JP2002275858A - Gravitational structure - Google Patents
Gravitational structureInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002275858A JP2002275858A JP2001080141A JP2001080141A JP2002275858A JP 2002275858 A JP2002275858 A JP 2002275858A JP 2001080141 A JP2001080141 A JP 2001080141A JP 2001080141 A JP2001080141 A JP 2001080141A JP 2002275858 A JP2002275858 A JP 2002275858A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- external force
- main external
- caisson
- gravity
- type structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、主に防波堤や護岸
に使用されるケーソン等の重力式構造物であって、偏心
抑制効果を利用することにより低廉化した重力式構造物
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gravitational structure such as a caisson used mainly for breakwaters and seawalls, and which is inexpensive by utilizing the effect of suppressing eccentricity.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、防波堤や護岸等の構築に使用され
るケーソン等の重力式構造物は、十分な安全性を確保す
る必要があり、波浪等の外力を考慮した上で、「滑
動」、「転倒」、「支持力」等に関する安定計算を行
い、その安定計算を基に設計されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, gravitational structures such as caissons used for construction of breakwaters, seawalls, etc., need to secure sufficient safety. In consideration of external forces such as waves, "sliding" , "Fall", "bearing capacity", etc., and are designed based on the stability calculations.
【０００３】また、製作されるケーソン等の重力式構造
物は、一般的に、左右（前後）対称な形状に形成され、
構造物底面において重力が作用する位置は、略中央部分
にくるようになっている。しかし、波浪等の外力を受け
ることによって、図８に示すように、荷重合力が構造物
底面に作用する位置は中央部分より主外力方向に変位す
る。[0003] In general, a gravity type structure such as a caisson to be manufactured is formed in a symmetrical shape (left and right).
The position where gravity acts on the bottom surface of the structure is substantially at the center. However, when an external force such as a wave is received, as shown in FIG. 8, the position where the resultant load acts on the bottom surface of the structure is displaced from the central portion in the main external force direction.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、コストの縮減
が要求される昨今において、上述のような従来の技術で
は、構造物に対する地盤支持力が弱い箇所に設置する等
の場合、十分な安定性を確保するためにケーソン等構造
物の幅を広げて支持力を確保せざるを得ず、材料費や制
作費がその分嵩んでしまい、コスト縮減と相反するとい
う問題があった。However, in recent years in which cost reduction is required, in the above-described conventional technology, when the device is installed at a place where the ground support force for a structure is weak, sufficient stability is required. However, there is no choice but to increase the width of the caisson or other structure to secure the supporting force, and the material cost and the production cost are increased by that amount, which conflicts with the cost reduction.
【０００５】本発明は、このような従来の技術の状況を
鑑み、安定性が高く、また経済性にも優れた重力式構造
物の提供を目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances of the related art, and has as its object to provide a gravity type structure having high stability and excellent economic efficiency.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上述の如き従来の問題を
解決し、所期の目的を達成するための本発明の特徴は、
設置場所にて受ける主外力を予め想定し、該想定された
主外力の向きとは反対方向に重心を偏らせて形成したこ
とにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The features of the present invention for solving the conventional problems as described above and achieving the intended purpose are as follows.
The main external force received at the installation location is assumed in advance, and the center of gravity is formed in a direction opposite to the direction of the assumed main external force.
【０００７】尚、主外力側に単位体積当たりの重量が重
い中詰め材を投入してもよく、付帯構造物を主外力側に
寄せて構築してもよく、主外力側を大きく形成し非対称
形状としてもよい。In addition, a filling material having a heavy weight per unit volume may be introduced into the main external force side, or the auxiliary structure may be constructed with the main external force side shifted. It may be shaped.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明に係る重力式構造物
の実施形態の一例を図１〜図４について説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a gravity type structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
【０００９】図において、１はケーソン、２は設置地盤
であり、ケーソン１の設置場所において図中矢印の方向
で波浪等からなる主外力を受けるものとする。In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a caisson, and 2 denotes a ground where the caisson 1 is installed.
【００１０】このケーソン１は、図２に示すように、内
部が隔壁３，３…により仕切られ複数の中詰め空間４，
４…に分割されている。As shown in FIG. 2, the caisson 1 is internally partitioned by partitions 3, 3.
4 ...
【００１１】主外力側にある中詰め空間４ａ，４ｂに
は、単位体積当たりの重量が重い鉄鋼スラグ５が充填さ
れ、その他の中詰め空間には、通常用いられる中詰め材
の砂６が充填されており、重心位置ｇが前方（主外力の
向きとは反対方向）に偏るようになっている。The filling spaces 4a and 4b on the main external force side are filled with a steel slag 5 having a heavy weight per unit volume, and the other filling spaces are filled with sand 6 of a usual filling material. The center of gravity g is biased forward (in the direction opposite to the direction of the main external force).
【００１２】このように構成することにより、図３に示
すように、ケーソン底部に作用する荷重合力が、従来の
ケーソン（図８）と比べて、底部中央部に近い位置で作
用し（ｅ2＜ｅ1）、重心位置を変えることにより主外力
に対してプレストレスに似た効果が得られ、主外力を受
けた際には安定するようになっている。With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 3, the resultant load acting on the bottom of the caisson acts at a position closer to the center of the bottom as compared with the conventional caisson (FIG. 8) (e 2). <E 1 ), by changing the position of the center of gravity, an effect similar to a prestress is obtained with respect to the main external force, and it is stabilized when the main external force is received.
【００１３】図面における奥行き方向の幅を単位幅とし
て、地盤より受ける反力Ｐは次式で現される。ここで、
Ｖは鉛直荷重、Ｂはケーソン幅、ｂは反力の作用幅、ｅ
はケーソン底部における中央部から荷重合力作用位置ま
での距離であり、添付数字は１が従来例、２が本実施例
の場合を示す。ｅ＞１／６Ｂの場合、The reaction force P received from the ground is expressed by the following equation, using the width in the depth direction in the drawing as a unit width. here,
V is the vertical load, B is the caisson width, b is the working width of the reaction force, e
Is the distance from the center at the bottom of the caisson to the position where the resultant load acts, and the attached numbers are 1 for the conventional example and 2 for the present embodiment. If e> １ ／ B,
【００１４】[0014]
【式１】 仮にｅ1をＢ／３、ｅ2をＢ／４とすると、地盤反力Ｐ、
反力の作用幅ｂはそれぞれ表１に示すようになり、本発
明の場合の反力Ｐ2が従来例Ｐ1の約６７％に減少し、本
発明の場合の作用幅ｂ2が従来例ｂ1の約１．５倍に広が
ることとなり、反力が分散されていることが分かる。(Equation 1) Assuming that the the e 1 B / 3, e 2 and B / 4, ground reaction forces P,
The effective width b of the reaction force is as shown in Table 1, respectively, the reaction force P 2 is reduced to approximately 67% of the conventional example P 1, the effective width b 2 is a conventional example of the present invention in the case of the present invention It becomes about 1.5 times as large as b 1 , indicating that the reaction force is dispersed.
【００１５】[0015]
【表１】 また、所定の安全率に対して、本発明に係る構造物の
（極限支持力Ｑu）／（地盤反力Ｐ）比、（抵抗モーメ
ントＭR／転倒モーメントＭD）比、及び（底面滑動抵抗
Ｈu）／（作用水平力Ｈ）比は従来例より増加する。即
ち、「支持力」、「転倒」、「滑動」に対する安定性が
向上する。[Table 1] Further, for a given safety factor, the (extreme support force Qu) / (ground reaction force P) ratio, the (resistance moment M R / overturning moment M D ) ratio, and the (bottom sliding resistance) of the structure according to the present invention. The ratio Hu) / (acting horizontal force H) is greater than in the prior art. That is, the stability against "supporting force", "falling over" and "sliding" is improved.
【００１６】これらの安定計算の結果を表２に示す。
尚、表中のケーソン諸元欄に記す、Ｂは堤幅、Ｌは堤長
さ、Ｈは堤高さを示している。Table 2 shows the results of these stability calculations.
Note that, in the caisson specification column in the table, B indicates the bank width, L indicates the bank length, and H indicates the bank height.
【００１７】表中イは図４（イ）に示すように、堤幅Ｂ
１９ｍ、堤長さＬ１２ｍ、堤高さＨ１５ｍに形成された
従来のケーソンであり、ロは図４（ロ）に示すように堤
幅Ｂをイのケーソンより０．５ｍ短くした１８．５ｍ、
堤長さＬ１２ｍ、堤高さＨ１５ｍに形成された単に従来
例より堤幅を狭めたケーソン、ハは図４（ハ）に示すよ
うに、ロのケーソンと同様、堤幅Ｂ１８．５ｍ、堤長さ
Ｌ１２ｍ、堤高さＨ１５ｍに形成され、前方の中詰め空
間に重量の重い中詰め材を詰め、重心を主外力とは反対
方向に偏らせたケーソンである。As shown in FIG. 4 (a), a in the table represents a bank width B
A conventional caisson formed at 19 m, levee length L12 m, and levee height H15 m. As shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4 (c), a caisson having a levee length of L12m and a levee height of H15m and a levee width narrower than that of the conventional example, as shown in FIG. This caisson is formed with a height of L12 m and a height of bank of H15 m, and fills a middle filling space in front with a heavy filling material, and biases the center of gravity in a direction opposite to the main external force.
【００１８】[0018]
【表２】 表２からも分かるように、ロのケーソンは、「滑動」及
び「支持力」において、基準値を満たさないが、ハのケ
ーソンは堤幅を狭めても重心位置を主外力とは反対方向
に偏らせたことによりほぼイのケーソン（従来）と同様
な数値が得られた。即ち、ケーソン１の安定性が向上し
たことで、ケーソンの堤幅Ｂを狭めても十分な安定性を
確保できる。[Table 2] As can be seen from Table 2, the caisson of B does not meet the reference values for "sliding" and "bearing force", but the caisson of C has the center of gravity in the opposite direction to the main external force even if the dike width is narrowed. Due to the bias, a value almost similar to that of A caisson (conventional) was obtained. That is, since the stability of the caisson 1 is improved, sufficient stability can be ensured even when the width B of the caisson is reduced.
【００１９】次に、本発明に係る重力式構造物の他の実
施例について図５について説明する。尚、上述の実施例
と同様な部分については同一符号を付して説明する。Next, another embodiment of the gravity type structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those in the above-described embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.
【００２０】図において、１はケーソン、７はケーソン
１に付帯して構築される灯台等の付帯構築物である。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a caisson, and reference numeral 7 denotes an incidental structure such as a lighthouse attached to the caisson 1.
【００２１】ケーソン１は、上述のケーソン同様に内部
が六つの中詰め空間４，４…に別れており、各中詰め空
間には、同じ中詰め材が詰められている。一方、ケーソ
ン１の上部には、前方（主外力とは反対向きに）寄せ
て、付帯構築物７が構築されている。このように構成す
ることにより、付帯構築物７の重量により、重心が前方
（主外力の向きとは反対方向）に偏るようになってい
る。The caisson 1 is divided into six middle spaces 4, 4,... Like the above-mentioned caisson, and each middle space is filled with the same middle material. On the other hand, on the upper part of the caisson 1, the incidental structure 7 is constructed so as to approach forward (in a direction opposite to the main external force). With this configuration, the center of gravity is biased forward (in the direction opposite to the direction of the main external force) due to the weight of the incidental structure 7.
【００２２】表２中、ニは図６（ニ）に示すように、堤
幅Ｂ２１ｍ、堤長さＬ１２ｍ、堤高さＨ１５ｍに形成さ
れ、付帯構築物７をケーソン１の中央部分に構築した構
造物であり、ホは図６（ホ）に示すように、堤幅Ｂ２１
ｍ、堤長さＬ１２ｍ、堤高さＨ１５ｍに形成され、付帯
構築物７を前方（主外力とは反対方向に）寄せて構築し
た構造物である。As shown in FIG. 6 (d), in FIG. 6 (d), a structure is formed having a bank width of B21 m, a bank length of L12 m, and a bank height of H15 m. And E is a bank width B21 as shown in FIG.
m, levee length L12 m, and levee height H15 m, and is a structure constructed by bringing the incidental structure 7 forward (in the direction opposite to the main external force).
【００２３】ホのケーソンの方が、「転倒」、「支持
力」において、従来のケーソンニより高い数値が得られ
た。即ち、付帯構築物を前方（主外力とは反対方向に）
寄せて重心位置を主外力とは反対方向に偏らせることに
より、重力式構造物の安全性が向上することがわかる。The caisson E had higher values for "falling over" and "supporting force" than the conventional caisson. That is, the incidental structure is moved forward (in the direction opposite to the main external force).
It can be seen that the safety of the gravity type structure is improved by shifting the position of the center of gravity in the direction opposite to the main external force.
【００２４】また、付帯構築物７の具体例として、図７
に示すように、ケーソン１の前方（主外力とは反対向き
に）寄せて、風力発電用の風車を構築する場合等があ
る。FIG. 7 shows a specific example of the incidental structure 7.
As shown in (1), there is a case where a wind turbine for wind power generation is constructed by moving forward of the caisson 1 (in a direction opposite to the main external force).
【００２５】また、以上の実施例の他にも、ケーソン１
を非対称形状として主外力側を大きく形成することによ
り、重心位置を主外力とは反対方向に偏らせても良い。In addition to the above embodiments, the caisson 1
May be formed in an asymmetric shape so that the main external force side is made large, so that the position of the center of gravity is deviated in a direction opposite to the main external force.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の効果】上述のように、本発明に係る重力式構造
物は、設置場所にて受ける主外力を予め想定し、該想定
された主外力の向きとは反対方向に重心を偏らせて形成
したことにより、地盤反力が分散され、安全性を高める
ことができる。一方、安全性が高まった分、構造物の幅
を狭めることができ、ケーソン等の制作費や材料費等を
削減することができ、十分な安全性を保ちつつ安価にケ
ーソン等の重量式構造物を製作することができる。As described above, in the gravity type structure according to the present invention, the main external force received at the installation location is assumed in advance, and the center of gravity is biased in a direction opposite to the direction of the assumed main external force. Due to the formation, the ground reaction force is dispersed, and the safety can be enhanced. On the other hand, the increased safety can reduce the width of the structure, reduce the cost of producing caisson and other materials, reduce the cost of materials, and so on. Things can be made.
【００２７】また、主外力側に単位体積当たりの重量が
重い中詰め材を投入したことにより、若しくは、付帯構
造物を主外力側に寄せて構築したことにより、或いは、
主外力側を大きく形成し非対称形状としたことにより、
好適に重心を主外力の向きと反対方向に傾けることがで
きる。[0027] Also, by putting a filling material having a heavy weight per unit volume on the main external force side, or by constructing the attached structure to the main external force side, or
By making the main external force side large and making it asymmetrical,
Preferably, the center of gravity can be inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of the main external force.
【図１】本発明に係る重力式構造物の実施例の一例を示
す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of an embodiment of a gravity type structure according to the present invention.
【図２】同上のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
【図３】本発明に係る重力式構造物の力学的状態を示す
説明用側面図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory side view showing a mechanical state of the gravity type structure according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明に係るケーソンと従来例のケーソンとの
形状を比較する断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view comparing the shape of a caisson according to the present invention and a conventional caisson.
【図５】本発明に係る重力式構造物の他の実施例を示す
断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the gravity type structure according to the present invention.
【図６】同上の付帯構築物の設置位置を比較した断面図
である。FIG. 6 is a sectional view comparing installation positions of the incidental structures according to the first embodiment.
【図７】同上の重力式構造物に具体的な付帯構築物を構
築した例を示す断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a specific incidental structure is constructed on the gravity type structure.
【図８】従来の重力式構造物の力学的状態を示す説明用
側面図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory side view showing a mechanical state of a conventional gravity type structure.
１ ケーソン ２ 設置地盤 ３ 隔壁 ４ 中詰め空間 ５ 鉄鋼スラグ（重量が重い中詰材） ６ 砂（通常用いられる中詰材） ７ 付帯構築物 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Caisson 2 Installation ground 3 Partition wall 4 Filling space 5 Steel slag (heavy filling material) 6 Sand (usual filling material) 7 Ancillary structures
Claims (4)
該想定された主外力の向きとは反対方向に重心を偏らせ
て形成したことを特徴としてなる重力式構造物。(1) Assuming in advance the main external force received at the installation location,
A gravity type structure characterized by being formed with its center of gravity deviated in a direction opposite to the direction of the assumed main external force.
詰め材を投入した請求項１に記載の重力式構造物。2. The gravity type structure according to claim 1, wherein a filling material having a heavy weight per unit volume is introduced into the main external force side.
求項１に記載の重力式構造物。3. The gravity type structure according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary structure is constructed by moving the auxiliary structure toward the main external force.
請求項１に記載の重力式構造物。4. The gravitational structure according to claim 1, wherein the main external force side is formed large and has an asymmetric shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001080141A JP2002275858A (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2001-03-21 | Gravitational structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001080141A JP2002275858A (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2001-03-21 | Gravitational structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002275858A true JP2002275858A (en) | 2002-09-25 |
Family
ID=18936479
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001080141A Pending JP2002275858A (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2001-03-21 | Gravitational structure |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009203664A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | Infill for caisson, and caisson, and water area structure |
| JP2011518968A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2011-06-30 | アクシオナ ウインドパワー，ソシエダッド アノニマ | Support material for offshore wind turbine, its manufacturing process and installation method |
| KR101475604B1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-12-22 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | File type apparatus for mounting the tidal current generator on caisson |
| KR101547012B1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-08-24 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus for mounting the tidal current generator on caisson |
| JP2016079804A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-05-16 | ソク−ムン，キム | Offshore lighthouse structure |
-
2001
- 2001-03-21 JP JP2001080141A patent/JP2002275858A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009203664A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | Infill for caisson, and caisson, and water area structure |
| JP2011518968A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2011-06-30 | アクシオナ ウインドパワー，ソシエダッド アノニマ | Support material for offshore wind turbine, its manufacturing process and installation method |
| EP2302137B1 (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2021-07-14 | Nordex Energy Spain, S.A. | Supporting element for an offshore wind turbine, production method thereof and method for installing same |
| KR101475604B1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-12-22 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | File type apparatus for mounting the tidal current generator on caisson |
| KR101547012B1 (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2015-08-24 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus for mounting the tidal current generator on caisson |
| JP2016079804A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-05-16 | ソク−ムン，キム | Offshore lighthouse structure |
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