JP2002267093A - Structural member and structure using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structural member naturally producing a curved shape with small curvature by providing a local strain absorbing part in a part at a curve when forming a structure using pipe materials with deformed cross section having functional faces and a design face on the outer circumferential face and provide a structure using the structural members. SOLUTION: This pipe structural member 1 with the deformed cross section is so constituted that parts 1a and 1c to be the functional face and a part 1b forming the design face are formed along the axis in the outer circumferential face. A recessed part 3 is provided along the axis inside a neutral axis in the curve part 2. The structure is constituted by assembling a corner part or the curved part with the small curvature in the curved part of the structure using the pipe structural member 1 with the deformed cross section.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structural member having a bent section formed on a deformed cross-section tube having a functional surface or a design surface on its outer surface with a minimum allowable curvature without impairing the function or design. The present invention relates to a structure using a structural member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the improvement of material processing technology, structural members that have been subjected to various types of processing to secondary processed structural materials to enhance not only design effects but also functionality have been used. Is being built. For example, various construction machines which can be equipped with a hydraulic shovel or a working machine, or an operator cab (cabin) mounted on a vehicle body of an agricultural machine or the like can be given as examples.

In such a cabin, a tubular member is used as a structural member in order to reduce the weight, and a structural member having a deformed cross section that further imparts functionality to the tubular member is employed. . That is, in the cabin, windows, doors, and the like are provided around the cabin, and airtightness is naturally required in these mounting portions. Therefore, a lot of processing must be performed on the mounting surface. Therefore, in order to facilitate the additional processing and to make it possible to directly use the side surface of the structural member, a tube material formed into a shape having an outer shape in accordance with them, that is, a so-called irregular cross-section tube is adopted. ing. Above all, in the cabin used for a hydraulic excavator, the front window of the cabin needs to be able to open and operate the glass window, and in general, a guide for opening and closing the glass window from the front portion of the cabin to the ceiling. Rails must be provided. For this reason, it is necessary that the guide rail attachment portion be capable of smoothly guiding, particularly at a corner portion serving as a joint between the front pillar and the ceiling side beam, and it is absolutely required that the guide rail attachment portion be curved. ing.

[0004] For this reason, if a pipe having an irregular cross-section is used, it is difficult to bend the pipe, since the cross-section of the pipe is not substantially uniform like a normal steel pipe. Where you need to configure
For example, as shown in FIG. 9, using another part (curve forming part 100) having a bent portion formed in an elbow shape,
A system is adopted in which straight pipe members 110 are connected to both ends to assemble. The elbow-shaped curve forming part 100 is formed by sheet metal and press working to have the same outer dimensions as the pipe member 110 having an irregular cross-section constituting the straight part.
They are fitted to the ten ends and are integrally joined by welding. In some cases, a cast steel product or the like is formed and used in the same outer shape as that formed by the plate. In addition, because it cannot be bent,
The straight pipe is formed by butt welding at the corner as it is, and the required parts are attached using other members.

[0005]

As described above, when constructing the framework of the cabin by using the irregularly shaped pipe,
Since it is difficult to form the corner portion in a curved line, if a part for a corner formed separately by press working or the like is used as described above, the number of welding points is increased, which is not preferable in appearance. For this reason, maintenance of the welded parts is required, which requires a lot of man-hours and increases costs. In addition, since the joint is welded, deterioration of the fatigue strength is inevitable, which is a factor of breakage.

As a means for solving such a problem, an attempt has been made to use a pipe which is bent at the corner portion using the same kind of pipe material. This makes it possible to construct a more effective structure than the corner parts formed by separate press working as described above, but the bending radius cannot be reduced due to the cross-sectional structure, resulting in a large bend. Visibility had to be sacrificed. Moreover, since an unreasonable external force acts at the time of bending, wrinkles are easily generated on the inner peripheral portion of the bend, and the shape becomes unsightly in appearance,
There are problems such as.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned situation, and is a bent portion when a structure is formed by using a pipe having a deformed cross section provided with a functional surface and a design surface on an outer peripheral surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a structural member in which a bent portion having a small curvature is naturally created by providing a local strain absorbing portion in the portion, and a structure using the structural member.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a structural member according to a first aspect of the present invention has an irregular shape in which a functional surface and a design surface are formed on an outer peripheral surface along an axis. The cross-sectional tube is characterized in that a concave shape is provided along the axis inside the neutral axis in the bent portion.

According to the present invention, since the pipe is deformed in cross section, stresses in different directions are generated inside and outside the neutral axis when the pipe is bent, and especially the pipe wall is formed inside the neutral axis on which compressive stress acts. Swelling and deforming to both sides with less resistance,
By forming the recess inside the bent portion along the axis, the structure in which the compressive stress is absorbed by the recess formed portion can be a bent shape having a minimum allowable radius without impairing the bending quality. Therefore, there is an effect that the functional surface and the design surface on the outer surface of the tube are maintained, and a structural member having an excellent appearance can be provided according to the application.

It is preferable that the concave portion is provided at least in a portion other than the design surface (second invention). In this case, the purpose is achieved without impairing the design. Further, in the case where the recessed portion is used as a functional surface, when a functional member is located in the portion, if a required member is attached so as to fend off an upper portion of the functional member, a structure that protrudes to the outside may be used. There is no trouble because there is no.

Next, a structure according to a third aspect of the present invention is constructed by using the structural member according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a functional surface and a design surface are formed on an outer peripheral surface along an axis. In a structure formed by using a modified cross-section tubing, at a corner portion or a place where a curved portion having a small curvature is formed, an inside of a neutral axis in the bent portion of the modified cross-section tubing is formed along an axis. A concave shape is formed.

In the present invention, when the design surface of the modified cross-section tubular material to be used is turned outward and the frame is formed into a required shape in combination with another member / similar member, the curved portion is formed. By forming the bent portion by forming a concave shape inside the bend, the curvature of the bend can be used by being subjected to a small bending process to, for example, a state almost close to the outer dimension in the bending direction, especially in a corner portion. When a bend is required, the design effect can be enhanced. In addition, for example, when used as a frame of an operator's cab in a construction machine, what has conventionally been divided and used to connect parts separately at a corner portion is configured by bending the essential part of one pipe material. By doing so, it is possible to obtain a structure with improved workability and improved functionality and design effects.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, specific embodiments of a structural member according to the first invention and a structure using the same according to the third invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main part of a structural member according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.

An embodiment of the structural member shown in FIG.
The cross-sectional shape has one side surface (the lower side in the figure) as a flat surface 1a,
The half (left side in the figure) of the opposite side (upper side in the figure) is an arc curved surface 1
b, the other half of the cross section is formed on the stepped flat surface 1c, and the end side 1d is flattened. In the tube structural member 1 having such a cross-sectional shape, the portion formed into the arcuate curved surface 1b is mainly used as a design surface, and the portion having the stepped flat portion 1c and the flat surface 1a is used as a functional surface. ing. The remaining end 1d is a part that does not particularly function.

In the pipe structural member 1 having such a cross-sectional structure, the inner curved surface (end portion 1d) of the curved portion 2 is provided.
A concave portion 3 (corresponding to the concave shape of the present invention) is formed along the axial direction. The recess 3 is formed by the pipe structural member 1.
In the bend portion 2 of the present embodiment, the depth gradually increases from the start position of the bend to the end position of the bend, and gradually becomes shallower to be erased. This serves to form a recess at the same time as bending the pipe structural member 1 so as not to interfere with other surfaces.

In order to form the pipe structural member 1 having an irregular cross-section into a bent shape as described above, if the concave portion 3 is formed on the bent side (inside) of the cross-section neutral shaft in the bent portion 2, the pipe structural member is formed. It is possible to bend with a bending radius r which is close to about one time the major axis dimension L. In this embodiment, the portion provided with the concave portion 3 does not particularly require the functionality and the design effect, so that the presence of the concave portion does not hinder the use. In addition, the other parts (the flat surface 1a, the arcuate curved surface 1b, and the stepped flat surface 1c) are kept bent in the same manner as the straight portion without being deformed.

Therefore, if such a pipe structural member 1 is used for a vertical frame of a structure having a bent portion with a small bending radius, for example, a construction machine as one embodiment of the structure is shown in FIG. As shown in a perspective view (a) showing the skeleton of the cabin and a cross-sectional view (b) of the main part of the window attachment, the design surface (arc surface 1b) of the pipe structural member 1 is positioned on the outer surface. If the external shape is formed according to the purpose by attaching a separate receiving member 5 which can be used for the front pillar and which can form a receiving portion to the flat surface 1a with a screw or the like, it can be connected to the receiving member 5, the cross beam 6, and other members. Cabin 10 having a curved portion at the upper front in combination
The roof is formed by attaching a flat member bent to fit the bent portion 2 of the pipe structural member 1 while being supported by the receiving member 5 and the cross beam 6, and the like. The attached flat surface 1c can be a contact portion of the window glass 7 or a contact surface of a door (not shown). In the cabin 10 thus configured, since the pipe structural member 1 constituting the front pillar is provided with an arc-shaped curved surface 1b serving as a design surface on the front side surface portion, and forms a single piece from the bottom to the top, An object (structure) having an excellent appearance can be obtained.

Next, FIG. 4 shows a perspective view (a) showing a bent portion formed by a pipe structural member of another embodiment, and a cross-sectional view (b) thereof along the line CC.

In this embodiment, the pipe structural member 1A is
In FIG. 8B, the lower part in the figure is a flat surface 1e.
A ridge 1f is formed at a required length at a position closer to the outer side (left side in the figure), and a design surface that forms an arc curved surface 1g in the first half of the outer surface (upper left in the figure) is formed. The portion (upper right portion in the figure) is a stepped flat portion 1h.
This is a tube material having an irregular cross-sectional shape in which an end 1i connecting the h and the flat surface 1e is formed into a plane.

In the tube structural member 1A having such a sectional structure, the inner curved surface (the end portion 1) of the curved portion 2 is formed.
In i), a recess 3 is formed along the axial direction. This recess 3 is formed in the pipe structural member 1A as in the above-described embodiment.
In the bend portion 2 of the present embodiment, the depth gradually increases from the start position of the bend to the end position of the bend. The concave portion 3 is formed at the same time when the pipe structural member 1A is bent, and similarly serves to prevent troubles on other surfaces during the bending process.

As described above, in order to make the pipe structural member 1A having an irregular cross section into a bent shape, a concave portion 3 is formed in the bent portion 2 on the bent side (inside) of the neutral shaft in cross section as in the above embodiment. In other words, the tube structural member 1 can be bent with a bending radius r which is approximately one time as large as the major diameter L. The portion where the concave portion 3 is provided (end portion 1i) is a portion that does not particularly require functionality and design effects, so that even if there is a concave portion, there is no problem in use. In addition, the other portions (the flat surface 1e, the arc-shaped curved surface 1g, and the stepped flat portion 1h) are bent in the same shape as the straight portion without being deformed.

As described above, the pipe structural member 1A of the present embodiment.
Can be bent to form a bent portion 2 with an extremely small radius, so if this is used for the front pillar of the members forming the skeleton of the cabin of the construction machine, as in the first embodiment, It can be formed with a single member up to the top, and the appearance can be beautifully finished.
This embodiment is shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).

FIG. 5 (a) is a view in which the portion where the pipe structural member 1A is used for the cabin 10 is emphasized and shown. In FIG. 5 (b), a main part in a state where a window is assembled is shown. FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating a front surface in which a ridge portion 1f formed along an axis is guided by a guide rail 11, which is a separate member provided along a flat surface 1e on the front side, and is vertically movable. The contact surface of the seal 12b to be attached to the window frame 12a of the window 12 is formed, and the arc-shaped curved surface 1g is positioned from the front surface to the side surface to form a design surface. The stepped flat surface 1h serves as a glass mounting surface of a fixed window or a receiving surface of a door (not shown).

As still another embodiment, FIG.
(A) Also in the tube structural member 1B having a modified cross-sectional structure as shown in (b), the minimum curvature ( (Minimum radius). The pipe structural member 1B having the modified cross-sectional structure according to this embodiment is the same as that shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), on the lower flat surface 1j in the figure,
A ridge 1 of the required length is located at a position closer to the outer side (left side in the figure).
k is formed, a groove 1m having a rectangular cross section is formed at a position (right side in the figure) near the inner side of the flat surface 1j, and the front half of the outer surface (upper left in the figure) is formed into an arcuate curved surface 1n and the latter half This is a tube material having an irregular cross-sectional shape in which a portion (the right half portion in the figure) is formed on a stepped flat surface 1o and the remaining edge 1p is formed into a flat surface.

In the tube structural member 1B of this embodiment, similarly to the above-described embodiment, when forming the bent portion 2, the concave portion 3 is formed along the axis on the bent side (inside) of the neutral shaft in section. By doing so, the bent portion 2 can be formed with a minimum curvature without difficulty. The surface of the edge 1p provided with the recess 3 is not particularly used as a design surface or a functional surface, so that even if it has a recess, it does not become an obstacle.

When the pipe structural member 1B thus obtained is used as a front pillar of a cabin as described above, an arc is formed as shown in FIG. The curved surface 1n is located from the front surface to the front side surface and becomes a design surface, and the entire surface is formed by a single seamless member and passes through a curved portion (bent portion 2) to the top portion. The other surfaces 1j and 1k serve as holding portions for the front window 12, and the groove 1m functions as a vertical movement guide rail for the front window 12. In addition, the stepped flat surface 1o serves as a receiving surface of the door 13, and the edge portion 1p where the concave portion 3 is formed is located on the least noticeable side, so that the original functionality can be fully exhibited as a whole.

FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show a perspective view of a bent portion of a tube structural member according to still another embodiment and a cross-sectional view taken along line EE thereof. A tube structural member 1C having a modified cross-sectional structure of this embodiment has a cross section formed in the shape of a figure 8, and in FIG. 7B, the upper left part in the figure is an arc curved surface 1q, and the lower right half in the figure is shown. The upper portion and the left side surface connected to the upper surface and the left side surface are connected to the planes 1s, 1s' via the corner portion, the upper and lower sides connected to the arcuate curved surface 1q, and the lower right portion of the right portion connected via the corner portion. Both are formed on the planes 1t and 1t ', and have a cross-sectional shape in which the plane portion 1u on the right end surface is a surface that does not function during use.

In the tube structural member 1C having such a cross-sectional shape, local bending can be performed in the same manner as in the above-described embodiments. Then, if this is used as a front pillar in the cabin, as shown in FIG. 7 (c), if it is bent and used with the flat portion 1u in which the concave portion 3 is formed inside, it becomes a design surface. The arcuate curved surface 1q can function as a front part, and the portions of the planes 1s, 1s 'and the planes 1t, 1t' can function as mounting portions of the window glasses 14, 14a.
These parts can be used in the bent part 2 without damaging them.

The pipe structural members 1 to 1 having the respective sectional shapes as described above.
In addition to using C as a part of the skeleton of a cabin of a construction machine or the like as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 8 in a perspective view showing a part of a show case, FIGS.
By using a pipe structural material 1 having a shape indicated by (1), a separate receiving member 15 capable of forming a receiving portion on the flat surface 1a is attached by a screw or the like so that the design surface is positioned on the outer surface. If the outer shape is formed according to the above, a structure having a curved surface portion at the upper part can be formed in combination with the receiving member 15 and the horizontal beam 16 and other members, and the vertical frame is supported by the receiving member 15 and the horizontal beam 16 and the like. By attaching the visible light-transmitting flat member 17 which is bent in accordance with the bent portion 2 of the (tube structural member 1), a show case (structure) 20 having a curved surface on the upper portion can be formed. The side plate is attached with the side plate 18 using the stepped flat surface 1c. In the structure 20 thus configured, the pipe structural member 1 serving as a pillar of the side surface portion is provided with an arc-shaped curved surface 1b serving as a design surface on the front side surface portion, and forms a single piece from the bottom to the top. Therefore, a structure having an excellent appearance can be obtained.

Further, in the above-mentioned tube structural member, at the place where the bent portion 2 is formed, the concave portion 3 at the inner bent portion is provided.
When it becomes necessary to attach another part to the part where the slab exists, the part is attached to the pipe structural member by a fixture (for example, a small screw) at a part other than the recessed part 3 so as to cover the surface. Then, the parts can be mounted without any problem.

As described above, according to the pipe structural member provided with the bent portion having the irregular cross-sectional structure according to the present invention, the cross-sectional shape is preferably formed by forming the concave portion on the bent side in a portion which is not complicated, so that a required portion is formed. A bent portion can be easily formed at a location and used. And it is effective not only in bending the middle part of a long member, but also in any part according to the use, to construct a structure having a design that makes the design surface particularly effective. It is. In addition, if necessary, it is possible to form a bent portion with a short dimension, and if a joint is provided at the end thereof, for example, if it is formed in an elbow shape and joined to the member, it also served as a joint. It can be provided for various uses as a bent structural member. The structure is not limited to the above-described cabin or show case, and can be applied to other structures.

The constituent member of the present invention can be applied to not only the above-mentioned steel member but also a tubular member having a modified cross-sectional structure made of aluminum or copper / copper alloy. Therefore, it is more effective when used for a highly decorative article as a structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main part of a structural member according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view (a) showing a skeleton of a cabin of a construction machine as one embodiment of a structure, and a sectional view (b) of a main part of a window attachment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view (a) showing a bent portion of a tube structural member of another embodiment, and a cross-sectional view (b) thereof taken along line CC.

FIG. 5 is a diagram (a) showing a skeleton of a cabin using the pipe structural member of the present embodiment, and a sectional view (b) showing a main part in a state where a window is assembled.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view (a) showing a bent portion of a pipe structural member of another embodiment, a sectional view (b) along a line DD thereof, and a sectional view of a cabin window assembly portion. (C).

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a bent portion of a pipe structural member according to another embodiment, FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view of a cabin window assembling portion. (C).

FIG. 8 is a view showing a part of a show case as another embodiment of the structure.

FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a main part showing an example in which a bent portion is formed using a conventional separately formed curve forming part.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1A, 1B, 1C Pipe structural member 2 Curved portion 3 Depressed portion 1a, 1e, 1j Flat surface 1b, 1g, 1n, 1q Arc curved surface 1c, 1h, 1o Stepped flat surface 1d, 1i, 1p Edge 1f, 1k Protrusions 5,15 Receiving member 6,16 Cross beam 7 Window glass 10 Cabin 12 Front window 17 Flat member 18 Side plate 20 Showcase

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A modified cross-section tube having a functional surface and a design surface formed along an axis on an outer peripheral surface, wherein a concave shape is provided along an axis inside a neutral axis in a bent portion. And structural members. 2. The structural member according to claim 1, wherein the concave portion is provided at least in a portion other than the design surface. 3. A structure constituted by using a pipe having a deformed cross section in which a functional surface and a design surface are formed along an axis on an outer peripheral surface, wherein a corner portion or a bent portion having a small curvature is formed. In a structure, a concave shape is formed along the axis inside the neutral axis in the bent portion of the irregularly shaped tubular material.