JP2002191123A - Motor and power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make giving and receiving of power to and from a system free without voltage and frequency variations, to make it unnecessary to use a voltage regulator, a frequency adjuster, a power storage apparatus, and an energy converter, etc., on top of that, to obtain one having an outstanding resource saving effect; and to provide a system which is constructable of a plurality of small-sized machines, has outstanding mass-producibility, enables sharp cost reduction, and improves its installation, transportation, noise during operation, an operation stop when a strong wind blows, etc., installation of a protective device, etc., sharply. SOLUTION: A power generating function is provided by making efficient use of a motor for motive power, an internal combustion engine, etc., which are added to a motor, and an energy storage apparatus for durable stable power storage, etc., and is used for storing superfluous power, or as an auxiliary power source when generated energy of a system is lacking, etc., is provided. Besides, a power generation system is realized in an area where a power system is not available, or in a place where the installation of a power system is difficult, etc., by a simple and appropriate construction suitable for the place individually.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Generally, factory and consumer power is operated by a single function of power only. In the field of electric and power generation systems, these single-function devices generate power using other electric motors, internal combustion engines, wind-hydraulic power, human power, etc. as power sources, using the devices as they are in addition to the original power function. Also, the field of rotating electric machines such as induction motors and synchronous electric machines and electromagnets used in these systems and the like. In addition, the field of electric and power generation systems that generate power using human power during exercise for the purpose of health as a power source.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, a plant is usually operated with a single function of only a power, a pump and a blowing function, such as a power field using a rotary electric machine of a factory or a consumer, a fluid transport by a pump, a defrosting by blowing air from a tea plantation, and the like. It is a target. None of the motors used for these power sources are fully utilized for power generation.
In addition, there is no device having a power generation function using human power during exercise for the purpose of health, and further, there is no device directly taking off energy with the power system. Some use only electric motors for transportation, but only use them as regenerative braking when stopping or descending on slopes. Also,
The rotor structure of an induction motor is a generally used structure such as a palanquin type or a winding type, and there is almost no characteristic in the field of generators in particular. Further, in a motor or a generator using a magnet, the magnet is formed by magnetizing a cylindrical or disk-shaped material to form a magnet, or a separated magnet is used by arranging the magnet circumferentially. The magnetic force of the air gap was influenced by the magnetic force of the device itself, and its output and efficiency were naturally determined. In the age of resource saving and energy saving, higher efficiency and resource saving are strongly demanded without exception in the field of electric motors and generators, but they have not been satisfied. In addition, powerful magnets such as neodymium magnets, which have recently been in the limelight, are much higher than ferrite magnets, and have a problem in that they have limited uses and limited resources at the same time. With a magnet-only rotor, the strength of the magnetic field is fixed, and in generators with fluctuating power, the generated voltage fluctuates in proportion to the number of revolutions, requiring complicated control with a separate control circuit to obtain a constant voltage. And Improving productivity has been a long-standing concern for stator windings currently used because of the complex windings applied to the stamped iron core.

[0003]

(1) A power-only function motor is applied to use an added motor, an internal combustion engine, natural wind power or hydraulic power from the outside, and furthermore, a hand-held device such as a health device. Utilize the human power involved in stepping and other exercises to provide a power generation function. (2) When the motor is used only for the power generation independent function, the startup to the power generation function is performed smoothly, and when the motor / power generation combined function is used, the operation control such as switching between single and multiple motor-power generation is performed. A suitable economic system. (3) When applied to a fluid machine Switching between electric and power generation should be performed only by changing the mechanical structure such as the blades and the fluid transfer mechanism without changing the electric control system. (4) Applicable to the fluid machine In this case, switching between electric and power generation should be realized only by electric control without changing the mechanical structure system. (5) Generated and stored excess power, or the system generated insufficient power. Provide a long-life, stable power storage and energy storage device as an auxiliary power supply in such cases. (6) To realize a simple and inexpensive operation system when a power generation system is configured by a plurality of units. (7) To realize a control method for economical operation in a power generation system depending on the load, the surrounding environment, and the state of external power. (8) To realize economical measures including power generation, electric power and combined operation in a motor generator system composed of a plurality of units. (9) To realize a motor-generator system in an area where no power system is available, in a place where installation is difficult, or in transportation, with a simple and appropriate configuration that is unique to the place and machine. (10) To realize induction motors used as motor power generation systems that are compatible with the system and have outstanding characteristics in motor power generation characteristics and controllability. (11) Focusing on the fact that the improvement of the magnetic flux density in the gap between the rotor and the stator of the motor or generator is directly related to the performance improvement and output adjustment, the arrangement of magnets to increase the magnetic flux in the gap, It is an object of the present invention to solve problems such as concentration in a gap, use of a magnet and an electromagnet, and productivity of a stator winding and a wound rotor winding.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems (1) Normally, a single power function device, which is common in factories and consumers, is applied to use an added electric motor, internal combustion engine, wind power or hydraulic power, and further improve health. In order to provide a power generation function by using human power in equipment, etc., these equipments are connected to the same power system and configured as an electric-power generation system. Utilize as
An energy generation system that matches the resource-saving era, including a generator that is newly added to the system, can be constructed. (2) In order to make the switching from the power to the generator smooth and to make the motor-generator system free of voltage fluctuations regardless of the operation of single or multiple units, the simplest method is to use an induction motor instead of an induction motor. When it is used as a generator, it is made to function as an induction generator with external power above the synchronous speed when it is used as a generator. In this case, if there is an AC power supply or power system at the installation location, connect the motor as it is to the system, or when generating, if it is necessary to perform in the reverse rotation direction when using as power, For a polyphase AC power supply, change only the phase order.For a single-phase AC power supply, reverse the polarity of the main winding or auxiliary winding. And so on. In the case of an induction generator, the generated voltage is the voltage of the power system itself and is almost constant, and the amount of power generated is supplied to the system by current.There is no need for voltage adjustment during power generation, energy storage devices, overload adjustment loads, etc. A very simple and inexpensive hybrid electric-power generation system can be realized. Of course, it is needless to say that the system can be complicated even if other magnet generators or synchronous generators are used. (3) When applied to a fluid machine, to switch between electric and power generation only by changing the mechanical structure such as the blades and the transfer mechanism without changing the electric control system, use a propeller, for example. In the case of a fluid machine, the propeller has a variable pitch structure without changing the electric control system, and switching between transfer and power generation functions is performed by reversing the twist angle of the blade. In the case of centrifugal blades, it depends on the equipment, but switching between transfer and power generation functions can be done by changing the fluid intake, that is, by switching the suction side to the discharge side, or by using a ventilation device to take in air from all around. This can be realized by providing a wind direction guide on the outer periphery and performing the operation regardless of the wind direction. (4) When applied to fluid machinery In order to realize the switching between electric and power generation without changing the system of the mechanical structure and only electric control, if the system can be extended to a simple induction machine, an AC power supply will be required. If a power system is available, the connection of the motor should be changed only in the phase sequence in the case of a polyphase AC power supply.In the case of a single-phase AC, the direction of rotation should be changed by reversing the polarity of the main winding or auxiliary winding. It can be realized by changing it. (5) If there is no power system at the installation location or if the rotating electric machine does not use an induction motor,
A long-life power storage device is required as an auxiliary power supply when the power generation of the system is insufficient.General storage batteries used in automobiles, telephone lines, etc. exchange electric charge between the electrolyte and the electrodes. At this time, metal ions adhere to the electrodes or the electrodes repeatedly dissolve in the electrolytic solution, so that the electrodes are damaged and their life is extended. In addition, rapid charging and discharging are mechanically impossible. On the other hand, redox batteries using chromium or vanadium electrolytes have no exchange between metal ions and electrodes, and storage batteries can be made only by the exchange of electric charges. It is an epoch-making storage battery that does not need to be charged simply by replacing the respective electrolytes. The cathode and anode electrodes are made of carbon fiber and are chemically stable.The batteries have a semipermanent lifespan until they are structurally broken, such as mechanical damage or container corrosion. is there. When this is used in an automobile or the like, the liquid needs to be replaced, but when used in the present generator system, the liquid does not need to be replaced. The electrolyte can be used any number of times as long as it is charged after discharging, and is excellent in recyclability. In addition, there are many clean energy storage devices such as a hydrogen production and storage system by water electrolysis and ice heat storage, and a suitable one for the system is selected from these. (6) In order to realize a simple and inexpensive measure when a power generation system is configured by a plurality of units, first, an induction motor is used as a rotating electric machine which is a main component. If a general-purpose power system is available, use it. If not, use a special AC generator or inverter such as an inverter that is sufficient for system operation. When a plurality of induction motors are connected to these power sources, they operate as electric motors when operating in their original function, and when operating as a power generation system, change the connection circuit as necessary, for example, when the electric circuit is a polyphase AC. Changes the phase sequence, in the case of a single phase, switches the polarity etc. of the main winding, reverses the rotation direction, shifts to the power generation state at the synchronous speed or more, and the power is transmitted to the grid according to the power generation of each device An extremely simple and clear system for random supply can be realized. (7) In order to realize a control method for operating the motor-generator system composed of several units economically according to the load, the surrounding environment and the state of the external power, the conditions of the external power, the state of the load, Automatically by picking up the speed of fluid, temperature and humidity of environment etc. with each sensor
The operation can be controlled efficiently, and it can be realized by performing the electric function and the power generation function of each device optimally and economically. (8) In order to realize an economical measure including a combined operation of a power generation system composed of a plurality of units, the system is composed of a plurality of units. The required number of operating fluid transfer machines is determined in real time as needed, such as the speed of fluids such as wind and water, temperature and humidity, etc., and power generation is automatically performed with the remaining number of units. Can be operated efficiently. (9) In an area where the power system does not come, in a place where installation is difficult, or in transportation, it is necessary to easily configure an independent motor power generation system by using an AC power supply using storage batteries and inverters, or an AC synchronous generator for excitation. A power supply of a system that can freely change the voltage and frequency by using an induction motor that can adjust the secondary resistance independently and especially for the motor generator, and a rotor excitation type asynchronous that is convenient for adjusting the rotation speed It is composed of electric machines, etc., so that one or more stable systems with small voltage fluctuations in the system can be performed with one or more units, and if necessary, operate at a voltage and frequency suitable for the power system, and phase advance capacitors By using an inductive load to balance the load of the entire system, a unique low-cost and stable motor power generation system can be constructed. If there is a general-purpose power system,
Suitable for the power and speed of the prime mover
It is also possible to operate at different voltages and frequencies. (10) In order to realize an induction motor that is used as a dynamic power generation system and has excellent characteristics suitable for the system, it is necessary to use a generator with a structure and configuration of the rotor that does not exist in conventional ones, such as starting and synchronizing speed. To improve the characteristics, the frequency of the current flowing through the rotor conductor increases as the distance from the synchronous rotation increases, so that the reactance is increased and the rotor plate is arranged deep inside the conductor plate and iron core. The problem can be solved by surrounding the rotor bar and the end ring with a ferromagnetic material stronger than the iron core on or near the side wall. In addition, the combination of the rotor bar and the winding conductor, the placement of an electromagnetic coil on the side wall of the conventional rotor bar rotor, and the width of the rotor and stator cores are made larger than the stator and rotor cores, respectively, to achieve the protrusion effect. An induction motor suitable for the system is realized by improving the efficiency, improving the characteristics, and providing the control width. Furthermore, considering that the generator will be used at high speeds in many cases, use a pin or ring suitable for countermeasures against centrifugal force, and holes and grooves that link with them, when using a split iron core. Rotor structure. In addition, the coil is fixed to the slotless cylindrical iron core with an adhesive or the like on the windings of the stator or rotor, reducing cogging to reduce the starting torque or improve efficiency. The deformed coil deforms when rotating,
The number of coils is reduced by half with image coils in order to securely fix them with a cylindrical holder so that they do not come off, simplify winding and electrical work, and increase reliability.
The workability is further improved, and at the same time, the powder of the magnetic substance is impregnated in the fixing agent to compensate for the shortage of magnetic flux and improve the characteristics. Further, instead of a cylindrical holder, a laminated iron core may be provided with slots or skews to accommodate equipment having a large capacity. (11) Regarding the arrangement of magnets for increasing the magnetic flux in the gap, in order to increase the magnetic flux in the air gap, there is a case where a single magnet is used for each pole or a case where a plurality of magnets are combined. First, a single magnet will be explained. Radial slots for inserting magnets in each pole core are provided so that the length of the magnets can be adjusted in the radial direction. To do. Further, by adopting a detachable structure, it is possible to easily change and adjust the characteristics of the electric motor and the generator. Secondly, there is a limit to the structure and magnetic force of a single magnet, and if you want to increase the magnetic force of the air gap, use multiple magnets for each pole, make the magnet longer than the axial length of the stator, or use other magnets. Utilizing the available space, a more effective increase in magnetic flux is possible. Also,
When the available space is limited, it is possible to effectively utilize the three-dimensional space of the magnetic poles and to arrange the magnets organically on the entire surface or a part of the surface so that the magnetic flux concentrates in the gap. In this case, one or a plurality of magnets are replaced with electromagnets having no magnetic flux leakage short circuit, so that the increase / decrease of the magnetic flux in the air gap, reversal / stop of the polarity of the magnetic pole, etc. can be adjusted freely. Next, regarding the concentration of magnetic flux in the air gap, when providing a radial slot for inserting a magnet in each pole core, the radial length of the slot is made longer than the circumferential length per pole of the air gap. By increasing the length of the iron core into which the magnet is inserted compared to the axial length of the stator, it is possible to further increase the magnetic force of the stator. That is, it is necessary to increase the axial length so that the area of the magnet on the magnetic flux generation side is equal to or more than よ り of the area of the stator facing the rotor per one pole. For this purpose, it is important to keep the core of each pole in a separated structure or a mechanically minimally required coupling, or to make the coupling non-magnetic so as to prevent magnetic flux from leaking out of the gap as much as possible. One method is to combine almost all of the parts other than the iron core with a non-magnetic material. Also, by using a replaceable electromagnet together, the concentration of magnetic flux and the temporal adjustment of magnetic flux become possible, and ideal control of output and voltage becomes possible. Furthermore, regarding the combined use of a magnet and an electromagnet, in order to enable the combined use of a magnet and an electromagnet, the structure of the electromagnet must be replaced with a magnet. This is made possible by devising a structure that is simple and easy to replace. Magnetic poles can be easily formed with any number of poles in the inner and outer diameters and left and right directions, and any arrangement and coupling can be performed. Furthermore, it becomes possible to divide the electromagnets in the same direction and combine them at the time of construction to make them into a desired size, thereby improving the quantitative productivity. Regarding stator windings and productivity, the stator windings and wound-type rotor windings of current motors and generators are somewhat streamlined, but are the biggest bottleneck in productivity. Therefore, the bobbin type electromagnet structure of the present invention has remarkable effects on productivity, cost, stability and reliability of electric work. For a single-phase or multi-phase electric machine, the same electromagnet can be formed by simply changing the angle of several electromagnets in accordance with the phase angle and combining them. The iron core used for this electromagnet is provided with, for example, a sintered material having a small eddy current loss due to an alternating magnetic field, a material formed by bonding fine iron powder with a binder such as a resin, a laminated electromagnetic steel plate and a sintered material, a thin steel plate or a slit. For example, a combination of magnetic poles formed by squeezing a thick steel plate whose loss has been reduced is used. In the case of multi-phase, by forming adjacent magnetic poles integrally instead of each phase alone, magnetic poles can be manufactured with fewer manufacturing tools than for each phase. For example, when manufacturing with a sintered material, a single tool (in the case of each phase manufacturing, at least two tools) is sufficient. Further, the winding type rotor, which has been used only for a large-sized machine or a special induction motor, can be easily applied to a small-to-medium-sized machine by using the bobbin electromagnet of the present invention, thereby further improving the characteristics.

[0005]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram comparing a conventional electric-driven system and a motor-generator system according to the present invention. FIG. Shows an example in which the power is used as power for the machine tool 20 and the compressor 21. As described above, in a factory or a consumer site, an electric motor is generally used only for power. These motors 1
0, 10a, the machine tool 20, and the compressor 21 are controlled by control panels 30 and 30a. On the other hand, in the motor generator system of the present invention shown in FIG. The aim is to provide a motor-generator system that matches the resource-saving era. If the amount of power generated by the conventional power generation system using an electric motor is insufficient, the internal combustion engine 40a or the electric motor 11a dedicated to a new generator is used.
Of course, the generators 10b and 10c connected to the power supply may be added. Electric motor 1 connected to power system 1
An internal combustion engine 40 as a prime mover and an electric motor 11 are added to the outside of the motors 10 and 10a.
It is also what you are trying to use. These are controlled by the control panels 30b and 30c. The newly added generators 10b and 10c are control panels 30d and 30e.
Is controlled by A storage battery 60 is provided for storing surplus power or for replenishing power in the event of power shortage, for power storage or storage.
The power can be exchanged with. In these power generation systems, when a motor other than the induction motor is used, complicated and expensive voltage regulators, frequency regulators, and power converters are required between the power system 1 and each device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example in which the system described in FIG. 1 is constructed as simple as possible by using an induction motor in the motor of the old and new systems, and FIG. 2A is connected to the power system 1a. Induction motors 12, 12a and 1
It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the conventional system which applied 2b. A blade 70 is attached to the induction motor 12 as a representative of the fluid device, and the induction motor 12 is operated as a blower.
Reference numeral 12b is used as power for the pump turbine 22 and the compressor 23, respectively. As described above, in a factory or a consumer site, an electric motor is generally used only for power. The induction motors 12, 12a, 12b, the pump turbine 22, and the compressor 23 are provided with control panels 31, 31a, and 3
1b. In contrast, FIG.
In the motor generator system of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, what was conventionally operated as a blower by attaching the blades 70 to the induction motor 12 can be used as a generator 12 ′ by simply changing the electric circuit as it is, or The machine 12a 'is powered by water or the like from the outside, or is intended to be used as a generator by replacing the motor generator 13 as an integral unit. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and stable motor power generation system that does not require a voltage regulator or the like and matches the resource saving era. If the amount of power generated by the conventional induction motors 12 ', 12a', and 13 alone is insufficient, the new internal combustion engine 41a dedicated to the generator, the electric motor 12e, and the generators 12c and 12d driven by the human power 28 are used. , 12f may be added. The generators 12 ', 12a' and 13 are controlled by control panels 31c, 31d and 31e, and newly added generators 12c, 12d and 1e.
2f is controlled by control panels 31f, 31g and 31h. In addition, an energy storage device such as a storage battery 61 for storing power or storing energy is provided for storing surplus power or for replenishing power in the event of power shortage, and power can be exchanged with the power system 1a via the inverter 51 or the like. It has become. When an induction motor is used as a generator, a rotor suitable for control, such as an induction generator or an asynchronous generator, may be a wound type or a deep groove type, which is suitable for a generator system using 12 ′, 12a ′ and 13. Of course, things are used preferentially.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an application example of a fluid machine typified by a blower or a pump to a generator. FIGS. 3a1 and 3a2.
Indicates the case of operation as a blower, and the power system 1b
The motor 14 rotates the blades 71 by the control panel 32 and emits wind in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure. FIG. 3a2 is a cross-sectional view developed by cross-sectioning the circumference of a certain radius from the rotation axis of the blade 71. By rotating in the rotation direction of the black arrow, the wind is sent in the direction of the arrow. Has become. FIGS. 3b1 and 3b2 show the blowers of FIGS. 3a1 and 3a2 without any mechanical change such as the blade 71, and electrically change the phase order in the case of a multi-phase machine and the polarity of the main winding in the case of a single-phase machine. By changing the direction of rotation of the blower, power is generated by receiving external wind opposite to the blow direction. In this case, the number of revolutions is increased to near the synchronous speed by the electric motor 14a so that the electric power can be generated even by a slight outside wind, and the electric power is generated at a rotational speed higher than the synchronous speed corresponding to the magnitude of the wind power. A current corresponding to the amount of power generation is supplied to the system 1b by voltage. The control of this blower is performed by the control panel 32a. FIG. 3b2 shows a cross section of the blade 71 exactly the same as FIG. 3a2. 3c1 and 3c2 show the blowers of FIGS. 3a1 and 3a2 in FIGS.
Contrary to b2, without making any electrical circuit changes,
Use the blade 71a with the twist angle reversed such as the blade 71, or in the case of the centrifugal blade only by mechanical change of the flow path, etc., to generate power by receiving the external wind opposite to the blowing direction I have. In this case, the number of rotations is increased by the electric motor 14b in the same rotation direction as at the time of blowing so that the electric motor 14b can generate electric power even with a slight outside wind, and the number of rotations is higher than the synchronization speed corresponding to the magnitude of the wind force. The power generation is performed, and the voltage is the voltage of the system 1b and the current corresponding to the amount of power generation is supplied to the system 1b. The control of this blower is performed by the control panel 32b.
FIG. 3c2 shows a cross section of the blade 71a having a twist angle completely opposite to that of FIG. 3a2.

FIGS. 4a and 4b show various types of sensors 91, 91a and 91 in the electric power generation system using a plurality of fluid machines according to the present invention.
b, the operation state is grasped, and the central controller 82, 83 controls the entire system to operate efficiently. FIG. 4a shows whether the system is electric or power generation. FIG. 4B shows an example in which the operation is switched at the same time, and FIG. 4B determines the operation number of each of the blowers in the motor-generator system, whether the power generation or the electric power generation, and simultaneously performs the combined operation of the power generation and the electric power. 1 shows an example of a system that has been implemented. 4a and 4b, 17, 17a, 17b are motor generators, 72, 72a.
And 72b indicate blades, and 34, 34a, 34b, 34
c34d and 34e indicate control panels for controlling the respective blowers. 63 indicates an energy storage device such as a storage battery, and 53 indicates an energy conversion device such as an inverter.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an example in which the motor generator system of the present invention is constructed in a place where there is no power system or in a transportation system such as an automobile. It has become. A power generation system is shown in which a power storage device 64, an inverter 54, or an AC synchronous generator 18d is driven by a prime mover 43b such as an internal combustion engine as a power supply to be supplied to the system 1d. The motor generator connected to the system 1d has the above-described contents, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. 18, 18a are motor generators, 18b, 18c,
Reference numeral 18d denotes a generator, and 19a denotes a motor for driving the generator 18c. 26 denotes a pump turbine, and 43a
Reference numerals 43b denote a prime mover such as a driving internal combustion engine. 10
Reference numeral 0 denotes a condenser for improving the power factor of the system load and adjusting the power generation waveform, and reference numeral 101 denotes a general loader that supplies power in the system 1d.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example in which an element for moving air by a magnet 104 is mounted on a blower. FIG. 6A shows a case where one element is mounted, and FIG. 6B shows a case where a plurality of elements are mounted. H is an inclined hole that makes the magnetic field stronger in the direction of wind flow.
By utilizing the fact that oxygen in the air is a paramagnetic substance, it is moved without energy and contributes to improving the performance of the blower. Incidentally, a wind speed of 0.6 m / s can be obtained with a magnetic field of 1 Tesla. FIG. 6B shows an example in which a plurality of magnets 105 are provided, which aims to increase air movement without energy. 15 is an electric motor, 74 is a blade,
Reference numerals 102 and 103 represent frames. Of course, the same effect can be obtained by using an electromagnet as the magnet.

FIG. 7 shows a wind power generator that generates wind by receiving wind from all around. A wind direction guide 107 is arranged around a centrifugal blade 75 so that the wind can effectively act on the blade in any direction of wind. It is devised. FIG. 7A is an overall sectional view, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view showing the relationship between the blade 75 and the wind direction guide 107. Reference numeral 15a indicates a generator. The wind direction guide not only raises the power generation efficiency but also aims to eliminate the uneasiness caused by the rotation of the propeller type generator when it also serves as a safety cover for the blade rotation. In addition, because it is small and compact, it is superior to the propeller type in terms of protection against strong winds and lightning strikes.

FIG. 8 shows an adduction type induction motor. FIG. 8A shows a rotor 113 alone or an electromagnet 12 formed by a rotor bar 111.
FIG. 8b shows a cross-sectional structure of an induction motor having a rotor 113 configured in combination with a conventional rotor bar rotor 113 '. When a coil 119 or 119 'is energized to a coil wound on the stator 112 or 112', a rotating magnetic field is generated, and thereby an electromagnetic force is generated between the coil and the current generated in the rotor 113 or 113 'and the motor is used as a motor. work. Further, the rotor 113 is driven from the outside by a power source, and a coil 115 wound around the stators 112 and 112 'is energized by a power supply, and is wound around the stators 112 and 112' at a synchronous speed or higher. When a voltage corresponding to the number of rotations is generated in the coil 115 and the like, and a load such as a resistor is connected to the electric extraction cords 119 and 119 ', a current flows to supply electric power. The voltage generated by the coil is proportional to the magnetic flux density in the gap between the stator and the rotor, and is also proportional to the number of revolutions. The present invention is suitable as a power generation system by improving the structure of the rotor 113, the combination of the electromagnets 120, and the like.

Next, with respect to the rotor of the present invention, its iron core structure, conductor plate, rotor bar, winding configuration and the like will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 9 is an explanatory view of the merits rotor used in the rotary electric machine, FIG. 9a1, FIGS 9a2 and FIG 9a3 is provided with a cutout portion C on the outer periphery, the current I has flowed rotor bar 111a is cut away outer peripheral conductor Plate 126 and outer circumference
An example of an induction motor that flows through the inner peripheral portion of a disc-shaped conductor plate 126 'having an increased electrical resistance and has improved startup and output characteristics is described. As a result, the conductor plate 126 , the disc-shaped conductor plate 1
Ferromagnetic body 140 and iron core 124a arranged on both side walls of 26 '
To increase the magnetic resistance and limit the current in accordance with the frequency, thereby improving the starting characteristics and the output characteristics with respect to the number of revolutions. Rotor bar 1 arranged inside core
25 also has the same function as the conductor plate 126 and the disc-shaped conductor plate 126 ', and has a structure in which a ferromagnetic material 141 is disposed in the vicinity to enhance the effect. The axial width of the rotor core 124a is larger than the axial width of the stator core 112a, and is arranged at the center of the rotor core 124a in order to reduce the magnetic flux density and reduce the electric resistance in the rotor bar. Conductor plate 1
26 , the electric circuit can be formed as short as possible between the disc-shaped conductor plate 126 ' and the end ring 123a, thereby improving the output and efficiency. 115
a indicates a stator winding, and 118a indicates a shaft. 1
Numeral 27a is a through hole provided in the outer peripheral portion of the conductor plate 126 and the disc-shaped conductor plate 126 ' so that the rotor bar 111a can pass therethrough. 128 is a conductor plate 126 , a disc-shaped conductor plate 1
The rotor bar 125 passes through a through hole provided in the inner peripheral portion of 26 ' . 129a is the shaft 118
The through-hole a is shown. 9b1, 9b2, and 9b3 show electromagnetic coils 120b arranged on both sides of a rotor constituted by the rotor bar 111b, the end ring 123b, and the rotor core 124b of the present invention. A DC magnetic field is generated, or a rotating magnetic field is generated by a single-phase or multi-phase AC, thereby starting a rotating electric machine and improving output characteristics. 112b is a stator core, 115b is a stator winding, and 118b is a shaft. 123b is an end ring, 127b is a through hole of the rotor bar 111b, and 129b is a shaft 1
18b shows a through hole 18b. Of course, iron cores 124a, 124b
Alternatively, a magnet for inserting a magnet may be provided with a slit and a magnet may be added to be used as a rotor of a magnet type rotating electric machine.

FIG. 10 shows several examples for realizing the characteristics required for a rotating electric machine by variously combining the palanquin type rotor shown in FIG. 9b1 and the coil conductor of the present invention. FIG.
1 is exactly the same as FIG. 9b1, and the description is omitted. FIG. 10a2
Indicates a rotor in which the coil 130 is disposed deep inside the rotor core 124c and the rotor bar 111c is disposed on the outer periphery. The starting and the generator characteristics are largely adjusted and finely adjusted by the coil 130. As an example of an induction machine using this, it is used to greatly change the rotation speed characteristic as shown in the graph of FIG. 112c denotes a stator core, 115c denotes a stator winding, and 118c denotes a shaft. FIG. 10a3 shows a rotor in which a rotor bar 125a is arranged deep inside the rotor core 124c and a coil 130a is arranged on the outer periphery. The starting and generator characteristics are low.
For example, the coil 130a is used to largely change the characteristics near the synchronous speed as shown in the graph of FIG. 12C. 112d is a stator core, 115d
Denotes a stator winding and 118d denotes a shaft. FIG. 10a4 has the same configuration as FIG.
An example in which the thickness of 4d is obtained from the thickness of the stator core 112e is shown.
At the same time as the graph shown in FIG. 3C, the output is largely changed, and at the same time, the effect of protruding the iron core is aimed at, and the overall output characteristics and the efficiency are improved. 112e is a stator core, 11
5e indicates a stator winding, 118e indicates a shaft, and 125b indicates a rotor bar. FIGS. 10a5 and 10a6 correspond to FIGS. 10a3 and 10a4 and the rotor core 124, respectively.
e, rotor bar 125 arranged near the inner periphery of 124f
one or more conductor plates 126 juxtaposed with c, 125d
Except for aiming for a synergistic effect with b and 126c, the configuration is almost the same, but an example is shown in which the starting and output characteristics are significantly improved. 112f and 112g are stator cores, 115
f and 115g indicate stator windings, 118f and 118g indicate shafts, and 130c and 130d indicate coils. In FIGS. 10a2 to 10a6, it is of course possible to replace the rotor bar with a coil. The power factor of the induction generator can be arbitrarily changed by applying a voltage different in phase from the rotor secondary induced voltage by 90 degrees to these coils, so that the power factor balance can be adjusted according to the load connected to the system. It is effective to take. In addition, a DC current is passed through the coil to produce a DC electromagnet,
It can be used for linear electric machines and pancake type electric machines.

FIG. 11 shows one example of a rotor structure in which the rotor core is divided so as to insert a magnet or the like, in order to prevent deformation or protrusion due to centrifugal force acting on the core during rotation.
FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of a stator and a rotor of a rotating electric machine to which the present invention is applied. 112h indicates a stator core, and 115h indicates a stator winding. In the rotor, a rotor core 124h is divided at the center by a conductor plate 126d and a reinforcing plate, and an end ring 123c serving as a conductor and reinforcement is provided on both sides of the rotor core 124h, and a rotor bar 111d is provided on an outer peripheral portion. It is configured. In FIG. 11b, the end ring 123c is provided with a ring-shaped protrusion 131 and the like, and the iron core 124h is provided with a ring-shaped groove 135 that engages with the protrusion 131. It goes without saying that the ring-shaped projections and grooves provided on the end ring 123c and the iron core 124h may be provided in reverse. 12
7c is a divided iron core 124 through which the rotor bar 111d passes.
Reference numeral 134 denotes a spacer provided to support and fix the divided iron core 124h. FIG. 11c shows a split iron core 124h.
An example is shown in which the conductor plate 126d formed by dividing the conductor plate is also used as a reinforcing plate to prevent deformation and protrusion due to centrifugal force. Protrusion pins 136 are provided on both surfaces of the conductor plate 126d, and the divided iron core 124h is In addition, a large number of holes 133 are provided for engaging with the pins 136. It goes without saying that the pin-shaped projections and holes provided on the conductor plate 126d and the iron core 124h may be provided in reverse. 127d
Is a hole through which the rotor bar 111d provided in the conductor plate 126d passes.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing changes in the characteristics of various induction generators, and FIG. 12a shows changes in the characteristics of the generator due to changes in the resistance of the rotor conductor. The resistance increases as going from the graphs c1 to c5. Particularly, in the case of a winding type rotor, the characteristics can be largely changed. FIG.
b is a graph showing characteristics when the frequency of the power supply for excitation is changed.The power generation characteristic is moved in parallel with the rotation speed, and the synchronous speed is changed by changing the frequency of the power supply applied to the stator winding.
It is used when the characteristics are largely changed. The power supply frequency increases from the graphs c6 to c8. FIG.
c is a graph showing a change in the characteristic when the voltage of the excitation power supply to be put into the rotor winding is changed, and is used when the characteristic near the synchronous speed is largely changed. The graph c10 is a state before the characteristics are changed, and the graph c9 is a graph when a voltage having an opposite phase to the current flowing through the rotor winding is applied. c11 is a graph when a voltage having the same phase as that of the current flowing through the rotor winding is applied, and the characteristics can be moved in parallel while the rotation speed before the change is increased.

FIG. 13 shows the rotor cores 124i, 124j, 124 based on the axial widths of the stator cores 112i, 112j.
The width of m is extended, and the rotor bar 111e and the winding 130e at the protruding portion are effectively used to improve characteristics such as performance and efficiency. That is, the diameter of the end ring 123d and the coil end E of the rotor winding 130e is made as small as possible, and the diameter is reduced to 1/3 of the rotor outer diameter.
The magnetic field formed by the current flowing in the rotor bar as shown in FIG. 13a2 is formed to increase the magnetic field in the air gap as shown in FIG. 13a2. In order to more reliably form the magnetic field, iron cores 124j, 124k and 124n made of sintering or lamination are provided. The magnetic flux generated by the current I passes through one end to the outside, and an iron core 12 made of a sintered material or the like provided on the rotor side wall.
After passing through 4k or 124n, it returns to the gap from the iron core of the adjacent pole. In order to strengthen this magnetic field, an end coil having several turns in a coil shape may be added,
It is also possible to use a strong magnetic sintered body such as iron nitride for j, 124k and 124n. The end ring 123d is formed deep in the iron core, and can exert a deep groove effect of the rotor bar, and also has an effect of improving starting characteristics, improving characteristics of a generator, and adjusting characteristics. 115i, 1
Reference numeral 15j denotes a stator winding, and 126e denotes a conductor plate having the same function as the above-described deep groove rotor bar and end ring 123d.

FIG. 14 is a view in which the stator cores 112k and 112m are extended in length in the axial direction of the rotor cores 124o and 124r to improve the characteristics and efficiency. The operation is performed at the protruding ends and ends of the rotor bar 111f. The operation of the ring 123e is exactly the same as that of FIG. 14a1, 14a
2 extends the stator core 112k to the full extent of the protruding rotor bar 111f, and aims at increasing the characteristics by the additional action between the current I flowing through the protruding bar and the stator winding 115k, and at the same time, the end is as shown in FIG. The effect is also aimed at. FIGS. 14b1 and 14b2 show a bobbin-type stator composed of a protruding winding rotor, an iron core 112m, and a coil 115m, which is constituted by the rotor core 124r, the winding 130f, the iron core 124s, and the shaft 118m described in FIG. This is a configuration that aims to further ensure the effect of the stator protruding. In particular, this is an epoch-making one in which the coil end E and the like are also effectively acted to reliably contribute to the improvement of characteristics. Reference numerals 124p and 124q are made of an iron core using a sintered material or the like and having a small eddy loss, and are configured to effectively bring out the effect of the protruding portion.
118k is a shaft, and 126f is a conductor plate.

FIG. 15 shows a slotless cylindrical iron core 112n, 124u and a coil 115n, 1
30f is fixed with an adhesive or the like to reduce cogging to reduce the starting torque or improve the efficiency, so that the fixed coils 115n and 130f are not deformed or peeled during rotation. Cylindrical holder 15
The fastening projections 151 provided on the outer cores 0 and 150a are securely fixed by holes and the like provided in the cylindrical iron cores 112n and 124u. Also, in order to simplify the winding and electrical work and improve reliability, the number of coils is reduced by 1 /
2, the workability is further improved, and at the same time, the magnetic material powder 160a is impregnated in the fixing agent 160, thereby sufficiently compensating for the lack of magnetic flux and greatly improving the characteristics. Further, instead of the cylindrical holders 150 and 150a, a laminated iron core is provided with a slot or a skew so as to be able to cope with a device having a large capacity. FIG. 15a1
Fig. 15a2 illustrates an example in which a slitless iron core is applied to a stator. Fig. 15a2 illustrates an example in which a slitless iron core is applied to a rotor. 11
1 g indicates the rotor bar of the palanquin-type rotor, and 123 s indicates the end ring of the palanquin-type rotor. 118n, 118
Reference symbol o denotes a shaft, 112o denotes a stator core, and 115o denotes a stator coil. FIG. 15a3 is a diagram in which the windings are developed in the circumferential direction, and shows an example in which the windings are concentrated by image coils. FIG. 15a4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 15a3 viewed from the side, and shows the relationship among the cylindrical iron core 112, the coil 115n, the holder 150, and the fastening protrusion 151.

FIG. 16 shows an abduction type generator. FIG. 16a shows a cross-sectional structure of a generator having a magnet 202 or electromagnets 242, 243 of the present invention and a rotor 202 constituted by a combination thereof, and FIG. Conventional cylindrical magnet rotor 20
2 shows a cross-sectional structure of a generator having 2 ′. When the rotor is driven from the outside by a power source, a voltage is generated in the coil wound on the stator in accordance with the number of rotations, and the electric extraction cord 2
If a load such as a resistor is connected to 07, a current flows and power is supplied. The voltage generated by the coil is proportional to the magnetic flux density in the gap between the stator and the rotor, and is also proportional to the number of revolutions. Focusing on how the magnetic flux density of the air gap is greatly related to the improvement of the performance and efficiency of the generator, the present invention has devised a structure capable of dramatically improving the characteristics. In addition, by increasing the axial length of the rotor magnet and making use of the available space inside the electric machine as much as possible, even for inexpensive weak magnets and electromagnets and their combinations, the rotor outer diameter is not greatly increased. In addition, we devised an economical (about 1/3) structure that can dramatically improve the characteristics as in the case of using a strong magnet. [0021] Next, a measure for improving the magnetic flux density of the air gap by the magnet will be described with reference to Figs. FIG. 17 shows an embodiment of an everting type generator, and FIG. 18 shows an embodiment of an inside out type generator. 17a, the rotor is made of a non-magnetic material, the power transmission outer frame 210, and six divided cores (six in this example).
213 and six magnets 214. At this time, the space 216 sandwiched between the a and b portions of the magnet stator and side outer frame, the outer frame 210 and the iron core 213 is made of air or a non-magnetic material, or the iron core or the side plate (ferromagnetic) Even if this part must be configured as part of the body), increase the magnetic resistance so that there is no leakage of magnetic flux as much as possible, and reduce the leakage of magnetic flux from the magnet end. It has a structure to hide. By making twice the radial length of the magnet 214 larger than the circumferential length per pole of the gap of the iron core 213, the magnetic flux in the gap can be made larger than the magnetic flux of the magnet 214. Similarly, when the outer diameter cannot be increased or when a strong magnet flux is to be obtained with a weak magnet, increase the axial length of the magnet core or utilize the free space to reduce the effective area of the magnet from the area of the gap. By increasing it, the so-called magnetic flux concentration effect of the present invention can be achieved, which leads to a dramatic increase in the performance of the generator. As shown in the drawing, the polarity of the magnet 214 is removably inserted into a slit formed by two iron cores 213 adjacent to each other so as to face one iron core 213 so as to face the same polarity so that a gap with the iron core 213 hardly occurs. ing. If a gap is unavoidable on the work, the magnetic resistance is reduced as much as possible by using a ferromagnetic adjustment plate or a powdered magnetic material (a liquid magnetic fluid may be used).
Incidentally, there is a ferromagnetic material such as iron in the portions a and b, and there is data of a two- to three-fold output difference although the performance difference is an example of a generator. By the way, what was 600 w in the case of presence was improved to 1800 w in the case of no presence. The space 216 also contributes to the magnetic flux concentration. By making the magnet part detachable structure, the same magnetic force changes the radial length,
With the same length, the characteristics can be easily changed or adjusted by changing the strength of the magnetic force or the length in the axial direction. FIG. 18B shows an example in which magnets 214a and 214b having different strengths are provided in the slits, which is effective for changing the magnetic flux distribution in the air gap and increasing the magnetic force. FIG. 18c is effective for homogenizing the magnetic flux distribution in the air gap and has a trapezoidal cross section. FIG. 18D shows that the number of magnets having the same strength is increased to two per pole, which is effective for further increasing the magnetic force in the air gap, and a further dramatic improvement in performance can be expected. FIG. 18e shows two types of magnets, mainly composed of 214a ', which determine the magnetic field of the air gap, and fine adjustment of the magnetic field by 214b'. FIG. 18f shows a configuration example in which a strong air gap magnetic field can be expected by combining the conventional cylindrical magnet with the magnet of the present invention. This is effective for obtaining a strong air gap flux with a combination of weak magnets,
Combining the axial length, empty space, and the like can provide a magnet structure that is even more economical. [0022] Figs. 18a to 18f show an adduction type generator, but the structure is basically the same as that of the addendum type generator shown in Fig. 17, and the description is omitted. Although the description has been made with reference to a generator as an example, it is needless to say that the same technology can be applied to a motor as it is. Needless to say, this principle of magnetic force concentration can be applied to any electric machine using another magnet. For example, pancake type electric machines, linear motors, magnet devices, etc. [0023] FIG. 19 is a plan view showing an example of the split core portion of the rotor of the above-mentioned epi-generator, but provided with slots (three in the figure) 231 facing the gap with the stator. It is. This is because when using a magnet rotor for a synchronous motor or a wind turbine generator using a thrust type propeller, it can be started by itself without using complicated and expensive electronic circuits.
This is for forming a girdle-type rotor or a winding-type rotor used for a simple induction motor or the like. Start as a single-phase or multi-phase induction motor. In order to increase the starting torque, the shape of the slot is variously changed, and for example, it is possible to cope with a need such as a deep groove slot. [0024] FIG. 20 shows an example in which a peg-shaped rotor is formed on an abduction-type generator using FIG. 19a. The configuration of the palanquin-shaped rotor is as shown in FIGS. Made of two conductors, two side plates 218 and a plurality of bars 219
The rotor is integrated by caulking or die casting. It is of course possible to improve the starting characteristics by skewing the rotor bar or skewing the stator. When the magnet of the present invention is extended in the axial direction, in the case of FIG. 20b, the iron core is divided by the side plate 218. However, as shown in FIG. 20c, the length of the side plate 218 in the radial direction is reduced as much as possible. As described above, the magnet 214 is extended in the axial direction with the same cross-sectional area, disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the magnet core (on the outer peripheral surface in the case of the adduction type), and extended on both sides.
And the magnetic fluxes from the electromagnets 242 and 243 are arranged in the step portion 232 of the rotor core provided to prevent the leakage from the stator end face so that the magnetic flux from the electromagnets 242 and 243 is concentrated in the stator gap. The effect is reduced. FIG. 20D shows a case where only the magnet 214 is extended in the axial direction of the rotor, and FIG. 20E shows a case where the rotor magnet 214 is opposed to the stator 212.
The figure shows a case in which electromagnets 242 and 243 are added to both sides of. In this case, the magnetic flux leakage prevention gap 2 of the electromagnet 242
52 and the magnetic flux leakage prevention gap 253 of the electromagnet 243 are provided so as to effectively function to prevent short-circuit of magnetic flux to the stator. [0025] FIG. 21 shows an example of FIG. 17f, in which the space of the magnetic pole arrangement is limited by a motor or a generator, and the magnet space is effectively used on the whole or a part of the three-dimensional surface by effectively utilizing the limited magnetic pole space. Are organically arranged so that the magnetic flux is concentrated to the maximum in the gap. The combination magnet may have an integral structure if it is partially structurally possible. For example, magnet 21
4a "and the magnet 214d arranged on the magnetic pole surface in the axial direction may be formed in a ring shape to increase the productivity by increasing the magnet 214c or 214b".
May be combined with to form a cap. A cylindrical magnet 214c is arranged on the outer periphery of the magnetic pole, and an iron core 213a for forming a magnetic flux path is arranged on the outer periphery of the cylindrical magnet. In addition, magnet 2
Similarly, an iron core 213b is arranged outside of 14d,
The magnet 214d works effectively. These magnets are all arranged such that the polarity of each magnet is set to N or S as shown so that the magnetic flux concentrates in the gap. Properly providing a non-magnetic space so that each magnet minimizes magnetic flux short circuit and leakage is performed as a matter of course. [0026] FIGS. 22 and 23 are views for explaining the structure of an electromagnet having a donut structure that can be combined with another magnet or electromagnet of the present invention. FIG. 22 shows an example of two poles, and FIG. 23 shows an example of six poles. Is shown. Next, these electromagnets will be described in detail with reference to FIG. In FIGS. 22a and 22b, N and S magnetic poles are formed on the outer circumference, and when this is used as a rotor, it is applied to an adduction type. In the case of coupling with other magnets or electromagnets, it is performed on the outer peripheral surface by matching with the magnetic pole of the partner. The magnetic poles are matched by changing the polarity of the DC power supply from the terminals a and b of the coil 260a. Reference numeral 250 denotes a gap for preventing short-circuiting of magnetic fluxes of the N and S poles when a magnetic field is formed. The material of the magnetic pole may be a ferromagnetic material such as iron in the case of a DC electromagnet. However, when used as an AC electromagnet, a sintered material of a ferromagnetic material such as iron, which hardly generates an eddy current due to an alternating magnetic field, or an iron core formed by molding a fine iron powder with a binder is used. Further, an iron core may be formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets such as a silicon steel sheet or combining a complicated shape portion with a sintered material or the like. The electrical angle of the cut portion shown in FIG. 22b is obtained by the following equation: electrical angle of the cut portion = 180 degrees− ｛2π × the number of phases to be excited / the number of poles of the rotor × the number of phases of the motor｝ degree Rotation of the rotor This contributes to improving the output efficiency of the electric machine by minimizing the conversion loss caused by the polarity conversion of the electric power generated in the coil accompanying this, and significantly increases the cost if this function is performed electronically. In addition to the increase in the number of poles, the circuit becomes more complicated in proportion to the increase in the number of poles, which causes a significant decrease in reliability. The present invention can be realized only with a simple iron core structure and is a very effective method. Incidentally, the difference in efficiency depending on the presence or absence of the cut portion was 7% in the case of the 500 W generator. FIGS. 22C and 22D each have a magnetic pole on the inner peripheral surface, and the structure is a reversal structure of the electromagnet of the outer peripheral magnetic pole in FIGS. 22A and 22B. Functionally the same. FIGS. 22e and 22f show magnetic poles on the right side, and FIGS. 22g and 22h show magnetic poles on the left side. With these four types of electromagnets, it can be combined with other magnets and electromagnets in any direction inside, outside, left and right,
A variety of magnet configurations are possible with various magnet connections. FIG. 23 is an example of four types of electromagnets having six poles. However, due to the structural characteristics, the multipole type that cannot be realized with the conventional structure is larger than the conventional one with the electromagnet structure of the present invention. Is an epoch-making thing that can be easily realized and can be made with almost no increase in cost. FIG. 24 is a schematic view of four types of electromagnets of a six-pole electric machine and magnets for the internal and external rotors, in order to make it easy to understand the combination when forming the magnets of the internal and external rotors. FIG. 1 shows an outer magnetic pole type electromagnet, FIG. 2 shows an inner magnetic pole type electromagnet, FIG. 3 shows a right magnetic pole type electromagnet, and FIG. 4 shows a left magnetic pole type electromagnet. FIG. 5 shows a magnet for an abduction rotor, and FIG. 6 shows a magnet for an abduction rotor. [0027] FIG. 25 shows an example of a combination of a magnet for an adduction rotor and an electromagnet, and FIG. 26 shows an example of a combination of a magnet for an auction rotor and an electromagnet. Here, FIG. 26 will be described. FIG. 26a shows an example in which a magnetic pole is formed by only one outer-pole-type electromagnet. FIG. 26b is formed with one electromagnet inside and one magnet outside. FIG. 26c shows an example of the combination of the magnet and the left-side magnetic pole type electromagnet. However, the right-side magnetic pole type electromagnet may be coupled to the left side of the magnet. FIGS. 26d and 26i show examples of a combination of two and three electromagnets. 26e and j are examples in which a magnet is combined with the outer surface of the electromagnets d and i described above, but an electromagnet may be coupled to the side surface of the magnet. FIG.
f, g, and h are examples in which one magnet or electromagnet is combined with two other magnets or electromagnets. Although various combinations have been described above, other combinations are also possible.
In any case, a connection suitable for the purpose may be adopted. In each case, an electromagnet is always inserted, and it is possible to adjust the magnetic flux in the air gap and control the magnetic flux in real time,
Necessary characteristics can be freely achieved. For example, when the rotation speed fluctuates greatly due to the wind intensity or load such as a wind power generator, and the generated voltage greatly changes, or when the voltage needs to be kept constant. Will be able to do it. [0028] FIGS. 27 and 28 show examples in which a stator of a three-phase electric machine using three inner and outer magnetic pole type electromagnets having two poles and six poles is formed. 27a and 27b are applied to a stator of an AC two-pole electric machine of an abduction type rotor. FIG. 27a shows a stator, and FIG. 27b shows a positional relationship of electromagnets when each phase is coupled. The angle is shifted by 120 degrees. FIGS. 27c and 27d are applied to the stator of the electric motor of the adduction type rotor. FIG. 28 shows an application to a stator of a three-phase six-pole electric machine.
8a shows a stator, and FIG. 28b shows the positional relationship of the electromagnets at the time of coupling of each phase, which is shifted by 120 degrees in electrical angle like the two poles. FIGS. 28c and 28d are applied to the stator of the electric machine of the adduction type rotor. FIGS. 27 and 28 show an example in which the stator of the AC three-phase electric machine is configured by one electromagnet in each phase, but may be formed by a plurality of electromagnets in each phase. In that case, the electromagnets of each phase may have either a centralized or a dispersed configuration. Although the application of the stator has been extended, it can be applied not only to the winding type rotor that is often used in large-sized machines, but also to medium- and low-capacity electric machines that are difficult to apply in terms of cost. Figure 1 in that case
6, slip ring 2 for externally supplying power to the electromagnet
40 are required. [0029] FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram relating to the structure of a two-pole electromagnet core, showing the structure of an iron core that can be manufactured with one manufacturing tool. FIGS. 29a and 29b and FIGS. 29c and 29d show the cores of the outer and inner magnetic poles for one winding, respectively. The iron core 272 has an outer magnetic pole type, and the iron core 273 has an inner magnetic pole type. 29e, f, g and 26h, i, j show the cores of the outer and inner magnetic poles for two windings, respectively. The two iron cores have an integral structure
The structure is shifted in the direction of rotation by 120 degrees. Although the illustration shows an example of two poles, it can be applied to a multi-pole iron core as well, and the more poles it has, the better the productivity is compared to the conventional one. 29e, f, g and FIG.
h, i, j are very effective when utilized for three-phase electric machines. Here, an example of a core having a different phase is described, but the same phase can also be applied by using two cores as target structures. The iron core 274 has an outer magnetic pole type, and the iron core 275 has an inner magnetic pole type. [0030] FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram of an iron core structure for reducing eddy current loss of an AC electromagnet. 30a and 30b show an iron core structure obtained by sintering or hardening iron powder with a binder. The shape can correspond to a complicated shape. FIGS. 30c and 30d show a combined structure of an electromagnetic steel plate 281b and an iron core 281a obtained by solidifying iron powder with a binder to sufficiently cope with a complicated structure of magnetic poles. FIGS. 30e and 30f show a combination of an electromagnetic steel sheet 282b and an iron core 282a having a drawing structure of a thick iron sheet (thin steel sheets can be laminated) having a slit 283 provided to reduce eddy current loss which can sufficiently cope with a complicated structure of magnetic poles. It becomes a structure. It can provide an iron core that can be used as an AC stator or a core of a wound-type rotor, and at the same time can provide revolutionary cost-effective key parts for rotating electric machines when used together with windings with outstanding productivity. It is an iron core for interchange.

As described above, there are numerous motors used in the industrial and consumer industries connected to the electric power system, and the number of such motors will be enormous in view of new ones to be laid in the future. If a motor such as an internal combustion engine is added to these motors, or if they are newly installed as an all-in-one motor generator on any machine, they will not only be used for conventional electric power but also have a power generation function. Has a tremendous effect, including the reduction of electricity costs, the elimination of the power peak problem, and the drastic increase in the power generation capacity of society as a whole. If an induction motor is used as the motor generator, there is no fluctuation in voltage and frequency, and power exchange with the system can be performed independently and independently, regardless of the motor or generator connected to the system. A system can be constructed without the need for a regulator, a frequency regulator, a power storage device, an energy conversion device, and the like, and a power generation system with outstanding resource saving effects can be realized. When using natural energy such as wind power or hydropower, if a single large equipment is used, the production will be one-piece production, expensive, installation, transportation, noise during operation, shutdown of high winds, etc. While there are many problems such as installation, if this system is used to construct a system with multiple small machines, mass production will be remarkable, costs will be greatly reduced, and installation, transportation and operation Significant improvement in noise and the like can be realized, and a system with a large economic effect can be constructed because a voltage regulator, a frequency regulator, a power storage device, and an energy conversion device are not required. Redox batteries will have a semi-permanent life if used as power storage devices in the future, and will become economically viable from the perspective of effective energy utilization, such as accumulating surplus energy and correcting load imbalance if spread to consumers and industries. The effect can be greatly expected.
We are devising various structures of stators and rotors that excel in the characteristics of rotating electric machines such as induction motors and controllability as effective electric machines for this system, and realize the system effectively and economically. Can demonstrate its power. Further, the present invention greatly improves the magnetic flux in the air gap by combining the magnet of the magnet type rotor and the four types of electromagnets having magnetic poles on the inner and outer peripheries and the left and right surfaces that can be coupled, and at the same time, adjusts the characteristics such as output and voltage. A technology that can be easily controlled can be provided. In addition, strong magnets such as neodymium represented by kid magnets are used for inexpensive, resource-rich ferrite magnets, etc., especially in small devices with limited outer shape and limited space for magnetic pole placement. It is possible to provide an economical generator and electric motor that can achieve the same level of performance and efficiency. Further, the present invention is an epoch-making device that can realize a stator and a rotor excellent in productivity by combining the electromagnets of the present invention without cost regardless of the number of phases. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a motor-generator system according to the present invention, and an explanatory view showing an example of a conventional motor-driven system.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment using an induction machine for simplification of the motor-generator system of the present invention, and an explanatory view showing an example in which a conventional electric main body system also uses an induction machine.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an application example of a fluid machine represented by a blower or a pump to a generator.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example in which in a motor-generator system using a plurality of fluid machines of the present invention, individual operation states are grasped and controlled by a sensor group such as a flow velocity and a temperature.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a motor power generation system according to the present invention is constructed in a place where there is no electric power system;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of an air acceleration element using the magnet of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the structure of a wind power generator that draws wind from all around the present invention to generate power.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an example of a rotor structure of the rotating electric machine of the present invention and a conventional rotor structure.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the function of a conductor plate in the rotor structure of the rotating electric machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing an example of various combinations of a wound type and a palanquin type conductor according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example in which centrifugal force strength is increased in the split core structure of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing various characteristics of the induction generator of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of an effect when the rotor core of the present invention protrudes from the stator core.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of an effect when the stator core of the present invention protrudes from the rotor core.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an improvement example of the present invention of the rotating electric machine having the slotless iron core structure of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a structural view of a generator showing an embodiment in which a rotor is formed by extending a magnet or electromagnet in the axial direction of the present invention and a structural explanatory view of a conventional generator.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the magnet type rotor of the external rotation type generator according to the present invention, showing six examples of the magnetic flux concentration in the air gap.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the magnet rotor of the adduction type power generator according to the present invention, illustrating the concentration of magnetic flux in the air gap, showing the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a view showing an embodiment of a split iron core structure of a magnet type rotor of the epigenerator of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example in which a peg-shaped rotor of the everting type generator according to the present invention is formed.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example in which magnets are arranged on all three-dimensional surfaces of the divided cores of the magnet rotor of the abduction type generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a two-pole electromagnet having a donut structure that can be combined with another magnet of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory view of an electromagnet having six magnetic poles having a donut structure that can be coupled to another magnet of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram illustrating four types of electromagnets and two types of magnets of a rotor of a six-pole electric machine for understanding the combination of magnets and electromagnets according to the present invention.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing an example of a combination of magnets and electromagnets for the adduction type rotor of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing an example of a combination of a magnet and an electromagnet for the everted rotor of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example in which a stator of a three-phase two-pole electric machine is formed by using three inner and outer magnetic pole type electromagnets of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example in which a stator of a three-phase six-pole electric machine is formed by using three inner and outer magnetic pole type electromagnets of the present invention.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory view related to a structure of the present invention in which the productivity of the two-pole electromagnet core is improved.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory view of an iron core structure for reducing eddy current loss of the AC electromagnet of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,1a, 1b, 1c, 1d
: Power system 10, 10a, 11, 11a, 12, 12a, 12b,
12e, 14, 15, 15a
: Electric motors 10b, 10c, 10 ', 10a', 12 ', 12a'
12c, 12d, 12f, 14a, 14b, 18b, 1
8c, 18d: generators 13, 17, 17a, 17b, 18, 18a: motor generators 20, 22, 24, 26
： Pump turbines 21, 23, 25, 27
： Compressor 28
: Human power 30, 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e, 3
1, 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e, 31
f, 31g, 31h, 32, 32a, 32b, 34, 3
4a, 34b, 34c, 34d, 34e35, 35a,
35b, 35c, 35d: Control panels 40, 40a, 41, 43a, 43b: Internal combustion engines 50, 51, 53, 54
: Inverters 60, 61, 63, 64
: Storage batteries 70, 71, 71a, 72, 72a, 72b, 73, 7
4,75: feathers 82,83,
: Central controller 91, 91a, 91b
: Sensor 100: Condenser 101: Total loader 102, 103
: Frames 104, 105, 106
: Magnet 107
: Wind direction guide H
: Acceleration holes 111, 111a, 111b, 111c, 111d, 1
11e, 111f, 111g, 125, 125a, 12
5b, 125c, 125d: rotor bars 112, 112a, 112c, 112d, 112 ', 1
12e, 112f, 112g, 112h, 112i, 1
12j, 112k, 112m, 112n, 112o
:
Stator core 113, 113 '
: Rotor 114, 114 '
: Housing 115, 115a, 115c, 115d, 115e, 1
15f, 115g, 115h, 115i, 115j, 1
15k, 115m, 115n, 115o, 115 ': Stator winding 116, 116'
: End bracket 117, 117 '
: Bearings 118, 118a, 118, 128b, 118c, 11
8d, 118e, 118f, 118g, 118i, 11
8j, 118k, 118m, 118n, 118o: Shaft 119, 119 ': Code 120: Electromagnet 121, 121': Base C: Notch I: Current E: Coil end 123a, 123b, 123c, 123d, 123e,
123f: end ring 124, 124a, 124b, 124c, 124d, 1
24e, 124f, 124h, 124i, 124j, 1
24k, 124m, 124n, 124o, 124p, 1
24q, 124r, 124s, 124t, 124u
: Rotor cores 126, 126 ′, 126b, 126c, 126d, 1
26e, 126f: Conductor plates 127a, 127b, 127c, 127d, 128, 1
29a, 129b: Through holes 130, 130a, 130b, 130c, 130d, 1
30e, 130f: Rotor coil 131: Ring projection 133: Hole 134: Spacer 135: Ring groove 136: Pin 140, 141: Ferromagnetic substance 150, 150a: Holder 160: Fixing agent 160a: Magnetic powder 201 , 201 '
: Rotor 202
: Magnet rotor 202 ′: Cylindrical magnet rotor 203, 203 ′: Stator 204, 204 ′: Shaft 205, 205 ′: Bearing 206, 206 ′: Bearing holding pipe 207, 207 ′: Power cord 208, 208 ′ : End bracket 210: Outer frame 212: Stator 213, 213a, 213b: Split core 214, 214 ', 214a, 214b, 214c, 2
14d, 214a ', 214b', 214a ", 214
b ″: magnet 215: shaft 216, a, b: non-magnetic space 218: side plate 219: bar N, S: polarity of magnet 220: housing 221: non-magnetic holder 222: stator 223: split core 224, 224 ′, 224a, 224b, 224a ',
224b ', 224a ", 224b": Magnet 225: Shaft 226, a, b: Non-magnetic space 230: Split iron core 231: Slot 232: Iron core cutout 240: Slip ring 241: Electromagnetic power supply line 242, 243, Electromagnetic 244, 245, 246, 247, 244 ', 24
5 ', 246', 247 ', 248, 249, 270,
271,272,273,274,275,280,2
81a, 281b, 282a, 282b: Electromagnetic cores 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 2
50 ', 258, 259, 278, 279, 251',
252 ′, 253 ′,: magnetic flux leakage prevention gaps 260a, 260c, 260e, 260g, 260
a ', 260c', 260e ', 260g' 260f,
260h, 260i, 260j, 260k, 260l,
260m, 260n, 260r, 260s ,: Electromagnetic coil 283: Slit

Claims (24)

[Claims] An electric motor is used as a power source in general industries and consumers, and in various machines used in the same electric power system, a rotating electric machine is replaced with a motor generator integrated or separated, or an internal combustion engine is used. Such as a prime mover outside the motor. In particular, by changing the blades and fluid flow path, the power of external fluid energy, for example, wind power or water power, is used as a power generation function. electric and power generation system is characterized in that so as to have a power generating function so as to. 2. In a general industry or a consumer, an electric motor is used as a power source, and in various machines used in the same electric power system, in the case of a single electric power generation function, the electric power generation combined function is started from a stop. In the case where the power function is stopped and the power generation function is provided by external power, in order to smoothly transfer one or more units to the power generation system at the same time, First, start with an external power such as a motor or fluid, raise the speed to near the synchronous speed, then switch on the generator, so that it can be switched to the power generation state even with a small amount of external power. In this case, when the motor is operating, the load is temporarily set to no load.When the motor is stopped, the motor is started and the speed is increased to near the synchronous speed, or increased to near the synchronous speed of the external fluid. Switch on the generator so that it can shift to the power generation state even with a small amount of external power, regardless of the number of operating units, in parallel operation, without voltage fluctuations and frequency fluctuations according to each power generation output An electric and power generation system characterized by comprising an induction motor excited by a power system or a stable AC power supply so as to be able to output power to a wide range from low speed to high speed. 3. A fluid machine used for general industry and consumer use comprising a blade, a water wheel, etc. and a rotating electric machine. In the case of a propeller device, a twist angle is reversed by a variable pitch of a blade, and a centrifugal device is used. In such cases, the fluid intake can be switched from the suction side to the exhaust side, or the wind direction guide installed all around regardless of the wind direction, and the power can be generated from the fluid transfer function of the fluid machine's original blast and pump without changing the control circuit etc. A fluid power generation system characterized by switching to a system. 4. A redox storage battery suitable for an installation type comprising an electrolyte such as chromium or vanadium having a polyionic value that semi-permanently withstands charge and discharge, a hydrogen generator by electrolysis, and energy storage of a hydrogen storage alloy and the like. 4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is included in the system to sufficiently cope with nighttime power generation, power generation by a fuel cell, an internal combustion engine, etc., and fluctuation of a load using the energy, and aiming at clean kouzene. 11. The power generation system according to claim 10. 5. In various machines used in general industry and consumer, which are configured by a rotating electric machine used as electric power,
In a system in which the power function is stopped and a power generation function is provided by external power, in both the case of the single power generation function and the case of the electric power generation combined function,
When switching from a stop or power function to a power generation system, the conditions of the load, the status of external power such as fluid (flow velocity, temperature, humidity, etc.), the power generation status of the external generator, and other data necessary for control are suitable for each. Detected by the grasp sensor,
Automatic, efficient and economical switching based on the data
A motor power generation system characterized in that the operation of the entire system can be controlled safely by minimizing the current . 6. In various machines used in general industry and consumer, which are configured by a rotating electric machine used as electric power,
Single or multiple units in a system in which the power generation function is stopped when the power generation single function is stopped and the power generation function is stopped in the case of the electric power generation combined function and external power is used When stopping or switching from the power function to the power generation system, the operation status is controlled by a sensor that grasps the load status, etc. in the case of a single unit, and the required number of power machine operations is controlled in the case of multiple units. A motor power generation system characterized in that the power generation is automatically determined by the determined number, and the entire system is operated efficiently and economically. 7. In addition to a general-purpose power system, in places where there is no general-purpose power system or in transportation such as automobiles, an AC power source using a storage battery or an inverter or an AC synchronous generator for excitation is used to control the voltage or the like. A power supply of a system that can change the frequency freely is provided.Especially, the motor generator has a winding type or deep groove type rotor with adjustable secondary resistance and secondary reactance. It is composed of an asynchronous electric machine of the type, so that the voltage fluctuation of the system is small and a stable system can be performed by one or more units, and at the same time, it is suitable for the output and rotation characteristics of the power system and prime mover if necessary A motor-driven power generation system that operates at voltage and frequency, balances the load of the entire system using phase-advancing capacitors and inductive loads, and realizes an inexpensive and stable system. Beam. 8. A motor-driven power generation system that uses a blade to send air and wind from all directions to perform wind power generation. A wind direction guide that efficiently guides wind from the entire circumference to the blades is installed, and one or more airplanes are installed. It can be operated organically and easily on one or more units on the roof of a building or general house, on the top of a utility pole, on a tower, a bridge, or on a roadside building, etc. A wind turbine characterized by using an induction motor as a main electric machine so that generated power is not required for a voltage regulator, a frequency regulator, a power converter and a power storage device regardless of the number of operating units and a power generation state. Power generation system. 9. A motor generator system for performing air blowing or wind power generation using blades, wherein a gradient magnetic field is formed in a flow path by one or more permanent magnets or electromagnets, and the gradient magnetic field is always generated by oxygen in the air and the gradient magnetic field. When air is moved, a single permanent magnet with a magnetic field of 1 Tesla generates a wind of up to 0.6 m / s without using energy, and even an electromagnet generates only a slight magnetic field. A wind power generation system characterized in that air is accelerated in one or several stages with energy in a superimposed manner, and in addition to natural wind energy, startup, blowing and power generation are performed efficiently. 10. A fluid machine used for general industry and consumer use comprising a blade, a water wheel, etc. and a rotating electric machine. In a system that stops power and has a power generation function using external fluid as power, mechanical systems such as propeller blades and centrifugal blades do not change at all,
In the case of the single power generation function, it is started up as a motor and raised to near the synchronous speed, so that it can be shifted to the power generation state even with a small amount of external fluid. For equipment, change the phase sequence.For single-phase equipment, change the polarity of the main winding or auxiliary winding.
Only by changing the direction of the rotating magnetic field electrically, change the direction of the rotating magnetic field. Characteristic fluid power generation system. 11. It is possible to improve the starting characteristics and output characteristics of an induction motor and a synchronous electric machine used in various machines used in general industries and consumers constituted by a rotating electric machine, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. In such a rotor, at the time of starting or one or more conductor plates provided in a sandwich shape in a laminated iron core, or when using a generator as a generator, the frequency increases as the distance from the synchronous speed increases. In order to limit the AC current, the outer periphery of the conductor plate is provided with a deep cut toward the inner periphery so as not to flow between the rotor bars in a short-circuit manner. By flowing
A rotating electric machine characterized by increasing a reactance resistance to limit a current. 12. It is possible to improve the starting characteristics and output characteristics of an induction motor or a synchronous electric machine used in various machines used in general industries and consumers constituted by a rotating electric machine, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. By combining the conductor plate of claim 11 with a rotor bar or a winding provided deep in the inner periphery of the laminated iron core, the reactance resistance is further increased, and the current flowing through the rotor is limited. A rotating electric machine characterized in that: 13. It is possible to improve the starting characteristics and output characteristics of an induction motor or a synchronous electric machine used in various machines used in general industries and consumers constituted by a rotating electric machine, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. In the rotor described above, the conductor plate of claim 11 or a disc-shaped conductor plate without a notch is used.
A rotating electric machine characterized in that the rotor core is protruded beyond the axial length of the stator core in order to increase the characteristics, particularly output and efficiency, by using one or more sheets . 14. It is possible to improve start-up characteristics and output characteristics of an induction motor and a synchronous motor used in various machines used in general industry and consumer products constituted by a rotating electric machine, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. The conductor plate or cutout according to claim 11,
In order to increase the characteristics, especially output and efficiency, by using one or more conductor plates, such as a solid disk , the rotor laminated core is protruded beyond the axial length of the stator core. Make the outer diameter of the ring smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor to form an extension of the rotor bar on the outer circumference of the end ring, or wire the end of the winding so that it is as close to the inner circumference as possible. By adding a lamination or a sintered iron core so that the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the extension of the bar or winding increases the magnetic field of the gap additionally,
A rotating electric machine characterized in that it is configured so that magnetic formation of the protruding portion can be effectively formed. 15. It is possible to improve start-up characteristics and output characteristics of an induction motor and a synchronous electric machine used in various machines used in general industry and consumer including a rotating electric machine, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. The conductor plate or cutout according to claim 11,
In order to improve the characteristics, especially output and efficiency, by using one or more conductor plates such as solid disks, etc. , in order to improve the output and efficiency, the rotor with the stator core extended beyond the axial length of the rotor core, the end Make the outer diameter of the ring smaller than the outer diameter of the rotor to form an extension of the rotor bar on the outer circumference of the end ring, or wire the end of the winding so that it is as close to the inner circumference as possible. By adding a lamination or a sintered iron core so that the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the extension of the bar or winding increases the magnetic field of the gap additionally,
It is configured so that the magnetic formation of the protruding part can be formed effectively, and the protruding stator formed by the bobbin winding stator etc. is opposed to the rotor bar or the extension of the winding to improve the output and efficiency. A rotating electric machine characterized by the above-mentioned. 16. It is possible to improve the starting characteristics and output characteristics of induction motors and synchronous motors used in various machines used in general industry and consumer products constituted by rotating electric machines, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. In the rotor
A rotor bar provided deep in the inner periphery of the laminated core in the axial direction, a winding provided on the outer periphery of the laminated core, and the conductor plate or the cut of claim 7.
A rotating electric machine characterized by accurately controlling a current flowing through a rotor by combining a single or a plurality of disc-shaped conductor plates having no notch or a part or all of them. 17. It is possible to improve the starting characteristics and output characteristics of an induction motor, a synchronous motor, etc. used in various machines used in general industries and consumers constituted by a rotating electric machine, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. In such a rotor, the combination of the rotor and one or both side-wound rotors disposed on the side wall thereof improves the performance and facilitates accurate control of the flowing current. Electric machine 18. It is possible to improve the starting characteristics and output characteristics of an induction motor or a synchronous electric machine used in various machines used for general industry and consumer including a rotating electric machine, and to adjust the output characteristics in real time. In the rotor
12. The side wall portion of the conductor plate so as to further increase the reactance resistance and to limit the current flowing through the rotor by using the conductor plate according to claim 11 or a rotor bar provided deep in the inner periphery of the laminated core, alone or in combination. A rotating electric machine characterized in that a magnetic material stronger than a laminated iron core is arranged near the outer periphery of a rotor bar and an outer wall of an end ring. 19. A conductor plate according to claim 11, wherein said rotor core has a divided structure for inserting a magnet or the like in a rotor of a rotating electric machine used in various machines used in general industry and consumer use. In order to prevent the iron core from spreading to the outer circumference due to centrifugal force on a disk or the like intended for the purpose, a system mating pin or ring is provided, and further, the centrifugal A rotating electric machine characterized by sufficiently withstanding forces. 20. A gap between a stator and a rotor in a stator of a rotating electrical machine or a winding fixed to a rotor in a slotless state by bonding or the like, which is used in various machines used in general industry and consumer life. A rotating electric machine characterized by holding cylindrical metal, ceramics, thermosetting resin, or the like on the inner or outer periphery facing the same to make the gap length uniform and to eliminate contact deformation during rotation. 21. An air gap between a stator and a rotor in a stator of a rotating electrical machine or a winding fixed to a rotor in a slotless state by bonding or the like, which is used in various machines used in general industry and consumer life. A cylindrical metal, ceramic or thermosetting resin, etc. held on the inner or outer periphery facing the same to make the gap length uniform and to eliminate contact deformation during rotation. Protrusions etc. to be fastened to the iron core are provided and securely fixed to the iron core, and a plurality of walls are provided to separate and hold the windings, and the coil deforms at startup, during operation or for a long time operation, contact or rotary electric machine, characterized in that to avoid or adhesive is peeled by strong torque when the capacity of the large 22. A winding and a stator used in various machines used in general industry and consumer and fixed to a stator or a rotor of a rotary electric machine by slotless bonding or the like and a gap between the rotor and the rotor. On the opposite inner or outer circumference, a cylindrical metal, ceramic or thermosetting resin is used to keep the gap length uniform and eliminate contact deformation during rotation.
A rotating electric machine characterized by impregnating magnetic powder such as iron powder in a bonding agent between a coil and an iron core to compensate for a reduction in characteristics due to slotlessness. 23. A winding and a stator which is fixed to a stator or a rotor of a rotating electric machine by slot-less bonding or the like and is used in various machines used in general industry and consumer life, and a gap between the rotor and the rotor. On the opposite inner or outer circumference, a cylindrical metal, ceramic or thermosetting resin is used to keep the gap length uniform and eliminate contact deformation during rotation.
In order to make winding and electrical work easier, concentrated winding with an image coil halves the number of coils, and at the same time impregnates the magnetic powder into the adhesive between the coil and the iron core, to achieve the characteristics associated with slotless. A rotating electric machine characterized by compensating for the drop 24. A winding or a gap between a stator and a rotor, which is used in various machines used in general industry and consumer applications and is fixed to a stator or a rotor of a rotating electric machine by slotless bonding or the like. On the opposite inner or outer circumference, a cylindrical metal, ceramic or thermosetting resin is used to keep the gap length uniform and eliminate contact deformation during rotation.
This cylindrical holder is a laminated iron core with slots (or none) or skew, and the coil is held between the core and the slotless iron core to compensate for the deterioration of characteristics due to slotless. [Claim 25] A radial slit for inserting one or more magnets in each pole core is provided for increasing or adjusting magnetic flux in a gap between a stator and a rotor by means of magnets. In addition to adjusting the length and length in the axial direction and freely attaching and detaching magnets, changing the strength and length of the magnet, radiating, combining multiple magnets with different magnetic forces in the axial direction,
A magnet type electric motor and a generator characterized in that the formation of the magnetic field of these magnets is partially or entirely replaced by an electromagnet so that the characteristics and adjustment of the electric motor and the generator can be changed and adjusted more easily. [Claim 26] The axial length of the radial slit into which the magnet is inserted is greater than the axial length of the wound stator or rotor, and the magnetic flux in the air gap between the stator and rotor is increased. In addition to increasing the difference in length and area several times, it is possible to realize air gap magnetic flux equivalent to that of neodymium magnets even with cheap ferrite magnets, etc. Or, a magnet type electric motor and a generator characterized in that the characteristics can be improved, changed, and adjusted more smoothly and in real time by replacing all of them with electromagnets. [Claim 27] In a case where space is limited in magnet arrangement, by using a plurality of magnets or electromagnets of each pole and organically disposing all or a part of the three-dimensional surface of the magnetic pole, magnetic flux in the air gap is obtained. A magnetic motor and a generator characterized by maximizing the concentration of the magnet. [Claim 28] In order to effectively generate magnetic flux in the gap,
The iron core of the magnet placement part is completely separated structure, and furthermore, a step is provided in the part protruding in the axial direction from the gap with the stator, and in the case of the electromagnet core, an appropriate gap is provided, so that the magnetic flux from other than the air gap is provided. 3. The structure of claim 2, wherein leakage is reduced as much as possible, and it can be manufactured independently and economically from winding stator cores having different axial lengths.
6. The magnet type electric motor and generator according to 5. [Claim 29] A slot for forming a conductor part for driving by a rotating magnetic field is provided, and a starting rotor can be formed even when the axial length of a radial slit for inserting a magnet is increased. If one or both ends of the axial end of the iron core are cut off as described above, and electromagnets are used in the protruding part, the diameter of those electromagnet cores forms a step with respect to the diameter of the magnet core, and the part rotates. 29. A side plate and a winding terminal of a child conductor portion can be arranged.
Iron core. [Claim 30] In order to reduce the loss of the magnetic field in the separated core and the divided electromagnet structure, a thin sheet or magnetic powder of a ferromagnetic material is used for adjusting the gap between the radial slit and the magnet, adjusting the gap between the iron core and the electromagnet, and the electromagnet. -A magnet type electric motor and a generator using a magnetic fluid or the like. [Claim 31] When there is a limitation on the external dimensions, when trying to obtain relatively high-performance characteristics with a high output or a cheap weak magnet, most of the parts other than the magnetic flux core are made of a non-magnetic material, and an empty space is provided. Is a magnet type electric motor and generator characterized in that they are all occupied by magnet cores and magnets and electromagnets. [Claim 32] An iron core is formed so as to minimize mutual flux leakage and short circuit even when connected in any of the inner and outer diameters and left and right directions so that part or all of the magnets can be replaced with electromagnets. An electromagnet structure characterized by the simplest and most productive structure irrespective of the number of poles, and by being configured with bobbin-structured windings with excellent productivity. [Claim 33] By combining a plurality of connectable electromagnet structures having the same structure, a large electromagnet can be formed to increase mass productivity, thereby minimizing the cost of manufacturing tools and securing the production volume of parts. The structure of the electromagnet dramatically reduces production costs. [34] A magnetic pole member obtained by laminating or drawing a sintered iron core having a small eddy current loss in an electromagnet core, an iron core obtained by solidifying iron powder with a resin or the like, and an electromagnetic steel plate (a sintered member is also acceptable), and reducing an eddy current loss. In order to make a single-phase multi-phase AC machine, it is possible to form an electromagnetic core with a small eddy current loss by forming an electromagnetic core by combining it with a magnetic pole member that has been drawn by providing slits in a thick steel plate. Motor and generator used for the stator and the wound rotor. [Claim 35] In the case where the electromagnet capable of forming an AC magnetic field of the present invention is used for a stator or a winding type rotor of a single-phase or multi-phase AC machine, the magnetic poles of adjacent phases are integrally molded or combined. By simply connecting the magnetic pole cores of the number of phases without shifting the angle, it is possible to manufacture a stator or a wire-wound rotor. In addition, a single manufacturing tool is required. Iron core structure with good productivity. [Claim 36] An electric motor and a generator in which a stator of a single-phase or multi-phase AC machine according to the present invention is combined with a rotor formed by magnets, electromagnets or a combination thereof. [Claim 37] In the electromagnet structure of the present invention, a part of the magnetic pole of the iron core is cut, and the cut portion is set to an electrical angle represented by the following equation, and the conversion loss at the time of switching the magnetic pole is complicated, expensive, and unstable. An iron core that uses only the core structure to reduce the power consumption without using a simple electronic control circuit. Electric angle of cut portion = 180 degrees− ｛2π × number of phases to be excited / number of poles of rotor × number of phases of motor｝ degree