JP2002283184A - Machining control method, its recording medium and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machining control method, its recording medium, and its device requiring no recalculation of a feed speed and a main spindle target position by an operator, and capable of easily changing a preparatory plan in a short time even when a kind of a tap and cutting tool changes, and an installing position on a spindle head changes. SOLUTION: This device has the spindle head for joining various kinds of taps or boring tools and a main spindle motor shaft by a gear. This method controls machining on the basis of a machining command for controlling a position or a speed of a feed shaft and a main spindle. A parameter table with a system parameter for controlling the feed shaft and the main spindle as one block is stored by a large number of blocks, a desired parameter table is selected according to a required machining command, and the position or the speed of the feed shaft and the main spindle is controlled according to the selected parameter table to cope with any gear combination of the spindle head. The parameter table can have a plurality of general purpose tools.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing control method for an apparatus having a shaft head in which a tool such as a variety of taps or holes and a spindle motor shaft are gear-coupled, a recording medium for the method, and a recording apparatus therefor. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, when tapping is performed, a synchronous tap method for precisely synchronizing the rotation of the tap with the movement of a feed shaft has become mainstream. When drilling with a tool such as a drill, machining is performed by describing the spindle rotation speed in the S code of the NC program. The configuration and operation of the prior art will be described with reference to FIG. First, a start button (not shown) is pressed from the operation panel 10 by an operator.
When the start button is pressed, a programmable controller (hereinafter, referred to as PLC) 20 reads a shaft head index number described in a memory (not shown), and outputs a position command to the shaft head index motor driving circuit 50. The shaft head indexing motor drive circuit 50 receives a position command from the PLC 20 as input, performs position control, and rotates the shaft head indexing motor 50M. A shaft head 80 is attached to the shaft head indexing motor 50M. In addition, tools such as a tool T1 for cutting a tap and a tool T2 for drilling are attached to the shaft head 80 so as to be gear-coupled to the spindle motor 60M.
FIG. 4 shows the state of gear connection. FIG. 4 shows a coupled state of a gear SG attached to the spindle motor 60M and a gear TG1 attached to a tool T1 for cutting a tap. In addition, in FIG. 4, when the shaft head 80 rotates, the gear TG2 attached to the tool T2 for drilling to newly gear-connect the gear SG,
And a gear TG3 attached to another drilling tool T3 (not shown). Next, when the indexing to the predetermined position is completed, if the tool selected by the PLC 20 is a tap, it is necessary to synchronize the spindle motor 60M and the spindle feed motor 70M, so the PLC 20 issues a synchronization command to the numerical controller 30. Output. Numerical control unit 3
0 receives a command from the PLC 20 as an input, and synchronously controls the drive circuit 60 for the spindle motor and the drive circuit 70 for the spindle feed motor. The spindle motor drive circuit 60 rotates the spindle motor 60M, and the spindle motor 60M
Rotates the tap T1 via the gear SG and the gear TG1 in the shaft head 80. On the other hand, the drive circuit 70 for the spindle feed motor rotates the spindle feed motor 70M, and rotates the ball screw 502 via the coupling coupling 500. The rotation of the ball screw 502 causes the ball screw 5 to rotate.
The headstock 504 attached to the workpiece 02 feeds the workpiece. Next, when the tool selected by the PLC 20 is a tool T2 or T3 for drilling (hereinafter, these are simply referred to as cutting tools), there is no need to synchronize the spindle motor 60M and the spindle feed motor 70M. Is the speed control and the spindle feed motor 70M
Performs position control. Conventionally, the tap feed and cutting tool feed operations have been described by an NC program.

[0003]

However, for example, the feed speed of the tap which needs to be described in the NC program is determined from the pitch, gear ratio and rotation speed of the spindle, and the feed speed of the cutting tool is determined by the gear ratio and rotation speed of the spindle. The operator calculated the speed and entered it. When the type of tap changes, the pitch changes, and when the mounting position of the tap and the cutting tool changes, the gear ratio changes. The operator has to repeat the calculation each time, which time is a heavy burden on the operator, and there is a problem that the working efficiency is greatly reduced. An object of the present invention is that even if the types of taps and cutting tools are changed or the mounting position on the shaft head is changed, it is not necessary for the operator to recalculate the feed speed and the spindle target position again, and it is easy and in a short time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing control method capable of changing the setup, its recording medium and its apparatus.

[0004]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a tool, such as a variety of taps or drills, and a spindle motor shaft have a shaft head that is gear-coupled, and the feed shaft and the spindle are position-controlled or speed-controlled. In a method of controlling machining based on a machining command for controlling, a parameter table having a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block is stored in a large number of blocks, and a desired parameter table is stored in accordance with a necessary machining command. The gist of the present invention is to perform position control or speed control of the feed shaft and the main shaft according to the selected parameter table. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, the system parameter can correspond to any combination of gears at the shaft head. The invention of claim 3 provides claim 1 or claim 2.
Wherein the system parameter is capable of having a plurality of general-purpose tools. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer stores a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block, and selects a desired parameter table in accordance with a necessary machining command. The present invention provides a computer-readable recording medium that records a program for controlling the position or speed of a feed axis and a spindle according to a parameter table described above. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided storage means for storing a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block; The gist of the present invention is a machining control device including control means for performing position control or speed control of a feed shaft and a spindle according to the selected parameter table.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a tool such as a variety of taps or holes and a spindle motor shaft have a shaft head that is gear-coupled, and perform position control or speed control of the feed shaft and the spindle. In the method of controlling machining based on machining commands for storing a large number of parameter tables in which system parameters for controlling the feed axis and the spindle are defined as one block, and selecting a desired parameter table according to necessary machining commands. And position control or speed control of the feed shaft and the main shaft according to the selected parameter table.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the function of the first aspect is realized because the system parameter can correspond to any combination of gears on the shaft head. Claim 3
According to the present invention, the system parameter can include a plurality of general-purpose tools.
Alternatively, the function of claim 2 is realized. The invention of claim 4 is
A computer stores a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block, selects a desired parameter table according to a required machining command, and sets a feed axis according to the selected parameter table. By using a computer-readable recording medium that records a program for controlling the position or speed of the main spindle, the computer that reads the recording medium can function as each of the above units. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided storage means for storing a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block; There is provided a means of a machining control device comprising control means for performing position control or speed control of the feed axis and the spindle in accordance with the selected parameter table.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a processing control device for implementing the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes an operation panel that performs input and output with a machine. Operation panel 10 is PLC
The PLC 20 is connected to the axis I index control circuit 50A and the communication I / F 17 of the numerical controller 300.
0 is connected. The shaft head indexing control circuit 50A is connected to a shaft head indexing amplifier 50B, and the shaft head indexing amplifier 50B is connected to a shaft head indexing motor 50M.
The communication I / F 170 is connected to the BUS I / F 172. BUS I / F 172 is communication I / F 1
74, main CPU 180, ROM 182, RAM 18
4 and a power supply backup RAM (hereinafter referred to as BRAM) 186. BRAM 186 is NC
Program area 186A, system parameter area 18
6B and a work area 186C. BR
The NC program executed by the main CPU 180 is described in the NC program area 186A in the AM 186. The main CPU 180 outputs a positioning command value to each control axis according to the NC program. Also, R
The system parameter area 186B in the AM 186 includes:
Main parameters of the servo control unit related to the processing shown in FIG. 2 are described. For example, a parameter table 200 described as main shaft 1 indicates main parameters of a certain tap or cutting tool. That is, one block is composed of system parameters from the P1620 spindle shaft rotation amount to the P1632 position correction start feed motor speed command. Such a parameter table is prepared in a total of ten types, that is, ten blocks, from the spindle 1 to the spindle 10, and can correspond to most cutting tools used for machining. Further, various state quantities are stored in a work area 186C in the BRAM 186. The communication I / F 174 is connected to the spindle control circuit 60A and the spindle feed control circuit 70A. The spindle control circuit 60A is connected to a spindle amplifier 60B, and the spindle amplifier 60B is connected to a spindle motor 60M. The spindle feed control circuit 70A is connected to the spindle feed amplifier 70B,
The spindle feed amplifier 70B is connected to a spindle feed motor 70M.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. When the operator presses a start button (not shown) on the operation panel 10, the start command is written into the RAM 184 in the numerical controller 300 via the PLC 20. The main CPU 180 starts operating when the power is turned on, and executes the operation according to the program described in the ROM 182. Next, the main CPU 180 selects a parameter currently used, for example, the main spindle 1 from the parameter table of the main spindle 1 to the main spindle 10 stored in the system parameter area 186c, and executes a spindle rotation speed, a main spindle feed position, and a speed. Is calculated. The calculated command values are transmitted as input values to the spindle control circuit 60A and the spindle feed control circuit 70A via the communication I / F 174. In the spindle control circuit 60A and the spindle feed control circuit 70A, position, speed and current control are performed, and the spindle amplifier 60B and the spindle feed amplifier 70A are controlled.
A control signal required for driving B is output. A controlled current is output from the spindle amplifier 60B to drive the spindle motor 60M. The spindle feed amplifier 70
A controlled current is output from B, and the spindle feed motor 70M is driven to perform necessary machining. When a command for processing another workpiece or another processing surface of the same workpiece is issued, another type of parameter, for example, the spindle 2 stored in the system parameter area 186c is selected, and similar control is performed. .

Next, a method of calculating the target spindle position at the time of tapping according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, step 3
At 00, the spindle shaft rotation amount P1 is read from the system parameter area 186B. Next, in step 302, the spindle motor shaft rotation amount P2 is read from the system parameter area 186B. Next, the routine proceeds to step 304, where the gear ratio Gr is calculated. Next, step 3
In step 06, the spindle rotation degree S is decoded from the NC program. Next, proceeding to step 308, the feed speed V is calculated from the spindle speed S and the tap pitch PT. Next, the routine proceeds to step 310, where the feed target position is calculated by using the system parameters. Next, step 3
Proceeding to 12, the conversion coefficient K1 is obtained by calculation using the spindle motor detector resolution and the feed motor detector resolution. Next, the routine proceeds to step 314, where the conversion coefficient K2 is calculated by the feed ball screw pitch and the tap pitch. Next, step 3
Then, the program proceeds to step 16 to send the spindle target position to the feed target position and the conversion coefficient K.
It is obtained by calculation using 1, K2 and the gear ratio Gr.

In the above embodiment, a tool such as various taps or holes and a spindle motor shaft have a shaft head which is gear-coupled, and a machining command for controlling the position or speed of the feed shaft and the spindle. In the method of controlling the machining based on the above, the means for storing a large number of parameter tables each including the system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block is constituted by a system parameter area 186B in the BRAM 186. A machining control method is characterized in that a desired parameter table is selected in accordance with a required machining command, and the feed axis and the spindle are position-controlled or speed-controlled in accordance with the selected parameter table.
U180, ROM 182 and spindle control circuit 60
A, comprises a spindle feed control device 70A. Next, the means by which the system parameters can correspond to any combination of gears at the head of the shaft are a system parameter area 186B in the BRAM 186 and the main CPU 18.
0, the function of which is achieved in steps 300-304. In addition, the means for enabling the system parameter to have a plurality of general-purpose tools is a BRA
It comprises an NC program area 186A, a system parameter area 186B and a main CPU 180 in M186. Also, the computer stores a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block, selects a desired parameter table in accordance with a necessary machining command, and feeds according to the selected parameter table. A computer-readable recording medium that stores a program for controlling the position and speed of the shaft and the main shaft is configured by the ROM 182.

In the above-described embodiment, the system parameters for controlling the feed axis and the main axis are stored as one block, but they may be stored in separate blocks. Further, the selection means can be selected by using the I / O signal of the PLC, but may be selected by a program of the numerical controller.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to store a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block.
Therefore, a desired parameter table can be selected according to a necessary machining command. By having a means capable of responding to any combination of gears at the shaft head in the parameter table, for example, even if the type of tap is changed and the pitch is changed, the mounting ratio of the tap and the blade is changed and the gear ratio is changed. In other words, the operator does not need to repeat the calculation each time. Therefore, work efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0012]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system parameter diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a spindle target position calculation at the time of tapping according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a gear configuration diagram of a shaft head in a conventional processing apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a conventional processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 operation panel 20 PLC 30 numerical control device (conventional configuration) 50M shaft head indexing motor 60M spindle motor 70M spindle drive motor 80 shaft head T1 tap T2 cutting tool 180 main CPU 182 ROM 184 RAM 186 BRAM 200 Tap parameter table of spindle 1 300 Numerical controller (configuration of the present invention)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A tool, such as a multi-tap or drilling tool, and a spindle motor shaft have a shaft head that is gear-coupled, and machining is performed based on a machining command for controlling the position and speed of a feed shaft and a spindle. In the controlling method, a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block are stored, a desired parameter table is selected according to a necessary machining command, and a feed is performed according to the selected parameter table. A machining control method characterized by controlling the position and speed of an axis and a spindle. 2. The machining control method according to claim 1, wherein the system parameter can correspond to any combination of gears of the shaft head. 3. The machining control method according to claim 1, wherein the system parameter can include a plurality of general-purpose tools. 4. A computer stores a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block, selects a desired parameter table in accordance with a necessary machining command, and selects the selected parameter. A computer-readable recording medium in which a program for controlling the position or speed of the feed shaft and the main shaft according to the table is recorded. 5. A storage means for storing a large number of parameter tables each including a system parameter for controlling the feed axis and the spindle as one block; a selection means for selecting a desired parameter table in accordance with a required machining command; A machining control device comprising control means for performing position control or speed control of a feed shaft and a main shaft in accordance with a set parameter table.