JP2002241777A - Synthetic lubricating oil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a synthetic lubricating oil having improved heat resistance, excellent lubricating properties, temperature-viscosity characteristics (viscosity index) and low-temperature fluidity. SOLUTION: This synthetic lubricating oil comprises a polycondensate composed of one or more kinds of compounds selected from the group consisting of (1) component A of an 28-44C dimer acid hydride, component B of a 1-50C saturated aliphatic alcohol, component C of a dihydric to hexahydric polyol, component D of a 2-36C saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid, component E of a hydrogenated dimer diol derived from the dimer acid hydride of the component A and component F of a 2-36C saturated aliphatic dibasic acid and/or (2) a polycondensate composed of the component E and one or more kinds of compounds selected from the group consisting of the component A, the component B, the component C, the component D and the component F.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a synthetic lubricating oil,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a synthetic lubricating oil having good heat resistance and excellent lubricity, temperature-viscosity characteristics (viscosity index) and low-temperature fluidity. The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention is particularly suitable for metals such as various kinds of lubricating oils for automobiles, machines, ships, aircraft, and industry, grease base oils or rolling oils, cutting / grinding oils, drawing oils, and press working oils. It can be used for processing oils, plastic processing oils and lubricating oils having good friction and wear resistance during sliding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Lubricating oils are widely used in various industrial fields, and are mainly used to reduce friction and wear at the contact surface during plastic working of metals and sliding contact between metals. It is to reduce. The physical properties required for the lubricating oil vary depending on the field of use, but generally include lubricity, oxidation stability, heat stability, low-temperature fluidity, viscosity characteristics, and the like.

In order to satisfy the above-mentioned performances, mineral oils, animal and vegetable fats and oils, and fatty acids derived from animal and vegetable oils have been used as natural products as base oils and additives for various lubricating oil compositions, and α as synthetic products. -Olefin oligomers, polyalkylene glycols, fatty acid monoesters and diesters, polyol (hindered) esters, phosphate esters, silicate esters, silanes, silicones, polyphenyl ethers, fluorocarbons, and the like are used, and these can be used alone. It has been practically used as a lubricating oil composition having the intended performance when used in combination or in combination.

[0004] Specifically, in the case of cold rolling oil used for thin steel sheets, animal and vegetable oils (such as tallow, lard, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil and coconut oil) are used as base oils and mineral oils. It is roughly divided into oil and oil. Generally, rolling oils containing mineral oil as a base oil are used to enhance rolling lubricity. In order to enhance rolling lubricity, animal and vegetable fats and oils and fatty acids (such as capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid) or esters (trimethylolpropane) are used. , Pentaerythritol, 2
Oily improvers such as monoesters, diesters and synthetic esters such as polyesters of alcohols such as ethylhexyl alcohol and carboxylic acids).

On the other hand, lubricating oils used for metal cutting and grinding are mineral oil, animal and vegetable fats and oils, extreme pressure additives, surfactants, defoamers, metal anticorrosives, antioxidants, preservatives and fungicides. It is manufactured by appropriately mixing agents and the like according to the purpose.
The cutting fluid is usually used after being diluted 10 to 100 times with water, but in some cases, a non-aqueous cutting fluid may be used. The basic performance to be possessed by the cutting grinding oil is that it does not have lubricity, cooling property, rust prevention property and other ancillary conditions such as foaming property, roughening property, human toxicity and odor. Cutting grinding oil must have the above performances in a well-balanced manner, even if the emphasis varies depending on the purpose of use and conditions, but cutting grinding oils that can sufficiently satisfy these have not yet been put to practical use. is the current situation.

With the diversification and sophistication of the industrial field in recent years, the use conditions of lubricating oils have become severe, and it has become difficult to satisfy the required performance with conventional synthetic lubricating oils. I have. Specifically, the temperature used is −30 ° C.
The following extremely low temperature range, heating and sliding with metal etc.
Operating conditions are becoming severe, such as high temperatures exceeding ℃. There is a demand for lubricating oils that can be used for a long time even under such conditions, and the lubricating oils must have good lubricity, heat resistance, oxidation stability, low-temperature fluidity, and temperature-viscosity characteristics (high viscosity index). ) Is particularly important.

[0007] Under these circumstances, conventional hydrocarbon-based synthetic lubricating oils have the problems that the coefficient of friction is relatively high, the load resistance and oiliness are poor, and the lubricity is insufficient. Further, ether-based synthetic lubricating oils having excellent heat resistance and oxidative stability are expensive and have a problem in compatibility with mineral oil. Among the most practical ester-based synthetic lubricating oils, diesters capable of achieving a relatively high viscosity index (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 05-500382) and hindered esters capable of achieving high low-temperature fluidity (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-1451)
It is difficult to satisfy all the requirements of lubricity, heat resistance, oxidative stability, low-temperature fluidity, and temperature-viscosity properties at the same time also in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 04-1990 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-250080. Studies have also been made on esters having a dimer structure (JP-A-2-107696, JP-T-7-508783).
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (KOKAI) No. 9-502754 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-502754) have not been sufficiently studied with respect to heat resistance.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide good heat resistance, lubricity, oxidation stability, and temperature-resistance.
An object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic lubricating oil having excellent viscosity characteristics (viscosity index) and low-temperature fluidity.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that a synthetic lubricating oil containing a specific polycondensate can achieve the above object. The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and (1) Component A: carbon number 28
~ 44 dimer acid hydrides and component B: carbon number 1
~ 50 saturated aliphatic alcohols, component C: di- to hexavalent polyol, component D: saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, component E: derived from the hydride of dimer acid of component A above Hydrogenated dimer diol, and component F: a polycondensate comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of saturated aliphatic dibasic acids having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, and / or
Or (2) a polycondensate comprising the component E and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the component A, the component B, the component C, the component D, and the component F, It provides a synthetic lubricating oil.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention will be described in detail. The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention comprises (1) component A: a hydride of dimer acid having 28 to 44 carbon atoms, component B: a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and component C: 2 to
Hexavalent polyol, component D: saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, component E: hydrogenated dimer diol derived from the hydride of dimer acid of component A, and component F: 2 to 36 carbon atoms A polycondensate consisting of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of 36 saturated aliphatic dibasic acids,
Or (2) a polycondensate comprising component E and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of component A, component B, component C, component D, and component F. First, the polycondensate of the above (1) will be described. the above
The polycondensate of (1) is a component A: a hydride of a dimer acid having 28 to 44 carbon atoms, a component B: a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, and a component C: a divalent to hexavalent polyol. , Component D: a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, Component E: a hydrogenated dimer diol derived from a hydride of the dimer acid of Component A, and Component F: Saturation having 2 to 36 carbon atoms. It is a polycondensate comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of aliphatic dibasic acids.

The component A will be described. Component A above
Is a hydride of dimer acid having 28 to 44 carbon atoms (hereinafter, referred to as a hydride)
In this specification, it is also called hydrogenated dimer acid). The number of carbon atoms is preferably from 32 to 38, and more preferably 36. The hydrogenated dimer acid refers to a hydrogenated dimer of unsaturated fatty acid. The unsaturated fatty acid can be used without any particular limitation, and examples thereof include palmito oleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and erucic acid. As a raw material of the dimer acid of the component A, the above unsaturated fatty acids may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used as a mixture. When a hydride of dimer acid having less than 28 carbon atoms is used, the heat resistance of the obtained synthetic lubricating oil is not improved, and when a hydride of dimer acid having more than 44 carbon atoms is used, In addition, improvement in low-temperature fluidity of the obtained synthetic lubricating oil is not achieved. The hydride of the dimer acid of the component A is preferably one having an iodine value of 0 to 30,
A value of 10 is more preferred. If the iodine value exceeds 30, solidification or an increase in viscosity may occur when used as a lubricating oil. Therefore, an iodine value within the above range is preferably used. In addition, the above unsaturated fatty acid is dimerized,
There is no particular limitation on the method of hydrogenation, and the hydrogenation can be performed by a conventionally known method. In addition, when producing dimer acid, components other than dimers such as monomers and trimers are produced as by-products, but the heat resistance of the polycondensate,
In order to maintain good low temperature fluidity and viscosity characteristics,
It is preferable that the content of the by-product is low. Specifically, the purity of the dimer acid is preferably 95% by mass or more, and more preferably 98% by mass or more.

Next, the component B will be described. The component B is a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 50 carbon atoms. Examples of the saturated aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 50 carbon atoms include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, amyl alcohol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol,
Lauryl alcohol, tridecanol, myristyl alcohol, cetanol, stearyl alcohol, 3,5
5-trimethyl hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, iso-myristyl alcohol, isopalmityl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, isoC _{24 to 26} alcohols, isoC _{32 to 36} alcohols, and nC ₅₀ alcohol. The saturated aliphatic alcohols may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
When a saturated aliphatic alcohol having more than 50 carbon atoms is used, the resulting synthetic lubricating oil cannot be improved in low-temperature fluidity. Among these, from the viewpoint of heat resistance and low-temperature fluidity, monohydric alcohols having 5 to 28 carbon atoms and having a linear or branched alkyl group are preferable, and having 6 to 2 carbon atoms.
A monohydric alcohol having four linear or branched alkyl groups is more preferred. Such monohydric alcohols include, for example, amyl alcohol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol,
Lauryl alcohol, tridecanol, myristyl alcohol, cetanol, stearyl alcohol, 3,5
5-trimethylhexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, isomiristyl alcohol, isopalmityl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, and isoC _24-26 alcohol.

Next, the component C will be described. Component C is a di- to hexavalent polyol. Examples of the divalent to hexavalent polyol include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight: 400 to 1000), 1,3-propanediol,
1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol,
1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol,
Diols such as 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-hydroxystearyl alcohol and 3-methylpentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2butyl-2ethyl-1,3propanediol, glycerin, diglycerin, triglycerin, trimethylol Examples thereof include propane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol, ditrimethylolpropane, ditrimethylolethane, and dipentaerythritol. Also, dimers and trimers of neopentyl glycol can be used. 2 above
The polyvalent to hexavalent polyols may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. The component C preferably has 2 to 45 carbon atoms, more preferably has 2 to 28 carbon atoms, and still more preferably has 2 to 10 carbon atoms. However, the hydrogenated dimer diol of the component E used in the present invention is excluded from the component C. When a polyol having 7 or more valences is used, improvement in heat resistance of the resultant synthetic lubricating oil cannot be achieved.

Next, the component D will be described. The component D is a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms. Examples of the saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms include acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, pentanoic acid,
Caproic acid, heptanoic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid,
Capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, heptadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, pentadecanoic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, montanic acid, isopropionic acid,
2-ethylbutanoic acid, isoheptanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, isononanoic acid, isodecanoic acid, isotridecanoic acid, isomyristic acid, isopalmitic acid, isostearic acid, isoarachinic acid, isotetracosanoic acid, isohexacosanoic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid and the like. . In terms of heat resistance and low-temperature fluidity, the carbon number is 3 to 2
A monovalent saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 8 linear or branched alkyl groups is preferable, and a monovalent saturated aliphatic having a linear or branched alkyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms. Group carboxylic acids are more preferred. Such carboxylic acids include caproic acid, heptanoic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, heptadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, pentadecanoic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, Behenic acid, isopropionic acid, 2-ethylbutanoic acid, isoheptanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, isononanoic acid,
Isodecanoic acid, isotridecanoic acid, isomyristic acid,
Examples include isopalmitic acid, isostearic acid, isoarachinic acid, isotetracosanoic acid, and isohexacosanoic acid. The saturated aliphatic carboxylic acids having 2 to 36 carbon atoms may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having more than 36 carbon atoms is used, improvement in low-temperature fluidity of the resulting synthetic lubricating oil cannot be achieved.

Next, the component E will be described. The component E is a hydrogenated dimer diol derived from the hydride of the dimer acid having 28 to 44 carbon atoms of the component A. The hydrogenated dimer diol is usually obtained by further hydrogenating the hydrogenated dimer acid of the component A. The hydrogenated dimer diol preferably has 32 to 38 carbon atoms, and more preferably 36 carbon atoms. Component E above
The hydrogenated dimer diol has an iodine value of 0 to 30.
Are preferred, and those of 0 to 10 are more preferred. If the iodine value exceeds 30, solidification or viscosity increase may occur when used as a lubricating oil.
It is preferable to use one within the above range. Component E above
Since the hydrogenated dimer diol is also derived from the dimer acid of the component A, components other than the dimer such as a monomer and a trimer are produced as by-products during production, but the heat resistance, low-temperature fluidity and In order to maintain good viscosity characteristics, the content of the by-product is preferably low.
Specifically, the purity of the hydrogenated dimer diol is 95% by mass.
The above is preferable, and the one with 98% by mass or more is more preferable.

Next, the component F will be described. The component F is a saturated aliphatic dibasic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms. As a saturated aliphatic dibasic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms,
For example, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid,
Adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid,
Sebacic acid, dodecadic acid, brassic acid, icosadic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and the like. The saturated aliphatic dibasic acids having 2 to 36 carbon atoms may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Component F above
Is more preferably a saturated aliphatic dibasic acid having 2 to 28 carbon atoms. However, the hydrogenated dimer acid of the component A used in the present invention is excluded from the component F. When a saturated aliphatic dibasic acid having more than 36 carbon atoms is used, low-temperature fluidity and heat resistance are not improved.

The above (1) contained in the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention.
Is a polycondensate comprising the above component A and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the above components B, C, D, E and F. . There is no particular limitation on the method for producing the polycondensate,
It can be performed by a conventionally known method. For example,
The polycondensation reaction is obtained by reacting each component under heating, and as a catalyst, an acid catalyst such as paratoluenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid or the like, lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, Strontium, barium, aluminum, titanium, cobalt, germanium, tin, lead, antimony,
The reaction is carried out by using metals such as arsenic and cerium and alkoxides thereof. At the time of the polycondensation reaction, the amount of the raw material is adjusted so that the carboxyl group and the hydroxyl group in the raw material are equimolar, and usually under an inert gas atmosphere, a suitable amount of a refluxing solvent such as xylene is added, It is preferable to remove by-product water out of the system by azeotropic distillation. The reaction temperature is preferably from 120C to 250C, usually from 150C to 230C. In some cases, the polycondensation reaction may be performed under reduced pressure. Further, it is not preferable that unreacted fatty acids and alcohol remain, and the unreacted fatty acids and alcohol may be removed outside the system by means such as distillation under reduced pressure. In the polycondensation reaction, a transesterification method using a methyl ester, an ethyl ester, a propyl ester, an isopropyl ester, or the like of each raw material can be used in addition to ordinary esterification.

The above (1) contained in the synthetic lubricating oil of the above (1)
Is a polycondensate comprising the above component A and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the above components B, C, D, E and F. The above components B, C, D, E and F may be used alone or in combination of two or more. As the polycondensate of the above (1), a polycondensate comprising the above-mentioned component A and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned component B, the above-mentioned component C and the above-mentioned component D, among which the above-mentioned component A And a polycondensate of the above component B are preferred.

When the polycondensate (1) is produced by using two or more of the above components BF, a single-stage reaction in which all of the components are reacted at once may be used, but any one or two to four, preferably
After reacting one or two kinds with the above-mentioned component A, a two-step reaction step of reacting the other components may be used. By using the two-stage reaction step, it is possible to obtain a polycondensate having a more stable structure. For example, after polycondensing component A with component C and / or component E,
Further, a polycondensate obtained by polycondensing the above-mentioned component B and / or the above-mentioned component D may be mentioned. The polycondensate of the above (1) preferably has an iodine value of 0 to 30, and more preferably 0 to 10, from the viewpoint of heat resistance and viscosity characteristics. If the polycondensate of the above (1) has an iodine value of more than 30, it may be solidified or increase in viscosity when used as a lubricating oil. Furthermore, as the polycondensate of the above (1), from the viewpoint of heat resistance and viscosity properties, it is not preferable that unreacted hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups remain, so that the hydroxyl value or acid value of the polycondensate is low. Is preferred. Specifically, the hydroxyl value is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 1 or less. The acid value is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less.

Next, the polycondensate of the above (2) will be described. The polycondensate of the above (2) is a polycondensate comprising the above component E and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the above components A, B, C, D and F. It is a condensate. Components E, A, B, C, D and F
Is the same as described for the polycondensate of (1) above. Also, regarding the method for producing the polycondensate,
The polycondensate can be produced by the same method as described in the method for producing the polycondensate of the above (1).

The polycondensate of the above (2) includes the above component E
And a polycondensate of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned component B, the above-mentioned component D and the above-mentioned component F, and among them, a polycondensate of the above-mentioned component E and the above-mentioned component D is preferable.
Further, the polycondensate of the above (2) can also be produced using a two-step reaction step, similarly to the polycondensate of the above (1). As such a product, for example, a polycondensate obtained by polycondensing component E with component F and / or component A and then polycondensing component B and / or component D is also available. No. Further, as the polycondensate of the above (2), from the viewpoint of heat resistance and viscosity properties, the iodine value is preferably in the range of 0 to 30, and the iodine value is more preferably in the range of 0 to 10. . If the polycondensate of the above (2) has an iodine value of more than 30, solidification or an increase in viscosity may occur when used as a lubricant. Furthermore, as the polycondensate of the above (2), it is not preferable that unreacted hydroxyl groups or carboxyl groups remain from the viewpoint of heat resistance and viscosity characteristics, and therefore, the hydroxyl value or acid value of the polycondensate is low. Is preferred. Specifically, the hydroxyl value is preferably 5 or less, more preferably 1 or less. The acid value is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.1 or less.

The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention contains the polycondensate of (1) and / or (2). The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention may contain any one of the polycondensate of the above (1) or the polycondensate of the above (2).
Both of the polycondensates of (2) may be contained. The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention preferably contains the polycondensate of (1) and / or the polycondensate of (2) in an amount of 0.1 to 100% by mass,
More preferably, it is 1 to 50% by mass. Content is 0.1
When the amount is less than mass%, the effect of the present polycondensate does not appear.

The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention preferably has an evaporation amount of 2% or less in an evaporation loss test. If the amount of evaporation exceeds 2%, the lubricating properties of the obtained synthetic lubricating oil may be reduced, or problems such as corrosion of equipment and materials to be used may occur. The evaporation amount may be 2% or less, but is more preferably 1.5% or less, and most preferably 1% or less. The evaporation loss in the evaporation loss test can be determined as follows. 50 ml
10 g of the test sample was precisely weighed in a beaker, and the beaker containing the sample was placed in a closed thermostat set at a temperature of 200 ° C.
After standing for a while, the beaker containing the sample is cooled, and the beaker is precisely weighed. The evaporation loss is calculated from the following equation. Evaporation loss = ((weight of sample before test−weight of sample after test) / weight of sample before test) × 100 In the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention, the polycondensate of (1) and / or In addition to the polycondensate of (2), further known additives such as mineral oil, animal and vegetable fats and oils, extreme pressure additives, surfactants, defoamers, metal corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, preservatives and fungicides Can be added. When the above additive is contained, its content is preferably 0.01 to 0.01% of the total amount of the synthetic lubricating oil.
40% by mass.

The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention comprises:
It is suitable as a mechanical lubricating oil, a marine lubricating oil, an aircraft lubricating oil, an industrial lubricating oil, a grease base oil and a plastic working lubricating oil.

[0025]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. It goes without saying that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples. In the following description, parts are by weight unless otherwise specified. Example 1 A 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube, and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube was charged with hydrogenated dimer diol (a dimer diol having 34 to 38 carbon atoms, dimer purity: 98). %, Iodine value: 1.4) (Component E) 2
64 parts, 86 parts of 2-ethylhexanoic acid (component D), 3,
95 parts of 5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid (component D), 0.06 part of titanium tetraisopropoxide as a catalyst, and 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent were charged and by-produced at a temperature of 180 to 230 ° C. under a nitrogen stream. The reaction was carried out for 10 hours while removing water from the system. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted fatty acids were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 200 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention.

The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated by the following test methods. The test measured the loss on evaporation at 200 ° C., which is an index for the heat resistance of the synthetic lubricating oil. In addition, other physical properties were measured by the test methods described below. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. <Measurement method of evaporation loss> 10 g of the test sample was precisely weighed in a 50 ml beaker, and the beaker containing the sample was allowed to stand for 24 hours in a closed thermostat set at a temperature of 200 ° C. Cool and weigh beaker precisely. The evaporation loss is calculated from the following equation. Loss on evaporation = ((weight of sample before test−weight of sample after test) / weight of sample before test) × 100 In this test, an evaporation loss of 2% or less is an indicator of high heat resistance. Becomes

<Acid value> The acid value was measured according to the standard method for analyzing fats and oils (Japan Oil Chemists' Society). <Saponification value> The saponification value was measured by a standard fat and oil analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemists' Society). <Hydroxyl value> The hydroxyl value was measured by a standard fat and oil analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemical Society). <Kinematic viscosity> The kinematic viscosity was measured according to JIS K2283. <Pour point> The measurement was performed according to JIS K 2269. <Viscosity index> The viscosity index was measured according to JIS K2283. <Iodine value> The iodine value was measured by a standard fat and oil analysis test method (Japan Oil Chemists' Society).

Example 2 A 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a water sample tube was charged with hydrogenated dimer diol (28-40 carbon atoms dimer diol, dimer diol). Purity: 98%, Iodine value: 1.9) (Component E) 3
38 parts, 142 parts of sebacic acid (component F), 0.06 part of triisobutylaluminum as a catalyst, and 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent were charged at 180 ° C. under a nitrogen stream.
The reaction was performed at a temperature of 230 ° C. while removing by-produced water out of the system until the theoretical amount of water was reached. After the reaction, the reaction product in the beaker was cooled to 80 ° C. Next, 164 parts of isopalmitic acid (component D) was added, and the mixture was reacted at a temperature of 180 ° C to 230 ° C for 12 hours under a nitrogen stream. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted fatty acids were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 230 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Example 3 A 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube was charged with hydrogenated dimer diol (32-38 carbon dimer diol, dimer diol). Purity: 96%, iodine value: 6.4) (Component E) 3
54 parts, dodecane diacid (component F) 154 parts, tridecanol (component B) 134 parts, stannous oxide 0.0 as a catalyst
6 parts and 23 parts of xylene as a reflux solvent were charged, and a reaction was carried out for 12 hours while removing by-product water outside the system at a temperature of 180 ° C. to 230 ° C. under a nitrogen stream. After the reaction, 23
Xylene and unreacted alcohol were recovered under reduced pressure at 0 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Example 4 A 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube was charged with hydrogenated dimer acid (dimer acid having 32 to 38 carbon atoms, dimer acid). purity:
98%, iodine value 3.3) (Component A) 432 parts, isostearyl alcohol (Component B) 216 parts, paratoluenesulfonic acid 0.06 part as a catalyst, and xylene 23 parts as a refluxing solvent were charged, and the mixture was placed under a nitrogen stream. 180 ℃ -23
The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 0 ° C. for 8 hours while removing by-product water out of the system. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted alcohol were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 250 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Example 5 A 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube was charged with hydrogenated dimer acid (dimer acid having 36 to 40 carbon atoms, dimer acid). purity:
95%, iodine value: 2.4) (Component A) 392 parts, 1,
83 parts of 6-hexanediol (component C), 169 parts of isopalmityl alcohol (component B), 0.06 part of titanium tetraisopropoxide as a catalyst, and 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent were charged at 180 ° C. under a nitrogen stream. ~ 23
The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 0 ° C. for 12 hours while removing by-product water from the system. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted alcohol were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 230 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Example 6 A 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube was charged with hydrogenated dimer acid (dimer acid having 28 to 38 carbon atoms, dimer acid). purity:
96%, iodine value: 2.1) 431 parts (component A), 103 parts of trimethylolpropane (component C), 0.06 part of stannous oxide as a catalyst, and 2 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent
Three parts were charged, and the reaction was carried out under a nitrogen stream at a temperature of 180 ° C. to 230 ° C. until the theoretical amount of water was reached while removing by-product water out of the system. After the completion of the reaction, the reaction product in the beaker was cooled to 80 ° C. Next, 111 parts of 2-ethylhexanoic acid (component D) was added, and the mixture was heated at 180 ° C under a nitrogen stream.
The reaction was performed at a temperature of ２３０230 ° C. for 10 hours. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted fatty acids were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 230 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Example 7 A 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube was charged with hydrogenated dimer diol (dimer diol having 36 carbon atoms, dimer purity: 98%, iodine value: 0.7) (Component E) 264
Part, hydrogenated dimer acid (dimer acid having 36 carbon atoms, dimer purity: 98%, iodine value: 1.2) (component A) 28
0 parts, 107 parts of isotridecanoic acid (component D), 0.06 part of titanium tetraisopropoxide as a catalyst, and 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent were charged under a nitrogen stream.
The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 0 ° C. to 230 ° C. for 16 hours while removing by-product water out of the system. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted fatty acids were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 230 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Comparative Example 1 116 parts of pentaerythritol and 537 parts of 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid were placed in a 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube. 0.06 para-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst
And 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent, and reacted for 18 hours while removing by-product water out of the system at a temperature of 180 ° C. to 230 ° C. under a nitrogen stream. After the reaction, 2
Xylene and unreacted fatty acids were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 30 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as a synthetic lubricating oil. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 76 parts of pentaerythritol, 573 parts of isopalmitic acid and oxidized primary catalyst as a catalyst were placed in a 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube. 0.06 part of tin and 23 parts of xylene as a reflux solvent were charged, and a reaction was carried out for 18 hours while removing by-product water out of the system at a temperature of 180 ° C to 230 ° C under a nitrogen stream. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted fatty acids were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 250 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as a synthetic lubricating oil. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Comparative Example 3 In a 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube, 116 parts of dipentaerythritol and 523 isostearic acid (2-heptylundecanoic acid) were placed. Parts, 0.06 part of titanium tetraisopropoxide as a catalyst, and 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent, and reacted for 18 hours while removing by-product water out of the system at a temperature of 180 ° C to 260 ° C under a nitrogen stream. Was done. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted fatty acids were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 260 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as a synthetic lubricating oil. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Comparative Example 4 Sebacic acid 1 was placed in a 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube.
80 parts, 450 parts of isotridecanol, 0.06 part of titanium tetraisopropoxide as a catalyst, and 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent were charged at 180 ° C. under a nitrogen stream.
At a temperature of 230 ° C., 18
A time reaction was performed. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted alcohol were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 230 ° C.,
A polycondensate was obtained and used as a synthetic lubricating oil. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Comparative Example 5 Dimer acid 4 was placed in a 1-liter four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a nitrogen inlet tube, and a reflux condenser equipped with a test tube.
45 parts, 216 parts of isostearyl alcohol, 0.06 part of paratoluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst, and 23 parts of xylene as a refluxing solvent were charged at 180 ° C. under a nitrogen stream.
The reaction was carried out at a temperature of 230 ° C. for 8 hours while removing by-product water out of the system. After completion of the reaction, xylene and unreacted alcohol were recovered under reduced pressure at a temperature of 250 ° C. to obtain a polycondensate, which was used as a synthetic lubricating oil. The obtained synthetic lubricating oil was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0039]

[Table 1]

[0040]

[Table 2]

As is clear from the descriptions in Tables 1 and 2,
The synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention has good heat resistance, lubricity,
It was shown to be excellent in temperature-viscosity characteristics (viscosity index) and low-temperature fluidity.

[0042]

As described above in detail, the synthetic lubricating oil of the present invention comprises (1) a component A: a hydride of dimer acid having 28 to 44 carbon atoms, and a component B: a hydride of 1 to 50 carbon atoms. Saturated aliphatic alcohol, component C: divalent to hexavalent polyol, component D: saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, component E: hydrogenated dimer derived from a hydride of dimer acid of component A above A diol, and a component F: a polycondensate comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of saturated aliphatic dibasic acids having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, and / or (2) the component E;
It contains a polycondensate consisting of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the component A, the component B, the component C, the component D, and the component F, has good heat resistance, and has lubrication. It has excellent properties, temperature-viscosity characteristics (viscosity index) and low-temperature fluidity.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (Reference) C10M 129/72 C10M 129/72 129/74 129/74 129/78 129/78 // C10N 20:00 C10N 20:00 AZ 30:02 30:02 30:06 30:06 30:08 30:08 40:00 40:00 Z 40:22 40:22 40:24 40:24 Z 40:25 40:25 50 : 10 50:10 F term (reference) 4H104 BB32A BB32C BB33A BB33C BB34A BB34C BB36A BB36C BB39A BB39C EA04A EA04C EA22A EA22C LA01 LA03 LA04 PA08 PA21 PA41 PA50 QA18

Claims (13)

[Claims] (1) Component A: a hydride of a dimer acid having 28 to 44 carbon atoms, component B: a saturated aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, component C: a di- to hexavalent polyol, Component D: a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid having 2 to 36 carbon atoms, component E: a hydrogenated dimer diol derived from a hydride of the dimer acid of the above component A, and component F: a saturated fat having 2 to 36 carbon atoms A polycondensate comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of group dibasic acids, and / or (2) the component E, the component A, the component B, the component C, the component D, and A synthetic lubricating oil comprising a polycondensate comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the above component F. 2. The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the content of the polycondensate of (1) or the polycondensate of (2) is 0.1 to 100% by mass. 3. The polycondensate of the above (1), wherein the component A is
The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, which is a polycondensate comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the component B, the component C, and the component D. 4. The polycondensate of the above (2), wherein the component E is
The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, which is a polycondensate comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the component B, the component D, and the component F. 5. The polycondensate of the above (1), wherein the component A is
The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, which is a polycondensate obtained by polycondensing component C and / or component E and then polycondensing component B and / or component D. 6. The polycondensate of the above (2), wherein the component E is
The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1 or 2, which is a polycondensate obtained by polycondensing component F and / or component A and then polycondensing component B and / or component D. 7. The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the polycondensate of (1) is a polycondensate of the component A and the component B. 8. The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the polycondensate of (2) is a polycondensate of the component E and the component D. 9. The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein said component A has an iodine value of 0 to 30. 10. The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein the component E has an iodine value of 0 to 30. 11. The polycondensate contained therein has an iodine value of 0 to 3
The synthetic lubricating oil according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is 0. 12. In the evaporation loss test, the evaporation amount is 2%
The synthetic lubricating oil according to claim 1, wherein: 13. Lubricating oil for automobiles, lubricating oil for machinery, lubricating oil for ships, lubricating oil for aircraft, lubricating oil for industrial use, grease containing the synthetic lubricating oil according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Base oil or lubricating oil for plastic working.