JP2002195692A - Absorption freezer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase freezing capability by surely forcing a medium concentration absorption solution to flow down over the entire surface of a solvent vapor tank into a uniform thin-film configuration. SOLUTION: In an absorption freezer wherein it includes a high temperature regenerator 1, a separation cylinder 2, a solvent vapor tank 4 for storing solvent vapor produced in the separation cylinder 2, and medium concentration absorption solution supply means for supplying a medium concentration absorption solution to the outer surface of the solvent vapor tank 4, and further a low- temperature regenerator for producing a high-concentration absorption solution and the solvent vapor by heating the medium concentration absorption solution by making use of condensation heat of the solvent vapor, the low-temperature regenerator 3 additionally includes a separator 5 for the medium concentration absorption solution having an upper cylinder section equipped vapor hole, through which a vaporized solvent flows out and a lower cylinder section equipped solution hole through which the medium concentration absorption solution is forced to flow down to the upper end of the solvent vapor tank 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating capacity of an absorption type refrigerating apparatus for concentrating an absorption liquid from a low concentration to a medium concentration by heating a burner, and further concentrating the absorption liquid to a high concentration by using heat of condensation of solvent vapor. Regarding the increase.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An absorption refrigeration system used for air conditioning and the like is provided with a separation cylinder for heating a low-concentration absorbent to boil and separating the boiling low-concentration absorbent into a solvent vapor and a medium-concentration absorbent. Is provided. A low-temperature regenerator is provided on the outer periphery of the separation tube. The low-temperature regenerator causes the medium-concentration absorbent to flow down along the outer surface of the solvent vapor tank that collects the solvent vapor, and further uses the condensation heat of the solvent vapor to further evaporate the solvent, producing a high-concentration absorbent and solvent vapor I do.

At the top of the absorption refrigeration system, a condenser for collecting and condensing the solvent vapor and storing the condensed solvent is provided. Below the condenser, on the outer periphery of the low-temperature regenerator, there is disposed an absorber having a cooling coil connected to a cooling tower for heat radiation, and an absorbent flow-down means for flowing the high-concentration absorbent into the cooling coil. ing. A part of the cooling coil is extended into the condenser, and functions to absorb and discharge heat of condensation of the solvent vapor. An evaporator provided with a cold water (cold / hot water in the case of a cooling / heating unit) coil connected to the indoor unit and a solvent flow-down means for causing the liquefied solvent to flow down into the cold water coil is provided on the outer periphery of the absorber.

In this absorption refrigeration apparatus, a low-concentration absorption liquid is heated by a heating source such as a burner and separated into a solvent (water) and a high-concentration absorption liquid (aqueous lithium bromide). Lead to the top with a pressure difference of. The solvent is dropped into the cold water coil and evaporates to generate cold water, which is a cooling medium for cooling. The evaporated solvent flows into the absorber with a pressure difference, and is absorbed by the high-concentration absorbent flowing down the cooling coil. Absorbed heat generated at this time is radiated to the atmosphere by the outdoor unit. The low-concentration absorbing solution that has absorbed the solvent and has a low concentration is circulated to the high-temperature regenerator by the absorbing solution pump.

[0005]

When an absorption refrigeration system is used in a home air conditioner, it is necessary to simultaneously increase the refrigeration capacity and downsize the system. It is important to increase the efficiency of the vessel. An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption refrigerating apparatus capable of increasing the refrigerating capacity without increasing the size of the apparatus by reliably causing the medium-concentration absorbing liquid to flow down uniformly over the entire surface of the solvent vapor tank. It is in.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a high-temperature high-temperature apparatus having a separation tube for heating a low-concentration absorbing solution to boil and separating the boiling low-concentration absorbing solution into a solvent vapor and a medium-concentration absorbing solution. A regenerator, a solvent vapor tank for storing the solvent vapor generated in the separation tube, and a medium-concentration absorbent flowing down along the outer surface of the solvent vapor tank, and heating the medium-concentration absorbent using the heat of condensation of the solvent vapor. A low-temperature regenerator that generates a high-concentration absorbent and a solvent vapor, a condenser that condenses the solvent vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator and the separation tube and stores the condensed solvent, and cold water connected to the indoor unit. A coil, and a solvent flowing down means for flowing the solvent of the condenser to the cold water coil, an evaporator for evaporating the solvent on the surface of the cold water coil to cool the cold water in the cold water coil, and a cooling tower for heat radiation. Linked cold Coil, and an absorption liquid flowing down means for flowing the high concentration absorbing liquid to the cooling coil, an absorber for absorbing the solvent evaporated in the evaporator to the high concentration absorbing liquid, and absorbing the solvent and low concentration by absorbing the solvent An absorption refrigeration system comprising an absorption pump that circulates the resulting low-concentration absorbent to the high-temperature regenerator, wherein the low-temperature regenerator is installed above the solvent vapor tank, and stores the medium-concentration absorbent. A medium concentration absorbing liquid separator having a vapor hole through which a solvent vapor generated by the boiling of the medium concentration absorbing liquid flows out and a liquid hole through which the boiling medium concentration absorbing liquid flows down to the upper end of the solvent vapor tank. It is characterized by.

[0007]

According to the present invention, since the separator for the medium-concentration absorbent is provided above the solvent vapor tank, the boiling caused by the low pressure of the absorbent in the low-temperature regenerator ends in the separator. For this reason, it is possible to cause the medium-concentration absorbing liquid having little fluctuation to flow down to the surface of the upper end portion of the solvent vapor tank. The medium-concentration absorbing liquid stably flows down to the upper portion of the solvent vapor tank, adheres to the entire outer surface of the solvent vapor tank, and flows down in a thin film form.

Thus, the heat exchange efficiency between the solvent vapor in the solvent vapor tank and the medium-concentration absorbing liquid outside the solvent vapor tank is improved, and the evaporation of the solvent from the medium-concentration absorbing liquid due to the heat of condensation of the solvent vapor increases. I do. As a result, it is possible to increase the concentration of the high-concentration absorbent and increase the amount of the solvent by the low-temperature regenerator, and it is possible to improve the refrigeration capacity without increasing the size of the absorption refrigeration apparatus. In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, it is desirable to double the heat exchange area by forming the solvent vapor tank in a vertical double cylindrical shape as described in claim 2.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the upper cylindrical portion protruding upward is provided in the vapor hole, and the lower cylindrical portion protruding downward is provided in the liquid hole, so that scattering of the medium concentration absorbing liquid is minimized. Can be reduced to In the configuration according to the fourth aspect, since the upper and lower cylinder portions are formed by burring, the separator can be manufactured at low cost. In the configuration according to the fifth aspect, since the separator is formed in an annular shape and the central portion is used as a passage for the solvent vapor, the space in the main body casing can be effectively used, and the main body of the absorption refrigeration apparatus can be downsized. According to the configuration of the sixth aspect, the medium-concentration absorbing solution can be smoothly supplied (minimized disturbance) from the medium-concentration absorbing solution pipe to the annular separator, and the fluctuation of the medium-concentration absorbing solution flowing down from the separator is further increased. Reduce.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an absorption type refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention. The absorption type refrigeration apparatus has a cylindrical and airtight main body casing 10, a high temperature regenerator 1 arranged below the main body casing 10, and a high temperature regenerator. And an absorbent pump P arranged on the side of the vessel 1. The main casing 10 is connected to a cooling tower 11 by a cooling liquid flow path 12, and further connected to an indoor unit 13 by a chilled water flow path 14. The main body casing 10 includes a cylindrical outer body 1A, a moderately spherical top plate 1B, and a bottom plate 1B.
C. The bottom plate 1C includes a central portion 1E having a circular bottom hole 1D, a cylindrical portion 1F, and a lower peripheral portion 1G.

In the main casing 10, a separation tube 2, a low-temperature regenerator 3, an absorber 7, a condenser 8, and an evaporator 9 are incorporated. In the high temperature regenerator 1, the main body casing 10, and the absorbent pump P, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide as an absorbent is circulated. The low-temperature regenerator 3 includes a vertical double cylindrical solvent vapor tank 4, a separator 5 for a medium-concentration absorption liquid, and an annular liquid receiver 6.

The high-temperature regenerator 1 includes a burner 15 and a low-concentration absorbent tank 16 heated by the burner 15. A circular boiling port 17 is opened in the ceiling of the low-concentration absorbent tank 16, and the boiling port 17 separates the boiled low-concentration absorbent into a solvent (water) vapor and a medium-concentration absorbent. Is connected to the lower end. The separation cylinder 2 is inserted vertically and concentrically into the center of the main body casing 10 from the circular bottom hole 1D.

Each of the separation cylinders 2 has a cylindrical shape, and includes an outer cylinder 21 and an inner cylinder 22 which are arranged concentrically. Outer cylinder 21
The lower end opening is connected to the boiling port 17 and the upper end is closed by a bell-shaped ceiling 23. In the bell-shaped ceiling 23, a steam port 24 through which water vapor separated in the center passes is opened in a short cylindrical shape. The lower end of the inner cylinder 22 is closed with a spherical shell-shaped bottom 25, and a splash prevention cylinder 26 is concentrically attached to the upper end. The splash prevention cylinder 26 has an inverted bell-mouth-shaped upper edge 27, and the upper edge 27 abuts against the lower edge of the bell-shaped ceiling 23 and is air-tightly joined.

At the lower portion of the inner cylinder 22, there is provided a medium concentration absorbing liquid outlet 28 for discharging the high concentration medium concentration absorbing liquid in which water (solvent) is evaporated and concentrated. On the bell-shaped ceiling 23, a flat circular can-shaped steam reservoir 29 is provided. The steam reservoir 29 penetrates an opening provided at the center of the bottom plate 29a, and the steam port 24 is inserted therein, and is airtightly joined.

The low-concentration absorbing liquid boils in the high-temperature regenerator 1,
The mixture of the water vapor and the medium-concentration absorbing liquid that has blown up in the annular gap between the outer cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder 22 is turned downward at the upper edge 27 of the inverted bell mouth shape, and from the upper end of the inner cylinder 22 to the inner cylinder. Go inside 22. At this time, the splash prevention cylinder 26 surely drops the generated splash downward, thereby preventing the water vapor passing through the steam port 24 from being mixed with the splash of the medium concentration absorbing liquid.

A low-temperature regenerator 3 is provided outside the separation tube 2. The low-temperature regenerator 3 has a cylindrical casing 30 arranged concentrically between the separation cylinder 2 and the outer shell 1A of the main casing 10. The cylindrical casing 30 has an outer cylinder wall 3a and an inner cylinder wall 3b. Inside the cylindrical casing 30, a solvent vapor tank 4 in the form of a hollow double cylindrical can, which is concentrically arranged between the outer cylinder wall 3a and the inner cylinder wall 3b via a gap, is provided. Above the solvent vapor tank 4, a separator 5 for the medium-concentration absorbent is provided.

The lower end of the annular gap between the cylindrical casing 30 and the solvent vapor tank 4 is hermetically closed by a central portion 1E of the bottom plate 1C, and a high-concentration absorbent outlet 3 is provided at the central portion 1E.
1 is provided. In this embodiment, the separator 5 for the medium-concentration absorbing liquid has an annular shape and is concentrically fixed to the upper end of the outer cylindrical wall 3a of the cylindrical casing 30. Above the separator 5 for the medium-concentration absorbing liquid, a canopy 32 is installed close to the top plate 1B, and a vapor vent 33 is opened on a side of the canopy 32. The steam vent 33 is a steam passage to the condenser 8.

The solvent vapor tank 4 is formed of two concentric cylinders, and has an outer wall 41 and an inner wall 42 acting as a heat exchange surface. The annular gap between the outer wall 41 and the inner wall 42 is airtightly closed at its upper and lower ends by an annular cover plate 43 and a bottom wall 44 to form a high-temperature steam chamber. The outer wall 41
It is also possible to omit the cover plate 43 by curving the upper end of the inner wall 42 and the inner wall 42 in the approaching direction and joining them together. The upper part of the inner wall 42 and the bottom plate 29a of the steam reservoir 29
Are connected by a plurality of steam elbow pipes 45, and a water or steam outlet pipe 46 is connected to the bottom wall 44.

Above the solvent vapor tank 4, a separator 5 for a medium-concentration absorbent is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, the separator 5 is formed by joining an annular container body 51 having a substantially U-shaped cross section and an annular plate-shaped lid 52 for closing an upper opening of the container body 51. In the container body 51, the lower end of the outer peripheral wall 53 is airtightly joined to the upper end of the outer cylindrical wall 3a of the cylindrical casing 30, and the inside of the inner peripheral wall is a steam passage 5A.

A vapor hole 55 having an upper cylindrical portion formed by upward burring and a liquid hole 56 having a lower cylindrical portion formed by downward burring are alternately formed in the container bottom 54 at regular intervals. The lid 52 is provided with a supply port 57 for the medium-concentration absorbing liquid to which the medium-concentration absorbing liquid is supplied, and the end of a medium-concentration absorbing liquid pipe 58 is inserted therein. The medium-concentration absorbing liquid supplied into the separator 5 from the medium-concentration absorbing liquid pipe 58 boils in the separator 5 because the pressure in the cylindrical casing 30 is low.

In this embodiment, five liquid holes 56 are formed at an interval of 30 degrees between 120 degrees, and four liquid holes 56 are formed in the middle of the liquid holes 56.
Individual steam holes 55 are provided. The supply port 57 for the medium-concentration absorbing solution is provided at an intermediate position on the opposite side of the section in which the liquid hole 56 is formed, and the tip of the medium-concentration absorbing solution tube 58 is disposed vertically close to the bottom 54. . At the distal end of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid tube 58, there are lateral holes 59 on both sides of the separator 5 in the circumferential direction.
Is open.

When the medium-concentration absorbing solution is injected into the separator 5, the medium-concentration absorbing solution flows in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction) from the horizontal hole 59, so that the fluctuation of the medium-concentration absorbing solution can be reduced. Rapid boiling of the concentration absorbing solution can be prevented. Further, the boiling of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid is completed in the flow path from the outlet of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid pipe 58 to the liquid hole 56, and the fluctuation of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid in the vicinity of the liquid hole 56 can be attenuated. is there.

The outer wall 41 and the inner wall 42 have inclined surfaces which are inclined in the approaching direction at the upper end portions.
An annular trough-shaped annular liquid receiver 6 for storing the medium concentration absorbing liquid is installed in a crown shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the annular liquid receiver 6 is provided with a small hole 62 through which the medium-concentration absorbing liquid flows down on the inner and outer surfaces of a bottom portion 61 inclined in a substantially V shape, and a V-shaped notch on the inner and outer upper edges. A notch 63 is provided around.

The medium-concentration absorbing liquid that has flowed down from the medium-concentration absorbing liquid separator 5 to the annular liquid receiver 6 uniformly flows down from the small holes 62 to the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the upper end of the solvent vapor tank 4 inclined. When the flow rate of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid from the separator 5 is large, the medium-concentration absorbing liquid also flows down uniformly from the notch 63 to the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the upper end of the solvent vapor tank 4 which is inclined. As a result, the medium-concentration absorbing liquid flows down in a thin film form over the entire outer surfaces of the outer wall 41 and the inner wall 42, and is efficiently exchanged with water vapor in the solvent vapor tank 4.

The medium-concentration absorbent is heated by the heat of condensation of water vapor and re-boiled, separating into water vapor and high-concentration absorbent.
The water vapor moves from the vapor outlet 33 to the condenser 8, and the high concentration absorbent flows out from the high concentration absorbent outlet 31. In this configuration, since the outer wall 41 and the inner wall 42 of the solvent vapor tank 4 function as heat exchange surfaces, the medium-concentration absorbing liquid is efficiently evaporated. As a result, the heat transfer area is approximately doubled, so that the size of the low-temperature regenerator 3 having the same capacity can be reduced by about 50% at the maximum.

The steam generated by the boiling passes through the steam hole 55 having the upper cylindrical portion into the cylindrical casing 30 and passes through the steam passage 5.
From A, it moves to the condenser 8 via the vapor vent 33. At this time, the vapor hole 55 having the upper cylindrical portion has an action of effectively preventing the splash of the medium-concentration absorbing liquid from scattering outside the separator 5. After boiling, the stable medium-concentration absorbing liquid flows down to the annular liquid receiver 6 from the five liquid holes 56. At this time, the liquid hole 56 having the lower cylindrical portion has the function of preventing the medium-concentration absorbing liquid from shaking and scattering. The larger the passage area of the liquid hole 56, the greater the effect of preventing the medium concentration absorbing liquid from scattering.

An absorber 7 is provided outside the low-temperature regenerator 3, and a condenser 8 is provided above the absorber 7.
An evaporator 9 is provided outside the absorber 7 and below the condenser 8. The absorber 7 includes a cooling coil 71 connected to the cooling tower 11, and an absorbing liquid spraying device 72 disposed above the cooling coil 71 and spraying the high-concentration absorbing liquid to the cooling coil 71.

A condenser coil 81 connected to a cooling coil 71 is provided in the condenser 8. The condenser 8 includes the separation tube 2
And the steam flowing from the low-temperature regenerator 3
The water condensed at 1 and the water already condensed are supplied and accumulate in a water receiving container 82 installed below the condenser 8.

The evaporator 9 includes a cold water coil 91 connected to the indoor unit 13, and a water spraying tool 92 disposed above the cold water coil 91 to spray water to the cold water coil 91. Water is supplied to the water spraying tool 92 from a water receiving container 82 installed above. The low-concentration absorbent which has become low-concentration by absorbing water vapor as a solvent is circulated to the low-concentration absorbent tank 16 of the high-temperature regenerator 1 by the absorbent pump P.

Next, the operation will be described. The low-concentration absorbent heated by the burner 15 in the high-temperature regenerator 1
And blows up into the separation cylinder 2 to evaporate water as a solvent,
Separate from the medium concentration absorbent. The water vapor is prevented from splashing
, And flows in the order of the water vapor reservoir 29 → the vapor elbow pipe 45 → the solvent vapor tank 4.

The medium-concentration absorbing liquid flows out of the medium-concentration-absorbing liquid outlet 28 provided at the lower part of the inner cylinder 22 and flows into the medium-concentration-absorbing liquid separator 5 from the medium-concentration-absorbing liquid pipe 58. The medium-absorbent liquid that has been stabilized by boiling in the separator 5 to separate the vapor is
It flows down from the separator 5 to the annular liquid receiver 6 and is supplied to the outer surface of the solvent vapor tank 4 through the small holes 62 in the form of a film.

The outer wall 41 and the inner wall 4 of the solvent vapor tank 4
Each of the two acts as a heat exchange surface, the heat of condensation of the steam, the medium-concentration absorbent flowing down in the form of a thin film is heated, and the water evaporates and is concentrated to a high-concentration absorbent. The high-concentration absorbing liquid flows out of the high-concentration absorbing liquid outlet 31, is supplied to the absorbing liquid spraying tool 72 of the absorber 7, and is sprayed on the cooling coil 71. The water vapor and the water are once supplied to the condenser 8, and the water vapor becomes liquefied water, is supplied to the water spraying tool 92 together with the already liquefied water as described above, and is scattered to the cold water coil 91.

The solvent vapor tank is not limited to a vertical double cylindrical shape, but may be, for example, a cylindrical shape. In this case, the internal vapor and the medium-concentration absorbing liquid adhering to the outer surface and flowing down are used. Is only the outer peripheral surface of the tank.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional skeleton view of an absorption refrigeration apparatus.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of the absorption refrigeration apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view and a plan cross-sectional view of a separator for a medium concentration absorbent.

FIG. 4 is a plan view and a front sectional view of the annular liquid receiver.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 High temperature regenerator 2 Separation cylinder 3 Low temperature regenerator 4 Solvent vapor tank 5 Separator of medium concentration absorption liquid 6 Annular liquid receiver 7 Absorber 8 Condenser 9 Evaporator

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Mikio Shimizu 2-26, Fukuzumicho, Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya Rinnai Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasunari Furukawa 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka Osaka Gas Stock In-house (72) Inventor Kaoru Kawamoto 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi F-term in Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (reference) 3L093 BB11 BB22 BB33 CC00 MM02 MM07

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A high-temperature regenerator having a separation tube for heating a low-concentration absorption liquid to boil and separating the boiled low-concentration absorption liquid into a solvent vapor and a medium-concentration absorption liquid; A solvent vapor tank for storing the concentrated solvent vapor, and a medium-concentration absorbent flowing down along the outer surface of the solvent vapor tank, and heating the medium-concentration absorbent using heat of condensation of the solvent vapor to form a high-concentration absorbent and a solvent. A low-temperature regenerator that generates steam, a condenser that condenses the solvent vapor generated in the low-temperature regenerator and the separation tube and stores the condensed solvent, a chilled water coil connected to an indoor unit, and the chilled water coil. An evaporator for evaporating the solvent on the surface of the chilled water coil to cool the chilled water in the chilled water coil, the cooling coil connected to a cooling tower for heat radiation, and the cooling device. An absorbing solution flowing means for flowing the high-concentration absorbing solution into the il; an absorbing device for absorbing the solvent evaporated by the evaporator into the high-concentration absorbing solution; and a low-concentration absorbing device for absorbing the solvent to have a low concentration. An absorption refrigerating apparatus comprising: an absorption liquid pump that circulates a liquid to the high-temperature regenerator; wherein the low-temperature regenerator is installed above the solvent vapor tank, stores the medium-concentration absorption liquid, and stores the medium-concentration absorption liquid. A medium-absorbent separator provided with a vapor hole through which a solvent vapor generated by boiling flows and a liquid hole through which the medium-absorbent liquid after boiling flows down to the upper end of the solvent vapor tank. Type refrigeration equipment. 2. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said solvent vapor tank has a vertical double cylindrical shape. 3. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said vapor hole is a hole having an upper cylinder portion projecting upward, and said liquid hole is provided with a lower cylinder portion projecting downward. An absorption refrigeration device characterized by a hole. 4. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the upper and lower cylinders are formed by burring. 5. The absorption type refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said separator has an annular shape, and a central portion is a passage for a solvent vapor. Refrigeration equipment. 6. The absorption refrigeration apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the supply of the medium-concentration absorption liquid to the separator is such that a tip is disposed close to a bottom plate of the separator and the annular separation is performed. An absorption refrigeration system characterized by being made by a medium-concentration absorption liquid tube having a lateral hole in the circumferential direction of the vessel.