JP2002248380A - Cyclone dust collector equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide cyclone dust collector equipment which is capable of lessening the wear within the cylindrical body of a cyclone and improving wear resistance. SOLUTION: Double cylindrical sections 54 having an outer cylinder 51 and an inner cylinder 53 disposed to form a gap 52 on the inner side of the outer cylinder 51 is formed at the cylindrical body 50 constituting the cyclone 32. The top and bottom connection section of the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 53 in the double cylindrical sections 54 is provided with clearances 55 and 56 in such a manner that gas containing particles partly flows by bypassing to the gap 52.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cyclone dust collecting apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cyclone dust collector is a device that introduces a gas containing particles in a tangential direction of a cylinder and turns the gas to apply a centrifugal force to the gas to separate and collect particles in the gas. Therefore, it is widely used in various fields.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a pressurized fluidized bed combined cycle power plant equipped with a cyclone. This is a pressurized fluidized bed boiler body in a pressure vessel 1 having a pressurized atmosphere inside. And a pressurized fluidized bed boiler body 2
A plurality of diffuser pipes 3 are disposed in the lower part of the inside, and the diffuser pipes 3 supply compressed air 4 in the pressure vessel 1 from an intake pipe 6 provided with an ash cooler 5 described later on the way. It is taken into the wind box 7 and blows upward.

[0004] A fuel supply pipe 8 for supplying a fuel such as coal slurry is disposed above the diffuser pipe 3.
A bed material 10 mixed with a desulfurizing material such as limestone and coal ash for forming the fluidized bed 9 is supplied from a bed material storage container (not shown).
The pressurized air 4 supplied from the pressure vessel 1 into the pressure vessel 1 is supplied from the intake pipe 6 to the diffuser pipe 3 via the wind box 7 and is ejected upward to form the fluidized bed 9, and the fuel supply pipe is formed. The fuel supplied from 8 is stirred in the fluidized bed 9 and burned efficiently.

[0005] An evaporator 12, a superheater 13, and a reheater 14, which are formed by heat transfer tubes, are provided in a portion where the fluidized bed 9 is formed in the pressurized fluidized bed boiler main body 2, and a reheater 14 is provided.
The upstream end of the superheater 13 in the steam flow direction is connected to the boiler water supply system 16 via the evaporator 12 via the pipe 15 and the downstream end is connected to the high pressure turbine 19 of the steam turbine 18 via the pipe 17.
The upstream end of the reheater 14 in the steam flow direction is connected to the steam outlet of the high-pressure turbine 19 of the steam turbine 18 via a pipe 20, and the downstream end is connected to the steam turbine 18 via a pipe 21. Is connected to a steam inlet of a medium pressure turbine 22a constituting the medium / low pressure turbine 22, and a steam outlet of a low pressure turbine 22b into which steam is introduced from the medium pressure turbine 22a is connected to a condenser 24 by a pipe 23. It is connected.

The boiler water supply system 16 includes a condenser 24 for cooling and condensing the steam discharged from the medium / low pressure turbine 22.
And a condensate pump 25 provided on the outlet side of the condenser 24.
A low-pressure feedwater heater 26 for heating the boiler feedwater pressurized by the condensate pump 25; a deaerator 27 for degassing the boiler feedwater from the low-pressure feedwater heater 26;
7 and a high-pressure feed water heater 29 for heating the boiler feed water pressurized by the feed pump 28.

At the upper part of the pressurized fluidized-bed boiler main body 2,
A plurality of (for example, six) cyclones 32 through which a high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas 30 after heating water and steam in the evaporator 12, the superheater 13, and the reheater 14 are guided through the branch duct 31 are arranged. The ash in the exhaust gas 30 is separated, and the cyclone 32 has an exhaust gas pipe 3
A filter device 34 such as a ceramic tube filter provided outside the pressure vessel 1 is connected to the filter device 34 via the filter device 3. The filter device 34 drives the compressor 11 and drives the gas turbine generator 37 with excess power. A gas turbine 36 is connected via an exhaust gas pipe 35.

The gas outlet of the gas turbine 36 is connected to the flue 3
8 connected to a chimney 39, and in the middle of the flue 38, an exhaust gas 30 from a gas turbine 36 is supplied by boiler water flowing through the pipe 15 downstream of the high-pressure water heater 29.
And a second-stage high-pressure gas cooler 42 that recovers heat of the exhaust gas 30 from the gas turbine 36 by boiler feedwater flowing through the bypass line 41 of the high-pressure feedwater heater 29, and a low-pressure feedwater heating. And a low-pressure gas cooler 44 for recovering heat of exhaust gas from the gas turbine 36 by boiler feedwater flowing through a bypass line 43 of the vessel 26.

On the other hand, the pressure vessel 1 is provided with an ash cooler 5 for recovering the heat of the separated ash 45 separated by the cyclone 32 with the pressurized air 4.

In the pressurized fluidized-bed combined power generation facility as described above, the compressed air 4 compressed by the compressor 11 is supplied into the pressure vessel 1, and the compressed air 4 in the pressure vessel 1 is taken in from the inlet pipe 6. After being heated by the ash cooler 5 with the separated ash 45 and then spouted upward from the air diffuser 3 through the wind box 7, a fluidized bed 9 is formed in the pressurized fluidized bed boiler main body 2, and The supplied fuel is stirred in the fluidized bed 9 and burned efficiently.

When the fuel is burned in the fluidized bed 9, the heat energy is transmitted to the bed material 10 in a fluidized state, and further, the heat energy is evaporated by the heat transfer from the bed material 10 and the combustion gas. The heat is transmitted to the heater 12, the superheater 13, and the reheater 14.

The boiler feedwater supplied from the boiler feedwater system 16 to the evaporator 12 is vaporized by the thermal energy, and the steam is turned into superheated steam by the superheater 13, and the superheated steam flows into the high-pressure turbine 19 of the steam turbine 18. Thus, the high-pressure turbine 19 is driven.

The steam after driving the high pressure turbine 19 is
The steam that flows into the reheater 14 and is reheated by the reheater 14 flows into the medium and low pressure turbine 22 to drive the medium and low pressure turbine 22, and the steam after driving the medium and low pressure turbine 22 is Is returned to the boiler feed water by the condenser 24 of the boiler feed water system 16, is heated in the low-pressure feed water heater 26 via the condensate pump 25, and
Low pressure gas cooler 4 by a part of boiler feed water
After the heat of the exhaust gas 30 from the gas turbine 36 is recovered in 4, the boiler feed water is deaerated by the deaerator 27,
The boiler feed water degassed by the deaerator 27 is supplied to the feed pump 2
After being pressurized by 8, the heat of the exhaust gas 30 from the gas turbine 36 is recovered in the second-stage high-pressure gas cooler 42 by a part of the boiler feedwater branched to the bypass line 41 while being heated in the high-pressure feedwater heater 29. , And the gas turbine 36 in the first-stage high-pressure gas cooler 40.
The heat of the exhaust gas 30 is recovered and supplied to the evaporator 12 again.

In this way, the steam turbine 18 is driven by the steam, and power is generated by the steam turbine generator 49 connected to the steam turbine 18.

On the other hand, the exhaust gas 30 of the fuel burned in the pressurized fluidized-bed boiler main body 2 heats water and steam in the evaporator 12, the superheater 13, and the reheater 14, and then flows through the branch duct 31. The ash as particles contained in the exhaust gas 30 is separated through the cyclone 32 through the exhaust gas 30, and most of the ash separated in the cyclone 32 is discharged to the outside of the pressure vessel 1 via the exhaust gas pipe 33. Filter device 34 such as a ceramic tube filter provided in accordance with
After the ash is further collected and removed in the filter device 34, the gas turbine 36
To drive the gas turbine 36,
The compressor 11 is driven by the gas turbine 36, and the gas turbine generator 37 is driven by the surplus power to generate power.

The exhaust gas 30 after driving the gas turbine 36 flows through a flue 38, and a first-stage high-pressure gas cooler 40
The heat is recovered by the boiler feedwater downstream of the high pressure feedwater heater 29, the heat is recovered by the boiler feedwater flowing through the bypass line 41 of the high pressure feedwater heater 29 in the second high pressure gas cooler 42, and the low pressure gas cooler 44
The heat is recovered by the boiler feedwater flowing through the bypass line 43 of the low-pressure feedwater heater 26 at, and is released from the chimney 39 to the atmosphere.

The separated ash 4 separated by the cyclone 32
In the ash cooler 5, after the heat is recovered and cooled by the pressurized air 4 supplied from the intake pipe 6 to the air diffuser 3 via the wind box 7 in the ash cooler 5, the ash treatment device ( (Not shown).

[0018]

Incidentally, the cyclone 32 provided in the pressurized fluidized-bed combined power generation facility or the like as described above.
In the case of, because it is used under severe conditions of high temperature and high pressure, wear damage is likely to occur on the inner surface, but in the past, mainly integrated cyclones were used,
Austenitic stainless steel is used as the material, and an oxide film of Cr (chromium) is formed on the surface thereof at a high temperature (about 900 [° C.]) to thereby ensure wear resistance.

However, when the gas density is high under high pressure and the particle size of the ash is large, the conventional material wears in a short time, and each time the cyclone 32 is cut or cut.
I had to do a new replacement.

In some cases, a lining such as ceramics or refractory castable is adhered to the inner surface of the cyclone 32. In this case, if the lining falls off, the inner surface of the cyclone 32 is rapidly worn or separated at the lower portion. The ash may become clogged and become inoperable,
It was not a favorable measure.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a cyclone dust collecting apparatus capable of reducing abrasion inside a cylindrical body of a cyclone and improving abrasion resistance.

[0022]

According to the present invention, a gas containing particles is introduced and swirled in a tangential direction of a cylindrical body.
In a cyclone dust collecting apparatus for applying a centrifugal force to the gas and separating and trapping particles in the gas, the cylindrical body has an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder disposed so that a gap is formed inside the outer cylinder. While forming a double cylindrical portion having a, so that a part of the gas containing particles bypasses the gap and circulates, a gap is provided in the upper and lower joint portion between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in the double cylindrical portion. The present invention relates to a cyclone dust collecting apparatus.

In the cyclone dust collecting apparatus, it is effective that the inner cylinder is made of high Cr cast iron.

According to the above means, the following effects can be obtained.

The gas containing particles is introduced in the tangential direction of the cyclone cylinder, and the centrifugal force is imparted by turning in the cylinder, so that the particles in the gas are separated and collected as in the conventional case. Part of the gas containing
It becomes a form that bypasses and circulates into the gap between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
Since the wear environment on the inner surface of the inner cylinder is eased, even if the gas density is high under high pressure and the particle size of the ash is abnormally large, the wear proceeds in a short time as in the past. Can be avoided, and the cyclone need not be cut or replaced frequently.

In the above cyclone dust collector, when the inner cylinder is formed of high Cr cast iron, rod-shaped and massive very hard chromium carbide is dispersed in the high Cr cast iron.
Even if the gas introduced into the cyclone is at a high temperature, the abrasion resistance can be further improved.

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
A double cylinder portion 54 having an outer cylinder 51 and an inner cylinder 53 disposed so as to form a gap 52 inside the outer cylinder 51, and a part of the gas containing particles is filled in the gap. Gaps 55 and 56 are provided at the upper and lower portions of the double cylinder portion 54 between the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 53 so as to bypass and circulate to 52.

In the case of the illustrated example, the double cylindrical portion 54 is liable to cause abrasion damage from the lower end of the conical portion 50a where the inner diameter becomes smaller and the gas flow velocity becomes larger in a mortar shape of the cylindrical body 50 to the cylindrical leg 50b. It is formed at the site.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper end of the outer cylinder 51 is fixed by welding to the outer periphery of the lower end of the conical portion 50a. The lower end of the outer cylinder 51 is shown in FIGS. as,
The leg 50b is fixed by welding to the outer periphery of the upper end of the cylinder constituting the leg 50b. In addition, the outer cylinder 51 is divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction for manufacturing, and the joints thereof are hermetically welded and joined by using a split joining ring 57 (see FIG. 3) and the like.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the inner cylinder 53 has a support bar 5 fixed to a plurality of (for example, four) positions in the circumferential direction at the upper end of the cylinder constituting the leg portion 50b.
2 and a gap 56 is formed so as to form the gap 56. As shown in FIG. It is arranged so as to be substantially concentric with the cylinder 51. In addition, the inner cylinder 53 is divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction in manufacturing,
They are stacked.

As shown in FIG. 6, a short pipe 61 having a spherical seat 60 fixed to one open end by welding is fixed to the vibration-reducing member 59.
Is welded by penetrating the outer cylinder 51, and the inner cylinder 53 is supported by bringing the spherical seat 60 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 53.

Further, the outer cylinder 51 is provided with a cyclone 32
The inner cylinder 53 is made of stainless steel, and is made of a high-Cr cast iron (for example, 25Cr) having excellent wear resistance from low to high temperatures in order to play a role as a strength member for bearing the differential pressure between the inside and outside of the cylindrical body 50. (Cast iron).

Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.

The gas containing particles is the cylinder 5 of the cyclone 32.
0 is introduced in the tangential direction, and centrifugal force is applied by swirling in the cylinder 50, and particles in the gas are separated and collected as in the conventional case. Since the upper pressure becomes higher than the lower pressure due to the pressure loss, a part of the gas containing the particles is diverted to the gap 52 between the outer cylinder 51 and the inner cylinder 53 in the double cylinder portion 54. And the wear environment on the inner surface of the inner cylinder 53 is reduced.

Therefore, even if the gas density is high under high pressure and the particle size of the ash is abnormally large, abrasion can be prevented from progressing in a short time as in the conventional case, and the cyclone 32 can be used. It is not necessary to cut and renew the machine frequently.

In the illustrated example, the outer cylinder 51 is made of stainless steel and the inner cylinder 53 is made high in order to serve as a strength member for bearing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cylinder 50 of the cyclone 32. It is made of Cr cast iron, and rod-like and massive very hard chromium carbide is dispersed in the high Cr cast iron, so that even if the gas introduced into the cyclone 32 is at a high temperature, the wear resistance is further improved. It is possible to do.

Thus, the abrasion inside the cylinder 50 of the cyclone 32 can be reduced, and the abrasion resistance can be improved.

Incidentally, the cyclone dust collecting apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0040]

As described above, according to the cyclone dust collecting apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the wear inside the cylindrical body of the cyclone and to achieve an excellent effect of improving the wear resistance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to the view taken in the direction of arrows VV in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing a vibration damping member according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a pressurized fluidized bed combined cycle power generation facility equipped with a cyclone.

[Explanation of symbols]

 32 Cyclone 50 Cylindrical body 51 Outer cylinder 52 Air gap 53 Inner cylinder 54 Double cylinder section 55 Gap 56 Gap

Claims (2)

[Claims] A centrifugal force is applied to the gas by introducing a gas containing particles in a tangential direction of the cylinder and turning the gas.
In a cyclone dust collecting apparatus for separating and collecting particles in a gas, a double cylindrical portion having an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder disposed such that a gap is formed inside the outer cylinder is formed in the cylinder. Cyclone dust collecting, wherein a gap is provided in the upper and lower joining portion between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in the double cylinder so that a part of the gas containing particles flows around the gap by bypass. apparatus. 2. The cyclone dust collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder is formed of high Cr cast iron.