JP2002199619A - Uninterruptible power supply device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient uninterruptible power supply device which has a circuit structure where the characteristic of an electric double layer capacitor is taken into account. SOLUTION: This uninterruptible power supply device is provided with a charging circuit 4 which charges the electric double layer capacitor with an output from a DC power supply 2 which supplies power to an electronic device 1, a power supply output detection circuit 5 which determines whether the power supply is made from the DC power supply 2 or not, the electric double layer capacitor 3, and a DC/DC converter 6a which supplies power from the electric double layer capacitor 3 to the electronic device 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an uninterruptible power supply for operating an electronic device even when power is not supplied from a power supply.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An electronic device such as an information terminal causes an improper operation to be terminated when a power failure occurs, thereby causing data destruction or failure of the device itself. As a device for preventing such a problem, an uninterruptible power supply that supplies power instead of a normal power supply at the time of a power failure is widely used.

A conventional uninterruptible power supply uses a battery using a heavy metal typified by a lead battery, and has a problem with the environment when disposing of the device. As a result, there is a problem that the battery deteriorates and stable operation cannot be performed in the event of an emergency power failure. Therefore, it has been proposed to use an electric double layer capacitor instead of a secondary battery such as the above-mentioned lead battery.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional uninterruptible power supply using an electric double layer capacitor. The operation of the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. 8 will be described below. That is, in a normal state, power is supplied from the DC power supply 2 to the electronic device 1, and the electric double layer capacitor 3 is charged using another output of the DC power supply 2. In the DC power supply, the presence or absence of the output is determined to detect a power failure.

For example, when the DC power supply 2 supplies power from AC power, the power supply output detection circuit 5 determines the presence or absence of the AC power, and when the power failure is detected, the power of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is converted to DC / DC power. From DC converter 6a to electronic device 1
The switch circuit 11b is turned ON so that the power is supplied to the switch. When the power failure is restored and power is supplied from the DC power supply 2, the power supply output detection circuit 5 determines that the power has been restored, turns off the switch circuit 11 b, and stops the power supply from the electric double layer capacitor 3. At that time, the electric double layer capacitor 3 is charged again.

[0006]

The uninterruptible power supply using a conventional electric double layer capacitor has the following problems. That is, since the electric double layer capacitor has a lower energy density than the secondary battery, there is a problem that the reliability is reduced when the electric double layer capacitor operates in the same manner as the conventional uninterruptible power supply using the secondary battery. Was. In addition, since the electric double-layer capacitor greatly varies in voltage depending on the amount of stored electric power, it is necessary to prepare two outputs for the DC power supply and charge with an output different from the output for charging the electronic device. .

Further, even if a power failure occurs, the output of the DC power supply is maintained in the same state as a normal state, so that it is necessary to take out the detection output from the inside of the DC power supply. Therefore, it is difficult to install an uninterruptible power supply in an existing DC power supply system afterward, and it is necessary to consider changing the entire system to use an electric double layer capacitor.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient uninterruptible power supply having a circuit configuration in consideration of the characteristics of an electric double layer capacitor.

[0009]

The uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention provides a highly reliable uninterruptible power supply by using an electric double layer capacitor having an infinite charge and discharge cycle life as an energy storage device. To provide an uninterruptible power supply having a new function so that the amount of power is smaller than that of a secondary battery and the voltage fluctuates according to the amount of stored power. It is.

The uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention is provided with a charging circuit for preventing the output of the DC power supply from fluctuating in voltage, directly charging the electric double layer capacitor from the output, and supplying power to the electronic device from the DC power supply. And a DC / DC converter for receiving a signal from the power supply output detection circuit and supplying power to the electronic device from the electric double layer capacitor. To provide an uninterruptible power supply.

Further, the present invention provides the uninterruptible power supply device, further comprising a power supply output detection circuit for measuring an output current from the electric double layer capacitor to determine whether or not power is supplied from the DC power supply. Or, by comparing the voltage held by the voltage holding circuit and the reduced voltage of the DC power supply, provided with a power output detection circuit to determine the presence or absence of power supply from the DC power supply, or
A power supply output detection circuit that measures a voltage of the electric double layer capacitor and detects a change in the voltage to determine whether power is supplied from the DC power supply, or the three power supply output detection circuits The present invention provides an uninterruptible power supply characterized by comprising any two or more of the above.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned uninterruptible power supply, a circuit in which a resistor for charging the electric double layer capacitor and a switch circuit are connected in series or a constant current circuit and a switch circuit are connected in series. Provided is an uninterruptible power supply having a circuit.

Further, the present invention provides the above-described uninterruptible power supply device, wherein a plurality of electric double layer capacitors are used to increase the amount of electric power, and a switch circuit for switching the electric double layer capacitors between parallel connection and series connection is provided. However, when charging, the number of series connections can be arbitrarily increased and the number of parallel connections can be arbitrarily reduced to increase the voltage.When discharging, the number of series connections can be arbitrarily reduced and the number of parallel connections can be arbitrarily set. Provided is an uninterruptible power supply characterized by including a control circuit capable of increasing the voltage.

Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned uninterruptible power supply, a plurality of electric double layer capacitors are used in order to increase the amount of electric power, and all electric double layer capacitors are connected in parallel in order to reduce voltage variations. Provided is an uninterruptible power supply characterized by having a function of connecting and charging, providing a voltage limiting circuit in each electric double layer capacitor, or providing a voltage leveling device in each electric double layer capacitor.

Further, according to the present invention, in the uninterruptible power supply, the current supplied from the electric double layer capacitor and the time during which the current is supplied are measured, or the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor is measured. Provided is an uninterruptible power supply device including a control circuit for calculating remaining electric energy.

Further, according to the present invention, in the uninterruptible power supply device, when the power supply from the DC power supply is once stopped and the supply is started again, the power supply from the electric double layer capacitor is terminated. Provided is an uninterruptible power supply device comprising a control circuit.

Further, the present invention provides the uninterruptible power supply device, further comprising a control circuit for automatically terminating the electronic device when the remaining power of the electric double layer capacitor decreases, There is provided an uninterruptible power supply characterized by comprising a control circuit for recording the state of the electronic device so that the same state can be reproduced the next time the electronic device is operated.

According to the present invention, there is provided the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention, further comprising a control circuit for automatically minimizing the power consumed by the electronic device.

Further, according to the present invention, in the uninterruptible power supply device, when the electronic device supplies a plurality of powers having different voltages from the DC power supply, the electric double layer capacitor includes one or more power supplies. An uninterruptible power supply device, wherein a plurality of outputs are provided to a DC / DC converter so that charging is performed from a line and power can be supplied to the plurality of power lines when power from the DC power supply is stopped. I will provide a.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An uninterruptible power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The circuit of the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. 1 includes a charging circuit 4 for charging an electric double layer capacitor from an output for supplying power to an electronic device from a DC power supply.
A power output detection circuit 5 for determining whether power is supplied from the DC power supply 2, an electric double layer capacitor 3, and a DC / DC converter 6a for supplying electric power from the electric double layer capacitor 3 to the electronic device 1. It is composed of

The operation of the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention is as follows. Normally, power is supplied from the DC power supply 2 to the electronic device 1, and the electric double layer capacitor 3 is supplied by the charging circuit 4.
Charge the battery. DC power supply 2 due to power outage or failure
When power is no longer supplied from the output of the power supply, the power supply output detection circuit 5 determines that power is no longer supplied, the control circuit 7 stops the operation of the charging circuit 4, and the DC / DC converter 6a causes the electric double layer capacitor 3 to operate. Supplies power to the electronic device 1 from the computer.

When the power supply from the DC power supply 2 is restored while the electric power is being supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 3, the power supply output detection circuit 5 determines that the power supply has been restored, and the DC / DC converter The operation of 6a is stopped. If the output of the DC power supply 2 still does not return even after the power of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is consumed to a certain extent, the power supply output detection circuit 5 turns the power switch of the electronic device 1 off.
Set to F to safely stop the operation of the electronic device. Further, when the power supply from the DC power supply 2 is stopped, the control circuit 7 forcibly reduces the power consumed by the electronic device 1 to a state in which the power consumption of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is considered. You may switch.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the circuit of the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. 2, the switch circuit 11 a is turned off after the charging of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is completed, and the output current of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is measured using the current detection circuit 9. . When power is supplied from the DC power supply 2, the output power from the DC / DC converter 6 a becomes very small, so the current measured by the current detection circuit 9 is small, and power is supplied from the DC power supply 2. Otherwise, the output power from the DC / DC converter 6a becomes very large, and the current measured by the current detection circuit 9 becomes large. When the presence or absence of power supply from the DC power supply 2 is determined, the same operation as in FIG. 1 can be performed by the power supply output detection circuit 5.

In the uninterruptible power supply of the present invention, the charging circuit 4 has a configuration in which the resistor 10 and the switch circuit 11a are connected in series, and the charging of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is completed by the voltage detection circuit 8. I can recognize that. Further, in the present uninterruptible power supply, the amount of electric power supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 3 by the current detection circuit 9 can be measured to calculate the amount of electric power remaining in the electric double layer capacitor 3, The detection circuit 8 measures the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 3 and
Can be calculated.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the circuit of the uninterruptible power supply of the present invention, the switch circuit 11a is turned off in a state where the charging of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is completed,
The output voltage of the DC power supply 2 is held by the capacitor 15, and the held voltage is compared with a voltage proportional to the output voltage by the comparator 14. When the power is supplied from the DC power supply 2, the two voltages input to the comparator 14 are substantially the same voltage. When the power is not supplied from the DC power supply 2, the two voltages are input to the comparator 14. A difference occurs between the two voltages.

The voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 3 is measured by the voltage detection circuit 8 and the amount of change is calculated.
When power is supplied from the DC power supply 2, the amount of change in voltage is very small, and when power is not supplied from the DC power supply 2, the amount of change in voltage is very large.
When the presence or absence of power supply from the DC power supply 2 is determined, the same operation as in FIG. 1 is performed by the power supply output detection circuit 5. Also,
In this circuit, when power is supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 3, the switch circuit 11a is turned off and the switch circuit 1a is turned off.
Turn 1b ON. When power is not supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 3, the switch circuit 11a is turned on and the switch circuit 11b is turned off.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the circuit of the uninterruptible power supply of the present invention, the same operation as that of the uninterruptible power supply of FIG. In this circuit, two electric double layer capacitors 3 are used in order to increase the amount of power that can be stored. When power is supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 3, the switch circuit 11d is turned on and the switch circuit 1d is turned on.
By turning off 1c and 11e, the two electric double layer capacitors 3 are connected in series to increase the available electric energy. When power is not supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 3, the switch circuit 11d is turned off and the switch circuit 1 is turned off.
1c and 11e are turned ON, and the electric double layer capacitors 3 are connected in parallel.
The charging is performed so that the voltage does not vary.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 5 shows a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In the circuit of the uninterruptible power supply of the present invention, five electric double-layer capacitors 3 are used to control the switch circuits 11c, 11d, and 11e in order to increase the amount of power that can be stored. Performs the same operation as the device. In addition, it is not necessary to connect all five capacitors in series at a time. Depending on the input condition of the DC / DC converter 6a, the number of series may be increased little by little, and even if some electric double layer capacitors 3 are connected in parallel. I do not care.

Further, in this circuit, DC / DC is added to the charging circuit.
Using the converter 6b, charging can be performed at an arbitrary voltage in accordance with the state of the electric double layer capacitor 3. Further, in this circuit, even if it is not detected that the electric double layer capacitor 3 is in a fully charged state, the switch circuit 11a is turned off.
The state may be set to N and waiting at normal time. If the operating voltage range of the electric double layer capacitor at the time of charging is different from the operating voltage range at the time of discharging, the DC / DC converter
Since no loss occurs if a does not operate, the switch circuit 11b may be kept ON.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In the circuit of the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention, five electric double layer capacitors 3 are used and all are connected in series in order to increase the amount of power that can be stored. When a plurality of electric double layer capacitors 3 are connected in series, the voltages of the electric double layer capacitors 3 fluctuate, and there are electric double layer capacitors 3 that exceed the withstand voltage during charging. In such a state, the electric double layer capacitor 3 deteriorates, and the performance of the entire system decreases. For this purpose, a Zener diode 16 was connected in parallel to each electric double layer capacitor 3 as a voltage limiting circuit.

Further, in this circuit, the current detection circuit 9 and the voltage detection circuit 8 for measuring the remaining electric energy of the electric double layer capacitor 3 are omitted. When applied to the electronic device 1 having a constant power consumption, the amount of power may be estimated based on the time during which the electric double layer capacitor 3 supplies power. Further, the present circuit can be applied to the electronic device 1 having a plurality of power supply lines and the DC power supply 2. If there is a power supply line only for detecting the state of the DC power supply by the comparator among the plurality of power supply lines, the DC power supply 2
May be determined only by the comparator.

FIG. 7 shows a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In the circuit of the uninterruptible power supply according to the present invention, the leveling circuit 17 is disposed in order to suppress the voltage variation of the five electric double layer capacitors 3 connected in series. When the leveling circuit 17 is provided with a circuit for measuring the voltage of each electric double layer capacitor 3, as shown in FIG. 7, the voltage detecting circuit is omitted and the voltage detecting operation is performed by the leveling circuit 17. No problem.

[0034]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an efficient uninterruptible power supply having a circuit configuration in consideration of the characteristics of the electric double layer capacitor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of an uninterruptible power supply according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a conventional uninterruptible power supply.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electronic device 2 DC power supply 3 Electric double layer capacitor 4 Charging circuit 5 Power supply output detection circuit 6a, 6b, 6c DC / DC converter 7 Control circuit 8 Voltage detection circuit 9 Current detection circuit 10 Resistor 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e Switch circuit 12 Constant current circuit 13 Diode 14 Comparator 15 Capacitor 16 Zener diode 17 Leveling circuit

Claims (17)

[Claims] 1. A charging circuit for charging an electric double layer capacitor from an output for supplying electric power from a DC power supply to an electronic device, a power output detection circuit for judging whether power is supplied from the DC power supply, and an electric double layer A capacitor for supplying power to the electronic device from the electric double layer capacitor;
And a DC converter. 2. A power supply output detection circuit comprising: a current detection circuit provided at an output of the electric double layer capacitor; and a power supply output detection circuit for judging whether or not power is supplied from the DC power supply from an output current of the electric double layer capacitor. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1. 3. The uninterruptible power supply device, wherein a power supply output detection circuit holds a voltage of an output from the DC power supply, and the voltage held by the holding circuit and power supply of the DC power supply are lost. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, comprising a comparator for comparing the voltage with the voltage lowered by the comparator. 4. The uninterruptible power supply device, further comprising a voltage detection circuit at an output of the electric double layer capacitor, wherein a power output for judging the presence or absence of power supply of the DC power supply based on a change in voltage of the electric double layer capacitor. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, further comprising a detection circuit. 5. A power supply output detecting circuit according to claim 2, a power supply output detecting circuit according to claim 3, and a power supply output detecting circuit according to claim 4. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein: 6. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein a resistor and a switch circuit are connected in series between an output from the DC power supply and an input of the electric double layer capacitor. An uninterruptible power supply device comprising a charging circuit configured as described above. 7. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein a constant current circuit and a switch circuit are connected in series between an output from the DC power supply and an input of the electric double layer capacitor. An uninterruptible power supply device comprising a charging circuit connected and configured. 8. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of electric double layer capacitors, a switch circuit for switching the electric double layer capacitors between parallel connection and series connection, and A control circuit capable of arbitrarily increasing the number of connections and arbitrarily reducing the number of parallel connections or arbitrarily reducing the number of series connections and arbitrarily increasing the number of parallel connections. Blackout power supply. 9. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of electric double layer capacitors, and each electric double layer capacitor including a voltage limiting circuit. apparatus. 10. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of electric double layer capacitors, wherein the electric double layer capacitor includes a voltage leveling circuit. apparatus. 11. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein a current supplied from the electric double layer capacitor and a time during which the current is supplied are measured to calculate a remaining power amount. An uninterruptible power supply device comprising a control circuit for performing the operation. 12. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, further comprising a control circuit for measuring a voltage of the electric double layer capacitor and calculating a remaining electric energy. Uninterruptible power system. 13. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein power is supplied from the electric double layer capacitor in a state where power supply from the DC power supply is stopped. An uninterruptible power supply device comprising a control circuit for automatically terminating an electronic device when the remaining power of the electric double layer capacitor becomes low. 14. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 13, wherein when automatically terminating the electronic device, a state of the electronic device at that time is recorded and the next time the electronic device is operated. An uninterruptible power supply device comprising a control circuit capable of reproducing the same state. 15. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein the power supply from the DC power supply is performed again while the electric power is supplied from the electric double layer capacitor to the electronic device. An uninterruptible power supply device, comprising: a control circuit for terminating power supply from the electric double layer capacitor when the power supply is stopped. 16. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein an amount of power consumed by said electronic device while power is supplied from said electric double layer capacitor to said electronic device is minimized. An uninterruptible power supply device comprising a control circuit for minimizing power consumption. 17. The uninterruptible power supply according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of outputs are provided to a DC / DC converter so that a plurality of power lines having different voltages can be supplied from the electric double layer capacitor. An uninterruptible power supply comprising: