JP2002234005A - Woody material treatment method - Google Patents
Woody material treatment methodInfo
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- JP2002234005A JP2002234005A JP2001370434A JP2001370434A JP2002234005A JP 2002234005 A JP2002234005 A JP 2002234005A JP 2001370434 A JP2001370434 A JP 2001370434A JP 2001370434 A JP2001370434 A JP 2001370434A JP 2002234005 A JP2002234005 A JP 2002234005A
- Authority
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- treatment
- bleaching
- wood material
- acetylation
- wood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、木質材の漂白を行
う際の処理方法に関し、詳しくは、処理後の光や熱によ
る木質材の変色を抑制するための木質材の処理方法に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing method for bleaching a wooden material, and more particularly to a method for processing a wooden material for suppressing discoloration of the wooden material due to light or heat after the processing.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来より、木質材の汚れ除去、染色また
塗装する前の木質材の脱色などを目的として、木質材を
過酸化水素水などで漂白処理することが行われている。
例えば、特開昭５５−１４０５０６号公報には、単板を
過酸化水素水を用いて脱色する方法、特開昭５７−１８
７２０４号公報には、脂肪族ジアルデヒドおよび亜塩素
酸塩で木材を処理する方法、特開昭６２−１３４２０２
号公報には、ナラ材の単板をアスコルビン酸、次亜塩素
酸ナトリウムおよびエチレンジアミン四酢酸ナトリウム
の混合溶液に浸漬する方法、特開平８−１１１０６号公
報には、過炭酸ナトリウム等の過酸化水素誘導体を添加
した過酸化水素水で木材を漂白・脱色する方法が提案さ
れている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, wood materials have been bleached with a hydrogen peroxide solution or the like for the purpose of removing stains on the wood materials, decolorizing the wood materials before dyeing or painting.
For example, JP-A-55-140506 discloses a method of decolorizing a veneer using a hydrogen peroxide solution.
No. 7204 discloses a method of treating wood with an aliphatic dialdehyde and chlorite.
JP-A-8-11106 discloses a method in which a veneer veneer veneer is immersed in a mixed solution of ascorbic acid, sodium hypochlorite and sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. A method of bleaching and decoloring wood with a hydrogen peroxide solution to which a derivative has been added has been proposed.
【０００３】しかしながら、これら従来の漂白処理で
は、処理後において、光や熱によって木質材が色戻りを
起こし、濃色化するといった不具合が生じていた。漂白
処理された木質材の変色の度合いを色差で表すと、その
色差は、漂白処理されていない木質材よりも大きくなっ
てしまっていた。この原因としては、以下のことが考え
られる。すなわち、木質材中のリグニンは、芳香核構造
やフェノール性水酸基を有しているため、太陽光の紫外
線を吸収してラジカル反応による光酸化作用によって分
解する。これにより、リグニンが低分子化したり、水酸
基の水素が引き抜かれたりすることが原因となって、発
色団が形成される。この発色団の形成が、木質材が濃色
化したり、漂白処理を施しても色も取りしたりする原因
と考えられている。[0003] However, in these conventional bleaching processes, after the process, there is a problem that the wood material returns color by light or heat and becomes darker. When the degree of discoloration of the bleached wood material was represented by color difference, the color difference was larger than that of the unbleached wood material. The following can be considered as the cause. That is, since lignin in wood material has an aromatic nucleus structure and a phenolic hydroxyl group, it absorbs ultraviolet rays of sunlight and is decomposed by a photooxidation action by a radical reaction. As a result, a chromophore is formed because the molecular weight of lignin is reduced or the hydrogen of the hydroxyl group is extracted. It is believed that the formation of the chromophore causes the wood material to become darker or to take on the color even after bleaching.
【０００４】また、従来より、木質材の耐湿化、寸法安
定化を目的として、木質材をアセチル化剤でアセチル化
処理することが行われている。例えば、特開平５−２６
９７１０号公報には、木質繊維を気相中にて無水酢酸な
どのアセチル化剤でアセチル化する方法、特開平７−９
４１１号公報には、セルロース含有材を気相中にてアセ
チル化する方法が提案されている。また、アセチル化処
理には、木質材を漂白する作用があることも知られてい
る。[0004] Conventionally, wood materials have been acetylated with an acetylating agent for the purpose of moisture resistance and dimensional stability of the wood materials. For example, JP-A-5-26
No. 9710 discloses a method of acetylating a wood fiber with an acetylating agent such as acetic anhydride in a gas phase.
No. 411 proposes a method of acetylating a cellulose-containing material in a gas phase. It is also known that the acetylation treatment has an effect of bleaching wood materials.
【０００５】しかしながら、アセチル化処理された木質
材は、光により明色化していき、次第に色が抜けて白く
なっていくという問題を有していた。このように、従来
の木質材の漂白処理やアセチル化処理には、処理後の木
質材が、色戻り（濃色化）や色抜け（明色化）などの変
色を起こすという問題があった。[0005] However, the acetylated wood material has a problem that it becomes brighter by light and gradually loses its color and becomes white. As described above, in the conventional bleaching and acetylation treatment of wood material, there is a problem that the wood material after the treatment causes discoloration such as color return (darkening) and color loss (lightening). .
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】よって、本発明の目的
は、漂白処理後の光や熱による木質材の色戻り（濃色
化）を大幅に抑えることができる木質材の処理方法を提
供することにある。また、本発明の目的は、漂白処理お
よびアセチル化処理後の光や熱による木質材の色戻り
（濃色化）や色抜け（明色化）などの変色を大幅に抑え
ることができる木質材の処理方法を提供することにあ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating wood material which can significantly suppress the color return (darkening) of the wood material due to light or heat after bleaching. It is in. Another object of the present invention is to provide a wood material capable of significantly suppressing discoloration such as color return (darkening) and color loss (lightening) of the wood material due to light or heat after bleaching and acetylation. Is to provide a processing method.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち、本発明の木質
材の処理方法は、木質材に、漂白処理および、木質材中
のフェノール性水酸基を他の基に置換する置換処理を施
すことを特徴とする。また、前記置換処理は、アセチル
化処理、オリゴエステル化処理、エーテル化処理および
ホルマール化処理からなる群から選ばれるいずれかの処
理であることが望ましい。また、前記置換処理は、漂白
処理の後に行われることが望ましい。また、漂白処理と
置換処理との間に、木質材を洗浄および乾燥することが
望ましい。また、前記置換処理はアセチル化処理であ
り、木質材のアセチル化度は５％以上であることが望ま
しい。That is, the method for treating wood according to the present invention is characterized in that the wood is subjected to a bleaching treatment and a substitution treatment for replacing a phenolic hydroxyl group in the wood with another group. And Further, the substitution treatment is desirably any treatment selected from the group consisting of an acetylation treatment, an oligoesterification treatment, an etherification treatment, and a formalization treatment. Further, it is desirable that the replacement process is performed after the bleaching process. In addition, it is desirable to wash and dry the wood material between the bleaching process and the replacement process. Further, the substitution treatment is an acetylation treatment, and the acetylation degree of the wood material is desirably 5% or more.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。
本発明の木質材の処理方法は、木質材に、漂白処理およ
び、木質材中のフェノール性水酸基を他の基に置換する
置換処理を施すことを特徴とする方法であり、漂白処理
および置換処理の順序は特に限定はされない。すなわ
ち、木質材に漂白処理を施した後に、置換処理を施して
もよいし、木質材に置換処理を施した後に、漂白処理を
施してもよい。ただし、漂白処理はアルカリ性の条件下
で行われることが多いので、木質材に置換処理を施した
後に、漂白処理を施す方法の場合には、木質材中におい
て他の基に置換された部分のうち、その一部がアルカリ
によって加水分解され、置換基がとれてしまうおそれが
ある。したがって、木質材に漂白処理を施した後に、置
換処理を施す方法が好ましい。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
The method for treating woody material of the present invention is a method characterized by subjecting woody material to bleaching treatment and substitution treatment for replacing a phenolic hydroxyl group in the woody material with another group. Is not particularly limited. That is, after performing the bleaching process on the wood material, the replacement process may be performed, or after performing the replacement process on the wood material, the bleaching process may be performed. However, since the bleaching process is often performed under alkaline conditions, in the case of performing the bleaching process after performing the replacement process on the wood material, the portion of the wood material replaced with another group in the wood material is Among them, a part thereof may be hydrolyzed by the alkali, and the substituent may be removed. Therefore, a method is preferred in which a wood material is subjected to a bleaching treatment followed by a replacement treatment.
【０００９】本発明における木質材は、木材から得られ
るものであれば特に限定されず、例えば、木材をスライ
スした単板、直交合板（Ｒ／Ｃ）等の合板、中密度繊維
板（ＭＤＦ）等の木質繊維板、パーティクルボード、Ｏ
ＳＢ、ムク材、これらを複数組み合わせたもの、単板に
アルミなどを接着した複合材などが挙げられる。また、
木質繊維または木材小片にあらかじめ漂白処理および置
換処理を施し、これをバインダー樹脂で固めて木質繊維
板またはパーティクルボードとしてもよい。これら木質
材の中でも、大きな面積で使用されることの多く、黄変
が目立ちやすい単板において、本発明の処理方法は効果
的である。The woody material in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be obtained from wood. For example, a veneer obtained by slicing wood, plywood such as orthogonal plywood (R / C), medium density fiberboard (MDF) Wood fiber board, particle board, O
Examples include SB, Muku material, a combination of a plurality of these materials, and a composite material obtained by bonding aluminum or the like to a single plate. Also,
A wood fiber or a small piece of wood may be preliminarily subjected to a bleaching treatment and a replacement treatment and solidified with a binder resin to form a wood fiber board or a particle board. Among these wood materials, the processing method of the present invention is effective for a veneer often used in a large area and in which yellowing is conspicuous.
【００１０】本発明における漂白処理としては、公知の
漂白処理方法を採用することができる。例えば、漂白液
を木質材に刷毛塗りなどの方法によって塗布し、必要に
応じて加熱を行いながら、所定時間処理する方法；木質
材を漂白液に浸漬し、必要に応じて加熱を行いながら、
所定時間処理する方法などが挙げられる。As the bleaching treatment in the present invention, a known bleaching treatment method can be adopted. For example, a method in which a bleaching liquid is applied to a wooden material by a method such as brushing, and treated for a predetermined time while heating as necessary; while the wooden material is immersed in the bleaching liquid and heated as necessary,
For example, there is a method of performing processing for a predetermined time.
【００１１】漂白液としては、例えば、ｐＨ９〜１２の
過酸化水素水；亜塩素酸カリウム、亜塩素酸ナトリウム
などの亜塩素酸塩の水溶液；次亜塩素酸カリウム、次亜
塩素酸ナトリウムなどの次亜塩素酸塩の水溶液などが挙
げられる。処理時間は、特に限定はされないが、例え
ば、処理温度が３０℃〜５０℃の場合には、１０分〜２
００分の範囲であり、処理温度が２０℃の場合には、１
時間〜２４時間の範囲である。Examples of the bleaching solution include an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide having a pH of 9 to 12; an aqueous solution of chlorite such as potassium chlorite and sodium chlorite; and an aqueous solution of potassium chlorite and sodium hypochlorite. An aqueous solution of hypochlorite is exemplified. The processing time is not particularly limited. For example, when the processing temperature is 30 ° C to 50 ° C, the processing time is 10 minutes to 2 minutes.
00 minutes, and when the processing temperature is 20 ° C., 1
Hours to 24 hours.
【００１２】上記の漂白処理方法以外にも、例えば、特
開昭５７−１８７２０４号公報に記載された、脂肪族ジ
アルデヒドおよび亜塩素酸塩で木質材を処理する方法、
特開昭６２−１３４２０２号公報に記載された、木質材
をアスコルビン酸、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムおよびエチレ
ンジアミン四酢酸ナトリウムの混合溶液に浸漬する方
法、特開平８−１１１０６号公報に記載された、過炭酸
ナトリウム等の過酸化水素誘導体を添加した過酸化水素
水で木質材を漂白・脱色する方法など、公知の漂白処理
方法が採用できる。In addition to the above-mentioned bleaching method, for example, a method of treating wood material with an aliphatic dialdehyde and chlorite described in JP-A-57-187204,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-134202 discloses a method of immersing wood material in a mixed solution of ascorbic acid, sodium hypochlorite and sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. Known bleaching treatment methods such as a method of bleaching and decoloring wood materials with a hydrogen peroxide solution to which a hydrogen peroxide derivative such as sodium carbonate is added can be employed.
【００１３】漂白処理の後には、特に漂白された木材中
成分や漂白処理された木質材を加熱または洗浄し、余分
な漂白液を除去することが好ましい。漂白液に使用した
過酸化水素などが木質材に残留していると、木質材に塗
膜などを設けたり、木質材を染色した際に、塗膜や木質
板の色が変色するなどの不具合が生ずるおそれがある。
洗浄は、漂白された木材成分除去の面からも好ましく、
具体的には、漂白処理された木質材を水に浸漬する、ま
たは流水にさらすことによって行われる。洗浄には、水
または４０〜８０℃の温水が使用できる。また、洗浄時
間は、特に限定はされないが、３０〜１８０分程度であ
る。[0013] After the bleaching treatment, it is particularly preferable to heat or wash the components in the bleached wood and the bleached wood material to remove excess bleaching solution. If the hydrogen peroxide used in the bleaching solution remains on the wood material, problems such as discoloration of the coating film or wood board when coating the wood material or dyeing the wood material May occur.
Washing is also preferable from the viewpoint of removing bleached wood components,
Specifically, it is carried out by immersing the bleached wood material in water or exposing it to running water. Water or warm water at 40 to 80 ° C. can be used for washing. The washing time is not particularly limited, but is about 30 to 180 minutes.
【００１４】また、上記洗浄の後には、漂白処理された
木質材を乾燥することが好ましい。特に、漂白処理の後
に置換処理としてアセチル化処理を行う場合には、木質
材中の水分とアセチル化剤である無水酢酸とが反応して
しまう。また、水と無水酢酸との反応が発熱反応である
ため、大量の木材を扱うと木材の変色を伴うばかりでな
く、危険性も増す。したがって、木質材中の含水率を１
３％以下としておくことが好ましく、１０％以下として
おくことがより好ましく、３％以下としておくことがさ
らに好ましい。また、木質材として、上述の複合材を用
いた場合には、木質材の割れを防止する効果もある。After the washing, the bleached wood material is preferably dried. In particular, when an acetylation treatment is performed as a substitution treatment after the bleaching treatment, water in the wood material reacts with acetic anhydride as an acetylating agent. Further, since the reaction between water and acetic anhydride is an exothermic reaction, handling a large amount of wood not only involves discoloration of the wood, but also increases the danger. Therefore, the water content in the wood material should be 1
It is preferably at most 3%, more preferably at most 10%, further preferably at most 3%. In addition, when the above-described composite material is used as the wood material, there is also an effect of preventing cracking of the wood material.
【００１５】乾燥方法としては、例えば、熱風乾燥、真
空乾燥、熱盤乾燥などを採用することができる。乾燥条
件は、熱風乾燥の場合、例えば、温度は４０〜８０℃、
時間は１０〜９０分であり、真空乾燥の場合、例えば、
気圧は５〜１２０ｔｏｒｒ、温度は４０〜８０℃、時間
は１〜８時間であり、熱盤乾燥の場合は、例えば、温度
は５０〜１２０℃、時間は１〜３０分である。As the drying method, for example, hot air drying, vacuum drying, hot plate drying and the like can be employed. The drying conditions are, for example, a temperature of 40 to 80 ° C. in the case of hot air drying,
The time is 10 to 90 minutes, and in the case of vacuum drying, for example,
The pressure is 5 to 120 torr, the temperature is 40 to 80 ° C, and the time is 1 to 8 hours. In the case of hot plate drying, for example, the temperature is 50 to 120 ° C and the time is 1 to 30 minutes.
【００１６】本発明における置換処理としては、木質材
中のフェノール性水酸基を他の基に置換する処理であれ
ば特に限定はされないが、好ましい処理としては、アセ
チル化処理、オリゴエステル化処理、エーテル化処理お
よびホルマール化処理が挙げられる。中でも、木質材の
耐湿化、寸法安定化の効果を有し、さらに、漂白処理と
の併用によって、木質材の色戻り（濃色化）および色抜
け（明色化）の両方を抑制できるという相乗効果が期待
できる、アセチル化処理が最も好適である。本発明にお
けるアセチル化処理とは、木質材にアセチル化剤、例え
ば無水酢酸を接触させて、次式のように木質材（Ｗ）中
の水酸基（−ＯＨ）の一部をアセチル基（−ＯＣＯＣＨ
3 ）に置き換える処理のことである。 [W]-OH ＋ (CH3CO)2O → [W]-OCOCH3 ＋ CH3COOH アセチル化処理は、気相中で行ってもよく、液相中で行
ってもよいが、液相でアセチル化処理を行うと、大量の
アセチル化剤が必要となり、また大量のアセチル化剤を
反応温度まで短時間で昇温させることも困難なので、気
相中で行うことが好ましい。The substitution treatment in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it substitutes the phenolic hydroxyl group in the wood material with another group. Preferred treatments include acetylation treatment, oligoesterification treatment, and ether treatment. And formalization treatment. Above all, it has the effect of moisture resistance and dimensional stabilization of wood materials, and it can suppress both color return (darkening) and color loss (lightening) of wood materials by combined use with bleaching treatment. Acetylation treatment, which can expect a synergistic effect, is most preferred. The acetylation treatment in the present invention means that a wood material is contacted with an acetylating agent, for example, acetic anhydride, and a part of the hydroxyl group (—OH) in the wood material (W) is converted into an acetyl group (—OCOCH) as shown in the following formula.
This is the process that replaces 3 ). [W] -OH + (CH 3 CO) 2 O → [W] -OCOCH 3 + CH 3 COOH The acetylation treatment may be performed in the gas phase or in the liquid phase. When the acetylation treatment is carried out at a large amount, a large amount of the acetylating agent is required, and it is difficult to raise the temperature of the large amount of the acetylating agent to the reaction temperature in a short time.
【００１７】気相中でのアセチル化の具体的な方法とし
ては、例えば、反応容器の底部にアセチル化剤を満た
し、この上方にステンレスワイヤなどで作ったネットを
張り、このネット上に木質材を載せ、アセチル化剤を加
熱してアセチル化剤の蒸気を発生させて、木質材とアセ
チル化剤の蒸気を接触させる方法などが挙げられる。As a specific method of acetylation in the gas phase, for example, the bottom of a reaction vessel is filled with an acetylating agent, a net made of a stainless steel wire or the like is provided above the acetylating agent, and a wooden material is placed on the net. And heating the acetylating agent to generate vapor of the acetylating agent, thereby bringing the wood material into contact with the acetylating agent vapor.
【００１８】アセチル化剤としては、例えば、酢酸、無
水酢酸、クロル酢酸などが挙げられ、中でも反応性（処
理効率）の点で、無水酢酸が好適に用いられる。反応時
間は、１５分〜３時間程度とされるが、要求されるアセ
チル化度によって適宜変更できる。また、反応温度は、
１３０〜２００℃であり、反応圧力は、常圧〜２気圧程
度である。Examples of the acetylating agent include acetic acid, acetic anhydride, chloroacetic acid and the like. Among them, acetic anhydride is preferably used from the viewpoint of reactivity (treatment efficiency). The reaction time is about 15 minutes to 3 hours, but can be appropriately changed depending on the required degree of acetylation. The reaction temperature is
130-200 ° C., and the reaction pressure is about normal pressure to about 2 atm.
【００１９】また、木質材のアセチル化に際して、無水
酢酸などのアセチル化剤を、これと反応しない不活性な
溶媒、例えば、キシレンなどで希釈して用いることがで
きる。この場合における溶媒の使用量は、アセチル化剤
と溶媒との合計量の７０重量％以下とされる。このよう
なアセチル化剤と溶媒との混合物を用いることで、発熱
反応であるアセチル化反応を穏和な状態で進めることが
でき、反応操作が容易となり、木質材の過度のアセチル
化や熱劣化を抑えることができる。When acetylating wood material, an acetylating agent such as acetic anhydride can be used after diluting it with an inert solvent which does not react with the acetylating agent, for example, xylene. In this case, the amount of the solvent used is 70% by weight or less of the total amount of the acetylating agent and the solvent. By using such a mixture of the acetylating agent and the solvent, the acetylation reaction, which is an exothermic reaction, can proceed in a mild state, the reaction operation becomes easy, and excessive acetylation and thermal deterioration of the wood material are prevented. Can be suppressed.
【００２０】上述のアセチル化処理による木質材のアセ
チル化度は、重量増加率で、通常、１〜２５％程度とさ
れるが、要求される耐水性、耐湿性に応じて適宜変更す
ることもできる。また、アセチル化度は、５％以上が好
ましい。ただし、アセチル化度が高いほど、色戻り（濃
色化）の抑制効果は高くなるが、アセチル化度を高める
ためには処理時間が長くなってしまう。したがって、ア
セチル化の処理時間を考慮すると（処理時間があまり長
くならない範囲で）アセチル化度は１５％以下が好まし
い。アセチル化度が１５％以下であっても、十分な効果
が得られる。また、アセチル化度は、漂白処理における
時間に応じて適宜、調整される。漂白処理における処理
時間（漂白液への浸漬時間）を１０分以上とした場合に
は、アセチル化度は５％以上とするのが好ましい。ま
た、漂白処理の時間を長くした場合（例えば１時間以
上）には、アセチル化度は１５％以上とすることが好ま
しい。アセチル化処理された木質材を、必要に応じて洗
浄し、付着しているアセチル化剤を除去する。また、ア
セチル化処理を液相で行った場合、あるいはアセチル処
理化後に洗浄を行った場合には、木質材を所定の含水率
まで乾燥する。The degree of acetylation of the wood material by the above-mentioned acetylation treatment is usually about 1 to 25% in terms of weight increase rate, but can be appropriately changed according to the required water resistance and moisture resistance. it can. The acetylation degree is preferably 5% or more. However, as the degree of acetylation increases, the effect of suppressing color return (darkening) increases, but the processing time increases in order to increase the degree of acetylation. Therefore, the acetylation degree is preferably 15% or less in consideration of the acetylation treatment time (as long as the treatment time is not too long). Even if the acetylation degree is 15% or less, a sufficient effect can be obtained. The acetylation degree is appropriately adjusted according to the time in the bleaching treatment. When the processing time (immersion time in the bleaching solution) in the bleaching treatment is 10 minutes or more, the acetylation degree is preferably 5% or more. When the bleaching time is extended (for example, 1 hour or more), the acetylation degree is preferably 15% or more. The acetylated wood material is washed as necessary to remove the attached acetylating agent. When the acetylation treatment is performed in a liquid phase or when the acetylation treatment is followed by washing, the wood material is dried to a predetermined moisture content.
【００２１】本発明におけるオリゴエステル化処理と
は、木質材中の水酸基を起点として、二塩基酸無水物と
重合性二重結合を有するエポキシ化合物とを交互付加エ
ステル化反応することによりオリゴエステル化木質材を
得る処理のことである。オリゴエステル処理は、耐湿
化、寸法安定化の効果を有し、さらにオリゴエステル化
木質材は、合成高分子に対して優れた親和性を有するた
め、成形加工性の高い木材・合成高分子系複合材料とな
る。また、本発明におけるエーテル化処理とは、木質材
中の水酸基（−ＯＨ）の一部をエステル基（−Ｏ−Ｒ、
Ｒ＝アルキル基等の炭化水素基）に置き換える処理のこ
とである。エーテル処理は、耐湿化、寸法安定化の効果
を有し、さらにエーテル化木質材は、耐候性に優れる。
また、本発明におけるホルマール化処理とは、木質材中
の水酸基（−ＯＨ）の一部を−ＯＣＨ2Ｏ に置き換える
処理のことである。ホルマール化木質材は、耐湿化、寸
法安定化の効果を有する。漂白処理および置換処理を施
された木質材には、必要に応じて、塗装などの後処理を
施してもよい。塗装に用いられる樹脂としては、例え
ば、ウレタン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、エポキシ樹
脂、アクリル樹脂、ラッカー、アルキッド樹脂、メラミ
ン樹脂などが挙げられる。ただし、塗膜に変色が起こり
にくい樹脂を使用することが好ましい。The oligoesterification treatment in the present invention refers to an oligoesterification treatment in which a dibasic acid anhydride and an epoxy compound having a polymerizable double bond are alternately esterified starting from a hydroxyl group in a wood material. This is the process of obtaining wood. Oligoester treatment has the effects of moisture resistance and dimensional stabilization, and oligoesterified wood material has excellent affinity for synthetic polymers, so wood and synthetic polymer based materials with high moldability It becomes a composite material. Further, the etherification treatment in the present invention means that a part of the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the wood material is converted into an ester group (-OR,
R = hydrocarbon group such as alkyl group). The ether treatment has the effects of moisture resistance and dimensional stabilization, and the etherified wood material has excellent weather resistance.
Further, the formalization treatment in the present invention is a treatment for replacing a part of the hydroxyl group (—OH) in the wood material with —OCH 2 O. The formalized wood material has the effects of moisture resistance and dimensional stability. The wood material that has been subjected to the bleaching treatment and the replacement treatment may be subjected to post-treatment such as painting, if necessary. Examples of the resin used for coating include urethane-based resin, polyester-based resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, lacquer, alkyd resin, and melamine resin. However, it is preferable to use a resin that does not easily cause discoloration in the coating film.
【００２２】本発明の木質材の処理方法にあっては、漂
白処理に加えて置換処理を施し、木質材中のフェノール
性水酸基を他の基に置換しているので、木質材中に発色
団が形成されることを抑制し、漂白処理後の光や熱によ
る色戻りが抑えられた漂白木質材を得ることができる。
また、本発明の木質材の処理方法にあっては、漂白処理
およびアセチル化処理を併用しているので、漂白処理お
よびアセチル化処理が有していたそれぞれの欠点をそれ
ぞれの処理が互いに補完することとなり、処理後の光や
熱による色戻りおよび色抜けが抑えられた漂白木質材を
得ることができる。In the method for treating woody material according to the present invention, the phenolic hydroxyl groups in the woody material are replaced by other groups in addition to the bleaching treatment, so that the chromophore is added to the woody material. Is suppressed, and a bleached wood material in which color return due to light or heat after the bleaching treatment is suppressed can be obtained.
Further, in the method for treating woody material of the present invention, since the bleaching treatment and the acetylation treatment are used in combination, the respective disadvantages of the bleaching treatment and the acetylation treatment complement each other. As a result, it is possible to obtain a bleached wood material in which color return and color loss due to light or heat after the treatment are suppressed.
【００２３】[0023]
【実施例】以下、本発明を更に理解しやすくするため、
実施例について説明する。かかる実施例は、本発明の一
態様を示すものであり、この発明を限定するものではな
い。本発明の範囲で任意に変更可能である。EXAMPLES In order to make the present invention easier to understand,
An example will be described. These examples illustrate one embodiment of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. It can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the present invention.
【００２４】（実施例１）３５重量％の過酸化水素水１
００重量部に苛性ソーダ水溶液を２０重量部添加して、
ｐＨが１１に調整された漂白液を用意した。この漂白液
に、メープル、スプルースの単板（６０ｃｍ×３０ｃｍ
×厚さ０．５ｍｍ）を、４０℃で６０分間浸漬した。漂
白処理後の単板を引き上げ、６０℃の温水に１０分間浸
漬し、さらに流水で１０分間水洗した。次いで、洗浄さ
れた単板を８０℃の熱盤上で５分間乾燥させ、木質材の
含水率を１２％に調整した。Example 1 35% by weight of hydrogen peroxide solution 1
20 parts by weight of an aqueous caustic soda solution were added to 00 parts by weight,
A bleaching solution adjusted to pH 11 was prepared. Add a maple or spruce veneer (60 cm x 30 cm)
× thickness 0.5 mm) was immersed at 40 ° C. for 60 minutes. The veneer after the bleaching treatment was pulled up, immersed in warm water of 60 ° C. for 10 minutes, and further washed with running water for 10 minutes. Next, the washed veneer was dried on a hot plate at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes to adjust the water content of the wood material to 12%.
【００２５】乾燥された単板を、気相アセチル化処理装
置（住友ケミカルエンジニアリング社製）を用い、１５
０℃の条件下で、無水酢酸によって５０分間アセチル化
処理し、処理後、未反応の無水酢酸を吸気して除去し
た。単板のアセチル化度は、重量増加率（ＷＰＧ：weig
ht percent gain）で１３％であった。処理された単板
について、下記の耐光試験を行い、試験前後の色差を測
定した。結果を表１に示す。The dried veneer was treated with a gas-phase acetylation apparatus (Sumitomo Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd.) for 15 minutes.
Acetylation treatment was performed for 50 minutes with acetic anhydride at 0 ° C., and after the treatment, unreacted acetic anhydride was removed by suction. The degree of acetylation of a veneer is determined by the weight increase rate (WPG: weig).
ht percent gain) was 13%. The treated veneer was subjected to the following light resistance test, and the color difference before and after the test was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
【００２６】（耐光試験）試験機としてキセノンフェー
ドメーター（スガ試験機社製の色差計）を用いて、木質
材に対して連続照射を行い、Ｌ*ａ*ｂ*表色系における
照射前後のＬ*、ａ *、ｂ*を測色し、それぞれの差Δ
Ｌ*、Δａ*、Δｂ*を求め、次式から色差ΔＥ*abを計算
した。 ΔＥ*ab＝［（ΔＬ*）2＋（Δａ*）2＋（Δｂ*）2］1/2 （試験条件） 測色時の光源：Ｄ65 積算光量 ：１１ＭＪ／ｍ2 ブラックパネル温度：８３℃(Light fastness test) Xenon Fe
Using a dometer (color difference meter manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.)
The material is continuously irradiated and L*a*b*In the color system
L before and after irradiation*, A *, B*And measure the difference Δ
L*, Δa*, Δb*And the color difference ΔE is calculated from the following equation.*calculate ab
did. ΔE*ab = [(ΔL*)Two+ (Δa*)Two+ (Δb*)Two]1/2 (Test conditions) Light source for color measurement: D65 Integrated light amount: 11 MJ / mTwo Black panel temperature: 83 ° C
【００２７】（実施例２）メープルの単板（６０ｃｍ×
３０ｃｍ×厚さ０．５ｍｍ）を、実施例１と同様にアセ
チル化処理し、処理後、未反応の無水酢酸を吸気して除
去した。単板のアセチル化度は、重量増加率で１４％で
あった。アセチル化処理された単板を、実施例１と同じ
漂白液に、４０℃で６０分間浸漬した。漂白処理後の単
板を引き上げ、６０℃の温水に１０分間浸漬し、さらに
流水で１０分間水洗した。次いで、洗浄された単板を８
０℃の熱盤上で５分間乾燥させた。処理された単板につ
いて、実施例１と同様に耐光試験を行い、試験前後の色
差を測定した。結果を表１に示す。Example 2 Maple veneer (60 cm ×
(30 cm × 0.5 mm thick) was acetylated in the same manner as in Example 1, and after the treatment, unreacted acetic anhydride was removed by suction. The degree of acetylation of the veneer was 14% in terms of weight increase. The acetylated veneer was immersed in the same bleaching solution as in Example 1 at 40 ° C. for 60 minutes. The veneer after the bleaching treatment was pulled up, immersed in warm water of 60 ° C. for 10 minutes, and further washed with running water for 10 minutes. Then, wash the washed veneer with 8
Dry on a hot plate at 0 ° C. for 5 minutes. The treated veneer was subjected to a light resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1, and the color difference before and after the test was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
【００２８】（比較例１）実施例１と同じ漂白液に、メ
ープルの単板（６０ｃｍ×３０ｃｍ×厚さ０．５ｍｍ）
を、４０℃で６０分間浸漬した。漂白処理後の単板を引
き上げ、６０℃の温水に１０分間浸漬し、さらに流水で
１０分間水洗した。次いで、洗浄された単板を８０℃の
熱盤上で５分間乾燥させ、木質材の含水率を１２％に調
整した。漂白処理された単板について、実施例１と同様
に耐光試験を行い、試験前後の色差を測定した。結果を
表１に示す。Comparative Example 1 A maple veneer (60 cm × 30 cm × 0.5 mm thick) was added to the same bleaching solution as in Example 1.
Was soaked at 40 ° C. for 60 minutes. The veneer after the bleaching treatment was pulled up, immersed in warm water of 60 ° C. for 10 minutes, and further washed with running water for 10 minutes. Next, the washed veneer was dried on a hot plate at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes to adjust the water content of the wood material to 12%. The bleached veneer was subjected to a light resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1, and the color difference before and after the test was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
【００２９】（比較例２）メープル、スプルースの単板
（６０ｃｍ×３０ｃｍ×厚さ０．５ｍｍ）を、実施例１
と同様にアセチル化処理し、処理後、未反応の無水酢酸
を吸気して除去した。単板のアセチル化度は、重量増加
率で１４％であった。アセチル化処理された単板につい
て、実施例１と同様に耐光試験を行い、試験前後の色差
を測定した。結果を表１に示す。(Comparative Example 2) A maple or spruce veneer (60 cm x 30 cm x thickness 0.5 mm) was used in Example 1.
After the treatment, unreacted acetic anhydride was removed by suction. The degree of acetylation of the veneer was 14% in terms of weight increase. The acetylated veneer was subjected to a light resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1, and the color difference before and after the test was measured. Table 1 shows the results.
【００３０】[0030]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３１】（実施例３、比較例３）約０．２Ｎの水酸
化ナトリウム水溶液１Ｌに、３５重量％の過酸化水素水
５０ｃｃを加えて漂白液を調整した。厚さ０．２ｍｍの
メープル化粧材を８枚用意し、このうち６枚について
は、それぞれ４０℃で５分（実施例３−１）、１０分
（実施例３−２）、２０分（実施例３−３）、３０分
（実施例３−４）、６０分（実施例３−５）および１２
０分（実施例３−６）浸漬して漂白処理を施した。ま
た、残りの２枚のうち、１枚には同じく４０℃、１２０
分間の漂白処理を施し（実施例３−７）、１枚には漂白
処理を施さなかった（比較例３）。漂白処理後のメープ
ル化粧材を、７０〜８０℃の温水に３０分間浸漬し、さ
らに流水で１０分間水洗した。次いで、洗浄された単板
を８０℃の熱盤上で５分間乾燥させた。Example 3, Comparative Example 3 To 1 L of an aqueous solution of about 0.2 N sodium hydroxide, 50 cc of 35% by weight hydrogen peroxide solution was added to prepare a bleaching solution. Eight maple decorative materials having a thickness of 0.2 mm were prepared, and six of them were prepared at 40 ° C. for 5 minutes (Example 3-1), 10 minutes (Example 3-2), and 20 minutes (Example). Example 3-3), 30 minutes (Example 3-4), 60 minutes (Example 3-5) and 12 minutes
It was immersed for 0 minutes (Example 3-6) to perform bleaching treatment. In addition, one of the remaining two sheets has the same temperature of 40 ° C and 120 ° C.
(Example 3-7), and one sheet was not subjected to the bleaching treatment (Comparative Example 3). The maple decorative material after the bleaching treatment was immersed in warm water at 70 to 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, and further washed with running water for 10 minutes. Next, the washed veneer was dried on a hot plate at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes.
【００３２】乾燥されたメープル化粧材（実施例３−１
〜３−６、比較例３）を、気相アセチル化処理装置を用
い、１６０℃の条件下で、無水酢酸によって６０分間ア
セチル化処理した。メープル化粧材のアセチル化度は、
重量増加率で５〜１５％と推定された。また、実施例３
−７のメープル化粧材については、同様のアセチル化処
理を２回施した。このメープル化粧材のアセチル化度
は、重量増加率で１５〜２５％と推定された。処理され
たメープル化粧材について、実施例１と同様に耐光試験
を行い、試験前後の色差を測定した。結果を表２に示
す。表中、変色の欄の◎は色差が４未満、○は色差が４
〜７、△は８〜１０、×は色差が１０を超えていること
を表す。Dried maple decorative material (Example 3-1)
３−3-6 and Comparative Example 3) were acetylated with acetic anhydride for 60 minutes at 160 ° C. using a gas phase acetylation apparatus. The degree of acetylation of maple cosmetics is
The weight gain was estimated to be 5-15%. Example 3
The same acetylation treatment was performed twice on the maple decorative material of -7. The degree of acetylation of this maple decorative material was estimated to be 15 to 25% by weight increase rate. The treated maple decorative material was subjected to a light resistance test in the same manner as in Example 1, and the color difference before and after the test was measured. Table 2 shows the results. In the table, in the column of discoloration, ◎ indicates a color difference of less than 4, and は indicates a color difference of 4.
７, △ indicates 8 to 10, and X indicates that the color difference exceeds 10.
【００３３】[0033]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３４】（実施例４）厚さ０．２ｍｍのウォールナ
ット化粧材を用いた以外は、実施例３と同様にして漂白
処理およびアセチル化処理を行い、実施例１と同様に耐
光試験を行い、試験前後の色差を測定した。ウォールナ
ット化粧材の場合は、漂白処理時間が６０分以上におい
て色差が７以下となり、耐光変色に好ましい効果が認め
られた。(Example 4) A bleaching treatment and an acetylation treatment were performed in the same manner as in Example 3 except that a walnut decorative material having a thickness of 0.2 mm was used, and a light resistance test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The color difference before and after the test was measured. In the case of walnut decorative material, the color difference became 7 or less when the bleaching treatment time was 60 minutes or more, and a favorable effect on light discoloration was recognized.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の木質材の
処理方法は、木質材に、漂白処理および、木質材中のフ
ェノール性水酸基を他の基に置換する置換処理を施す処
理方法であるので、漂白処理後の光や熱による木質材の
色戻り（濃色化）を大幅に抑えることができる。また、
前記置換処理が、アセチル化処理、オリゴエステル化処
理、エーテル化処理およびホルマール化処理からなる群
から選ばれるいずれかの処理であれば、このような効果
が効率よく発揮される。また、前記置換処理が、木質材
の漂白処理の後に行われるのであれば、木質材の他の基
に置換された部分のうち、その一部が漂白処理時にアル
カリによって加水分解されることがなく、効率よく木質
材の処理を行うことができる。As described above, the method for treating wood material according to the present invention is a treatment method in which a wood material is subjected to a bleaching treatment and a substitution treatment for replacing a phenolic hydroxyl group in the wood material with another group. As a result, the color return (darkening) of the wood material due to light or heat after the bleaching process can be significantly suppressed. Also,
If the substitution treatment is any treatment selected from the group consisting of an acetylation treatment, an oligoesterification treatment, an etherification treatment, and a formalization treatment, such effects are efficiently exhibited. In addition, if the replacement treatment is performed after the bleaching treatment of the wood material, a part of the portion substituted by other groups of the wood material is not hydrolyzed by alkali during the bleaching treatment. It is possible to efficiently process wood materials.
【００３６】また、漂白処理と置換処理との間に、木質
材を洗浄するようにすれば、残留した過酸化水素などに
よる塗膜などへの悪影響を抑えることができる。また、
洗浄後に木質材を乾燥すれば、アセチル化処理時に、残
留した水分によるアセチル化剤の無駄な消費を抑えるこ
とができる。また、前記置換処理がアセチル化処理であ
り、木質材のアセチル化度が５％以上であれば、木質材
の色戻り（濃色化）および色抜け（明色化）の両方を抑
制でき、しかも色戻りの抑制効果がさらに高くなる。Further, if the wood material is washed between the bleaching treatment and the replacement treatment, it is possible to suppress the adverse effect of the remaining hydrogen peroxide and the like on the coating film and the like. Also,
If the wood material is dried after the washing, wasteful consumption of the acetylating agent due to residual water during the acetylation treatment can be suppressed. In addition, when the substitution treatment is an acetylation treatment and the degree of acetylation of the wood material is 5% or more, both color return (darkening) and color omission (lightening) of the wood material can be suppressed, In addition, the effect of suppressing color return is further enhanced.
Claims (5)
フェノール性水酸基を他の基に置換する置換処理を施す
ことを特徴とする木質材の処理方法。1. A method for treating wood material, comprising subjecting the wood material to a bleaching treatment and a substitution treatment for replacing a phenolic hydroxyl group in the wood material with another group.
ゴエステル化処理、エーテル化処理およびホルマール化
処理からなる群から選ばれるいずれかの処理であること
を特徴とする請求項１記載の木質材の処理方法。2. The wood material according to claim 1, wherein the substitution treatment is any one selected from the group consisting of an acetylation treatment, an oligoesterification treatment, an etherification treatment, and a formalization treatment. Processing method.
特徴とする請求項１または請求項２記載の木質材の処理
方法。3. The method for treating wood material according to claim 1, wherein a replacement treatment is performed after the bleaching treatment.
洗浄および乾燥することを特徴とする請求項１ないし３
いずれか一項に記載の木質材の処理方法。4. The wood material is washed and dried between the bleaching process and the replacement process.
A method for treating woody material according to any one of the preceding claims.
木質材のアセチル化度が５％以上であることを特徴とす
る請求項１ないし４いずれか一項に記載の木質材の処理
方法。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the substitution treatment is an acetylation treatment.
The method for treating wood material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the acetylation degree of the wood material is 5% or more.
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| JP2000-369021 | 2000-12-04 | ||
| JP2000369021 | 2000-12-04 | ||
| JP2001370434A JP3567924B2 (en) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-12-04 | Wood treatment method |
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| JP3567924B2 JP3567924B2 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012531332A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2012-12-10 | イーストマン ケミカル カンパニー | Method for esterifying lignocellulosic materials |
| KR20200044547A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-29 | 현대자동차주식회사 | The method for inhibiting discoloration of real wood veneer for vehicle interior materials |
| CN114454280A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-10 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for adjusting chromatic aberration of wood veneer |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101993781B1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-07-01 | 주식회사휴플러스 | Method for decoloring merbau and device thereof |
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2001
- 2001-12-04 JP JP2001370434A patent/JP3567924B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012531332A (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2012-12-10 | イーストマン ケミカル カンパニー | Method for esterifying lignocellulosic materials |
| KR20200044547A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-29 | 현대자동차주식회사 | The method for inhibiting discoloration of real wood veneer for vehicle interior materials |
| KR102634404B1 (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2024-02-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | The method for inhibiting discoloration of real wood veneer for vehicle interior materials |
| CN114454280A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-05-10 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for adjusting chromatic aberration of wood veneer |
| CN114454280B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-05-23 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for adjusting chromatic aberration of wood veneer |
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