coil 60. However, as in the manufacturing apparatus 300 shown in FIG. Instead of coil 6
In addition, an alternating current is applied to the mixture 10 to generate ultrasonic vibrations in the mixture 10 and a heater 340 is provided at the lower portion of the container 30 to locally heat the mixture 10 and to cool the mixture 10 as a whole while causing convection in the mixture 10. It can be solidified. Also in this case, the growth of the crystal grains of the mixture 10 can be suppressed, and the dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be made uniform.
【００２７】本実施形態の製造装置３００では、ヒータ
３４０の代わりに容器３０又は装置全体を揺動する揺動
手段（図示せず）を設け、混合物１０に振動を与えなが
ら冷却してもよい。このようにしても、混合物１０中に
分散材が凝集することを抑制し、分散材の分散の均一化
を更に促進させることができる。In the manufacturing apparatus 300 of this embodiment, a rocking means (not shown) for rocking the container 30 or the whole apparatus may be provided instead of the heater 340, and the mixture 10 may be cooled while being vibrated. Also in this case, it is possible to suppress aggregation of the dispersion material in the mixture 10 and further promote uniform dispersion of the dispersion material.
【００２８】また、本実施形態の製造装置３００では、
コイル６０による交流電磁界と容器３０の下部に設けた
ヒータ３４０を用いて混合物１０を撹拌するものとした
が、ヒータ３４０だけを用いるものとしてもよい。Further, in the manufacturing apparatus 300 of this embodiment,
Although the mixture 10 is agitated by using the AC electromagnetic field generated by the coil 60 and the heater 340 provided at the lower part of the container 30, only the heater 340 may be used.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の熱電材料
の製造方法では、母材を溶融させた後、母材と分散材と
の混合物を撹拌しながら混合物を冷却するので、混合物
中での分散材の分散を促進させることができると共に混
合物が冷却され凝固する際の結晶粒の成長を抑えること
ができる。As described above, in the method for producing a thermoelectric material according to the present invention, after the base material is melted, the mixture is cooled while stirring the mixture of the base material and the dispersion material. And the growth of crystal grains when the mixture is cooled and solidified can be suppressed.
【００３０】また、本発明の熱電材料の製造装置では、
加熱手段で溶融させた母材と分散材との混合物を撹拌手
段で撹拌することができるので、混合物中での分散材の
分散を促進させることができる。また、撹拌手段で撹拌
しながら混合物を冷却して凝固させれば、結晶粒の成長
を抑えることができると共に混合物中での分散材の分散
を促進させることができる。この結果、熱電性能の高い
熱電材料を製造することができる。Further, in the thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus of the present invention,
Since the mixture of the base material and the dispersion material melted by the heating means can be stirred by the stirring means, the dispersion of the dispersion material in the mixture can be promoted. If the mixture is cooled and solidified while being stirred by the stirring means, the growth of crystal grains can be suppressed and the dispersion of the dispersant in the mixture can be promoted. As a result, a thermoelectric material having high thermoelectric performance can be manufactured.
【図１】 本実施形態の熱電材料の製造装置１００の構
成の概略を示す構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment.
【図２】 熱電材料の製造方法を示すフローチャートで
ある。FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a thermoelectric material.
【図３】 溶融状態の母材と分散材との界面の様子を示
す模式図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state of an interface between a base material and a dispersion material in a molten state.
【図４】 他の実施形態の熱電材料の製造装置２００の
構成の概略を示す構成図である。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus 200 according to another embodiment.
【図５】 他の実施形態の熱電材料の製造装置３００の
構成の概略を示す構成図である。FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus 300 according to another embodiment.
１０ 混合物、４０ 超音波振動子、４２ ホーン、４
６ 振動数制御手段、３０ 容器、６０ コイル、１０
０，２００，３００ 製造装置、２４０，３４０ ヒー
タ。10 mixture, 40 ultrasonic transducer, 42 horn, 4
6 frequency control means, 30 containers, 60 coils, 10
0,200,300 manufacturing equipment, 240,340 heaters.
Claims (11)
散乱中心となる分散材が分散されてなる熱電材料を製造
する製造方法であって、 前記母材と前記分散材との混合物を容器に入れ、前記混
合物を加熱して前記母材を溶融させた後、前記混合物を
撹拌する撹拌工程を備えることを特徴とする熱電材料の
製造方法。1. A method for producing a thermoelectric material in which a dispersion material serving as a phonon scattering center is dispersed in a base material made of a raw material of a thermoelectric material, wherein a mixture of the base material and the dispersion material is placed in a container. A method for producing a thermoelectric material, comprising: stirring the mixture after heating the mixture and melting the base material.
を印加しながら前記混合物を撹拌することを特徴とする
請求項１に記載の熱電材料の製造方法。2. The method for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 1, wherein in the stirring step, the mixture is stirred while applying ultrasonic vibration to the container.
音波振動の振動数を変化させながら前記混合物を撹拌す
ることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の熱電材料の製造方
法。3. The method for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 2, wherein in the stirring step, the mixture is stirred while changing the frequency of ultrasonic vibration applied to the container.
場を印加しながら前記混合物を撹拌することを特徴とす
る請求項１に記載の熱電材料の製造方法。4. The method for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 1, wherein in the stirring step, the mixture is stirred while applying an AC electromagnetic field to the mixture.
加熱して前記混合物内に対流を起こしながら前記混合物
を撹拌することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の熱電材料
の製造方法。5. The method for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 1, wherein in the stirring step, the mixture is stirred while locally heating the mixture to cause convection in the mixture.
と共に冷却することを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれ
かに記載の熱電材料の製造方法。6. The method for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 1, wherein in the stirring step, the mixture is stirred and cooled.
散乱中心となる分散材が分散されてなる熱電材料を製造
する製造装置であって、 前記母材と前記分散材との混合物を入れる容器と、 前記混合物を加熱し溶融させる加熱手段と、 前記混合物を撹拌する撹拌手段と、を備えることを特徴
とする熱電材料の製造装置。7. A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a thermoelectric material in which a dispersion material serving as a phonon scattering center is dispersed in a base material made of a raw material of the thermoelectric material, wherein a container for containing a mixture of the base material and the dispersion material And a heating means for heating and melting the mixture; and a stirring means for stirring the mixture.
を印加する超音波振動印加手段を備えることを特徴とす
る請求項７に記載の熱電材料の製造装置。8. The apparatus for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 7, wherein said stirring means includes an ultrasonic vibration applying means for applying ultrasonic vibration to said container.
加する超音波振動の振動数を制御する振動数制御手段を
備えることを特徴とする請求項８に記載の熱電材料の製
造装置。9. The thermoelectric material manufacturing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said ultrasonic vibration applying means includes frequency control means for controlling the frequency of ultrasonic vibration applied to said container.
磁場を印加する交流電磁場印加手段を備えることを特徴
とする請求項７に記載の熱電材料の製造装置。10. The apparatus for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 7, wherein said stirring means includes an AC electromagnetic field applying means for applying an AC electromagnetic field to said mixture.
に加熱する加熱手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項７
に記載の熱電材料の製造装置。11. The stirring device according to claim 7, wherein the stirring device includes a heating device for locally heating the mixture.
3. The apparatus for producing a thermoelectric material according to claim 1.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001084693A JP2002289930A (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2001-03-23 | Method and device for manufacturing thermoelectric material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001084693A JP2002289930A (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2001-03-23 | Method and device for manufacturing thermoelectric material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002289930A true JP2002289930A (en) | 2002-10-04 |
Family
ID=18940323
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008543110A (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2008-11-27 | ミシガン ステイト ユニバーシティー | Thermoelectric composition and method |
| US7932460B2 (en) | 2001-10-24 | 2011-04-26 | Zt Plus | Thermoelectric heterostructure assemblies element |
| US7952015B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2011-05-31 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Pb-Te-compounds doped with tin-antimony-tellurides for thermoelectric generators or peltier arrangements |
| US8277677B2 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2012-10-02 | Northwestern University | Mechanical strength and thermoelectric performance in metal chalcogenide MQ (M=Ge,Sn,Pb and Q=S, Se, Te) based compositions |
| US8778214B2 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2014-07-15 | Northwestern University | Thermoelectrics compositions comprising nanoscale inclusions in a chalcogenide matrix |
| US8795545B2 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2014-08-05 | Zt Plus | Thermoelectric materials having porosity |
-
2001
- 2001-03-23 JP JP2001084693A patent/JP2002289930A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7932460B2 (en) | 2001-10-24 | 2011-04-26 | Zt Plus | Thermoelectric heterostructure assemblies element |
| JP2008543110A (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2008-11-27 | ミシガン ステイト ユニバーシティー | Thermoelectric composition and method |
| JP2010212699A (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2010-09-24 | Michigan State Univ | Thermoelectric composition and method |
| US7847179B2 (en) | 2005-06-06 | 2010-12-07 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Thermoelectric compositions and process |
| JP4917091B2 (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2012-04-18 | ミシガン ステイト ユニバーシティー | Thermoelectric composition and method |
| US7952015B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2011-05-31 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Pb-Te-compounds doped with tin-antimony-tellurides for thermoelectric generators or peltier arrangements |
| US8277677B2 (en) | 2008-06-23 | 2012-10-02 | Northwestern University | Mechanical strength and thermoelectric performance in metal chalcogenide MQ (M=Ge,Sn,Pb and Q=S, Se, Te) based compositions |
| US8778214B2 (en) | 2009-09-25 | 2014-07-15 | Northwestern University | Thermoelectrics compositions comprising nanoscale inclusions in a chalcogenide matrix |
| US8795545B2 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2014-08-05 | Zt Plus | Thermoelectric materials having porosity |
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