JP2002201693A - Automatic solid-liquid separation device and simple toilet using it - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic solid-liquid separation device completing solid-liquid separation before disposal of excrement and a simple toilet using it. SOLUTION: The device includes a device body 11 formed with a through hole 11 vertically penetrating it, and a constriction 12 is formed at the vertical center of the device body 10. The portion of the body under the constriction 12 increases in diameter for a broadening shape. Solid excrement S is made to fall vertically after passing through the constriction 12, while liquid excrement L is made to flow down the inner wall of the broadening shape and outside the area where the solid excrement drops.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of human waste treatment, and in particular, uses a solid-liquid automatic separation apparatus for efficiently processing human waste separated from a toilet bowl by separating it into solids and liquids, and using the same. About simple toilet.

[0002] The range of use of the portable toilet of the present invention is wide, and includes, for example, disaster areas, public facilities (parks, etc.), improvement, parking lots, exhibition halls, construction sites, leisure facilities, exercise halls, villas, It can be used as a supermarket, convenience store, outdoor toilet for office, etc.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the treatment of human waste in an outdoor-installed simple toilet of this type has been performed by collecting manure flushed with flushing water from a toilet bowl together with solid and liquid in the same tank, and simultaneously forming a solid and liquid coagulant. , Filter materials, reactants and other processing agents
It follows the regeneration circulation path of each liquid component.

[0004]

However, since the solid-liquid integrated treatment has been conventionally performed simultaneously, a processing action specialized for the solid and liquid components cannot be expected, and the regenerated product tends to remain incomplete. In order to compensate for this, use of a further treating agent or the like is required. This has the problem of lowering cost performance and leading to environmental pollution.

[0005] Further, in order for a toilet to be flush-type, it is indispensable to provide a sewer system. However, an area where drain pipes are not provided is more necessary for a simple toilet, and it is difficult to wash a simple toilet with water. Met. For this reason, simple toilets in such areas have to be of the type where human waste is embedded or disposed in a container and discarded. Not only the need for maintenance (labor cost), but also the cause of pollution such as hygiene problems and odors Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a flush-type toilet that does not require a sewer and that recycles the washing water for flushing human waste.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
Provide a solid-liquid automatic separation device capable of separating solid and liquid components in a process prior to processing, and a simple toilet using the same, in order to perform processing specialized for each of solid and liquid components of night soil Is to do.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided an automatic solid-liquid separation apparatus for separating human waste from a toilet bowl into solid and liquid components. An apparatus main body in which a through-hole penetrating vertically is formed, and the through-hole has a constricted portion in a central portion in the vertical direction,
The hem-spreading shape is such that the portion below the constricted portion gradually expands, and solids of night soil are allowed to drop directly after passing through the constricted portion of the through-hole, and liquid of night soil is transmitted along the inner wall of the skirt-spreading shape. In addition, the solid material is configured to flow down to the outside of the falling area.

Preferably, a plurality of vertically extending and recessed portions are provided on the inner wall of the through hole in the circumferential direction, and the unevenness is preferably twisted in the up and down direction.
Furthermore, the uneven portion is inclined so that the torsion angle is gradually increased from the upper end of the apparatus body toward the constricted portion, and is gradually inclined from the constricted portion toward the outlet side such that the torsion angle is gradually reduced. It is effective to have an S-shaped curve. Further, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the uneven portion is a wave shape, and it is preferable that the depth is set to about 3.0 mm.

It is preferable that a solid component receiving portion for receiving the solid component of the separated human waste and a liquid component receiving portion for receiving the liquid component are provided below the apparatus main body.

On the other hand, the simplified toilet of the present invention comprises a washing tank for storing washing water for washing human waste, a toilet bowl, a solid-liquid automatic separation apparatus connected to the toilet bowl, and this solid-liquid automatic separation apparatus. A configuration including a solid processing tank for processing solids separated by the apparatus, a liquid processing tank for processing liquid, and a circulation pump for pumping regenerated water processed in the liquid processing tank and sending it to the washing water tank. It has become. As a result of performing the treatment by automatically separating the solid and the liquid, it can be confirmed that the treated water can be used as the washing water, and the water supply and drainage work becomes unnecessary, and the effective use of water resources can be achieved. . In addition, 100V power supply, generator, and natural energy such as solar and wind power can be used, and the circulating system using a filter material (microorganisms) developed by our company makes maintenance and replenishment easy. Has been realized.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of a simple toilet using the solid-liquid automatic separation device of the present invention. That is, this toilet is a flush type, and a washing tank A for storing washing water for washing human waste, a toilet B, a solid-liquid automatic separation device C of the present invention connected to the toilet B, and a solid-liquid automatic separation A fermenter D as a solid processing tank for agitating and fermenting the solid separated by the apparatus C, a filtration tank E as a liquid processing tank for filtering the liquid, and a filtration tank E A circulation pump G that pumps up the reclaimed water and sends it to the washing water tank A, and a surplus tank F that collects and renders the harmless liquid treated in the filtration tank E and sprays it outdoors. I have. In the fermenter D, the solid components are fermented and decomposed by useful microorganisms while stirring. In the filtration tank E, the mixture is filtered in a filtration chamber, and further decomposed by a useful microorganism.

The present invention is characterized by the solid-liquid automatic separation device C, and an enlarged view is shown in FIG. The automatic solid-liquid separation device C of the present invention is a device main body 10 for separating human waste into solid and liquid components.
And a solid component receiving unit 20 and a liquid component receiving unit 30 for receiving the solid component and the liquid component separated by the apparatus main body 10 and sending the solid component and the liquid component to the fermenter D and the filtration tank E, respectively. ing.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the apparatus main body 10 is formed with a through hole 11 which penetrates up and down for allowing human waste to flow. The through-hole 11 has a constricted portion 12 at the center in the vertical direction, and a lower portion below the constricted portion 12 is a flared portion 13 whose diameter gradually increases. The excrement of human waste flowing from the upper end opening 10A of the through-hole 11 falls directly after passing through the constricted portion 12 of the through-hole 11, and the liquid L of human excrement travels along the inner wall of the skirt-spreading shape portion 13 and becomes solid. It is configured to flow down to the outside of the falling area X.

The apparatus main body 10 is a hollow drum-shaped member formed of reinforced plastic. The central portion having the constricted portion 12 has an arc-shaped concave curved surface, and the upper end of the concave curved surface has a cylindrical shape extending from immediately below the toilet bowl. It is shaped like a wall 15. here,
The constricted portion 12 indicates the narrowest portion of the central concave curved surface and its vicinity. The hem-spread portion 13 is
The shape extends from 2 downwardly into a concave curved surface, gradually transitions to a convex curved surface along the way, and reaches a lower end. The shape of the flared portion 13 may be a linearly inclined conical surface or a dome-shaped convex curved surface, in addition to the concave curved surface shape. Upper end opening 10 of device body 10
A is directly connected to the toilet B by the flange portion 14 provided at A, and the lower end opening 10B is held in a free state in a suspended state. The lower end opening 10B of the apparatus main body 10 is larger than the diameter of the upper end opening 10A.

A plurality of vertically extending and recessed portions 15 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 11 all around. Uneven part 15
As shown in FIG. 4E, the concave portion 15a and the convex portion 15b are repeatedly formed, and in the illustrated example, the concave portion 15a and the convex portion 15b have a sine curve shape in which both arcs are formed. The effect was recognized from the depth t of the uneven portion 15 of about 1.2 mm, and the optimum was about 3.0 mm. The depth t of the concave-convex portion 15 is determined from the valley of the concave portion 15a to the convex portion 1
Step to the top of 5b. Also, the width (slit width) u, v between the concave portion 15a and the convex portion 15b was optimally about 8 mm. Regarding the slit widths u and v, 8
mm or less, for example, about 5 to 7 mm, and an optimum value is selected. The shape of the concave and convex portions 15 is not limited to a sine curve shape, and as shown in FIG. 4G, the concave portion 15a may have an angular shape, and the convex portion 15b may have a rounded corner. As shown in FIG. 4H, the concave portion 15a and the convex portion 15b may have a triangular shape, and another shape may be selected.

The direction of the uneven portion 15 is twisted in the vertical direction as shown in FIGS. The twisting direction is twisted counterclockwise (counterclockwise) in the illustrated example, but may be twisted clockwise (clockwise). As shown in FIG. 4 (F), the torsion angle θ1 of the uneven portion 15 with respect to the vertical line Y gradually increases from the upper end opening 10A of the entrance toward the constriction portion 12 with respect to the vertical line Y. And becomes maximum at the center position of the constricted portion 12 (θ2).
It is inclined so that the torsion angle gradually decreases toward 0B, and the uneven portion 15 as a whole has a curved shape that draws a gentle S-shaped curve up and down. This uneven portion 15
Is preferably set to approximately 90 °. As an example of actual dimensions, the upper end opening 10A
The diameter of the entrance hole is 70 mm;
The S-shaped curve curve of the concave-convex portion 15 has a total length of about 215 mm. Of course, the dimensions can be changed as needed.

On the other hand, the solid component receiving portion 20 corresponds to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pipe is formed by a pipe extending linearly up and down. The solid component receiving portion 20 has a linear solid component passage 2.
1, the solids inlet 21A at the upper end is located at the lower end opening 10B of the apparatus main body 10, and the outlet 21B at the lower end is connected to the fermenter D. The upper end of the solid receiving part 20 is the apparatus body 1
0 is partially inserted into the lower end opening 10B of the solid component inlet 21A.
Open toward the constricted portion 12 of the upper device body 10. The inner diameter of the solid component inlet 21A is set to be larger than the diameter of the narrowest portion of the constricted portion 12 so that the entire solid falling region X enters. The outer diameter of the solids inlet 21A is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower end opening 10B of the apparatus main body 10, and
An annular gap 40 through which the separated liquid can pass is formed between the inner periphery of the lower end of the zero and the outer periphery of the solid component receiving portion 20.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the liquid receiving portion 30 has a disc-shaped bottom wall 32 having a central hole 31 and projects upward from the outer diameter end of the bottom wall 32 to surround the outer periphery. A pipe forming the solid component receiving portion 20 is fitted in the center hole 31 of the bottom wall 32 in a dish shape having an outer peripheral wall 33 in a liquid-tight manner.
Further, a pipe 34 having a liquid passage 35 for guiding the liquid to the filtration tank E is connected to the bottom wall 32 at an appropriate position, and a liquid inlet 35A is opened.

Next, the operation of the solid-liquid automatic separation device C of the above embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG.
The urine and stool provided in the toilet are flushed by the washing water W, and flow into the apparatus main body 10 of the automatic solid-liquid separator C from the toilet outlet B1. Since the washing water has a momentum, there is a possibility that an object to be processed directly falls through the through-hole 11 of the apparatus main body 10 without flowing along the inner wall surface of the apparatus main body 10. Therefore, the water flow is adjusted by the passage from the upper cylindrical portion 15 of the apparatus main body 10 to the constricted portion 12 to prevent the water flow, and guided to the constricted portion 12. The water flow can be adjusted by narrowing the diameter of the constriction 12 and the diameter of the upper cylindrical portion 15 to a small diameter. If the aperture is too narrow, the object to be processed is stagnated.

The object to be processed is a constricted portion 1 from the upper straight wall 15.
2, the solid component and the liquid component together flow down along the hole wall, but as shown in FIG.
When passing through 2 and reaching the inner wall of the skirt expanding portion 13, the hole wall is inclined at an angle of 90 ° or more so as to expand outward, so that as the inclination increases, the solid matter S separates from the hole wall and falls downward. . On the other hand, even if the wall surface is inclined by 90 ° or more, the liquid component L of the processing object flows downward along the wall surface due to the adhesive force to the wall surface, deviates outside the central solid passage range X at the center, and moves out of the liquid receiving portion 3.
Runs down to zero.

The inner wall surface of the through-hole 11 of the apparatus body 10 has no seams, and the liquid component is a corrugated portion 15 having a wavy surface.
After flowing down along the peaks and valleys (concave and convex portions 15a and 15b) of the central portion 12 and once constricted at the constricted portion 12, while twisting the inner wall surface of the flared shape portion 13 in a gentle curve, S
The liquid flows down to the liquid receiving section 30 in a drawing and is guided to the filtration tank E through the pipe 34. Since the uneven portion 15 extending vertically is provided on the inner wall surface of the through hole 11, the contact area with the liquid component L is large, and the liquid flows down stably along the uneven portion 15. In particular, by applying a twist to the uneven portion 15, the fluid flowed down stably without peeling off from the inner wall surface while turning in the twisting direction.

The structure of the concave-convex portion 15 is a result obtained by repeating an experiment while observing the flow. The theory is not necessarily clear, but a twist causes a swirling flow. It is believed that the metal works to increase the adhesion to the wall. Further, even if the wall surface becomes 90 ° or more after passing through the constricted portion 12, a part of the solid S having a high adhesive force may move along the inner wall surface of the hole together with the liquid L in some cases. The minute portion S is completely removed by the uneven portion 15.

That is, the solid component S has a small adhesive force only by contacting the convex portion 15b of the concave-convex portion 15, and the solid component S comes into a line contact state with the top of the convex portion 15b, and is reliably peeled off from the wall surface. . In particular, if the shape of the top of the projection 15b is rounded, solids are unlikely to adhere.

[0024]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The following effects are obtained. According to the first aspect of the present invention, a constricted portion is provided at the center of the through hole of the apparatus main body, and a portion below the constricted portion is formed to have a flared shape in which the diameter gradually increases. After passing through the part, the liquid component of the night soil is configured to flow down the outer wall of the solid through the inner wall of the above-mentioned flared shape, so that the solid component and the liquid component are physically separated. And a specific treatment can be performed, and a high-precision, high-performance purification method can be adopted. As a result, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the recycled material after the treatment.

Further, unlike the prior art, there is no need for a treating agent such as an aggregating agent for aggregating the solid components, and it is possible to avoid adding or using the treating agent to the reclaimed water or the like after the purification treatment. It leads to pollution prevention and can realize symbiosis with environment-friendly nature. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the vertically extending uneven portion is formed on the inner wall surface of the through hole, the liquid component can be smoothly transmitted along the uneven portion. According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the upper and lower portions are twisted up and down with respect to the uneven portion, the flow of the liquid flowing along the inner wall of the through hole becomes a swirling flow, and is stable without being separated from the inner wall of the through hole. Flow down.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the direction of the uneven portion is inclined so that the twist angle gradually increases from the upper end toward the constricted portion, and the direction of the twist is gradually increased from the constricted portion toward the outlet side. Since the configuration is such that a gentle S-shaped curve is drawn by inclining so that the angle becomes small, the flow can be further stabilized. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the concavo-convex portion is corrugated, and the contact area of the protruding portion with which the solid contacts is reduced, so that the solid after passing through the constricted portion is reliably dropped. be able to. According to the invention as set forth in claim 6, the highest separation effect is obtained by setting the depth of the uneven portion to about 3.0 mm.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the solid component receiving portion for receiving the separated solid component is provided below the main body of the apparatus, and receives the separated liquid component so as to surround the solid component receiving component. The provision of the liquid receiving portion ensures that the separated solid and liquid components can be sent to the processing tank.

According to the simple toilet of the present invention, since the solid component and the liquid component are separated by the solid-liquid automatic separating device, the treatment specialized for the solid component can be performed in the solid component treatment tank. In addition, a process specialized for the liquid component can be performed in the liquid component processing tank.
In addition, by recycling the treated water and using it as washing water, it is possible to lay flush toilets without a sewer and promote effective and safe reuse of water and other resources. In addition, cost-effectiveness such as cost reduction is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a simple toilet to which an automatic solid-liquid separation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the configuration of the solid-liquid automatic separation device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the automatic solid-liquid separation device of FIG. 2;

4A and 4B show an apparatus main body of the solid-liquid automatic separation apparatus of FIG. 2, wherein FIG. 4A is a partially cutaway perspective view, FIG.
(C) is a bottom view, (D) is an explanatory diagram of a separated state of solid and liquid components, (E) is an enlarged sectional view of the uneven portion, (F) is an explanatory diagram of an inclined state of the uneven portion, (G) , (H) are diagrams showing another example of the shape of the uneven portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List A Washing water tank B Toilet bowl C Solid-liquid automatic separation device D Stirring chamber fermentation tank (solid separation processing tank) E Filtration chamber / processing tank (liquid separation processing tank) F Surplus tank G Circulation pump 10 Device body 11 Through hole 12 Neck 13 Hem expanding portion 15 Uneven portion 15a Depressed portion 15b Convex portion 20 Solid component receiving portion 30 Liquid receiving portion 40 Annular gap

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An automatic solid-liquid separation device for separating solid and liquid components of human waste flowing from a toilet bowl, comprising an apparatus main body having a vertically penetrating through-hole for flowing human waste. The hole has a constricted portion at the center in the vertical direction, and has a flared shape in which a portion below the constricted portion gradually expands, and solids of human waste are allowed to drop directly after passing through the constricted portion of the through hole,
A liquid-solid automatic separation apparatus characterized in that the liquid component of human excreta is caused to flow along the inner wall of the above-mentioned flared shape and to flow out of the falling region of the solid component. 2. The solid-liquid automatic separation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of vertically extending and recessed portions are provided on an inner wall of the through hole in a circumferential direction. 3. The solid-liquid automatic separation device according to claim 2, wherein the uneven portion is vertically twisted. 4. The concavo-convex portion is inclined so that the torsion angle gradually increases from the upper end of the apparatus body toward the constricted portion,
The solid-liquid automatic separation device according to claim 3, wherein the solid-liquid automatic separation device is inclined so as to gradually reduce the torsion angle from the constricted portion toward the outlet side. 5. The solid-liquid automatic separation device according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the concave / convex portion is a wave shape. 6. The solid-liquid automatic separation device according to claim 2, wherein the depth of the uneven portion is set to about 3.0 mm. 7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a solid component receiving portion for receiving solid components of the separated human excreta and a liquid component receiving portion for receiving a liquid component are provided below the apparatus main body. The solid-liquid automatic separation device according to the item. 8. A solid-liquid automatic separation device according to claim 1, which is connected to a toilet, a flush water tank for storing flush water for flushing human waste, a toilet bowl, and the toilet. A solid processing tank for processing the solid separated by the automatic liquid separation device, a liquid processing tank for processing the liquid, and a circulation pump for pumping the reclaimed water processed in the liquid processing tank and sending it to the washing water tank. Simple toilet equipped.