JP2002227883A - Power transmission device in hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To carry out an efficient regenerating operation by realizing a smooth starting. SOLUTION: A first clutch 2 is built in between an engine 1 and a motor 9 which assists a rotation of the engine 1. The first clutch 2 is made to be a combination clutch of a powder clutch 20 and a one-way clutch 30, and at starting of the hybrid vehicle, the powder clutch 20 is in coupling state to realize the smooth starting. When the coupling of the powder clutch 20 allows an input shaft 11 and an output shaft 12 to synchronously rotate, the one-way clutch 30 is in a coupling state, and after the coupling, the powder clutch 20 is in a coupling disengaging state to transmit a rotation of the input shaft 11 to the output shaft 12 via the one-way clutch 30. At the regenerating operation of the motor 9 at braking time in the hybrid vehicle, an instantaneous coupling disengagement of the one-way clutch 30 is carried out thereby preventing an inverse input torque from a wheel from being transmitted to the engine.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle in which wheels are driven by a combination of a driving force of an engine and a driving force of a motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 shows a known hybrid vehicle of this type. The hybrid vehicle shown in this example is a so-called parallel type, in which rotation from an engine 1 is input to a transmission 3 and rotation output from the transmission 3 is transmitted to wheels 6 via a clutch 4. The motor 9 is incorporated in the power transmission system, and the motor 9 is driven according to the running state of the vehicle to assist the running of the vehicle with the engine 1 as the main power.

In the above-mentioned parallel type hybrid vehicle, when the vehicle is decelerated, the motor 9 is driven by rotation from the wheels 6, and the motor 9 is used as a generator to perform a regenerative motion for charging the battery 7. I have to.

[0004]

By the way, in the conventional parallel-type hybrid vehicle shown in FIG. 6, during a regenerative motion in which the motor 9 is rotated by the rotation from the wheel 6, the reverse input torque from the wheel 6 causes the engine to rotate. 1
And the motor 9 cannot be efficiently regenerated.

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle capable of smoothly starting and performing an efficient regenerative motion.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, a motor that operates using a battery as a power source is incorporated in a power transmission system for transmitting rotation of an engine to wheels, and the motor and the engine are connected to each other. A power transmission device in a hybrid vehicle that drives a vehicle as a driving source and causes the motor to regenerate by reverse input torque transmitted from the wheels to the engine side when the vehicle is braked. An input shaft to which the rotation of the engine is transmitted, an output shaft which is arranged coaxially with the input shaft and transmits the rotation transmitted from the input shaft to the wheel side, and a clutch between the two shafts. A control type slip clutch that couples the input shaft and the output shaft while causing slip by being incorporated in the output shaft, and transmitting the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft, Than it was to use a composite clutch having a one-way clutch control type to block the transmission of rotation to the input shaft from.

Here, a powder clutch or a wet multi-plate clutch can be employed as the control type slip clutch in the composite clutch.

Further, as a one-way clutch, a roller is engaged with a narrow portion of a wedge space formed between the opposed surfaces of both shafts by controlling a retainer incorporated between the opposed surfaces of the input shaft and the output shaft. Instead, an overrunning one-way roller clutch that transmits the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft or a sprag-type one-way clutch that transmits the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft via a sprag can be employed.

[0009] In the power transmission device having the above configuration, when the hybrid vehicle is started, the control type slip clutch is made to be engaged while slipping so that the vehicle can be started smoothly. Then, when the input shaft and the output shaft rotate synchronously, the one-way clutch is engaged, and after the engagement, the wet multi-plate clutch is released, and the rotation of the engine is transmitted to the wheel side via the one-way clutch. I do.

Here, the clutch for transmitting the rotation of the engine to the wheels when the hybrid vehicle is traveling at a constant speed is a one-way clutch. Therefore, when braking the hybrid vehicle, the rotation speed of the wheels exceeds the rotation speed of the engine. Then, the one-way clutch is instantly switched to the disengaged state, and when the hybrid vehicle is accelerated after braking and the engine speed exceeds the wheel speed, the one-way clutch is instantly switched to the disengaged state.

As described above, since the one-way clutch is instantaneously switched to the engaged and disengaged states by deceleration and acceleration of the hybrid vehicle, it is possible to prevent the reverse input torque from the wheels from being transmitted to the engine. Thus, the motor can be efficiently regenerated.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a parallel type hybrid vehicle. This hybrid vehicle transmits rotation from an engine 1 to an input shaft of a transmission 3 via a first clutch 2, transmits rotation of an output shaft of the transmission 3 to a differential 5 via a second clutch 4, Is rotated.

A battery 7 is used as a power source between the first clutch 2 and the transmission 3, and a controller 8
A motor 9 controlled by the engine 1 is incorporated, and the motor 9 is driven according to the running state of the vehicle to assist the running of the vehicle with the engine 1 as the main power.

FIGS. 2 to 4 show the details of the first clutch 2 incorporated between the engine 1 and the motor 9. The first clutch 2 has an input shaft 11 to which the rotation of the engine 1 is transmitted, and a cylindrical output shaft 12 provided coaxially with the input shaft 11. It is relatively rotatably supported via two bearings 13.

Between the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 12, a powder clutch 20 as a control type slip clutch and a control type one-way clutch 30 are incorporated.

In the powder clutch 20, a chamber 22 having an annular electromagnet 21 as an outer peripheral wall is formed on the output shaft 12, a rotor 23 made of a magnetic material is mounted on the input shaft 11, and the chamber 23 is mounted on an outer peripheral portion of the rotor 23. A rotor 23 is provided which rotates within the chamber 22. By energizing the electromagnet 21, a powder made of magnetic powder contained in the chamber 22 is adsorbed and the rotor 23 rotates integrally with the input shaft 11 via the powder. Is transmitted to the output shaft 12. The powder clutch 20 generates a slip between the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 12 while
Is transmitted to the output shaft 12.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the one-way clutch 30 comprises a one-way roller clutch. The one-way clutch 30 is provided with a cylindrical surface 31 on the inner periphery of the output shaft 12, and a cam that forms a wedge space between the large-diameter shaft portion 11 a provided on the input shaft 11 and the cylindrical surface 31. A surface 34 is formed, and a pocket 34 is provided at a position facing the cam surface 32 in a retainer 33 incorporated between the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 12, and a roller 35 is incorporated in the pocket 34. In.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a spring accommodating recess 36 is formed on the end surface of the large-diameter shaft portion 11a, and outer ends of the arc-shaped switch spring 37 accommodated in the spring accommodating recess 36 are provided at both ends. A pair of engaging pieces 38 facing in the direction is provided, and the engaging pieces 38 are inserted into a notch 39 formed on the peripheral wall of the spring accommodating recess 36 and a notch 40 formed on the end face of the retainer 33, and the switch is provided. A pair of engagement pieces 38 of the spring 37 presses the end faces of the notches 39 and 40 in the circumferential direction by the action of the rollers 35 so that the roller 35 is moved by the cylindrical surface 31 and the cam surface 3.
2 is held at a neutral position where it is disengaged.

Here, when the retainer 33 is held at the neutral position, an engaging pin 41 provided on the large-diameter shaft portion 11a of the input shaft 11 is formed on the retainer 33 as shown in FIG. The input shaft 11 and the holder 33 are relatively rotated in one direction in a range where the engaging pin 41 is engaged with the other end of the pin hole 42 in the circumferential direction. I am getting it.

The cage 3 in the one-way clutch 30
3, the rotation is controlled by a rotation control mechanism 50 provided on one side thereof. The rotation control mechanism 50 includes an electromagnet 51 fixed to the inner periphery of the output shaft 12,
An armature 52 that is attracted and released by the electromagnet 51, a detent ring 53 that stops the armature 52 from rotating with respect to the holder 33 and supports the armature 52 so as to be movable in the axial direction,
And a spring 54 that presses in a direction away from the first.

The detent ring 53 has an engagement claw 55 on its outer periphery. The engagement claw 55 is fitted into the notch 40 formed on the end face of the retainer 33, and the detent ring 53 is fitted by the fitting. Is stopped against the retainer 33.
The engagement claw 55 is slidably fitted in an engagement hole 56 formed in the armature 52, and the armature 52 is prevented from rotating with respect to the retainer 33 by the fitting, and is supported movably in the axial direction. Have been.

The spring 54 is supported on the input shaft 11,
The armature 52 is separated from the electromagnet 51 by pressing a spring seat 57 attached to the inner diameter of the armature 52.

When transmitting the rotation of the engine 1 to the transmission 3, the first clutch 2 having the above structure
The electromagnet 21 of the powder clutch 20 is energized to couple the powder clutch 20.

At this time, the retainer 33 of the one-way clutch 30 is held in a neutral state in which the engagement pin 41 is engaged with one end of the pin hole 42 by the action of the switch spring 37, and the roller 35 is The surface 32 is held in a disengaged state.

When the powder clutch 20 is engaged, the powder clutch 20 transmits the rotation of the input shaft 11 to the output shaft 12 while slipping, so that the hybrid vehicle starts smoothly.

When the rotation of the input shaft 11 is transmitted to the output shaft 12 via the powder clutch 20, the one-way clutch 3
The zero holder 33 rotates integrally with the input shaft 11 while being held at the neutral position by the switch spring 37.

When the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 12 rotate synchronously, power is supplied to the electromagnet 51 of the rotation control mechanism 50 that controls the retainer 33 of the one-way clutch 30.

The electromagnet 51 attracts the armature 52 by the energization, and the holder 33 is prevented from rotating by the attraction, and the input shaft 11 rotates relative to the holder 33.

Due to the relative rotation of the input shaft 11 and the retainer 33, the roller 35 is moved to the cylindrical surface 31 as shown in FIG.
And the rotation of the input shaft 11 is transmitted to the output shaft 12 via the roller 35. After the transmission, the power supply to the electromagnet 21 of the powder clutch 20 is cut off, and the powder clutch 20 is brought into the disengaged state.

In a constant speed running state of the hybrid vehicle,
The rotation of the engine 1 is transmitted to the wheels 6 via the one-way clutch 30 of the first clutch 2.

When the hybrid vehicle is braked from the constant speed running state and the rotation speed of the wheels 6 exceeds the rotation speed of the engine 1, the motor 9 is rotated by the reverse input torque from the wheels 6, and the motor 9 is driven by the generator. A regenerative motion that plays the role of charging the battery 7 occurs.

At this time, in the first clutch 2, since the rotation speed of the output shaft 12 exceeds the rotation speed of the input shaft 11,
Slip occurs between the cylindrical surface 31 of the output shaft 12 and the roller 35, and the reverse input torque from the wheel 6 is instantaneously shut off.

As a result, the reverse input torque is not transmitted to the engine 1, and the motor 9 can be efficiently regenerated.

After the hybrid vehicle is braked, the vehicle is accelerated next, and when the rotation speed of the input shaft 11 in the first clutch 2 exceeds the rotation speed of the output shaft 12, the roller 35 is moved to the cylindrical surface 3.
1 and the cam surface 32, and the rotation of the input shaft 11 is instantaneously transmitted to the output shaft 12 via the roller 35.

As described above, since the first clutch 2 is a composite clutch of the control type powder clutch 20 and the control type one-way clutch 30, the powder clutch 20 is operated when the hybrid vehicle starts moving, so that the first clutch 2 is operated smoothly. A start is obtained, and the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 12
When the one-way clutch 30 is rotated synchronously, the one-way clutch 30 is engaged, the powder clutch 20 is disengaged, and the one-way clutch 30 is switched to the one-way clutch 30 to interrupt the reverse input torque or reduce the input torque. Since the transmitting operation is performed instantaneously, the regenerative movement of the motor 9 can be efficiently performed.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the control type slip clutch for transmitting the rotation of the input shaft 11 to the output shaft 12 when the hybrid vehicle starts moving is constituted by the powder clutch 20, but the slip clutch is not limited to this. Not something. For example, a wet multi-plate clutch 60 as shown in FIG. 5 may be used. In this wet multi-plate clutch 60, a cylinder chamber 61 is provided on the end face of the output shaft 12, and a piston 62 is slidably incorporated in the cylinder chamber 61. On the other hand, the input shaft 11 is arranged to face the end face of the output shaft 12. A disk portion 63 is provided, and the cylinder chamber 6 is provided on a side surface of the disk portion 63.
1 to form a cylindrical portion 64 disposed therein.
A plurality of friction plates 65 that are fitted into the cylinder chamber, are prevented from rotating, and are slidably supported in the axial direction;
A plurality of friction plates 67 fitted and stopped in the outer peripheral wall 66 and supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction are alternately arranged, and a cylinder chamber is formed through an oil supply passage 68 formed in the output shaft 12. The hydraulic pressure supplied to the piston 61
2 and presses the friction plates 65 and 67 via the piston 62 and the disc spring 69 to rotate the input shaft 11 to the output shaft 12 via the frictional force acting on the contact portion between the friction plates 65 and 67. I try to tell. Further, when the supply of the hydraulic pressure to the oil supply passage 68 is stopped, the piston 62 is retracted by the elastic force of the spring 70 so that the pressing on the friction plates 65 and 67 is released.

Further, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the retainer 33 of the one-way clutch 2 is controlled by the electromagnet 51, but the retainer may be controlled by hydraulic pressure instead of the electromagnet 51.

Further, the overrunning type one-way roller clutch is shown as the one-way clutch 30, but a sprag is incorporated between the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the input shaft and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the output shaft, and the sprag is inserted through the sprag. A sprag-type one-way clutch that transmits the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft may be used.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, the clutch provided between the engine and the motor is a composite clutch composed of a slip clutch and a one-way clutch.
When the hybrid vehicle is started, the slip clutch is engaged so that the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft, so that the hybrid vehicle can be started very smoothly.

When the input shaft and the output shaft rotate synchronously, the one-way clutch is engaged, and after the engagement, the slip clutch is released and the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft via the one-way clutch. As a result, when braking the hybrid vehicle, the reverse input torque from the wheels can be instantaneously cut off, and the regenerative motion of the motor can be efficiently performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission device in a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a first clutch shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 (I) is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2;
(II) is a sectional view showing the engaged state of the one-way roller clutch.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing another example of the first clutch.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power transmission device in a conventional hybrid vehicle.

[Description of Signs] 1 Engine 2 First clutch 6 Wheel 7 Battery 9 Motor 11 Input shaft 12 Output shaft 20 Powder clutch (slip clutch) 30 One-way clutch 33 Cage 35 Roller 60 Wet multi-plate clutch (slip clutch)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A motor that operates using a battery as a power source is incorporated in a power transmission system that transmits rotation of an engine to wheels.
A power transmission device in a hybrid vehicle, in which a vehicle is driven by using the motor and the engine as a drive source, and at the time of braking of the vehicle, the motor is regenerated by a reverse input torque transmitted from the wheels to the engine. A clutch is incorporated between the motor and an input shaft to which the rotation of the engine is transmitted, and an output shaft which is arranged coaxially with the input shaft and transmits the rotation transmitted from the input shaft to the wheel side. , A control type slip clutch that is incorporated between the two shafts and couples the input shaft and the output shaft while causing a slip, and transmitting the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft,
A power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle, comprising a composite clutch having a control type one-way clutch for interrupting transmission of rotation from an output shaft to an input shaft. 2. A power transmission device in a hybrid vehicle, wherein the control type slip clutch in the composite clutch comprises a powder clutch. 3. The power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the control type slip clutch in the composite clutch comprises a wet multi-plate clutch. 4. The one-way clutch engages a roller in a narrow portion of a wedge space formed between opposed surfaces of a surface shaft by controlling a retainer incorporated between opposed surfaces of an input shaft and an output shaft. 4. An overrunning type one-way roller clutch for transmitting the rotation of an input shaft to an output shaft by engaging the input shaft.
A power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle according to any one of the above.