JP2002214034A - Device and method for computing and confirming vibration level of high-speed rotary equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for easily and accurately computing the level of equipment self-vibration in cylindrical mode that high-speed rotary equipment causes by relatively high-speed rotation. SOLUTION: This vibration level computing and confirming device 1 has a rotational frequency detecting means 5, a vibration detecting means 6, a filter 7 which passes only a vibration output of the frequency band of vibration in conic mode, and an arithmetic means 8 which computes the vibration level of the equipment in the conic mode from the vibration output passed through the filter 7 and then linearly converts the vibration level in the conic mode to compute the vibration level of the equipment in the cylindrical mode. The vibration level in the cylindrical mode is computed according to linear correlation characteristics found between the vibration level in the conic mode and the vibration level in the cylindrical level. The rotary equipment needs not be placed in high-rotating operation wherein vibration in the cylindrical mode is caused and the vibration level in the cylindrical mode which is a problem regarding noise is easily and accurately confirmed and can be utilized for shipment management.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for calculating and confirming the magnitude of self-excited vibration of a high-speed rotating device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for the purpose of preventing the vibration of a rotating device and the accompanying noise, balance adjustment has been carried out by a method using a field balance or a method using a balance tester. However, these methods are, for example, inefficient for the former, and for the latter in the case of equipment that requires disassembly and assembly of the rotor, etc.
When the rotor is put in the housing, the balance is out of order at the time of assembly, so that it is difficult to correct the balance with high accuracy. In particular, in the case of a rotor that requires disassembly and reassembly such as a turbocharger and the number of rotations exceeds several hundred thousand rotations per minute, if the rotor rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force becomes the square of the number of rotations even with a slight imbalance. As a result, vibration and noise are generated in the surrounding housing. In order to solve these problems, the prior art (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 6-82328) proposes a method for efficiently correcting imbalance in a state where the rotor is incorporated in a rotating device. that is,
A high-speed rotating device to be balanced is mounted on a rigid table supported by a support spring, and the imbalance is corrected by detecting the amount of vibration of the rigid table near the resonance frequency due to the rotation of the high-speed rotating device. It is.

[0003]

However, in the prior art means, the primary vibration of rotation (i.e., the vibration having the frequency equal to the rotation speed) and the accompanying noise can be reduced by the imbalance correction, but the bearing is not capable of being rotated. The vibration and noise due to the self-excited vibration of the rotor due to the action of the oil film cannot be controlled, and the noise due to the self-excited vibration of the rotor may become a problem after mounting on a vehicle or the like.

There are two types of self-excited vibration generated by a rotor of a high-speed rotating machine: a conical mode generated at a relatively low rotation speed and a cylindrical mode generated at a relatively high rotation speed. The vibration causes a noise called a whirling sound. For this reason, if it is attempted to directly measure and manage the vibration level (for example, amplitude, etc.) in the cylindrical mode at the time of shipment of the rotating equipment, it is necessary to operate up to a high rotation speed, which complicates the configuration of the measuring device or makes the measurement difficult. The problem that time and effort is required arises.

In the present invention, in view of the above problems, it is possible to simply and accurately calculate the vibration level of self-excited vibration of the rotor, particularly the vibration of the equipment caused by the cylindrical mode vibration generated at a relatively high rotation speed. And a method and apparatus for checking and calculating the vibration level of a high-speed rotating device that can be used for shipping management.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the means described in claim 1 can be adopted.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the vibration level of the equipment vibration caused by the self-excited vibration in the conical mode of the rotor generated at a relatively low rotation (ie, the vibration level of the equipment in the conical mode) is reduced. Based on this, it is possible to calculate the vibration level of the device vibration caused by the self-excited vibration in the cylindrical mode of the rotor generated at a relatively high rotation (ie, the device vibration level in the cylindrical mode). This is calculated based on a linear correlation characteristic as shown in FIG. 2 found between the device vibration level in the conical mode and the device vibration level in the cylindrical mode.

[0008] Therefore, by the device according to claim 1,
Without actually operating high-speed rotating equipment at high rotations that generate cylindrical mode vibrations, it is possible to easily and accurately check the vibration level in the cylindrical mode, which is a noise problem, and use this for shipping management. Can be used.

In the same manner, according to the method of the fourth aspect, the motor is generated at a relatively high rotation speed based on the vibration level of the vibration of the equipment caused by the self-excited vibration in the conical mode of the rotor generated at a relatively low rotation speed. Calculates the vibration level of the vibration of the device caused by the self-excited vibration of the cylindrical mode of the rotor, so that the high-speed rotating device is simply and accurately operated without operating at a high rotation at which the vibration of the cylindrical mode actually occurs. The vibration level in the cylindrical mode, which is a problem in noise, can be confirmed, and this can be used for shipping management.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Before describing the configuration of the apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, matters related to vibration generated by a high-speed rotating device such as a turbocharger and noise associated therewith, which are very closely related to the present invention. explain. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustratively and conceptually showing a relationship between the frequency of the vibration component of the vibration of the high-speed rotating device and the number of rotations of the rotor of the high-speed rotating device. The straight lines and curves shown in the figure show the relationship between the number of rotations at which the vibration occurs and the frequency of the generated vibration, and the size of each circle through which the straight line and the curve pass is the magnitude of the vibration level of the vibration. (For example, amplitude). For the sake of representation, these circles are shown discontinuously along the straight line and the curve in the figure, but the magnitude of the actual vibration level depends on each of the adjacent circles between the adjacent circles. It varies continuously at vibration levels between the relative vibration levels indicated by the magnitudes.

As shown in FIG. 1, the vibration generated from the high-speed rotating equipment is a primary vibration of rotation caused by imbalance of the rotor, that is, a vibration having a frequency equal to the number of rotations (shown by a "primary" straight line). And self-excited vibration of the rotor due to the effect of the oil film of the bearing. Further, there are two types of self-excited vibrations: a conical mode generated at a relatively low rotation and a cylindrical mode generated at a relatively high rotation (the self-excited vibration of the conical mode generates the conical mode more specifically). Conical mode vibration caused by the half-whirl phenomenon that occurs in the low rotational speed range of rotational speed, and conical mode vibration caused by the oil whip phenomenon in the high rotational speed range that generates the conical mode. In the specification, for the sake of convenience of description, the case of self-excited vibration in a conical mode refers to the latter vibration). As shown in FIG. 1, the frequencies of the vibrations generated in the conical mode and the cylindrical mode are substantially constant for the same vibration system (rotating device) regardless of the number of rotations at which the vibration occurs in each mode. The frequency of vibration in the cylindrical mode is higher than the frequency of vibration in the conical mode. As described above, the self-excited vibration mainly in the cylindrical mode is a cause of noise called whirling noise or the like.

As a matter of course, even with the same type of rotating equipment, the vibration level due to self-excited vibration is different because the bearing clearance differs for each equipment. The inventors relate to vibration generated by self-excited vibration in a high-speed rotating device such as a turbocharger, and the vibration level of the device vibration generated by self-excited vibration in the conical mode of the rotor (that is, the device vibration level in the conical mode). In general, there is a linear correlation between the vibration level of the vibration of the device generated by the self-excited vibration of the rotor in the cylindrical mode (that is, the vibration level of the device in the cylindrical mode) as shown in FIG. Was found. FIG. 2 shows a plurality of rotating devices of the same type, in which the vibration at the rotation speed at which self-excited vibration in the conical mode and the cylindrical mode is measured for each device, and the vibration output in each mode is derived from the measured vibration output. The vibration level in each mode is obtained and the value is plotted.
In the case of FIG. 2, measurement is performed on nine devices to obtain a characteristic straight line. As shown in FIG. 2, the machine vibration level in the cylindrical mode that occurs when the rotor rotates at a relatively high speed is proportional to the machine vibration level that occurs in the conical mode when the rotor rotates at a relatively low speed. Accordingly, if the correlation characteristics as shown in FIG. 2 for the target vibration system (that is, the rotating device) are determined, the correlation characteristics are used for the same type of vibration system (that is, the same type of rotating device). Then, by measuring the device vibration level in the conical mode generated at a relatively low rotation speed, it is possible to calculate the device vibration level in the cylindrical mode generated at a relatively high rotation speed and causing noise.

The present invention utilizes such a principle, and a description will be given below of a turbocharger vibration level calculation confirmation device as an example of a device configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows an apparatus 1 for checking and calculating the vibration level of a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vibration level calculation confirmation device 1 includes a mounting housing 2 fixed to a stand (not shown) in which a turbocharger 3 in a semi-assembled state, which is a device to be measured, is fixed with a clasp 4, and a turbocharger 3 in the semi-assembled state. A rotational speed detecting means 5 for detecting a rotational speed and a reference phase, a vibration detecting means 6 attached to the mounting housing 2 for measuring vibration, and an output of the vibration detecting means 6 (that is, a vibration output), The filter 7 has a filter 7 that allows only the output of the frequency band of the vibration caused by the self-excited vibration in the conical mode, and a calculating unit 8 that calculates the vibration level in the cylindrical mode based on the output of the vibration in the conical mode obtained through the filter 7. It is composed. More specifically, the calculating means 8 first converts the vibration in the cone mode of the rotor based on the vibration output of the vibration of the turbocharger (device) 3 caused by the self-excited vibration in the cone mode of the rotor obtained through the filter 7. The vibration level (amplitude, etc.) of the device attributable to this is calculated. Then, based on the calculated vibration level in the conical mode, the vibration level is calculated in advance in the conical mode for the device of the same type as the device to be measured input to the calculating means 8 in advance. The apparatus vibration level in the cylindrical mode is calculated using the above-described correlation between the apparatus vibration level of the apparatus and the apparatus vibration level in the cylindrical mode.

The turbocharger 3 in the semi-assembled state is roughly composed of a rotating body and a housing for rotatably supporting the rotating body. The rotating body includes a rotating shaft 32, a turbine rotor 31 joined to one end of the rotating shaft 32, and a compressor rotor 33 fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 32. Through the rotating shaft 32 and fastened and fixed by the nut 34. The rotating body is supported by the center housing 35. In actual use, the turbine housing and the compressor housing are mounted on both sides of the center housing 35, respectively. The center housing 35 supports the rotating shaft 32 by bearings 36 provided at two places. An oil supply pipe 9a extending from an oil supply source (not shown) is disposed at an opening communicating with the oil supply passage 35a so as to supply lubricating oil to these bearings 36, and a lower oil discharge port 35b is provided.
Is provided with an oil discharge pipe 9b.

Next, the operation of calculating the vibration level of the apparatus in the cylindrical mode and the use of the calculated value for determining whether or not the shipment is possible will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. At the start of the operation shown in FIG.
The correlation characteristics between the device vibration level in the conical mode and the device vibration level in the cylindrical mode as described above for devices of the same type as the device to be measured, and the cylindrical shape of the device to be measured used to determine whether shipment is possible. The threshold value of the device vibration level in the mode has already been input.

When the operation shown in FIG. 4 is started, first, in step 1, the turbocharger, which is the device to be measured, is adjusted to its rotation speed within the range in which the rotor generates vibration in the conical mode (for example, vibration as shown in FIG. 1). In the case of a device having characteristics, the device is operated while changing (sweeping) at 50,000 to 100,000 rpm, and the vibration of the device generated by the rotation of the rotating shaft 32 is measured by the vibration detecting means 6. The measured vibration output is sent to the filter 7. Next, in step 2, of the vibration outputs measured by the vibration detecting means 6, only the vibration output in the frequency band of the vibration of the device due to the vibration in the conical mode of the rotor is extracted by the filter 7. For example, in the case of a device having a vibration characteristic as shown in FIG.
Preferably, a low-pass filter that passes vibration output of 600 Hz or less, or a band-pass filter that passes 400 to 600 Hz. The vibration output that has passed through the filter 7 is sent to the calculation means 8. Next, in step 3, the calculating means 8 frequency-analyzes the vibration output in the frequency band of the device vibration due to the conical mode vibration of the rotor extracted by the filter 7, and in step 4, the rotor self-oscillates in the conical mode. The vibration level of the resulting device vibration, that is, the device vibration level (for example, amplitude) in the conical mode is calculated. The calculation of the device vibration level in the conical mode is performed based on the vibration output at a predetermined rotor rotation speed, and the maximum vibration level (frequency is arbitrary) obtained therefrom can be used as the device vibration level in the conical mode. Or,
The calculation is performed based on the vibration output at the rotation speed at which the maximum vibration level (frequency is arbitrary) is obtained from among the vibration outputs obtained by all the measurements performed while changing the rotor rotation speed, and the maximum vibration level ( The frequency of the vibration may be arbitrary, and the device vibration level in the conical mode may be used (that is, the vibration level which is the largest among the vibration levels calculated from the vibration outputs obtained by all the measurements performed while changing the rotor speed). (The frequency is arbitrary) is the device vibration level in the conical mode.) Preferably, of these two vibration levels, there is a higher correlation with the vibration level of the machine vibration due to the cylindrical mode vibration of the rotor, which is a problem under actual use conditions, and more precisely the machine vibration due to the cylindrical mode vibration of the rotor. Is used as the base value for calculating the device vibration level in the cylindrical mode.

Next, in step 5, the apparatus vibration level in the conical mode of the rotor and the apparatus vibration level in the cylindrical mode of the rotor as shown in FIG. Step 4 using the correlation property
The apparatus vibration level (base value) in the conical mode calculated in the above is linearly converted to calculate the apparatus vibration level in the cylindrical mode.

Finally, in step 6, it is determined whether or not the device vibration level in the cylindrical mode calculated in step 5 is equal to or less than a threshold value determined from the device vibration level in the cylindrical mode that poses a problem under actual use conditions. Is determined to determine whether shipment is possible.

According to the above-described procedure, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to calculate or estimate the vibration level caused by the self-excited vibration of the rotary shaft 32 in the cylindrical mode and the level of the accompanying noise, and manage the shipment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustratively and conceptually showing the relationship between the frequency of various vibrations generated by a high-speed rotating device such as a turbocharger and the rotor speed of the high-speed rotating device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a vibration level (amplitude) of device vibration caused by self-excited vibration in a conical mode of a rotor of a high-speed rotating device and a vibration level of device vibration caused by self-excited vibration in a cylindrical mode of a rotor; FIG. 9 is a diagram of a correlation characteristic showing a correlation with (amplitude).

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a vibration level calculation confirmation device for a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a calculation operation of a device vibration level in a cylindrical mode and a use of the calculated value for determining whether shipment is possible according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vibration level calculation confirmation device 2 ... Mounting housing 3 ... Turbocharger in a semi-assembled state 4 ... Clamp 5 ... Rotation speed detecting means 6 ... Vibration detecting means 7 ... Filter 8 ... Calculating means 9a ... Oil supply pipe 9b ... Oil discharge Pipe 31 Turbine rotor 32 Rotary shaft 33 Compressor rotor 34 Nut 35 Center housing 35 a Oil supply path 35 b Oil outlet 36 Bearing

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued from the front page (72) Inventor Takanori Fukuda 1 Toyota Town, Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture Toyota Motor Corporation F-term (reference) 2G024 AD04 BA15 CA13 DA09 FA02 FA06 2G064 AA17 AB02 AB15 AB22 BA02 BD17 CC06 CC13 CC41 CC47 CC57 DD32 3G005 EA16 FA12 FA27 GB55 GB73 JA40

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A device for calculating and confirming a vibration level of vibration of a high-speed rotating device caused by self-excited vibration of a rotor in a cylindrical mode, wherein the rotating speed and the reference phase of the rotor are detected. A number detection unit, a vibration detection unit attached to the device for measuring the vibration of the device, and transmitting a vibration output; and a vibration output unit connected to the vibration detection unit, among the vibration outputs from the vibration detection unit, A filter that passes only vibration output in the frequency band of the vibration of the device caused by self-excited vibration in the conical mode, and connected to the filter, based on the vibration output obtained through the filter, Calculating the vibration level of the vibration of the device caused by the self-excited vibration of the rotor, and then linearly converting the vibration level in the conical mode to the self-excited vibration of the rotor in the cylindrical mode. A calculating means for calculating the vibration level of the vibration of the device to cause the vibration level calculation check unit. 2. A vibration level of vibration of a device caused by self-excited vibration in a conical mode of the rotor is calculated based on a vibration output at a predetermined rotation speed of the rotor among vibration outputs obtained through the filter. The device of claim 1, wherein 3. The vibration level of the vibration of the device caused by self-excited vibration in the conical mode of the rotor is determined by the rotation speed of the rotor at which the vibration level becomes the maximum among the vibration outputs obtained through the filter. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is calculated based on the vibration output. 4. A method for calculating and confirming a vibration level of vibration of a high-speed rotating device caused by self-excited vibration of a rotor in a cylindrical mode, wherein the device has a rotation speed at which the rotor vibrates in a conical mode. Measuring only the vibration output of the frequency band of the vibration caused by the vibration in the conical mode of the rotor from the vibration output obtained by the measurement, based on the extracted vibration output, Calculate the vibration level of the vibration of the device caused by the self-excited vibration in the conical mode, and then linearly convert the vibration level in the conical mode to linearly convert the vibration of the device due to the self-excited vibration of the rotor in the cylindrical mode. A vibration level calculation / confirmation method including the steps of calculating a vibration level of vibration.