JP2002237409A - Permanent magnet wire and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a long permanent magnet wire which is low in material cost and manufacturing cost. SOLUTION: In the axial section of a nonmagnetic conductive exterior material (exterior material) 2 of the permanent magnet wire 1, permanent magnet regions 3 and nonmagnetic metallic regions 4 are alternately arranged. Each permanent magnet region 3 is provided with permanent magnet powder and a binder metal composed of a nonmagnetic material. The cross-sectional shape of the exterior material 2 is almost similar to that of the permanent magnet region 3 arranged in the axial section and the cross section of the material 2, and regions 3 have circular, elliptic, square, or polygonal external forms. When the material 2 and regions 3 have the circular shapes, the wire 1 becomes a bar-like wire and, when the material 2 and regions 3 have square shapes, the wire 1 becomes a belt-like wire.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite material comprising a combination of a ductile metal material and a permanent magnet powder, and more particularly to a permanent magnet wire in which a permanent magnet powder is dispersed in an axial region of a non-magnetic conductive exterior material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a means for recording a magnetic signal on a long wire, there is a magnetic wire. The magnetic wire is formed by processing a metallic magnetic material into a linear shape or a band shape, and can be used as a scale on which a position signal is recorded by giving magnetization at predetermined intervals. One of the uses of this magnetic wire is a magnetic signal line. This means that when an autonomous vehicle is driven in a factory, the magnetic signal lines embedded in the ground can be sensed by sensors provided on the autonomous vehicle and run in the area where the magnetic signal lines are arranged. Things. In addition, an automatic guidance system (ITS) for a vehicle, which has a similar use, has a sensor mounted on a vehicle that runs on a permanent magnet (hereinafter referred to as a magnetic nail) at intervals of about 1 m on a road. It reads the magnetism and drives it automatically.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventors have devised and filed a permanent magnet wire in which permanent magnet powder is dispersed in a shaft portion of a nonmagnetic conductive exterior material. This permanent magnet wire is manufactured by filling a pipe of aluminum or copper with a mixed powder of a mixture of a permanent magnet powder and a binder metal powder, installing plugs at both ends of the pipe to prevent the powder from flowing out, and drawing a cold wire. Cold drawing is performed using a device to draw to a predetermined wire diameter. With an outer diameter of φ15mm,
Even when a pipe of 1 m in length was drawn to a diameter of 2 mm, the length obtained was only about 50 m, which was a short permanent magnet wire. Of course, it is easily conceivable that a long permanent magnet wire can be finally obtained by using a pipe with a large outside diameter and a long length for the initial pipe, but not only the equipment becomes large but also the equipment is stored. The building was too large to be easily realized. Further, even when a method of connecting a plurality of wires by welding or the like to obtain a long wire in the middle of drawing is used, it is difficult to manufacture a long permanent magnet wire because the pipe has a small thickness and is cut during the drawing. .

When used as a magnetic signal line for automatic traveling, depending on the magnetizing method, the magnet is often not magnetized over the entire area of the permanent magnet wire but with a certain interval. In such a magnetizing method, the non-magnetized portion does not need to contain the permanent magnet powder. Since the price of the permanent magnet powder is high, the price of the permanent magnet wire increases. If a long permanent magnet wire is made, the work can be continuously performed when laying as a magnetic signal line, so that the laying cost can be reduced. Further, since the number of times of setup change in the manufacturing process of the permanent magnet wire can be reduced, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Then, an object of the present invention is to obtain a long permanent magnet wire, and to obtain a permanent magnet wire with low material and low manufacturing cost.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a permanent magnet wire in which a permanent magnet region and a non-magnetic metal region are alternately arranged on a shaft portion of a non-magnetic conductive exterior material (hereinafter, referred to as an exterior material).
The permanent magnet area comprises permanent magnet powder and binder metal,
The binder metal is a non-magnetic material.

[0006] The cross-sectional outer shape of the non-magnetic conductive exterior material and the cross-sectional outer shape of the permanent magnet region of the shaft portion are substantially similar to each other, and their outer shapes are circles, ellipses, squares, and polygons.
When the outer shape is a circle, it is rod-shaped, and when the outer shape is square, it is a strip-shaped permanent magnet wire.

[0007] The non-magnetic conductive exterior material is disposed on a shaft portion,
The permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region have substantially the same cross-sectional shape, and have the same or different lengths. The permanent magnet regions and the non-magnetic metal regions may be arranged alternately with substantially the same length or with a fixed ratio. Further, the ratio of the length of the permanent magnet region to the length of the non-magnetic metal region may be different depending on the portion of the permanent magnet wire.

[0008] The permanent magnet wire according to the present invention is characterized in that the outer periphery of the exterior material is covered with a non-magnetic insulating material. By coating with a non-magnetic insulating material, the exterior material can be shielded from corrosive gas and moisture, and the corrosion resistance can be improved. Also, when an electric signal is applied to the permanent magnet wire,
Leakage from the permanent magnet wire can be prevented.
The non-magnetic insulating material may be a method of coating and winding the insulating material on the surface of the exterior material, or may be a passivation process using a chemical agent on the surface of the exterior material.

As the non-magnetic insulating material, the following materials can be used. All non-magnetic insulating materials used for electric wires and cables can be used, and the equipment for applying and coating non-magnetic insulating materials to electric wires and cables can be used as it is, thus reducing manufacturing costs. Rather, reliability for corrosion resistance has already been proven. Insulation may be performed by wrapping the surface of the exterior material with a cloth, paper, or vinyl tape with an adhesive, but the cloth or paper tape absorbs moisture and lowers the dielectric strength. There is a restriction that it cannot be used. Passivation treatment can be performed on the surface of the exterior material using a chemical agent. For example, when aluminum is used for the non-magnetic conductive exterior material, an anodic oxide film is formed on the aluminum surface by the method described in the JIS-H-9500 standard for anodizing aluminum and aluminum alloys. But it is good.

[0010] The permanent magnet region is characterized by comprising permanent magnet powder and non-magnetic metal powder. The non-magnetic metal powder causes plastic deformation during the production of the permanent magnet wire, and serves to integrate the permanent magnet powder with the exterior material and the non-magnetic metal region. Even if the permanent magnet region is constituted only by the permanent magnet powder, a permanent magnet wire shape can be obtained, but when magnetized, the permanent magnet powder moves and constitutes a closed magnetic circuit between the permanent magnet powders. Weakens the magnetic field strength that appears on the screen. The non-magnetic metal powder also serves to fix the permanent magnet powder so that it does not move by magnetization. The material of the non-magnetic metal powder may be any material that easily undergoes plastic deformation, such as aluminum, tin, lead,
Copper, zinc and the like or alloys thereof are mentioned. Also,
The non-magnetic metal powder may be different from the material of the exterior material or the non-magnetic metal region.

The permanent magnet powder in the permanent magnet region is characterized by being composed of at least one material selected from neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt, and samarium iron. The permanent magnet powder is a neodymium iron boron-based permanent magnet, a samarium-cobalt-based permanent magnet, a samarium-iron-based permanent magnet iron and nickel, cobalt or an alloy material containing them, and a barium-based ferrite,
It is desirable to be made of at least one material selected from strontium ferrite. More specifically, a compound of rare earth metal (lanthanum, samarium, etc.) and cobalt, samarium cobalt (SmC
o ₅ ), samarium iron cobalt copper (Sm (Co, Fe,
_{Cu) 6.8),} samarium iron-cobalt copper zirconium (Sm (Co, Fe, Cu , Zr) 77.4), neodymium-iron-boron _(Nd 2 _{Fe 14} B) or this plus the additive, samarium iron Nitrogen (Sm ₂ Fe
₁₇ N), samarium iron-titanium boron nitrogen-based (Sm (F
ETiB) system), samarium, zirconium iron-cobalt, samarium, zirconium iron-cobalt-boron nitrogen based _{((Sm, Zr) (Fe} , Co) 9 B 0.1 N X), samarium-iron-nitrogen _(SmFe 17 _{N X)} and α iron And oxide-based permanent magnets such as alnico (Al-Ni-Co), barium-based ferrite, and strontium-based ferrite. Although it is possible to use a permanent magnet material that constitutes a conventional bonded magnet, rubber magnet, or plastic magnet, it is preferable to use a coercive force of 100 (Oe).
By using the above permanent magnet material, a strong magnetic field can be obtained with a thin permanent magnet wire having a small diameter or a thin band. The composition shown in parentheses is an example, and is not limited to this.

It is preferable that the particle diameter of the permanent magnet powder is not more than 1/3 of the minor diameter of the cross section of the permanent magnet region. If the cross-sectional shape of the permanent magnet region is substantially circular, a permanent magnet powder having a particle size of 1/3 or less of the diameter is used. If a powder larger than this is used, not only does the packing density of the permanent magnet decrease, but also the distribution of the permanent magnet powder becomes non-uniform. In addition, since the fluidity of the powder becomes poor, there is a problem that the exterior material is cut off during drawing or rolling, or irregularities are generated on the surface.

The shape of the permanent magnet powder is spherical, elliptical, 6
Use a polyhedron, octahedron or higher polyhedron, plate, flake, needle, crushed rock, sand, irregular shape where it is difficult to find regularity in each shape, or a combination of these Can be. Further, instead of a single particle, a particle obtained by combining a plurality of particles may be used. However, in order to maintain the uniformity of the amount of the permanent magnet powder contained even after drawing or rolling the composite material to a small diameter or a thin plate shape, the composite material has a substantially similar shape and a uniform particle size distribution. It is preferable to use a certain powder.

The exterior material is aluminum, titanium,
It is characterized by being composed of at least one material selected from copper, zinc, silver, tin, niobium, tantalum, platinum, gold, lead or an alloy thereof. A material that is inexpensive and has excellent ductility is preferable, and aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, and lead, which are materials with low work hardening, are particularly preferable. A material having a large work hardening can be used by performing a heat treatment between the steps of drawing and rolling, but is disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing cost because the number of steps is increased.

[0015] An alloy containing iron, nickel, and cobalt can be used as the exterior material as long as it is nonmagnetic.
Since iron, nickel, and cobalt are ferromagnetic materials, the exterior material acts as a magnetic shielding material and cannot be used, but any alloy that does not exhibit ferromagnetism such as non-magnetic stainless steel can be used. .

The non-magnetic metal and the non-magnetic metal region of the permanent magnet region of the shaft portion are selected from aluminum, titanium, copper, zinc, silver, tin, niobium, tantalum, platinum, gold, lead, chromium or alloys thereof. It is characterized by being composed of at least one material. The powder must be readily available and a ductile metal.

The non-magnetic metal region of the shaft portion has a grain size of 200 μm.
m or a powder having an average particle diameter of 100 μm or less,
Powder adheres by plastic deformation and apparent density is 40% or more and 95%
Less than. If the apparent density is not 40% or more, the powder will not adhere. If the density is increased to 95% or more, the fluidity of the powder will decrease during drawing or rolling, or a uniform axial cross section will not be obtained and the surface of the exterior material will be uneven. Or cut. In order to improve the fluidity, a small amount of a lubricant powder such as aluminum stearate may be added. The apparent density of about 60 to 90% is most preferable. The apparent density can be increased when the particle size distribution of the powder is wide (from small grains to large grains). The apparent density refers to the weight per unit volume, and 100% of the apparent density corresponds to the theoretical density. Since the non-magnetic metal region may be joined by welding or the like, it is desirable that the apparent density is as large as possible, and it is preferable to use the same type of metal as the exterior material in order to increase the joining strength.

The nonmagnetic metal in the permanent magnet region has a particle size of 100
It is preferable to use a powder having a diameter of not more than μm or an average particle diameter of not more than 60 μm. The non-magnetic metal undergoes plastic deformation during drawing or rolling, and serves as a binder for fixing the permanent magnet powder and the exterior material. Since the nonmagnetic metal powder needs to enter the voids of the permanent magnet powder, it is important that the particle size is smaller than that of the permanent magnet powder, and the particle size distribution is preferably wider. The use of fine powder having a wide particle size distribution can increase the apparent density of the permanent magnet region. However, metal powders having an average particle size of 10 μm or less are not preferably used because they have a large surface area and are easily oxidized, and there is a risk of ignition during operation.

The permanent magnet wire according to the present invention comprises a nonmagnetic conductive metal tube, a mixed powder of a permanent magnet and a nonmagnetic metal, or a molded product of the mixed powder, a nonmagnetic metal powder or a nonmagnetic metal powder. Alternately filling the molded body with the molded body, a step of plugging the non-magnetic conductive metal tube with air permeability, and cold drawing or cold rolling the non-magnetic conductive metal tube to reduce the diameter. The method includes a step of reducing the size of the non-magnetic conductive metal wire and a step of removing a gas-permeable plug.

The mixing ratio between the non-magnetic metal powder and the permanent magnet powder is represented by Rv = {wt% of the permanent magnet powder} / {wt% of the non-magnetic metal powder}, and Rv = 0.5 to 19. More desirably, by setting Rv = 3 to 15, the uniformity of the powder in which both are mixed is improved. As a method of mixing two or more types of particles, a mixer is used in which the powder is placed in a sealed container and an inert gas is sealed therein, and the container is rotated and rocked, or a V-type mixer capable of filling the inert gas. The inert gas is sealed to prevent oxidation and explosion of the powder. The sealed container is made of metal,
Grounding a part of the container prevents static charge and reduces the risk of explosion, so that the powder can be mixed safely. Further, by defining the particle size or the mixing ratio as described above, the permanent magnet wire including the non-magnetic metal powder and the permanent magnet powder of the present invention can be configured without defects.

When filling the mixed powder obtained in the mixing step into a tubular non-magnetic conductive metal tube or tube (hereinafter referred to as a metal tube), the mixed powder or the non-magnetic metal powder is subjected to a cold working step. It is necessary to close the opening of the metal tube in order to fix it so that it does not leak. The following method can be used as the opening closing method. Methods include mechanically crushing one end of a metal tube to close it, providing a fixing plug near the end in the metal tube, and deforming the end of the metal tube and using a fixing plug together. It is. It is important that the fixing plug has breathability or elasticity. The air permeability has an effect of releasing air contained in the gap of the mixed powder. The elasticity prevents the plug from migrating and contributes to filling the powder sufficiently without leaking.

After the means for fixing the mixed powder and the non-magnetic metal powder are provided on one side of the metal tube, the mixed powder and the non-magnetic metal powder are alternately injected into the metal tube. On this occasion,
A step for increasing the filling rate (density) of the powder can be added. In this step, a method of squeezing the upper surface of the powder with a thin rod from one opening or a method of hitting a metal tube with a hammer to increase the density of the powder by impact can be used. There is a method of filling the gaps between particles by applying ultrasonic waves to a metal tube. However, if too much vibration is applied, the permanent magnet powder and the binder metal are separated, and the uniformity of the mixed powder is reduced. Therefore, the impact and the vibration are made to such an extent that voids and voids generated in the injected mixed powder are eliminated, and also to such an extent that the mixed powder is not separated.

The mixed powder can be formed into a molded body according to the inner shape of the metal tube by using a hydraulic molding machine. Molding is 9.8X
It is important to carry out at a pressure of 10 ³ (N / cm ² ) [1 (ton / cm ² )) or less and not to increase the molding density too much. If the molding density is too high, the flow of the mixed powder during drawing or rolling becomes poor. A molding density that does not collapse when the molded body is gripped by hand is preferable. The mixed powder or the compact of the mixed powder and the powder or the compact forming the non-magnetic metal region are alternately inserted and filled in the metal tube.
After these filling steps, the other opening of the metal tube is closed by the fixing means.

In order to cold-work a metal tube filled with powder or a compact, wire drawing or rolling is used.
In these processing methods, the metal tube is compressed by passing the metal tube through a drawing die, the diameter of the metal tube is reduced, and the metal tube is elongated in the longitudinal direction. It extends in the longitudinal direction through the gap between the rolling rolls of the rolling device. In this compression / expansion, no heat treatment is applied to the metal tube or the device itself, but the non-magnetic metal compressed in the cold process flows plastically or melts locally, and is permanently It is believed that it enters between the magnet powders. The non-magnetic metal is filled between the thinly drawn or thinly rolled metal tube and the permanent magnet powder, the metal tube and the non-magnetic metal are integrated, and the permanent magnet powder is substantially dispersed in the axial region of the exterior material. A structure is obtained in which nonmagnetic metal regions alternate with permanent magnet regions. By repeating this process, the metal tube is elongated thinly or thinly to a desired size, and then the fixing means provided at both ends of the metal tube is removed to obtain a permanent magnet wire.

In order to integrate the metal tube with the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region using the above steps, it is necessary to set the drawing rate to 75% or more. The drawing rate is the cross-sectional area S1 before drawing and the cross-sectional area S after drawing over several degrees.
The ratio of the change of 2 is expressed as a percentage, and is calculated by drawing ratio = (1-S2 / S1) * 100%. Similarly, in the case of rolling, it is desirable to set the rolling rate to 75% or more.

A metal tube is alternately filled with a mixed powder obtained by mixing a permanent magnet powder and a non-magnetic metal powder or a molded product obtained by molding a mixed powder, and a molded product obtained by molding a non-magnetic metal powder or a non-magnetic metal powder. A step of providing a gas-permeable plug to the metal pipe, a step of cold drawing or cold-rolling the metal pipe to reduce its diameter to a nonmagnetic conductive metal wire, Removing, connecting a plurality of non-magnetic conductive metal wires by welding or the like in the non-magnetic metal region, and cold-drawing or cold-rolling the welded non-magnetic conductive metal wires to reduce the diameter. And a method for manufacturing a permanent magnet wire.

After the drawing ratio or the rolling reduction is 75% or more, the fixing means provided at both ends of the metal tube are removed, the non-magnetic metal regions are exposed at the end faces, and the non-magnetic metal regions are butt-joined to each other to perform electric resistance welding. After joining using such means as
Further, by drawing or rolling to a desired size, a plurality of joined long permanent magnet wires can be obtained. In the case of joining in the permanent magnet region, the joining portion is hardly able to obtain tensile strength only in the portion of the metal tube. On the other hand, in the non-magnetic metal region, since the non-magnetic metal region and the metal tube are bonded, the bonding strength required for drawing and rolling can be easily obtained. The metal constituting the non-magnetic metal region and the metal tube are of the same kind, and the higher the apparent density of the non-magnetic metal region, the higher the bonding strength. When joining is performed in the permanent magnet region, the metal tube melts and enters the joining surface at the time of joining, and the permanent magnet region is cut off. In the case of joining in the non-magnetic metal region, problems such as separation of the permanent magnet region do not occur.

In addition to a method in which the non-magnetic metal regions are butted and fused together as in electric resistance welding, a mechanical bonding method and a method using another bonding agent such as brazing can be adopted. is there. As a method of mechanical joining, a sleeve-shaped non-magnetic material is put on an exterior material, and a drawing or the like is applied to join. The exterior material and the sleeve are joined using silver brazing or an organic adhesive. In any case, these methods are inferior in tensile strength to electric resistance welding in comparison with the electric resistance welding method. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce a drawing rate or a rolling rate until the sleeve and the non-magnetic sheath material are integrated. It is preferable to adopt this case when the thickness of the exterior material is large or when wire drawing or rolling is not performed after joining.

The following method can be used to detect the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region. The simplest method is to use a magnetized permanent magnet, and the portion where the permanent magnet sticks is the permanent magnet region, and the portion where it does not stick is the non-magnetic metal region. This method is sufficient for detecting a permanent magnet region and a non-magnetic metal region in an intermediate drawing or rolling process. When magnetizing a permanent magnet wire, the detection method using a permanent magnet not only takes a long time, but also has a problem in detection accuracy of a boundary portion between the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region. For continuous detection, while keeping the distance between the permanent magnet wire and the detection coil constant, it is relatively moved to induce an eddy current in the detection coil, and the impedance of the detection coil is measured to determine the non-contact between the permanent magnet area and the detection coil. The magnetic region can be detected. If the detection using the eddy current is used when the permanent magnet wire is magnetized, the permanent magnet region and the magnetizing magnetic field can be accurately matched, and automation of continuous magnetization is facilitated.

Since the permanent magnet powder in the permanent magnet region of the permanent magnet wire of the present invention is isotropic in which the axis of easy magnetization is fixed in any direction, it can be magnetized in any direction. it can. By magnetizing the obtained permanent magnet wire, it can be used as a magnetic signal line. Also,
By passing an electric signal through the non-magnetic conductive exterior material, a signal line that simultaneously emits a magnetic signal and an electric signal can be obtained.

[0031]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the permanent magnet wire of the present invention, which is made of a nonmagnetic conductive exterior material 2 (hereinafter, referred to as an exterior material) made of aluminum and a permanent magnet powder of aluminum and samarium cobalt. 1 shows a permanent magnet wire 1 in which permanent magnet regions 3 made of aluminum and nonmagnetic metal regions 4 made of aluminum are alternately arranged. As dimensions, the outer diameter of the aluminum cladding material 2 was set to φ2.0 mm, the diameter of the permanent magnet region and the nonmagnetic metal region was set to approximately φ1.1 mm, and three magnet wires 5 of approximately 50 m were joined at the three joints 6. The length is 150 m in the configuration. The lengths of the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region are each about 55 cm. In the dimensions and shape, the composition ratio was such that the powder of the permanent magnet of samarium cobalt in the permanent magnet region was 83 wt%, and the aluminum of the binder metal was 17 wt%.

Next, the manufacturing method used in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. To facilitate understanding, the same reference numerals are used as much as possible. First, aluminum powder 12 and samarium iron cobalt permanent magnet powder 1
The aluminum powder and the samarium-cobalt permanent magnet powder were uniformly mixed by rotating and rocking the sealed container 13 (Step 1). In the mixed powder 16, the particle size distribution of the aluminum powder is several μm.
The average particle diameter was about 35 μm, and the average particle diameter of the samarium cobalt permanent magnet powder was about 150 μm. The generally used aluminum pipe (pipe) 14 with a low impurity concentration has an outer diameter of 15.0 mm,
A hollow rod having an inner diameter of 9.5 mm and a length of 1 m was used.

Next, both ends of the aluminum tube 14 were hit with a hammer to slightly reduce the inner diameter. At one end of the aluminum tube, a fixing plug 15 made of a stainless steel wire rounded into a cotton was packed and fixed (step 2).
1.7 g of a mixed powder 16 obtained by mixing aluminum and samarium cobalt through the opening at the other end of the aluminum tube.
And 0.8 g of aluminum powder 17 were alternately poured and compacted with a thin rod. (Step 3). A similar stopper 15 for stainless steel wire is packed so as to cover the opening,
Aluminum tubes were filled with powders 16 and 17 (step 4). Stainless steel wire fixing plug 15 is φ18μ
m SUS yarn is entangled, and has both elasticity sufficient to fix the powder and air permeability. This breathability
In the next cold working step, the aluminum tube 14 and the mixed powder 16
And functions as a vent for removing air existing between particles of the aluminum powder 17. The removal of the air inside the powder by the ventilation holes is for obtaining strong adhesion between the aluminum exterior material and the permanent magnet powder and the aluminum powder, and between the aluminum exterior material and the aluminum powder. If a large amount of air remains, a gap may be formed between the aluminum exterior material and the permanent magnet powder and the aluminum powder, or the permanent magnet powder and the aluminum powder may fall off from the end of the aluminum exterior material (pipe).

Next, aluminum powder 17 and mixed powder 16
The cold working step of extending the aluminum tube 14 alternately filled with is described. Hit the end of the aluminum tube evenly with a hammer, and use
Was formed. The aluminum tube was pulled out from the hole of the drawing die 19 by passing the fixing portion through the hole of the drawing die 19 and connecting the fixing portion 18 to the pulling and weighing device 20 to apply a tensile load (step 5). The drawing speed, that is, the drawing speed was about 30 (m / min).
The outer diameter of the drawn aluminum tube is the wire drawing die 1
Nine holes were narrowed down. This drawing step is referred to as drawing. Next, the diameter of the aluminum tube was further reduced by replacing the drawing die 19 with one having a smaller hole diameter and performing the same drawing step. By repeating this process, the outer diameter is gradually reduced to extend the aluminum tube, and a magnet wire 5 having an outer diameter of about φ4 mm and a length of about 14 m is used.
(Step 6).

A magnet wire 5 having an outer diameter of about φ4 mm and a length of about 14 m
Stopper portions aa 'of stainless steel wires at both ends of
bb 'was cut off with pliers. Cutting was further performed with pliers so that the nonmagnetic metal region was exposed at the end face. The detection of the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region was based on whether or not the magnetized permanent magnet was stuck. The three magnet wires 5 were connected by electric resistance welding to obtain a magnet wire having a length of about 42 m and having two connection portions 6. The total length of the nonmagnetic metal regions at both ends of the joint was the same as the length of the nonmagnetic metal region sandwiched between the permanent magnet regions. At the joint, the raised portion of the melted exterior material was removed with sandpaper or a file (step 7). Outer diameter φ after peaking, second cold drawing
2, a permanent magnet wire 1 of about 150 m was obtained (step 9).

In processing the aluminum tube from an outer diameter of 15 mm to an outer diameter of 2.0 mm in a cold drawing step,
Since the drawing rate was about 5 to 10% in cross-sectional area in one drawing, 21 kinds of drawing dies were used. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the diameter Rd [mm] of the hole of the drawing die used here and the drawing ratio [%]. The drawing ratio is a ratio of the area after drawing to the area before drawing. When the outer diameter is about 4.5 mm, the powder is fixed to the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region, and further, the aluminum tube is co-fixed, so that the aluminum cladding material and the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region are integrated. Further, cold drawing was performed to obtain a permanent magnet wire having an outer diameter of φ2. Thereafter, a step of magnetizing the permanent magnet wire according to the application was added.

In the above manufacturing process, cold drawing was performed at normal temperature and atmospheric pressure. However, it is possible to increase the drawing ratio in one drawing and reduce the number of drawing by hot drawing. . However, the heat treatment temperature in the hot drawing was lower than the temperature at which the permanent magnet particles thermally reacted with the binder metal and the ductile metal substrate. The production method of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of drawing operations are performed, and to remove air contained between powders,
It is desirable to draw the line over time. The same applies to the rolling process, and it was easier to remove air contained between the powders by lowering the rolling ratio and increasing the number of times of rolling.

As a second embodiment, another permanent magnet wire of the present invention will be described. The shape is the same as that of FIG. 1 and the materials constituting each are different. This is a permanent magnet wire in which a non-magnetic conductive sheath material of copper, a permanent magnet region made of a permanent magnet powder of aluminum and neodymium iron boron, and a non-magnetic metal region made of copper are alternately arranged. As dimensions, the outer diameter of the copper cladding material was φ2.0 mm, the diameter of the permanent magnet region and the nonmagnetic metal region was about φ1.3 mm, and the length was 150 m. The lengths of the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region are each about 55 cm. In the above dimensions and shape, the powder of the permanent magnet of neodymium iron boron in the permanent magnet region is 80 wt%, and the binder metal aluminum is 2 wt%.
The composition ratio was 0 wt%. The manufacturing method is almost the same as that of the first embodiment. Since the copper pipe is more resistant to bending and the like than the aluminum pipe, the outer diameter is 15 mm and the inner diameter is 11 mm, and the wall thickness is reduced. Further, since the nonmagnetic metal region is made of copper and the welding is not only easier than aluminum but also has a high tensile strength at the welded portion, the thickness of the exterior material can be reduced. The particle size distribution of the aluminum powder of the binder metal is several μm to 75 μm, the average particle size is about 35 μm, and the permanent magnet powder of neodymium iron boron has an average particle size of about 130 μm.
And Copper powder in the non-magnetic metal region has an average particle size of 40 μm
And

As a third embodiment, another permanent magnet wire of the present invention will be described. The structure is the same as that described in the second embodiment, except that each powder constituting the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region is preformed. The preform was disc-shaped with an outer diameter of 10 mm. The molding was performed using a hydraulic press, and the molding pressure was 7.8 × 10 ³ (N / cm ² ) [0.
8 (ton / cm ² )]. At this molding pressure, the molded body has such a molding strength that it can be handled by hand, and that it is easily collapsed when it is strongly grasped or the ends are hit.
To prevent galling, 30 to 40 pieces of aluminum stearate dissolved in water were applied to the mold every molding.
The molded bodies forming the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region were alternately placed on a gutter-shaped jig, inserted into the copper tube as it was, and only the jig was pulled out of the copper tube. Since the thickness of the jig and the gap at the time of insertion are required, the outer diameter of the molded body was made 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the copper tube.

FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of another belt-shaped permanent magnet wire according to the present invention as a fourth embodiment. The strip-shaped permanent magnet wire 61 in which the copper cladding material 2, the permanent magnet regions 3 made of the permanent magnet powder of copper and samarium cobalt, and the nonmagnetic metal regions 4 made of copper are alternately shown. The external dimensions of the copper exterior material were 300 mm × 2 mm, the external dimensions of the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region were approximately 295 mm × approximately 1.4 mm, and the length was 140 m. The lengths of the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region are each about 55 cm. In the above dimensions and shapes, the composition ratio was such that the powder of the permanent magnet of samarium cobalt in the permanent magnet region was 78 wt% and the copper powder of the binder metal was 22 wt%.

Next, the manufacturing method used in the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, the copper powder 51 and the samarium-cobalt permanent magnet powder 11 were placed in a sealed container 13, and the sealed container 13 was rotated and rocked to uniformly mix the copper powder and the samarium-cobalt permanent magnet powder (step 1). . In the mixed powder, the particle size distribution of the copper powder is several μm to 50 μm, the average particle size is about 30 μm, and the permanent magnet powder of samarium cobalt has an average particle size of about 150 μm.
m. Copper tube (pipe) 30 has outer dimensions of 280 mm x 2
0 mm, a thickness of 2.5 mm and a length of 1.5 m were used.

Hit one end of the copper cylinder 30 with a hammer,
The opening area was reduced to about 1/5. At one end of the copper tube, a fixing plug 15 made of cotton-rolled stainless steel wire was packed and fixed (step 2). The mixed powder 16 obtained by mixing copper and samarium cobalt was alternately poured from the opening at the other end of the copper cylinder, and was compacted with a thin plate. (Step 3). The same stainless steel wire fixing plug 15 was packed so as to cover the opening, and the copper cylinder was filled with powder (step 4). Stainless steel wire fixing plug 15 is φ18μm
SUS yarn is entangled, and has both elasticity sufficient to fix the powder and air permeability. This air permeability is determined by using a mixed powder of copper and samarium cobalt 1 in the next cold rolling step.
6 and functions as a vent for removing air existing between the particles of the copper powder 52. The removal of the air inside the powder by the ventilation holes is for obtaining strong adhesion between the copper exterior material and the permanent magnet powder and the copper powder, and between the copper exterior material and the copper powder. If a large amount of air remains, a gap may be formed between the copper cladding material and the permanent magnet powder or copper powder, or permanent magnet particles or copper powder may fall off from the end of the copper cylinder.

Next, the cold working step of forming a copper tube filled with copper powder and mixed powder into a thin strip will be described. The thickness is reduced by passing the copper tube through a rolling mill (step 5). The rolling speed is about 5
２０20 (m / min). The rolling speed was increased as the thickness of the copper tube became thinner. This process was repeated to gradually reduce the thickness of the copper cylinder and extend the copper cylinder, thereby obtaining a magnet wire 5 having a width of about 290 mm, a thickness of about 5 mm and a length of about 6 m (step 6).

The stainless steel wire fixing plug portions aa 'and bb' at both ends of the copper cylinder were cut and removed with a jigsaw. Cutting was further performed with a jigsaw so that the nonmagnetic metal region was exposed on the end face. The detection of the permanent magnet region and the non-magnetic metal region was based on whether or not the magnetized permanent magnet was stuck. Seven magnet wires 5 were connected by electric resistance welding to obtain a magnet wire 5 having six joints 6 having a length of about 42 m. The total length of the nonmagnetic metal regions at both ends of the joint was the same as the length of the nonmagnetic metal region sandwiched between the permanent magnet regions. In the joint, the portion where the melted exterior material was raised was removed with sandpaper or a file (step 7). Rolling width 29
A strip-shaped permanent magnet wire 61 of 5 mm, 1.4 mm in thickness and about 140 m was obtained (step 9). In processing the copper tube from the thickness of 20 mm to 1.4 mm in the cold rolling step, the thickness was reduced by about 5 to 10% by one rolling. Thereafter, a step of magnetizing the permanent magnet wire according to the application was added.

FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of another permanent magnet wire 71 of the present invention as a fifth embodiment. The permanent magnet wire prepared in Example 2 is covered with vinyl chloride 70 having a thickness of 1 mm. A device for coating the wire with insulation was used. A vinyl chloride resin chip was melted and extruded at about 190 ° C. for coating. The extrusion speed was 50 m / sec.

FIG. 8A shows a perspective view of another permanent magnet wire of the present invention as a sixth embodiment. In the same construction as the second embodiment, the outer material, the permanent magnet area, and the non-magnetic metal area are different from each other in that a sleeve insertion and a solder joining step are provided in the middle of the drawing step instead of the electric resistance welding. The outer diameter of the exterior material is φ4.
After the wire was drawn to 5 and the fixing plugs at both ends were removed, the exterior material at both ends was shaved and the outer diameter was reduced to φ3.8 to form an end 2 ′. Copper sleeve 80 with outer diameter φ4.5 and inner diameter φ4
Then, the end 72 having a diameter of 3.8 was inserted and soldered. The solder raised at the joint was removed with a file. The soldered magnet wire 5 was further drawn to obtain a permanent magnet wire 81 finished to φ2.0. The sleeve 80 and the exterior material were integrated in the drawing step, and had mechanical strength to withstand the drawing. Since the solder plays a role of mechanical joining until the sleeve and the exterior material are integrated, the draw ratio until the sleeve and the exterior material are integrated is 2 to 4%, which is half or less of the normal value. And lowered.

FIG. 8B) shows a permanent magnet wire 83 obtained by joining magnet wires 5 finished to φ2 with a sleeve 82. The inner diameter of the sleeve 82 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the magnet wire 5, and the magnet wire is inserted into both openings of the sleeve 82 and then caulked and joined.
Instead of caulking, soldering or fixing with an adhesive was also performed. Since the outer diameter of the sleeve was larger than the outer diameter of the magnet wire 5, the wire could not be drawn after joining. This is a joining method that can be adopted when drawing after the sleeve is joined or when resin coating is not performed.

As a seventh embodiment, a method of magnetizing a permanent magnet wire will be described. The first use of this wire is as a magnetic signal wire. FIG. 9 shows how the permanent magnet region of the permanent magnet wire according to the present invention is magnetized to obtain a magnetic signal line. Two magnetized yokes 85 are opposed to each other along the side surface of the permanent magnet wire. The magnetization yoke 85 is provided with a plurality of magnetic poles, and generates a strong magnetic field between the magnetic poles facing each other. With this magnetic field generator, the permanent magnet wire 1 was magnetized at regular intervals to obtain a magnetic signal line. The directions of adjacent magnetic fields were the same or alternately opposite. The determination of the direction of the magnetic field can be arbitrarily selected depending on the use environment and the use of the sensor. Detection of the non-magnetic metal region is linked with a detection device using eddy current, so that when the non-magnetic metal region comes to the magnetized yoke part, no magnetic field is generated, and it is possible to continuously magnetize. I did it.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which a magnetic signal line 92 magnetized with a permanent magnet wire is used. Magnetic signal line 9 on floor 91
Lay 2 in advance. Since the magnetic signal line 92 is a thin line, it does not hinder the running of the vehicle even if it is not buried. The magnetic signal line 92 was installed on the floor 91 with an adhesive or an adhesive tape along a track on which the automatic traveling vehicle 94 is to run.
Of course, even when buried in the floor 91, there is an advantage that the depth of carving the floor is small. This magnetic signal line 92
, An automatic traveling vehicle 94 equipped with a magnetic sensor 95, an automatic traveling control device, and a driving device was driven. The automatic traveling vehicle 94 automatically starts traveling toward the specified destination after the load 96 is loaded. At this time, the automatic traveling vehicle traveled while controlling its own traveling direction while following the magnetic signal line 92 with the magnetic sensor 95. Eventually, the autonomous vehicle reached the destination and stopped and delivered the luggage 96. As the magnetic sensor 95, an MI sensor or a GMR sensor could be used. Although this traveling method looks like the conventional automatic traveling at first glance, it has the following advantages. When a magnetic signal line is branched into two branches, such as a railroad rail, changing the pitch of magnetization between the permanent magnet wires of the branch allows the self-driving vehicle to determine which branch to go to. it can.

[0050]

As described above, by using the permanent magnet wire according to the present invention, a long magnetic signal line can be formed at low cost. In addition, a permanent magnet wire whose surface is covered with an insulating material and has good corrosion resistance and a wide use environment can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet wire according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing process according to the composite material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a production process according to the composite material of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating a relationship between a die diameter Rd and a drawing rate.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view illustrating a permanent magnet wire of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating a manufacturing process for the permanent magnet wire of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a permanent magnet wire according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a permanent magnet wire of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which a permanent magnet wire according to the present invention is magnetized.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an automatic traveling vehicle system using a permanent magnetic wire according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 permanent magnet wire, 2 non-magnetic conductive exterior material (exterior material), 3 permanent magnet area, 4 non-magnetic metal area, 5 magnet wire, 6 joint, 11 permanent magnet powder, 12 aluminum powder, 13 sealed container, 14 Aluminum pipe (pipe), 15 stopper, 16 mixed powder, 18 fixing part, 19 wire drawing die, 20 tension load device, 30
Copper cylinder, 31 Rolling roll, 51 Copper powder, 52 Copper powder, 61 Permanent magnet wire, 70 PVC, 7
1 permanent magnet wire, 72 ends, 80 sleeves,
81 permanent magnet wire, 82 sleeve, 83 permanent magnet wire, 85 magnetized yoke, 91 floor, 92 magnetic signal line, 94 self-driving vehicle, 95 magnetic sensor, 9
6 Luggage

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A permanent magnet wire, wherein permanent magnet regions and nonmagnetic metal regions are alternately arranged on a shaft portion of a nonmagnetic conductive exterior material. 2. A permanent magnet wherein a permanent magnet region and a non-magnetic metal region are alternately arranged on a shaft portion of a non-magnetic conductive exterior material, and the non-magnetic conductive exterior material is covered with a non-magnetic insulating material. wire. 3. The permanent magnet wire according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet region is composed of a permanent magnet powder and a non-magnetic metal powder. 4. The permanent magnet powder in the permanent magnet region is made of neodymium iron boron, samarium cobalt, samarium iron, iron and nickel, cobalt or an alloy material containing them, and barium ferrite or strontium ferrite. The permanent magnet wire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the permanent magnet wire is made of at least one selected material. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet powder has a minor axis of one axis.
The permanent magnet wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ratio is not more than / 3. 6. The non-magnetic conductive exterior material is made of at least one material selected from aluminum, titanium, copper, zinc, silver, tin, niobium, tantalum, platinum, gold, lead or an alloy thereof. The permanent magnet wire according to claim 1, wherein: 7. The permanent magnet wire according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetic conductive exterior material is an alloy containing iron, nickel, and cobalt and is non-magnetic. 8. The non-magnetic metal and non-magnetic metal region of the permanent magnet region of the shaft portion are made of aluminum, titanium,
Copper, zinc, silver, tin, niobium, tantalum, platinum, gold, lead,
3. The permanent magnet wire according to claim 1, wherein the wire is made of at least one material selected from chromium or an alloy thereof. 9. The non-magnetic metal region of said shaft portion has a grain size of 2
3. The permanent magnet wire according to claim 1, wherein a powder having a particle size of 00 μm or less or an average particle size of 100 μm or less is fixed by plastic deformation and has an apparent density of 40% or more and less than 95%. 10. The non-magnetic metal in the permanent magnet region of the shaft portion, wherein a powder having a particle size of 100 μm or less or an average particle size of 60 μm or less is fixed by plastic deformation. Permanent magnet wire. 11. A molded product obtained by molding a mixed powder or a mixed powder obtained by mixing a permanent magnet powder and a nonmagnetic metal powder in a nonmagnetic conductive metal tube, and a molded product formed by molding the nonmagnetic metal powder or the nonmagnetic metal powder. The step of alternately filling the body, the step of plugging the nonmagnetic conductive metal tube with air permeability, and reducing the cross-sectional area by cold drawing or cold rolling the nonmagnetic conductive metal tube The method for producing a permanent magnet wire according to claim 1, further comprising a step of forming a nonmagnetic conductive metal wire and a step of removing a breathable plug. 12. A molded article obtained by molding a mixed powder or a mixed powder obtained by mixing a permanent magnet and a non-magnetic metal in a non-magnetic conductive metal pipe, and a molded article formed by molding a non-magnetic metal powder or a non-magnetic metal powder. Alternately filling the non-magnetic conductive metal pipe with a gas-permeable plug, and cold-drawing or cold-rolling the non-magnetic conductive metal pipe to reduce the diameter of the non-magnetic conductive metal pipe. A step of forming a magnetic conductive metal wire, a step of removing a breathable plug, a step of connecting a plurality of nonmagnetic conductive metal wires in a nonmagnetic metal region, and a step of cooling the welded nonmagnetic conductive metal wire. The method for producing a permanent magnet wire according to claim 1, further comprising a step of reducing a diameter by thinning. 13. A method for manufacturing a permanent magnet wire, wherein the non-magnetic conductive metal wire manufactured by the manufacturing method according to claim 11 is joined using a sleeve. 14. The permanent magnet according to claim 2, further comprising a step of coating the nonmagnetic conductive metal wire manufactured by the manufacturing method according to claim 11 with a nonmagnetic insulator. Wire manufacturing method. 15. A method for manufacturing a permanent magnet wire, comprising a step of magnetizing the permanent magnet wire manufactured by the manufacturing method according to claim 11.