JP2002284081A - Small boat - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a small boat which is lightweight, solid, with excellent safety, and easily disposable in scrapping. SOLUTION: By using honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 for a hull 1 of the small boat, reduction of a weight is achieved while maintaining high strength, a double bottom structure is provided, and excellent safety is achieved because air inside the hull 1 is sealed. Although the hull 1 requires combining the plurality of the honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, high rigidity can be maintained by fitting end parts of the honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 to notches 17 formed on frames 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. Furthermore, since the hull 1 is formed of aluminum, a disposal method after scraping causes no problem.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small boat mainly used for leisure such as fishing, which can be operated by rowing or a fourth-class small boat license.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are places where small rowing boats are rented out in lakes and beaches, and anyone can use the boats for a fixed time if they pay a fee. Some fishing enthusiasts also own rowing or motorized small boats to move freely over the water. A license is required to operate a powered boat. For example, when a powered boat having a gross tonnage of 5 tons or less is to be operated in coastal waters, a fourth- or fifth-class small boat license is required.

[0003] The material constituting the hull is generally steel in the case of large cargo ships and the like. However, small boats have limitations such as the hull shape being complicated, the need to reduce the weight in consideration of navigation speed and land transportation, and the need to ensure sufficient durability and strength. It is common to integrally mold the hull with reinforced plastics (hereinafter referred to as FRP).

[0004]

The problem with FRP boats is how to dispose of them after scrapping. Recycling and incineration are difficult, and crushing and landfilling is the only method. It is also difficult to make partial repairs if the hull is damaged. Due to such a problem of FRP, aluminum boats have also been manufactured in recent years, and have become the mainstream especially for bass fishing. Aluminum has advantages such as light weight, corrosion resistance, and easy recycling, but has disadvantages such as low strength compared to iron and welding of thin plates requires advanced technology. Aluminum small boats often have aluminum plates joined by rivets, but the rivets loosen over time and cause flooding. In addition, there is a problem with the strength, and there is a possibility that the hull will crack when sailing in the waves. Inspection and maintenance are required.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a small boat that is lightweight and robust, hardly sinks in the event of an accident, and can be recycled after being abandoned. I have.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a honeycomb core having hollow hexagonal columns continuously arranged, and an end face of the core. The hull of a small boat is constituted by a honeycomb panel composed of an outer plate and an inner plate adhered to the hull. The honeycomb panel has high flexural rigidity and widely disperses external force to the core, so it is strong against an impact load. In addition, since the inside is mostly air, the specific gravity is small and the heat insulating property is high. The honeycomb panel is usually a flat plate, and it is necessary to perform bending and joining as needed to form a hull. However, when the honeycomb panel is bent, the core may be deformed, or a shear force may be generated at the joint surface between the core and the outer plate and the inner plate, and in the worst case, the honeycomb panel may be broken. Therefore, in the present invention, after the outer plate in contact with the water surface is processed into a hull shape, the core is joined with an adhesive, and the inner plate on the inner side of the ship is formed and joined to the core. After the outer plate, the core and the inner plate are lightly joined, pressure is applied so as to sandwich the outer plate and the inner plate to complete the bonding.
Since the core itself has sufficient flexibility, there is no problem in deformation following the curved surface.

In the present invention, the material of the honeycomb panel is not particularly limited. However, since it is constantly in contact with water, it is necessary to ensure sufficient water resistance and corrosion resistance.Also, considering durability, weight, cost, and manufacturing technology, aluminum should be used for the core, outer plate, and inner plate. Optimal. In this case, since the honeycomb panel alone can float on the water surface, safety is excellent. Adhesives are used to join the core and the outer and inner plates, but the current adhesives have reached a level where there is no problem in both durability and impact resistance.

If the hull has a simple shape and is entirely composed of only straight lines and gentle curves, one aluminum plate is plastically worked to form the outer and inner plates of the hull, and the core is joined. It is not impossible. However, in this case, the shape of the hull is extremely limited, and repair in case of partial damage is almost impossible. Therefore, by adopting a method in which the hull is divided into a plurality of honeycomb panels and connected, the shape of one honeycomb panel can be simplified, so that productivity can be improved, and even if the hull is damaged, the honeycomb panel at the corresponding location can be improved. Replacing only one can reduce the time and labor required for repair.

When connecting a plurality of honeycomb panels, it is necessary to consider that a reduction in strength should be avoided as much as possible to reliably prevent water intrusion. It is difficult to weld and join aluminum honeycomb panels, and once welded, they cannot be separated, so they need to be fixed with bolts or rivets. To do this, besides the method of stacking the side faces of the honeycomb panel and passing bolts through this overlapping part, the end of the honeycomb panel is butted against each other, and a plate that contacts the side faces of both honeycomb panels is prepared. And the plate may be bolted. The former method makes it easy to prevent flooding because the overlapping portions of the honeycomb panels are in close contact with each other, but has a problem that the appearance of the hull is poor because the hull has a step, the resistance to water increases, and the livability in the ship decreases. The latter method also has a problem that the plate looks like a patch, and the appearance is also poor, and it is difficult to prevent water from entering.

[0010] The invention according to claim 2 solves these problems, and uses a rod-shaped frame having a notch into which the end of the honeycomb panel is fitted, and fixes each honeycomb panel through the frame. . In the design stage of the hull, first, the use position and shape of each honeycomb panel are determined, and then the shape of the frame for fixing the end of the adjacent honeycomb panel is determined. Furthermore, after temporarily assembling the honeycomb panel and frame, drill holes to pass bolts that fix both,
After screwing one end of this hole (outside of the frame), the bolt is attached. The bolts are continuously arranged at regular intervals to ensure sufficient strength, and by inserting the bolts from inside the boat, the bolt heads do not protrude into the water, so there is no water resistance and the appearance is good. The frame has a complicated curved surface according to the hull, but if aluminum is used like the honeycomb panel, various processing methods such as casting, extrusion, bending, and shaving can be selected. Absent.

[0011] The honeycomb panel is fitted into the cutout of the frame. However, if there is no gap at this portion, the honeycomb panel will not be flooded. But if there is no gap,
In addition to increasing the time and labor required for assembling, there are problems such as the inability to absorb dimensional errors during part production. Therefore, the notch width of the frame is made larger than the thickness of the honeycomb panel to provide a clearance, and a boundary between the honeycomb panel and the frame is coated with a curable resin called a sealing material to prevent water from entering. Also, if it is damaged during use, remove the bolts fixing the honeycomb panel and disassemble it, procure new parts for non-repairable parts and reassemble,
Can be restored.

The hull structure of the present invention is not necessarily limited to a small boat, but when this structure is adopted for a large ship, existing equipment cannot be used for the honeycomb panel bending and bonding processes. Manufacturing costs increase significantly. On the other hand, large ships are required to reduce manufacturing and operating costs to the utmost, and methods for building hulls have already been established. Therefore, the present invention is most suitable for a small boat in which the performance is relatively emphasized such as weight reduction and existing honeycomb panel manufacturing equipment can be used.

[0013]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a honeycomb panel. The honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 used in the present invention have an outer plate 3 in contact with water, an inner plate 4 on the inner side of the ship, and an inner core 2 made of aluminum. Is 3 mm in thickness to secure strength, and 1 m in thickness to make the inner plate 4 lightweight and to simplify bending.
m, and the core 2 has a face-to-face distance of each hexagon of about 20 mm,
The plate thickness is 0.5 mm. The thickness when the outer plate 3, the inner plate 4, and the core 2 are joined is 20 mm. Each of the honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 has a mass of about 12 kg per square meter, and can be floated alone on the water surface.

FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show the shape of a small boat according to the present invention. Hull 1 has a total length of 3.5
m, width 1.5m, capacity is assumed to be 2 people, total 6
Honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are used. In these drawings, the illustration of the bolt 18 is omitted. The side surface of the hull 1 is composed of a total of four side honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, and 8 which are symmetrical in two stages up and down. The reason for dividing the hull 1 vertically is that the curved shape of the front of the hull 1 is complicated, bending is difficult, and the shape per one piece is simplified. A bottom honeycomb panel 9 is attached to the bottom of the hull, and a rear honeycomb panel 10 is attached to the stern.
Each has a simple planar shape.

Each of the honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1
Each frame 11, 12, 13, 14, 1 connecting 0
5 and 16 are made of aluminum and manufactured by casting or extrusion. A front frame 11 passes through the center of the front of the hull 1 and side honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8 are fixed to the front frame. In addition, the side frames 12, 13, 1 are provided on the side surfaces.
4 and 15 pass in the horizontal direction, and the side honeycomb panels 5, 6, 7, 8 and the bottom honeycomb panel 9 are fixed to these. The rear stern has a rear honeycomb panel 10 fixed by a rear frame 16. As shown in FIG. 5A, two opposing notches 17 are provided in the cross section of the frame 12, and the other frames 11, 13, 14, 1
Notches 17 are provided in the cross sections 5 and 16 in substantially the same manner. Each honeycomb panel and each frame are connected by bolts 18. For example, the side honeycomb panels 5, 6 and the bottom honeycomb panel 9, and the frames 12, 13 are shown in FIG.
They are connected by the structure shown in (b).

The step of connecting each honeycomb panel and each frame with bolts 18 is performed in the following manner. First, the side honeycomb panels 5, 6 and the side frame 12 are combined, and the side honeycomb panels 7, 8 and the side frame 14 are combined.
Also combine. Next, after combining the front frame 11, the side frame 13, and the bottom honeycomb panel 9 into an aggregate of the side honeycomb panels 5, 6 and the side frame 12,
The assembly of the side honeycomb panels 7 and 8 and the side frame 14 is combined. When the rear frame 16 into which the rear honeycomb panel 10 is further inserted is combined, the hull 1 is completed. However, at this stage, each honeycomb panel and each frame are simply fitted and not connected. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the frames 12 and 13 and the honeycomb panels 5, 6 and 9 are connected to each other through bolts 18 at positions where they can penetrate. The bolts 18 are arranged at a constant interval L in the length direction of each frame, and here, L = 1
0 cm and other parts have the same structure. FIG. 7 shows a method of processing the mounting hole of the bolt 18, and first, (a).
Then, as shown in (b), the frame 13 is separated from each of the honeycomb panels 6 and 9 as shown in FIG.
The diameter of 9 is enlarged and the threaded portion 20 is processed. Finally, as shown in (c), the frame 13 and each of the honeycomb panels 6 and 9 are combined again, and the bolt 13 is completed. In the method shown in FIG. 7, since the assembling of the hull 1 is performed twice, it is troublesome. If there is no problem in the positional accuracy of the holes, the hole processing of each honeycomb panel and each frame is completed by itself, and the assembling work of the hull 1 is performed. Can be reduced to one time.

When all the honeycomb panels and all the frames are fixed, the hull 1 is completed. However, the joints between the honeycomb panels and the frames (for example, the side honeycomb panels 5 and the side frames 12) and the boundaries where the frames face each other. Part (for example, front frame 11 and side frame 12 near the front)
Because there is a gap and there is a risk of flooding, it is necessary to apply a sealing material without breaks and take measures. Further, the bolt 18 may be loosened over time. Even if several bolts 18 are loosened, it is not immediately dangerous, but it is desirable to take measures to prevent the bolts 18 from being loosened because the water can enter from here.

Further, equipment for carrying a person, such as a seat and a handrail, is required inside the ship. These equipment are hull 1
However, the inner panel 4 of the honeycomb panel is thin, and it is difficult to fix it by welding or screws. However, since the frame has a sufficient thickness, interior parts can be fixed using this portion. In addition, the honeycomb panel 5, which appears on the upper surface of the hull,
Since the cross-sections 7 and 10 have poor appearance and are sharp, wood or the like is bonded to this portion. In addition, it is necessary to equip all the necessary equipment for navigation, such as an all receiver and a propulsion device called an outboard motor.

[0019]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the hull of the small boat is formed of the honeycomb panel, the weight can be reduced while maintaining the high strength. High safety due to heavy structure. Moreover, since the honeycomb panel has air trapped inside and can maintain buoyancy by itself when the water is immersed in the ship, the worst case of sinking can be avoided. Furthermore, the use of aluminum honeycomb panels provides excellent water resistance and corrosion resistance, and there is no problem with the disposal method after the ship is abandoned.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of honeycomb panels can be freely combined, so that hulls of various shapes can be manufactured. In addition, by fitting the honeycomb panel into the notch provided in the frame, sufficient rigidity can be secured, and even if the bolts fixing the frame and the honeycomb panel are loosened, there is a possibility that the water may slightly flood, but the hull There is little danger of decomposing, and sufficient safety can be ensured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of a honeycomb panel.

2 (a), (b) and (c) are views showing the shape of the hull, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a right side view (left side of the hull), and (c) is a front view. is there.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the shape of a hull;
(A) is a rear view, and (B) is an end view of AA part of FIG. 2.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing the shape of a hull;
(A) is an end view of the BB portion of FIG. 2, and (B) is a C-
It is sectional drawing of the C section.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are examples of the cross-sectional shape of a frame, and FIG. 5B shows a method of connecting the frame and the honeycomb panel.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an arrangement of bolts for connecting the frame and the honeycomb panel.

7 (a), (b) and (c) are views showing a method of processing a mounting hole of a bolt for connecting the frame and the honeycomb panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 hull 2 core 3 outer plate 4 inner plate 5 honeycomb panel (upper right side) 6 honeycomb panel (lower right side) 7 honeycomb panel (upper left side) 8 honeycomb panel (lower left side) 9 honeycomb panel ( Bottom) 10 Honeycomb panel (rear) 11 Frame (front) 12 Frame (above right) 13 Frame (below right) 14 Frame (above left) 15 Frame (below left) 16 Frame (rear) ) 17 Notch 18 Bolt

Claims (2)

[Claims] The hull (1) has a honeycomb core (2).
And a honeycomb panel (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) in which an outer plate (3) covering an end surface thereof and an inner plate (4) are joined. 2. A hull (1) comprises a plurality of said honeycomb panels (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) and is provided on frames (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16). In the notch (17), the honeycomb panel (5, 6, 7, 8,
(9, 10) into the honeycomb panel (5, 5).
6, 7, 8, 9, 10) and frame (11, 12, 1)
A plurality of honeycomb panels (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) are connected by fixing both of them through bolts (18) penetrating through them (3, 14, 15, 16). The small boat according to 1.