JP2002254070A - Water clarification means - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To implement water clarification in the water-containing environment such as rivers, ponds, lakes, dams and reservoirs, etc., without affecting the natural environment. SOLUTION: Water clarification is contrived without affecting the natural environment by utilizing a function of a natural stone like quartz rock which is formed in the waterflow to easily come into contact with the drainage. A dam 3 made of quartz rock is installed in a running water channel 1 (a channel to supply water to rivers, ponds, lakes, dams and reservoirs, etc.), and water which flows in the running water channel 1 is arranged to flow over the dam 3 made of quartz rock. A circulating running water channel is formed to circulate water of water-containing environment through the use of a pipeline 5 and a pump 6, and a quartz rock reef 8 is arranged at the inflow port of the pipeline 5 by piling up the crushed quartz rock. It is designed that when water flows into the pipeline 5 by operating the pump 6 and permeates through the quartz rock reef 8, water comes into contact with the quartz rock and is again discharged into the water-containing environment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a water purification means suitable for water purification in an aquatic environment such as a river, a swamp, a lake, a pond, a dam and a reservoir.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, water pollution in aquatic environments such as rivers, lakes, lakes, ponds, dams, and reservoirs has been remarkable, and purification of water quality has been strongly demanded.

[0003] The main examples of water pollution in these environments are the changes in industry (expansion of scale), the influx of population, the change in life, etc., and the excreted nutrient bases are converted into rivers, marshes, ponds, dams. , Eutrophication of water due to oversupply to reservoirs, etc., causes abnormal occurrence of protozoan microorganisms such as algae, organisms such as bacteria and microphytoplankton and their fragments,
Detritus composed of carcasses, excrement, and their decomposed products is decomposed according to conditions such as the passage of time, temperature, etc., and a part of the detritus becomes gaseous and foams and is released from the water surface. Part of the water covers the surface of the water as a floating substance.

In order to purify water pollution, for example, a trace component of copper sulfate (CuSO ₄ ) is added to water because copper ions (Cu ²⁺ ) are extremely effective in removing algae and the like. Various countermeasures have been implemented, such as removing sludge that has accumulated in sewage and cutting off nutrient sources, and treating sewage in sewage treatment facilities.

[0005]

However, when copper sulfate is added to water to purify water in rivers and various water environments, the river and water environments themselves seem to have undergone water purification at first glance, but in fact Cu There is a problem that ions such as ²⁺ and SO ₄ ^2- adversely affect organisms such as fish and shellfish.

Although the removal of sludge deposited on the water bottom is effective for temporary purification of water quality, it is necessary to periodically repeat the sludge removal operation in order to maintain the state.

[0007] Further, in the sewage treatment, not only large-scale facilities are required, but also water discharged to ensure the water quality (sterile state) specified by laws and regulations contains chlorine ions. The ions are neutralized by the sun rays and minerals within a few days, but there is a problem that they have a bad influence on living things near the discharge point.

[0008] As described above, it is necessary to carry out water purification in consideration of the effects of influx of eutrophication and the effects of detritus on the ecosystem and without adversely affecting the natural environment itself. is there.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems utilizes a water flow in a water environment such as a river, a swamp lake, a pond, a dam, a reservoir, etc. The basic idea is to purify water by the function of quartz schist by constructing it to make positive contact, and it has the following features.

The flowing water means is a flowing water channel in which water flows, and is configured by providing a weir made of quartz schist in the flowing water channel as quartz schist, and when water flowing through the flowing water channel flows over the weir made of quartz schist. , Water comes in contact with quartz schist, a natural stone,
The function of quartz schist can purify water without adversely affecting the natural environment itself.

[0011] Here, the running channel includes a marsh lake, a pond, a dam,
This includes waterways that supply water to reservoirs and the like, as well as rivers that are formed by nature.

In addition, a quartz schist weir is obtained by kneading quartz schist powder into cement or the like and solidifying it by molding, quartz schist itself cut into a weir shape, or covering the surface of a weir molded with cement or the like. Any material may be used as long as the surface of the weir is covered with quartz schist, such as one in which crushed quartz schist is embedded and hardened.

Further, a notch is formed at at least one position at the upper end of the quartz schist weir, so that water flowing through the flowing water channel passes only through the notch so as to overflow the quartz schist weir. A plurality of weirs made of quartz schist may be arranged, and cutouts may be formed alternately on the upper end of each weir made of quartz schist, or cutouts may be formed alternately at the center and both left and right ends. However, it is also possible to make the flow of water turbulent and to achieve sufficient contact between the quartz schist and the water by configuring so as to overflow only the notch.

[0014] In addition to the quartz schist weir, crushed quartz schist may be spread on the bottom of the water channel to make the quartz schist and water more sufficiently contact.

Further, the flowing water means is a circulating flow channel formed so that water in an aquatic environment is circulated by a pipe and a pump, and the quartz schist is formed by stacking crushed quartz schist at the inlet of the pipe. It is a reef, and it is configured to generate water flow by operating a pump, and when water flows through the quartz schist reef as it flows into the piping, the water and the quartz schist come into contact and are released again to the water environment . This configuration is preferable because water and quartz schist can be brought into good contact with each other in a water environment such as a marsh lake, a pond, a dam, and a reservoir with little convection.

In order to prevent foreign matter or the like that interferes with the operation of the pump from entering the piping at the inlet of the piping, a filter that allows water to permeate and also prevents permeation of crushed quartz schist and the like. May be provided.

In a water environment provided in a park or the like, the circulated water may be discharged to the water environment again by a fountain or the like.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Quartz schist is known as a natural stone excavated in a specific area (Aichi Prefecture, etc.) that has become the center of crustal deformation in Japan. Quartz schist, during the process of large-scale volcanic activity that occurred mainly in the Sea of Japan region due to crustal deformation about 2 to 30 million years ago, generated an ultra-high pressure of about 10,000 atmospheres and an ultra-high heat of about 5,000 ° C. It is a type of igneous rock mainly composed of silica (SiO ₂ ) and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) generated during metamorphism.

The quartz schist was subjected to a chemical analysis.
It was found that it was composed of the chemical components shown in (1).

[0020]

[Table 1]

This quartz schist is porous, and is characterized in that it retains its porosity even if it is fine powder and contains many trace elements (minerals). Shows excellent properties of adsorption and decomposition and deodorization.
It has been confirmed that it is effective in growing creatures. In addition, compared to other natural stones such as barley stone and artificial ceramics, etc., it has been demonstrated that under various temperature conditions, the emission peak emits far-infrared rays, and the amount of negative ions generated is large. The crystals have extremely high strength and hardness, and are also excellent in wear resistance, impact resistance, heat resistance, and chemical resistance such as acids and alkalis. It is currently the hottest mineral.

The quartz schist has also been reported to have water purification effects such as improvement in water quality, decomposition of sludge, and removal of offensive odor.

Therefore, two test tubes containing sewage containing precipitated organic substances were prepared, and quartz schist was placed in only one of them, and the water temperature was kept at 20 ° C. and left for 24 hours. When we tried to leave it alone, the test tube containing quartz schist had a faster sedimentation rate and hardened sediment compared to the case containing only sewage, and the water was less transparent. There were no suspended matters and no odor.

Further, when the precipitate was confirmed, it was confirmed that the organic substance contained in the sewage was stable as an inorganic substance. This is considered to be because the organic substance came into contact with the quartz schist and the electron exchange was performed, and it became inorganic substance.

Next, two containers containing 100 g of sewage mixed with sludge were prepared, 1 g of quartz schist was mixed in only one of them, and the water temperature was kept at 20 ° C. for 24 hours, followed by microscopic observation (× 100 As a result, the metabolic activity of the sludge was small and agglomerated in the container not containing quartz schist, whereas the microbial cells around the sludge were contained in the container containing 1 g of quartz schist. Metabolic activity by the group (cocci) was confirmed.

Further, two containers each containing 100 g of water mixed with an organic substance (C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₆ ) were prepared, and only one of them was mixed with 1 g of quartz schist and allowed to stand. In containers without organic substances, organic substances spoiled and odors drifted, whereas in containers containing 1 g of quartz schist, actinomycetes belonging to fermenting bacteria were confirmed, but no odors were generated.

These results indicate that the quartz schist facilitates the function of oxygen in water molecules and facilitates the decomposition and synthesis of organic substances, and that the antibacterial effect of quartz schist controls rot fungi and does not generate odor. , Etc.

Next, two containers each containing 500 g of sewage mixed with sludge were prepared, 10 g of quartz schist was mixed into only one of them, and the mixture was allowed to stand for 10 days to measure a change in pH. Table 2 shows the results.

[0029]

[Table 2]

In the vessel containing 0 g of quartz schist (without mixing), although the pH was changed as shown in Table 2, almost no metabolic activity was observed in the mixed sludge itself, and the aggregated state was observed. No change was seen other than becoming.

On the other hand, as shown in Table 2, no change was observed in the pH of the vessel containing 10 g of quartz schist. This dissolves and dissociates sludge and ionizes it positively or negatively.However, these ions are hydrated by water molecules and neutralization by ion association does not occur, and ions move toward the opposite electrode in the electric field and move to the opposite electrode. It is presumed that the surface was discharged, the charge was lost, and the particles were precipitated to become solid fine particles, and aggregation proceeded through the silica schist polymer.

From the above experimental results and the like, it was confirmed that quartz schist is effective for water purification. Therefore, in various water environments such as rivers, swamp lakes, ponds, dams and reservoirs, quartz schist is used for water purification. The use of schist was specifically studied.

When used in an actual river or water environment, the point is how to contact the sewage with the quartz schist to purify the water quality. In particular, such as the swamp lake, pond, dam, reservoir, etc. In an aquatic environment where the volume is large and the convection of water is small, sufficient contact with sewage cannot be expected by simply mixing quartz schist appropriately.

Therefore, sewage is brought into contact with quartz schist by using a flow in a flowing channel (including a river) before water is supplied to a marsh lake, a pond, a dam, a reservoir, and the like, so that a water environment is supplied. Before purging, we focused on purifying the water quality and conducted experiments in running water channels.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, a small amount of sewage flows into a flowing water channel 1 (flow rate: approximately 30 cm / sec).
An experiment was conducted by laying crushed quartz schist 2 crushed to about 30 to 50 cm from the grip fist size, and the function of the quartz schist described above was fully exhibited, and the desired water purification (water quality improvement, sludge decomposition, odor removal) Etc.) were performed. Quartz schist is porous in itself, but by using crushed stone 2, more surface area is ensured and contact with sewage is improved.

However, next, the flow rate of the sewage is 30 cm / sec.
When a crushed quartz schist crushed stone 2 was spread in the same manner as above in the flowing water channel 1 with a flow exceeding c, an experiment was carried out. As a result, the water quality was not sufficiently improved, the odor remained, and the flow velocity was high. Inadequate contact with quartz schist, such as when the flow rate is high or when the flow rate is large, it was confirmed that the function was not fully exerted, so it would be difficult to obtain the effect of water purification in an actual water environment. Was done.

(Embodiments 1 and 2) FIG. 2 or FIG.
As shown in (1), an attempt was made to adjust the flow velocity by providing a weir 3 made of quartz schist at an arbitrary interval in the flowing water channel 1. At this time,
Quartz schist powder obtained by crushing quartz schist, kneaded with cement or the like, molded and hardened is arranged at an arbitrary interval in the weir 3 so that the flow rate is adjusted to about 30 cm / sec, and sewage is damped. Overflowing.

As a result, it was confirmed that the function of the quartz schist was sufficiently exhibited and desired water purification was performed. This is probably because the flow rate was reduced and the quartz schist weir 3 was allowed to overflow, so that sufficient contact between the sewage and the quartz schist was achieved.

Since the flow of the sewage is disturbed by the presence of the weir 3, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the crushed quartz schist stone 2 is spread on the bottom of the flow channel 1 as necessary. Thereby, contact between sewage and quartz schist can be further improved.

The configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
The configuration of the second embodiment shown in (1) can be appropriately selected in accordance with various conditions such as the topography where the flowing water channel 1 is arranged, the flow rate, and the flow velocity.

(Embodiment 3) In an environment where the flow velocity is even faster, notches 3a are formed alternately at the right and left upper ends of the quartz schist weir 3 as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). When the sewage is configured to flow only through the notch 3a, the sewage flows in a zigzag manner, whereby the flow velocity can be sufficiently reduced and the flow is disturbed. It was confirmed that sufficient contact was possible.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, by laying crushed quartz schist 2 at the bottom of the water channel 1 as necessary, the contact between sewage and quartz schist can be further improved. It is.

In the present embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the quartz schist weir 3 are alternately cut off. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The cutout 3a having an appropriate position and size can be formed in accordance with the conditions of the flowing water channel such as the flow rate and the flow rate of the sewage, such as by alternately cutting out.

In the first to third embodiments, the quartz schist weir 3 is formed by kneading quartz schist powder into cement or the like and solidifying it by molding, but the quartz schist is cut out into the shape of a weir. Alternatively, it may be formed by embedding and hardening crushed quartz schist so as to cover the surface of a weir molded with cement or the like.

Further, the first to third embodiments are based on the idea that the flow rate of the sewage is adjusted by providing the weir 3 made of quartz schist, and the sewage is configured to flow over the weir 3 made of quartz schist. The flow rate of sewage is not particularly limited, and the number, height, interval, presence or absence of notches,
Conditions such as the location, size, and presence of crushed quartz schist on the water bottom are determined by the flow rate of sewage in each aquatic environment to which it is applied,
It can be set arbitrarily according to various conditions such as the state of the density and the like.

As described above, according to the first to third embodiments,
A quartz schist weir is installed in a waterway (a waterway to which sewage is supplied in aquatic environments such as rivers, lakes, lakes, ponds, dams, and reservoirs) so that sewage flowing through the waterway can overflow this weir. With this configuration, it is possible to purify the water quality (improvement of water quality, decomposition of sludge, removal of bad smell, etc.) by the effect of quartz schist in marine environments such as rivers, lakes, lakes, ponds, dams and reservoirs. Therefore, there is no need for various operations and treatments, large-scale water treatment facilities, and the like, and there is no adverse effect on the natural environment.

Further, even in an aquatic environment having a large volume and a small convection of water, such as a swamp lake, a pond, a dam, a reservoir, etc., water purification is performed in a flowing water channel before water is supplied to the aquatic environment. Thus, it is possible to purify the water quality sufficiently.

(Embodiment 4) Next, a marsh lake with little convection,
With reference to FIG. 6, a description will be given of a water purification means suitable for an aquatic environment where there is no running channel or where it is difficult to provide a weir made of quartz schist in the running channel in a pond, dam, reservoir, or the like.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a pond. At the bottom of the pond 4, a circulating water channel is formed by a pipe 5 and a pump 6 for flowing water from the pond 5 into the pipe 5 and discharging the water to the pond 5 again. At the inlet of the pipe 5 at the bottom of the pond 4, a filter 7 made of wire mesh, punched metal, or the like is provided. Around the filter 7, a large number of crushed quartz schist is piled up to form a rock reef 8. I have. Reference numeral 9 denotes a fountain for discharging water flowing into the pipe 5 to the pond 4.

With the above configuration, by operating the pump 6, the water in the pond 4 penetrates through the gap between the reefs 8 formed of quartz schist, is drawn into the pipe 5 via the filter 7, and flows into the pipe 5. The water in the pond 4 is a rock reef 8 made of quartz schist.
When the water passes through the gap, it comes into contact with quartz schist and purifies water by its function. Then, the purified water is discharged to the pond 4 again by the fountain 9 through the pipe 5.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, even in a wet environment such as a marsh lake, pond, dam, reservoir, or the like where there is no flow channel or it is difficult to provide a weir made of quartz schist in the flow channel, and there is little convection. Water and quartz schist can be brought into good contact, and water purification can be achieved.

The filter 7 permits the permeation of water and prevents the permeation of crushed stones of quartz schist, and the like, and prevents foreign matter or the like that hinders the operation from entering the pump 7. It is formed of a punching metal or the like. In the present embodiment, a filter formed in a substantially cylindrical shape is used so as to allow water to flow in from each direction. The shape is not particularly limited as long as the material is formed, and the material is not limited to a wire mesh, a punched metal, or the like.

In this embodiment, the water purified by the fountain 9 is discharged to the pond 5 again. However, if the water is not a pond provided in a park or the like, a fountain is particularly provided. Instead, the water may be discharged directly from the pipe into the pond.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, a swamp lake, a pond, a dam, a reservoir, or the like having a small convection with a simple configuration can be used.
Water purification (water quality improvement, sludge decomposition, odor removal, etc.) can be performed even in an aquatic environment where there is no running water channel or it is difficult to install a weir made of quartz schist in the running water channel. There is no need for treatment, large-scale water treatment equipment, etc., and there is no adverse effect on the natural environment.

[0055]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a water environment such as a river, a swamp, a lake, a pond, a dam, a reservoir, etc., the wastewater is positively brought into contact with the quartz schist by utilizing the flow of water. By configuring, it is possible to purify water (improvement of water quality, sludge decomposition, removal of offensive odor, etc.) by the function of quartz schist, so various operations and treatments for water purification and large-scale water treatment equipment etc. It does not require and does not adversely affect the natural environment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a water purification experiment of quartz schist in a flowing water channel.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the water purification means according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of Embodiment 2 of the water purification means according to the present invention.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are explanatory views of a water purification device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a third embodiment of the water purification means according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of the water purification means according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Flowing channel 2 ... Quartz schist crushed stone 3 ... Quartz schist weir 3a ... Notch 4 ... Pond 5 ... Piping 6 ... Pump 7 ... Filter 8 ... Quartz schist rock reef 9 ... Fountain

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiaki Arai 2-1-17-1 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Inside Meidensha Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Isamu 5-5-5-Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Meiden Plant Shares In-company (72) Inventor Minoru Nishino F-term in Meiden Plant Co., Ltd. 5-5-5 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 4D024 AA05 AB01 AB02 AB04 BA05 BB00 BC01 4D037 AA05 AB01 AB02 AB04 BA17 CA01

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A water purification means, comprising: flowing water means for generating a flow of water in a water environment, wherein water flowing by the flowing water means is brought into contact with quartz schist to purify water. 2. The water flow means is a water flow channel through which water flows, and a quartz schist weir is provided in the water flow channel as the quartz schist, and water flowing through the water flow channel flows over the quartz schist weir. The water purification means according to claim 1, wherein the water and the quartz schist are configured to come into contact with each other. 3. A notch is formed at at least one position at the upper end of the quartz schist weir, and water flowing through the flow channel passes through the notch to overflow the quartz schist weir. The water purification means according to claim 2, characterized in that: 4. The water purification means according to claim 2 or 3, wherein crushed quartz schist is laid on the bottom of the water channel. 5. The circulating water passage formed by the water flowing means so that water in an aquatic environment is circulated by a pipe and a pump.
The quartz schist is a quartz schist reef formed by stacking crushed quartz schist at the inlet of the pipe, and the pump operates to generate a flow of water, and when the water flows into the pipe, the quartz schist penetrates the quartz schist reef. The water purification means according to claim 1, wherein the water and the quartz schist are configured to be in contact with each other.