JP2002234768A - Kiln - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent an external wall member or a furnace lid of a kiln from being wet with rainwater and to prevent invasion of moisture in a kiln. SOLUTION: A furnace 34 for firing pottery, a burner 15 for heating the furnace 34, a blowing means 27 for sending air into the burner 15, a fuel supply means 13 for sending fuel and a fuel tank 44 are integrally accommodated in an outer packaging 47. Thereby a desired ceramic art work can be fired by preventing the rainwater, and corrosion of respective parts of the kiln can be prevented to endure use of a long period of time. Since parts of high temperature are covered, a burn injury in case of emergency can be prevented. Further, related articles are not placed outside the outer packaging 47 and thereby workability can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ceramic firing furnace used for firing ceramic works at home.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional baking furnace of this type, there has been a baking furnace described in, for example, JP-A-7-190632. FIG. 3 shows a conventional firing furnace for ceramics described in the above publication.

In FIG. 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a lighthouse constituting a base of a firing furnace, 2 denotes a flame port member constituting a space with the lighthouse 1,
3 is a hearth, 4 is a flame inlet for guiding a flame into the furnace, 5
Is an outer wall member constituting the outside of the side surface of the furnace, 6 is an inner wall member adhered inside the outer wall member 5, 7 is a furnace lid, 8
Is an exhaust hole provided in the furnace lid 7, 9 is a chimney, 10 is a gas cylinder, 11 is a burner inserted into the space defined by the flame port member 2, and 12 is a pottery work.

[0004]

However, in the above-described conventional construction, if the firing operation is carried out while the firing furnace is placed outdoors, the outer wall member 5 and the furnace lid 7 get wet with rainwater, and moisture enters the furnace. And the firing changed, making it impossible to produce the desired ceramic work.

Further, when the outer wall member 5 and the furnace lid 7 get wet with rainwater, there is another problem that each part is corroded and cannot be used for a long period of time.

[0006] Further, since the outer wall member 5 and the furnace lid 7 of the firing furnace are exposed, there is a problem that the possibility of burning by touching a high-temperature portion is increased.

In addition, since the gas cylinder 8 (in the case of kerosene, an external fuel tank) is supplied with fuel to the burner 11 via a rubber hose or the like, there is a problem that the gas cylinder 8 may be overturned or damaged during work.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, a firing furnace for ceramics according to the present invention comprises a furnace for firing ceramics, a burner for heating the furnace, and air sent to the burner. The vehicle comprises an outer housing integrally housing a blowing means, a fuel supply means for feeding fuel to the burner, and a fuel tank.

Thus, the outer wall member and the furnace lid do not get wet by the rainwater and water does not enter into the furnace, so that the desired ceramic work can be fired. Further, corrosion of the outer wall member and the furnace lid of the furnace can be prevented, and the furnace can be used for a long time. In addition, since the outer wall member and the furnace lid of the furnace are covered with the exterior, a high-temperature portion does not appear on the surface, and burns can be prevented. Further, since the fuel tank is housed in the exterior, no related articles are placed outside the firing furnace, and the workability can be improved.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to claim 1 is a furnace for firing ceramics, a burner for heating the furnace, a blowing means for sending air to the burner, and a fuel supply means for sending fuel to the burner. And a fuel tank and an exterior that are integrally housed prevent rain from getting into the furnace and water from entering the furnace, prevent furnace corrosion, and prevent burns by exposing hot parts. It is possible to store necessary items in the exterior to improve workability.

[0011] The invention described in claim 2 is particularly advantageous in claim 1.
The burner described in the above, by providing a fire hole that is inserted horizontally on the side wall near the bottom of the furnace, the burner does not directly receive the radiant heat from the shelf plate on which the pottery work is placed and fired, so each part of the burner Temperature rise can be prevented.

[0012] The invention described in claim 3 is particularly advantageous in claim 1.
In the furnace described in the above, by providing an exhaust port above the side wall of the fire inlet for inserting the burner, the combustion gas flow generated by the burner is looped and circulated to the burner side, so that the temperature inside the furnace is uniform it can.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in particular, the furnace according to the first aspect is provided with a loading / unloading portion for loading and unloading a piece of ceramics, and puts it in and out through an exterior door. , Rainwater can be prevented from entering from the loading / unloading section.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in particular, the fuel tank according to the first aspect is constituted by a fuel receiving tank and a cartridge tank, and a part of the exterior is provided with a slot for the cartridge tank. When the firing time is long, the fuel can be easily replenished.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a firing furnace according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 13 denotes a fuel supply means comprising a pulse pump, a cylinder pump, an electromagnetic pump, and the like for pumping kerosene, which is a liquid fuel, from a constant oil level device (leveler) 14 to a burner 15.

Reference numeral 16 denotes an oil supply pipe 17 from the fuel supply means 13.
Is a tapered rotary atomization unit through which liquid fuel is supplied to the surface. The rotary atomizing unit 16 is provided with a disk for shaking off fuel and blades for mixing vaporized gas of fuel with air.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a vaporizer provided around the rotary atomizing section 16, which is made of a heat-resistant material having good heat conductivity, such as an aluminum alloy such as aluminum or duralumin, brass, copper, steel, or cast iron. It is formed in a shape. A side of the vaporizer 18 is provided with a vaporizing air port 20 which is partially open so that the oil feed pipe 17 and the shaft 19 of the rotary atomizing section 16 are inserted. An air chamber 21 is provided upstream of the vaporizing air port 20.
And the air supply chamber 22 and the air supply chamber 23 are connected to each other. The air chamber 21, the air blowing chamber 22, and the air supply chamber 23 each constitute a partitioned space, but communicate with each other through an opening through which the shaft 19 passes. An air inlet 24 is provided in a part of the air supply chamber 23. A motor 25 provided on the side of the air supply chamber 23 is connected to the shaft 19 and
1. It is configured so as to penetrate the air blowing chamber 22 and the air supply chamber 23. An impeller 26 is provided in the blower chamber 22.
For the impeller 26, a turbo fan, a radial fan, or the like that can output high pressure is used, and the shaft 19 is rotated by a motor 25. This blower chamber 22, motor 25,
The impeller 26 constitutes a blowing unit 27.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a cylindrical combustion cylinder provided around the carburetor 18, which is provided in a shape of a convergent nozzle. 29
Is a flame outlet provided at the downstream end of the vaporizer 18 and is made of steel,
It is made of a heat-resistant material such as iron, titanium, duralumin, and ceramic, and has a porous shape. A plurality of secondary air ports 30 are provided around the bottom of the carburetor 18 and inside the combustion cylinder 28 so as to communicate with the air chamber 21. 31
Is an electric heater, which is composed of a heating element such as a nichrome wire or a Kanthal wire cast into the vaporizer 18. 32 is a vaporizer temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature of the vaporizer 18;
It consists of a thermistor, a thermocouple and the like.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a control unit, which is a vaporizer temperature detection unit 32
Then, the electric heater 31 is turned on and off from the signal of (1) to maintain the vaporizer 18 at a predetermined temperature. The control unit 33 is provided to control the fuel pump 13 and the impeller 26 in an appropriate state according to the instruction of the operation switch and the magnitude of the load to adjust the fuel and the air.

Reference numeral 34 denotes a tub-shaped furnace in which the tip of the burner 15 is inserted into a fire port 36 provided near the bottom of the side wall 35. The furnace 34 has a side wall 35 made of a heat-resistant alumina or silica ceramic or brick. The outside of the side wall 35 is covered with a protective wall 37 made of heat-resistant steel, cast iron, or the like. A lid-like loading / unloading section 39 for loading / unloading the pottery work 38 is provided at the upper part of the furnace 34. The loading / unloading section 39 is lined with a heat-resistant alumina or silica ceramic or brick, and is entirely assembled with a protective cover 40. The protective cover 40 is provided with a handle for facilitating opening and closing and a stopper for preventing high-temperature gas from leaking.

Reference numeral 41 denotes a fire inlet 36 on the side wall 35 of the furnace 34.
A high-temperature gas is discharged to the outside by communicating with the flue 42 at an exhaust port provided above the gas exhaust pipe. Reference numeral 43 denotes a temperature detector that measures the temperature inside the furnace 34 installed on the side wall 35 of the furnace 34. The temperature detecting unit 43 includes a thermistor, a thermocouple, and the like. In response to the value of the temperature detection unit 43, the control unit 33 controls the fuel pump 13 and the impeller 26 to an appropriate state, adjusts the fuel and air, and sets the temperature in the furnace 34 to a predetermined value. .

Reference numeral 44 denotes a fuel tank which communicates with the constant oil level device 14 via a communication pipe 45. The fuel tank 44 is provided with a fuel gauge 46 indicating the remaining amount of fuel. The fuel tank 44 is fired at least once (oxidation, reduction, etc.).
It is provided so that more fuel can be stored. The fuel gauge 46 is configured to detect the liquid level of the fuel using a float or a prism and notify the outside of the fuel level.

Reference numeral 47 denotes an exterior, in which fuel supply means 1 is provided.
3, the burner 15, the blowing means 27, and the furnace 34 are arranged. The exterior 47 is made of a painted metal plate or stainless steel to prevent corrosion and dirt due to rainwater. Exterior 47
Is reinforced by unevenness processing, a reinforcing plate or the like so as to withstand the heavy objects of the burner 15 and the furnace 34. 48 is an exterior 47
The legs are provided to maintain stability when installed on the floor or the ground. A space 49 is provided in the exterior 47 around the furnace 34 and the burner 15 so that the heat of the furnace 34 and the burner 15 is not transmitted to the exterior 47.

The top plate 50 of the exterior 47 is provided so that the opening / closing door 51 can be opened and closed so that the loading / unloading section 39 of the furnace 34 can be opened and closed. The opening / closing door 51 is provided with a packing so that rainwater does not fall into the carry-in / carry-out section 39, or provided with the opening / closing door 51 rising and supporting a part of the exterior 47. The top plate 50 is provided with an exhaust portion 52 to which the flue 42 communicates. The inside of the flue 42 and the exhaust portion 52 is made of heat-resistant alumina or silica ceramic or brick, and heat is applied to the exterior 47. It is provided not to be transmitted inside. An exhaust top 53 is provided at the end of the exhaust unit 52 to disperse the high-temperature gas to lower the temperature.

The top plate 50 is provided with a supply door 55 for opening and closing a cap 54 for supplying fuel to the fuel tank 44. The supply door 55 is provided with a packing to prevent rainwater from
5 is provided by raising and supporting a part of the exterior 47. An air supply port 57 communicating with the air intake port 24 of the burner 15 is provided on a side portion 56 of the exterior 47.
Further, the side portion 56 is provided with a gallery 58 for cooling the inside of the exterior 47 by convection at an appropriate position.

Reference numeral 59 denotes a flame formed on the flame port 29, 60 denotes a combustion gas flow, and 61 denotes a shelf board on which a pottery work is placed.

With respect to the firing furnace configured as described above,
The operation and operation will be described below.

First, when a power supply (not shown) is turned on, the heater 31 is energized and the vaporizer 18 is heated. Vaporizer 1
When the temperature of the gas reaches a predetermined temperature, the vaporizer temperature is detected by the vaporizer temperature detector 32, the motor 25 is operated by the instruction of the controller 33, and the impeller 26 of the blower chamber 22 is rotated to supply combustion air. At the same time, the fuel supply means 13 operates,
Fuel is supplied from the oil supply pipe 17 to the rotary atomizing unit 16. The fuel is sprayed from the rotary atomizer 16 onto the wall of the high-temperature vaporizer 18 and vaporized on the wall. The combustion air is supplied into the carburetor 18 via the vaporization air port 20 and is sent to the flame port 29 as a uniform combustible mixture while being mixed with the vaporized fuel. A part of the combustion air is supplied through the secondary air port 30 along the flame 58 in the combustion tube 28 to promote the combustion.

At this time, the flammable mixture ejected from the flame port 29 is ignited by an ignition electrode (not shown) which has previously performed spark discharge, and a flame 59 is formed to start combustion.

Thereafter, the heat of the flame 59 is sent to the furnace 34,
While the temperature in the furnace 34 is measured by the temperature detecting unit 43, the control unit 33 adjusts the temperature of the fuel supplied to the vaporizer 18 to a predetermined time for firing the ceramic work and a predetermined temperature in the furnace 34. The amount and combustion air amount are controlled to maintain the firing. The maximum firing temperature in the furnace 34 is about 1250-1300 ° C. for main firing of ceramics, and about 750-8 for unglazing.
00 ° C.

As described above, in this embodiment, the fuel supply means 13, the burner 15, and the
And the furnace 34 and the internal fuel tank 44 are integrally housed, so that the outer wall member and the furnace lid do not get wet with rainwater and water does not enter the furnace, so that the desired pottery work can be fired.

Further, since the outer wall member and the furnace lid are covered with the exterior, it is possible to prevent the outer wall member and the furnace lid from being corroded by being exposed to rainwater for a long period of time, and to withstand long-term use.

Further, since the outer wall member and the furnace lid are covered with the exterior, high temperature portions do not appear on the surface, and burns can be prevented.

Also, since the fuel tank is housed inside the exterior,
Related articles are not placed outside the firing furnace, and workability can be improved.

Further, since a space 49 is provided between the furnace 34 and the exterior 47 and an air layer is interposed therebetween, the heat insulating effect can be improved.

Further, by providing a plurality of gulls 58 on the side portions 56 of the exterior 47, hot air around the furnace 34 generates convection and is discharged from the gull 58 provided above the side portions 56. Fresh air is introduced, and the temperature rise of the exterior 47 can be prevented.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a firing furnace according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 15 is a burner, 36 is a fire opening, 38 is a pottery work, 59 is
The flame, 61, is a shelf board.
A different point is that a fire inlet 36 into which the burner 15 is inserted laterally is provided on a side wall 35 near the bottom of the furnace 34 so that the burner 15 does not face the shelf board 61 in a wide area.

With respect to the firing furnace configured as described above,
The operation and operation will be described below.

The burner 15 is inserted in the horizontal direction from the fire inlet 36, and the ceramic work 38 placed on the shelf 61 is heated by the flame 59, so that the heat rays radiated from the ceramic work 37 and the shelf 61 can be spread over a wide area. Therefore, the direct receiving of the burner 15 is reduced.

As described above, in this embodiment, the burner does not directly receive the radiant heat from the shelf 61 on which the ceramic work 38 is placed and fired, so that the temperature rise of each part of the burner 15 can be prevented.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a firing furnace according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 15 is a burner, 34 is a furnace, 35 is a side wall, 36 is a fire opening,
39 is a loading / unloading section, 41 is an exhaust port, 59 is a flame,
Numeral 60 denotes a combustion gas flow, which is different from that of the first embodiment, above the side wall 35 of the fire inlet 36 into which the burner 15 is inserted.
The point of providing the exhaust port 41 is to circulate the flow of the combustion gas flow 60 into the furnace 34.

With respect to the firing furnace configured as described above,
The operation and operation will be described below.

A combustion gas flow 60 from a flame 59 formed in the burner 15 is blown out into the furnace 34 in a horizontal direction, rises along the inner wall of the furnace, and collides with a carry-in / out section 39 of the furnace 34 so that a fire inlet 36 is formed. A circulating flow descending along the side wall 35 is formed. In order not to disturb the flow of the combustion gas flow 60, the combustion gas flow is discharged from an exhaust port 41 provided above the fire inlet 36.

As described above, in this embodiment, the combustion gas flow 60 generated in the burner 15 is looped and circulated to the burner 15 side, so that the temperature in the furnace 34 can be made uniform.

Further, since the exhaust port 41 is provided on the same side wall 35 as the burner 15, the components communicating with the burner 15 and the exhaust port 41 can be easily housed in the exterior 47.
The exterior 47 can be made compact.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 34 is
Furnace, 38 is a pottery work, 39 is a loading / unloading section, 47 is
An exterior, 50 is a top plate, 51 is an opening / closing door, and what is different from the first embodiment is that the furnace 34
9 is provided on the upper part thereof, and a configuration is provided in which the door 9 is taken in and out through the opening / closing door 51 of the exterior 47.

The operation and operation of the combustion apparatus configured as described above will be described below.

The opening / closing door 51 of the top plate 50 of the exterior 47 is opened, and the carrying-out section 39 of the furnace 34 in the exterior 47 is opened to store the ceramic work 38 in the furnace 34.

As described above, in this embodiment, the exterior 47 is provided outside the loading / unloading section 39, and the loading / unloading section 39 is opened / closed via the opening / closing door 51, so that rainwater enters from the loading / unloading section 39. Can be prevented.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a firing furnace according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. 2, 13 is a fuel supply means, 15 is a burner, 33 is a control unit, 34
Is a furnace, 47 is an exterior, 54 is a cap, 62 is a fuel receiving tank, 63 is a cartridge tank, 64 is
An inlet / outlet 65 is a liquid level sensor constituted by a float or a prism for detecting a fuel level in the fuel receiving tank 62, and 66 is a controller 33 which outputs a signal from the liquid level sensor 65.
A display unit configured by a liquid crystal or a photoelectric tube in order to convert and display by using a fuel tank 44 is different from the first embodiment.
It is composed of a fuel receiving tank 62 and a cartridge tank 63, and is characterized in that an opening 64 for the cartridge tank is provided in a part of the exterior 47.

With respect to the firing furnace configured as described above,
The operation and operation will be described below.

When refilling the firing furnace with fuel, the cartridge tank 63 is pulled out from the inlet / outlet 64 of the outer casing 47, and after being filled with fuel, is mounted on the fuel receiving tank 62 again. The fuel is supplied from the cartridge tank 63 to the fuel receiving tank 62 by using the siphon principle while keeping the liquid level constant. All the fuel in the cartridge tank 63 falls into the fuel receiving tank 62 and When the fuel level drops, the liquid level sensor 65 detects the fuel level, a signal is sent to the controller 33, and the display unit 66 indicates that the fuel is running out. The running out of fuel can be notified by a buzzer or the like.

As described above, in this embodiment, when the firing time is long, the cartridge tank can be pulled out to easily replenish the fuel.

If the capacity (fuel input amount) of the cartridge tank 63 is set to the amount of fuel necessary for one firing (general firing), the cartridge tank 6
3 can be reduced in size, and the firing furnace can be reduced in weight.

[0057]

As described above, according to the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the intrusion of rainwater into the furnace can be prevented, and a desired ceramic work can be obtained. Further, it is possible to prevent the furnace from being corroded and endure long-term use. In addition, the high temperature furnace can be covered with an exterior to prevent burns. In addition, the workability can be improved without the article being placed outside the firing furnace.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a firing furnace in Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a firing furnace according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional firing furnace.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 Fuel supply means 15 Burner 27 Blowing means 34 Furnace 36 Fire opening 41 Exhaust port 44 Fuel tank 47 Exterior 51 Opening / closing door

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A furnace for firing ceramics, a burner for heating the furnace, a blowing means for sending air to the burner, a fuel supply means for sending fuel to the burner, and a fuel tank in an integral exterior. The stored firing furnace. 2. The firing furnace according to claim 1, wherein the burner is attached to a fire opening provided laterally on a side wall near the bottom of the furnace. 3. The firing furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace is provided with an exhaust port above the side wall of the fire inlet. 4. The baking furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace is provided with a loading / unloading section for a ceramic work, and is configured to be taken in and out through an exterior opening / closing door. 5. The fuel tank according to claim 1, wherein the fuel tank comprises a fuel receiving tank and a cartridge tank, and an outlet for the cartridge tank is provided in a part of the exterior.
The firing furnace according to the item.