JP2002235091A - Method for gasifying biomass and gasifier therefor, and method and equipment for producing methanol - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for gasifying a biomass and a gasifier therefor enabling the hydrogen gas concentration of a product gas to be raised even with a compact gasification furnace. SOLUTION: The product gas 2 is obtained by feeding the biomass 1 and oxygen gas 5 within an ignition combustion region 14a inside the gasification furnace 14, concurrently steam 4 is fed within a gasification region 14b inside the furnace 14, thereby the biomass 1 is partially combusted at a sufficient temperature at the region 14a and then gasified at the region 14b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for gasifying biomass, a method for producing methanol using the same, and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art From the viewpoint of environmental protection and the like, use of methanol as a fuel instead of fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal has been studied. In particular, if methanol is produced using biomass such as plants as a raw material, methanol can be produced from plants that grow by consuming carbon dioxide generated by the use of methanol. Can be established, and the amount of generated waste can be significantly reduced.

[0003] In order to produce methanol using such biomass as a raw material, dried and ground biomass and oxygen and steam are fed into a gasification furnace of a gasifier to partially burn the biomass or produce steam. By gasification, a generated gas (mainly a mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas) is generated, and this generated gas is sent to a methanol synthesis tower to react carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas in the gas. To produce methanol.

[0004]

In the production of methanol from biomass as described above, it is strongly desired that the biomass be partially burned evenly so that the concentration of hydrogen gas in the produced gas is as high as possible. For this reason, it is conceivable that the length of the gasification furnace is made sufficiently long to increase the residence time of the biomass in the gasification furnace, but the installation space of the gasification furnace becomes large.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a biomass gasification method and apparatus capable of increasing the concentration of hydrogen gas in product gas even in a compact gasifier, and a method for producing methanol using the same. And an apparatus therefor.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a biomass gasification method according to a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for partially reacting a biomass by reacting a partial combustion gas having oxygen gas with the biomass. After the combustion, the biomass is gasified by reacting with a gasification gas having water vapor.

[0007] A gasification method for biomass according to a second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the partial combustion gas comprises oxygen gas or air.

[0008] A third aspect of the present invention is directed to the biomass gasification method according to the first aspect, wherein the gasification gas comprises water vapor.

In a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the partial combustion gas comprises oxygen gas or air and steam, and the steam corresponds to the amount of the biomass. Occupies 20 to 60% of all steam supplied.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a biomass gasifier for solving the above-mentioned problems, comprising: a biomass supply means for supplying biomass; Gas supply means for supplying a combustion gas, a gas supply means for supplying a gasification gas having water vapor,
An ignition combustion region in which the biomass supply unit and the partial combustion gas supply unit are connected to react the biomass with the partial combustion gas to partially burn the biomass, and connect the gasification gas supply unit Being
The biomass partially burned in the ignition combustion region and the gasification gas are reacted with the gasification gas to gasify the biomass.

[0011] The biomass gasifier according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the biomass gasifier according to the fifth aspect, wherein the biomass supply means and the partial combustion gas supply means are connected to an upstream side inside a gasification furnace. The ignition combustion region is formed on the upstream side inside the gasification furnace, and the gasification gas supply unit is connected to the downstream side of the ignition combustion region inside the gasification furnace, whereby the gas The gasification region is formed on the downstream side of the ignition region inside the gasification furnace.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is the biomass gasifier according to the fifth aspect, wherein the outer nozzle is connected to the gasification gas supply means, and is provided coaxially inside the outer nozzle. The outer nozzle has substantially the same length as the outer nozzle, and is provided coaxially with the inner nozzle which communicates with the partial combustion gas supply means, and is shorter than the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle. A burner nozzle having a length and having a central nozzle communicating with the biomass supply means is connected to a gasification furnace, so that the ignition combustion region is formed between the tip of the central nozzle of the burner nozzle and the inside of the inner nozzle. The gasification region is formed in a space between the front end of the burner nozzle and the downstream side of the burner nozzle inside the gasification furnace. And wherein the door.

An eighth aspect of the present invention provides the biomass gasifier according to any of the fifth to seventh aspects, wherein the partial combustion gas supply means supplies oxygen gas or air. Features.

A ninth aspect of the present invention is directed to the biomass gasifier according to any one of the fifth to seventh aspects, wherein the gasification gas supply means supplies steam. .

A tenth aspect of the present invention provides the biomass gasifier according to any one of the fifth to seventh aspects, wherein the partial combustion gas supply means supplies oxygen gas or air; It is characterized in that 20 to 60% of the steam supplied to the inside of the gasification furnace is supplied.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a methanol production method according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for producing gas obtained by the biomass gasification method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention. Is used to produce methanol.

A methanol production apparatus according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a product gas produced by the biomass gasifier according to any one of the fifth to tenth aspects of the invention. A methanol synthesis means for synthesizing methanol from the product.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a method and an apparatus for gasifying biomass according to the present invention and a method and an apparatus for producing methanol using the same will be described below, but the present invention is limited to these embodiments. It is not something to be done.

[First Embodiment] A first embodiment of a method and an apparatus for gasifying biomass according to the present invention, a method for producing methanol using the same and an apparatus therefor will be described with reference to FIGS. explain. FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a methanol production apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gasification furnace.

As shown in FIG. 1, biomass 1 such as vegetation
Is connected to a receiving port of the hopper 12. The outlet of the hopper 12 is connected to the inlet of a crusher 13 for crushing the dried biomass 1. In the present embodiment, such a dryer 11, a hopper 12, a crusher 13, and the like constitute a biomass supply unit.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an outlet of the pulverizer 13 has an ignition combustion area 14a on the upstream side inside a gasification furnace 14 for partially burning the biomass 1 at a necessary and sufficient temperature.
Contact Downstream of the ignition combustion area 14a of the gasification furnace 14, a gasification area 14b for gasifying the partially burned biomass 1 is provided with a receiving port of a dust remover 15 for removing ash 6 from the product gas 2. Contact

As shown in FIG. 1, the gas sending port of the dust removing device 15 is connected to a gas receiving port of a scrubber 16 for spraying the washing water 7 to wash and cool the produced gas 2. The gas outlet of the scrubber 16 is connected to a methanol synthesis tower 1 which is a methanol synthesis means for producing methanol 8 from the product gas 2
The supply port 9 is connected to the supply port 9 via a booster 17 and a heat exchanger 18. The outlet of the methanol synthesis tower 19 is connected to a storage container 21 for storing the methanol 8 via the heat exchanger 18 and the heat exchanger 20.

Such a dust removing device 15, a scrubber 16,
Booster 17, heat exchangers 18, 20, methanol synthesis tower 1
9, the storage container 21 and the like constitute a methanol synthesis means in the present embodiment.

The gasification zone 14b of the gasification furnace 14
Is connected to the water supply 22 via the heat exchanger 22a, and when the water 3 is supplied from the water supply 22, the heat exchanger 22a
Heats and vaporizes the water 3, and steam 4 as a gasification gas is supplied into the gasification region 14 b of the gasification furnace 14. In the present embodiment, the water supply device 22 and the heat exchanger 22a constitute gasification gas supply means.

An oxygen gas supply device 2 serving as a partial combustion gas supply means for supplying an oxygen gas 5 as a partial combustion gas is provided in the ignition combustion region 14a of the gasification furnace 14.
3 are in contact.

A method for producing methanol using such a methanol producing apparatus will now be described.

The biomass 1 is dried by the drier 11 and fed into the hopper 12. The biomass 1 is supplied from the hopper 12 to the pulverizer 13 to pulverize the biomass 1 into the ignition combustion area 14 a of the gasification furnace 14. When the oxygen gas 5 is supplied from the oxygen gas supply device 23 into the ignition combustion area 14a of the gasification furnace 14 and ignited by an ignition torch (not shown), the biomass (CH ₂ O) 1 has the following chemical formula (1) Partial combustion occurs as shown in FIG. At this time, biomass 1
Since partial combustion occurs in a high-temperature environment, the reaction represented by the following chemical formula (1) rapidly proceeds.

CH ₂ O + 1 / 2O ₂ → CO + H ₂ O (1)

Subsequently, water 3 is supplied from the water supply device 22,
When the steam 4 heated to a high temperature by the heat exchanger 22a is supplied into the gasification region 14b of the gasification furnace 14, a gasification reaction represented by the following chemical formula (2) occurs, and the generated gas (CO, H _{2) 2} occurs.

CO + H ₂ O ← → H ₂ + CO ₂ (2)

The generated gas 2 generated in the gasification region 14b of the gasification furnace 14 is sent to a dust remover 15 to remove ash 6 and the like, and then sent to a scrubber 16 to spray the cleaning water 7. After being cooled and washed, the pressure is increased by a pressure booster 17 and sent to a methanol synthesis tower 19 via a heat exchanger 18 so that the methanol reacts as shown in the following chemical formula (3) to produce methanol ( CH ₃ OH) 8.

CO + 2H ₂ → CH ₃ OH (3)

The methanol 8 is supplied to the heat exchangers 18 and 20.
The exhaust gas 9 is sent to and stored in the storage container 21 via the storage tank 21, and is discharged out of the system.

That is, the biomass 1 is partially burned only in the oxygen gas 5 without adding the steam 4 in the ignition combustion area 14a of the gasification furnace 14, so that the reaction temperature is suppressed from being lowered and the reaction of the chemical formula (1) is performed. Is made to proceed promptly, and then the gasification reaction is performed with the steam 4 in the gasification region 14 b of the gasification furnace 14 to obtain the product gas 2.

Therefore, even if the length of the gasification furnace 14 is not long, the biomass 1 can be partially burned evenly to increase the hydrogen gas concentration in the product gas 2.

Therefore, according to the present invention, even in the space-saving gasification furnace 14, the product gas 2 having a high hydrogen gas concentration can be obtained, so that the biomass 1 can be used without waste, Can be used effectively, the production rate of methanol 8 can be greatly improved, and the production cost can be reduced.

The biomass 1 used in the present invention includes biological resources (eg, agricultural products and by-products, wood, plants, etc.) that can be used as an energy source or an industrial raw material. , Sweet sorghum, napier grass, spirulina and the like. Also,
Agricultural and forestry wastes such as bran, wood chips, thinned wood and the like are also included. Incidentally, although the composition of the biomass 1 was described as CH ₂ O in order to avoid complexity, the composition of the biomass 1 is as follows.
Generally, (C _x H ₂ O _y ) _n (where x is 1.1 to 1.
2, y is expressed as 0.8 to 0.9).

The average particle size of the biomass 1 supplied to the gasification furnace 14 is preferably 0.05 to 5 mm.
If the thickness is less than 0.05 mm, the crushing efficiency of the crusher 13 is deteriorated. If the thickness is more than 5 mm, the inside is sufficiently burned partially to be hardly thermally decomposed, and the gasification efficiency is reduced. It is because.

The gasification pressure of the biomass 1 in the gasification furnace 14 is not particularly limited, but may be about 80 atm.
Can be connected to the gasification furnace 14 without the intermediary of the booster 17, but the gasification furnace 14 is required to have high pressure resistance.
4 becomes expensive. For this reason, if the pressure is 1 to 40 atm, the pressure resistance required for the gasification furnace 14 is generally preferable, and if it is 1 to 30 atm, the gasification furnace 14 is more compact. It is very preferable because it can be.

[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of a method and an apparatus for gasifying biomass according to the present invention, a method for producing methanol using the same, and an apparatus therefor will be described with reference to FIG. . FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the gasification furnace. However, description of the same parts as in the first embodiment described above is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the steam 4 is supplied not only to the gasification region 14b of the gasification furnace 14, but also to the ignition combustion region 14a via the flow control valve 24a and the flow meter 24b. It has become so.

In such a gasifier 14, the biomass 1 and the oxygen gas 5 are supplied into the ignition combustion area 14a, and the flow rate control valve 24a is adjusted to
A part (20 to 60%) of the steam 4 to be supplied into the gasification furnace 14 is fed into the ignition combustion area 14a while being checked by the flow meter 24b, and is ignited by an ignition torch (not shown). Then, since the specified amount of steam 4 is supplied into the ignition combustion region 14a, the biomass 1 can be partially burned while adjusting the temperature in the ignition combustion region 14a.

Subsequently, the gasification region 14 of the gasification furnace 14
By gasification reaction with the remaining (40 to 80%) steam 4 supplied in b, product gas 2 is generated.

That is, in the above-described first embodiment, since the steam 4 is not supplied at all into the ignition combustion area 14a, the biomass 1 can be heated to a temperature at which the biomass 1 can be partially burned evenly. In this embodiment, the supply nozzle (burner) of the biomass 1 and the oxygen gas 5 may be rapidly deteriorated, whereas in the present embodiment, a part of the steam 4 supplied into the gasification furnace 14 may be used. Is supplied into the ignition combustion area 14a, thereby suppressing excessive heating in the ignition combustion area 14a and rapidly increasing the supply nozzles (burners) of the biomass 1 and the oxygen gas 5 in the ignition combustion area 14a. This is to prevent any serious deterioration.

Here, the ignition combustion region 14 of the gasification furnace 14
If the amount of steam 4 supplied into a is less than 20% of the amount of steam 4 supplied into the gasification furnace 14, the above-described problem may occur, and if it exceeds 60%. , The temperature in the ignition combustion area 14a becomes low,
Since the result is the same as the conventional case, 20 to 6
It is preferably in the range of 0%.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment described above, as well as to adjust the temperature in the ignition combustion region 14a. Therefore, it is possible to prevent rapid deterioration of the supply nozzle (burner) of the biomass 1 and the oxygen gas 5, and to facilitate maintenance management and the like as compared with the first embodiment described above. Can be.

The amounts of the steam 4 and the oxygen gas 5 to be supplied to the gasification furnace 14 are appropriately selected depending on the composition and the amount of the biomass 1 to be supplied to the gasification furnace 14.

[Third Embodiment] A third embodiment of a method and an apparatus for gasifying biomass and a method for producing methanol using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. explain. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the gasification furnace, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of an arrow V portion in FIG. 4. However, description of the same parts as those in the first and second embodiments will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 4, the gasification furnace 34 is provided with a burner nozzle 34a. As shown in FIG. 5, the burner nozzle 34a includes an outer nozzle 34aa,
An inner nozzle 34ab provided coaxially inside the outer nozzle 34a and having substantially the same length as the outer nozzle 34a; and an outer nozzle 34aa provided coaxially inside the inner nozzle 34ab and A central nozzle 34ac shorter in length than the inner nozzle 34ab is provided, and a space between the tip of the central nozzle 34ac and the tip of the inside of the inner nozzle 34ab is an ignition combustion area 34ad. Gasification furnace 3
4 is the downstream side of the tip of the burner nozzle 34a inside,
That is, the entire inside is a gasification region 34b.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the burner nozzle 34
a, the biomass 1 is supplied to the central nozzle 34ac, and the inner nozzle 34ab is supplied to the gasification furnace 14 with a part (20 to 60%) of steam 4 and oxygen gas 5
Is supplied, and the remaining (40-80) gasified gas is supplied to the outer nozzle 34aa.
%) Steam 4 is supplied.

In the gasifier 34, the biomass 1 is supplied to the central nozzle 34a of the burner nozzle 34a, the partial combustion gas 10 is supplied to the inner nozzle 34ab, and the steam 4 is supplied to the outer nozzle 34aa. When the biomass 1 is ignited by an ignition torch (not shown), the biomass 1 is partially burned by the partial combustion gas 10 in the ignited combustion area 34ad in the burner nozzle 34a, and then inside the gasification furnace 34 (gasification area 34b). Then, a gasification reaction occurs with the steam 4 to generate a product gas 2.

That is, in the first and second embodiments described above, the ignition combustion region 14a and the gasification region 14b are set inside the gasification furnace 14, but in the present embodiment, the biomass 1 and the partial An ignition combustion area 34aa is set in a burner nozzle 34a that supplies the combustion gas 10 and the steam 4, and the entire inside of the gasification furnace 34 is defined as a gasification area 34b.

For this reason, in the present embodiment, the biomass 1 and the partial combustion gas 10 are partially burned more efficiently in a necessary and sufficient narrow area than in the first and second embodiments described above. be able to.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the first and second embodiments described above, as well as to reduce the space required for the partial combustion of the biomass 1. Since the gasification furnace can be minimized, the gasification furnace 34 can be more compact than the gasification furnaces 14 of the first and second embodiments.

[Other Embodiments] In the above-described first to third embodiments, the entire amount of the oxygen gas 5 supplied into the gasification furnaces 14 and 34 is supplied to the ignition combustion regions 14a and 34.
However, when the entire amount of the oxygen gas 5 is too large to be supplied to the ignition combustion regions 14a and 34ad, a part of the oxygen gas 5 is supplied to the gasification region 14a.
b, 34b.

In the first to third embodiments described above, the oxygen gas 5 is used. However, the present invention uses air instead of oxygen to use oxygen in the air. It is also possible.

[0057]

EXAMPLES In order to confirm the effects of the method and apparatus for gasifying biomass according to the present invention, the method for producing methanol using the same, and the effects of the apparatus, the following confirmation experiments were conducted.

[Experimental Example] The product gas 2 is generated from the biomass 1 under the following conditions using the gasification furnace 34 described in the third embodiment described above, and the concentration of hydrogen gas in the product gas 2 is obtained. Ask for.

<Conditions> ・ Supply amount of biomass: 2.0 kg / h ・ Ratio of supply of water vapor to the ignition combustion region: 20% ・ Ratio of amount of water vapor to C in biomass (H ₂ O /
C): 2.5 to 3.5 (mol / mol)

Comparative Example A product gas 2 is generated from a biomass 1 using a conventional gasifier under the following conditions, and the hydrogen gas concentration in the product gas 2 is determined.

<Conditions>-Proportion of supplying steam to the ignition combustion region: 100%-Other conditions: Same as in the experimental example

[Experimental results] The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, in the comparative example, the hydrogen gas concentration in the produced gas was 14 vol.% -Dry, whereas in the experimental example, the hydrogen gas concentration in the produced gas was 20 vol.% -Dry.
As a result, the hydrogen gas concentration increased by about 40% as compared with the comparative example.

Therefore, it was confirmed that the present invention can increase the hydrogen gas concentration in the product gas by partially burning biomass without unevenness.

[0065]

The gasification method of biomass according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the partial combustion gas having oxygen gas and the biomass are reacted to partially burn the biomass, and then the gasification gas having water vapor is added to the gas. Since the biomass is gasified by the reaction, the temperature drop at the time of the partial combustion of the biomass is suppressed, and the partial combustion reaction is allowed to proceed promptly, so that the gasification reaction can be performed. Partial combustion can increase the concentration of hydrogen gas in the product gas. For this reason, even if space is saved, a product gas having a high hydrogen gas concentration can be obtained, so that biomass can be used without waste and resources can be used effectively.

In the gasification method for biomass according to the second invention, in the first invention, the partial combustion gas comprises oxygen gas or air, so that the partial combustion of the biomass can be reliably performed.

In the gasification method of biomass according to the third invention, in the first invention, since the gasification gas comprises water vapor, the gasification reaction of biomass can be reliably performed.

[0068] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the partial combustion gas comprises oxygen gas or air and steam, and the steam corresponds to the amount of the biomass. Occupying 20 to 60% of the total steam supplied by heating, the temperature can be easily adjusted during the partial combustion of biomass, and excessive heating can be easily suppressed.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is a biomass gasifier, which is a device for gasifying biomass, comprising: a biomass supply means for supplying biomass; and a partial combustion gas for supplying partial combustion gas having oxygen gas. A supply unit, a gasification gas supply unit that supplies a gasification gas having water vapor, the biomass supply unit, and the partial combustion gas supply unit are connected, and the biomass and the partial combustion gas react with each other. The ignition combustion region for partially burning the biomass and the gasification gas supply means are connected, and the biomass partially burned in the ignition combustion region reacts with the gasification gas to gasify the biomass. And a gasification zone to suppress the temperature drop during the partial combustion of biomass to speed up the partial combustion reaction. Were allowed to crab proceed, it is possible to carry out the gasification reaction, it is possible to increase the hydrogen gas concentration in the product gas by biomass without unevenness by partial combustion of. For this reason, even in a space-saving gasification furnace, a product gas having a high hydrogen gas concentration can be obtained, so that biomass can be used without waste and resources can be used effectively.

A biomass gasifier according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the biomass gasifier according to the fifth aspect, wherein the biomass supply means and the partial combustion gas supply means are connected to an upstream side inside a gasification furnace. The ignition combustion region is formed on the upstream side inside the gasification furnace, and the gasification gas supply unit is connected to the downstream side of the ignition combustion region inside the gasification furnace, whereby the gas Since the gasification region is formed on the downstream side of the ignition region inside the gasification furnace, the effects obtained by the fifth invention can be reliably obtained.

A biomass gasifier according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the biomass gasifier according to the fifth aspect, wherein the outer nozzle is connected to the gasification gas supply means and coaxially provided inside the outer nozzle. The outer nozzle has substantially the same length as the outer nozzle, and is provided coaxially with the inner nozzle which communicates with the partial combustion gas supply means, and is shorter than the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle. A burner nozzle having a length and having a central nozzle communicating with the biomass supply means is connected to a gasification furnace, so that the ignition combustion region is formed between the tip of the central nozzle of the burner nozzle and the inside of the inner nozzle. The gasification region is formed downstream of the burner nozzle inside the gasification furnace. From, it is possible to efficiently obtain the effects obtained by the fifth invention.

The biomass gasifier according to the eighth aspect of the present invention is the biomass gasifier according to any of the fifth to seventh aspects, wherein the partial combustion gas supply means supplies oxygen gas or air. Partial combustion of biomass can be reliably performed.

The ninth aspect of the present invention is directed to the biomass gasifier according to any one of the fifth to seventh aspects, wherein the gasification gas supply means supplies water vapor. The conversion reaction can be performed reliably.

A biomass gasifier according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the biomass gasifier according to any one of the fifth to seventh aspects, wherein the partial combustion gas supply means supplies oxygen gas or air; Since 20 to 60% of the steam supplied to the inside of the gasification furnace is supplied, excessive heating in the ignition combustion region can be suppressed, and the temperature in the ignition combustion region can be adjusted. It is possible to prevent rapid deterioration of the gas supply nozzle (burner) for the partial combustion gas and the like, and to facilitate maintenance management and the like.

The tenth invention provides a method for producing methanol by using the product gas obtained by the biomass gasification method according to any one of the first to fourth inventions. Therefore, even with a compact gasification furnace, methanol can be produced with high efficiency, so that the production rate of methanol can be greatly improved and the production cost can be reduced.

A methanol production apparatus according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention comprises a methanol synthesizing means for synthesizing methanol from a product gas obtained by the biomass gasifier according to any one of the fifth to tenth aspects. Having prepared,
Even with a compact gasification furnace, methanol can be produced with high efficiency, so that the production rate of methanol can be greatly improved and the production cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a methanol production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the gasification furnace of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gasification furnace of a second embodiment of the methanol production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gasification furnace of a third embodiment of the methanol production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an internal structure of a portion indicated by an arrow V in FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biomass 2 Product gas 3 Water 4 Steam 5 Oxygen gas 6 Ash content 7 Washing water 8 Methanol 9 Exhaust gas 10 Partial combustion gas 11 Dryer 12 Hopper 13 Crusher 14 Gasification furnace 14a Ignition combustion area 14b Gasification area 15 Dedusting device Reference Signs List 16 scrubber 17 booster 18, 20 heat exchanger 19 methanol synthesis tower 21 storage vessel 22 water supply device 22a heat exchanger 23 oxygen gas supply device 24a flow control valve 24b flow meter 34 gasifier 34a burner nozzle 34aa outer nozzle 34ab inner nozzle 34ac Central nozzle 34ad Ignition combustion area 34b Gasification area

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Tatsuo Kahata 2-5-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo F-term in Sanishi Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. 4G040 BA02 BA03 BB02 4G140 BA02 BA03 BB02

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A method of reacting a partial combustion gas having oxygen gas with biomass to partially burn the biomass, and then reacting with the gasification gas having steam to gasify the biomass. Biomass gasification method. 2. The method for gasifying biomass according to claim 1, wherein the partial combustion gas comprises oxygen gas or air. 3. The method for gasifying biomass according to claim 1, wherein the gasification gas comprises water vapor. 4. The gas according to claim 1, wherein the partial combustion gas is oxygen gas or air and steam, and the steam occupies 20 to 60% of all steam supplied corresponding to the amount of the biomass. A method for gasifying biomass, comprising: 5. An apparatus for gasifying biomass, comprising: biomass supply means for supplying biomass; partial combustion gas supply means for supplying partial combustion gas having oxygen gas; and gasification gas having steam. A gasification gas supply unit, and an ignition combustion region in which the biomass supply unit and the partial combustion gas supply unit are connected to react the biomass with the partial combustion gas to partially burn the biomass; A gasification region connected to the gasification gas supply means and reacting the biomass partially burned in the ignition combustion region with the gasification gas to gasify the biomass. Biomass gasifier. 6. The gas generator according to claim 5, wherein the biomass supply unit and the partial combustion gas supply unit are connected to an upstream side inside the gasification furnace, so that the ignition occurs upstream in the gasification furnace. A combustion region is formed, and the gasification gas supply means is connected to a downstream side of the ignition combustion region inside the gasification furnace, so that a downstream side of the ignition region inside the gasification furnace is provided. A biomass gasifier, wherein a gasification region is formed. 7. The outer nozzle connected to the gasification gas supply means according to claim 5, wherein the outer nozzle is provided coaxially inside the outer nozzle and has substantially the same length as the outer nozzle. An inner nozzle communicating with the gas supply means for partial combustion; and a coaxially provided inside the inner nozzle, having a shorter length than the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle, and communicating with the biomass supply means. A burner nozzle having a central nozzle is connected to a gasifier, so that the ignition combustion region is formed in a space between a tip of the central nozzle of the burner nozzle and a tip of the inside of the inner nozzle. A gasification apparatus for biomass, wherein a gasification region is formed inside the gasification furnace and downstream of the burner nozzle. 8. The biomass gasifier according to claim 5, wherein the partial combustion gas supply means supplies oxygen gas or air. 9. The biomass gasification apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the gasification gas supply means supplies water vapor. 10. The partial combustion gas supply means according to claim 5, wherein said partial combustion gas supply means supplies oxygen gas or air and 20 to 60 of steam supplied to the inside of the gasification furnace. % Biomass gasifier. 11. A method for producing methanol using the product gas obtained by the method for gasifying biomass according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 12. An apparatus for producing methanol, comprising: methanol synthesizing means for synthesizing methanol from a product gas obtained by the biomass gasifier according to any one of claims 5 to 10.