JP2002187046A - Automatic adjustment equipment for cutting liquid direction - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an automatic adjustment equipment which doesn't need to manually change the direction of cutting liquid nozzle to tool edge, even if a figure of tool changes at a chance of tool exchange. SOLUTION: This invention is related to an automatic adjustment equipment which has cutting liquid discharge nozzle, established at the outside portion of a machining center, established to be able to roll crossing at the right angle toward a center of main axis. The automatic adjustment equipment detects faint current flowing between tool and nozzle, amplificates it, operates bulb, and automatically locates the position of nozzle, when closed circuit is formed by cutting liquid, discharged by rolling nozzle, touching tool edge.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a supply device for supplying a cutting fluid to a machine tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an operator operating a machine tool has manually adjusted the discharge direction of a cutting fluid discharge nozzle every time a tool is changed. When a plurality of discharge nozzles are provided around the tool, the discharge direction is adjusted in advance to correspond to several types of tools to be used. As a device for automatic adjustment, a cutting fluid nozzle is attached to a rotating shaft or a hollow shaft is provided with a nozzle protruding from an outer diameter portion, and the rotating shaft is NC-controlled to set a nozzle at a preset angle for each tool. Some are aimed at. Further, there is a device that detects a tool edge position by installing a tool length sensor and discharges a cutting fluid from a nozzle whose discharge angle can be controlled toward the tool edge.

[0003]

When the direction of the discharge nozzle is manually adjusted as described in the prior art, it is necessary to adjust the discharge direction of the nozzle every time the tool is changed. There is a problem that the time required for the adjustment becomes long. Also, when supplying cutting fluid to the tool edge by controlling the discharge direction of the nozzle, it is necessary to input the position data of the tool edge for each tool. There is a problem that an NC control device for controlling is required. Also, when operating the operation unit for setting the nozzle angle by moving the main shaft every time the tool is changed, measuring the position of the cutting edge of the tool, inputting this data to the nozzle angle control device to calculate the nozzle discharge angle, and operating the operation unit for setting the nozzle angle Requires a man-hour for measurement and an NC control device / measurement device, and has a problem that the cost is increased.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The present invention does not use an expensive additional device, saves the trouble of measuring and inputting the positional relationship data between the tool edge and the nozzle before machining the workpiece, and automates the setting of the nozzle direction for each tool change by simple means. Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic cutting fluid direction adjusting device capable of automatically setting a nozzle direction using an oil / pneumatic cylinder or an induction motor without using an expensive NC device.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a cutting fluid discharged from a nozzle provided around a main spindle of a machine tool is provided on a tool provided on the main spindle. An apparatus for adjusting the direction of the nozzle as described above, the nozzle supporting member swingably supporting an ejection direction of the nozzle around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, and the nozzle supporting member is connected to the nozzle supporting member. Oscillating drive means for oscillating and positioning the nozzle, a drive control unit for controlling a driving member of the oscillating drive means, and the cutting spindle discharged by cutting the cutting fluid discharged between the tool and the nozzle. A conduction detecting means for detecting that a conduction state occurs between the nozzles, and controlling a driving member of the swing driving means with an output of the conduction detecting means to fix a direction of the nozzle. Engineering In which the ejection direction of the nozzle is automatically set for each exchange.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a nozzle is arranged at a predetermined position on the outer periphery of the spindle head, and the cutting fluid is discharged from the nozzle in parallel with the spindle (movement angle θ = 0), and the nozzle is automatically turned on. Is increased in the direction intersecting the axis of the main shaft, and when the tip of the tool mounted on the main shaft comes into contact with the cutting fluid being discharged, it is detected that a weak current is conducted, and the nozzle is detected. The turning is stopped. Here, the movement angle refers to the angle at which the nozzle turns from a parallel position parallel to the spindle axis as a starting point. Therefore, if this operation is performed every time the tool is changed, it is not necessary to input the blade edge measurement and the blade edge data, and the angle at which the nozzle is discharged is automatically set. Therefore, the cutting fluid can always be supplied to an optimum position for the tool without requiring manual adjustment for each tool change.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the conduction detecting means includes an insulator provided to electrically insulate between a spindle housing portion on which the tool is mounted and a support member of the nozzle, and When the cutting fluid comes into contact with the tool while discharging the cutting fluid and turns in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main spindle, a weak current generated by conduction between the spindle housing portion and the support member of the nozzle is detected. And a weak current detection circuit.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the conduction detecting means uses a low frequency or DC power supply to detect conduction due to a weak current flowing between the tool and the nozzle. Since the hydraulic valve is controlled by detecting the weak current, an expensive NC device is not required.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the conduction detecting means includes a pair of an exciting coil and a detecting coil in which a conductor wire is wound around a ring-shaped core of substantially the same diameter made of a magnetic material such as ferrite. A ring-shaped sensor provided between the main shaft and the support member of the nozzle so as to be superimposed on a common central axis, a high-frequency power supply for supplying a high-frequency current to an exciting coil of the ring-shaped sensor, and an axis of the main shaft. And a weak high-frequency current detection circuit for detecting a weak high-frequency current induced in the detection coil of the ring-shaped sensor when the cutting fluid comes into contact with the tool by turning in a direction perpendicular to the direction.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the main shaft and the nozzle are arranged in a ring shape in the electric field generated at the center of the exciting coil by passing a high-frequency current from the high-frequency power supply to the ring-shaped sensor to the conduction detecting means. When a closed electric circuit is formed by bridging between the nozzle and the nozzle, a weak induced electromotive current induced in the detection coil is detected to control the hydraulic valve. Also in this case, an expensive NC device is not required. Note that high frequency refers to a frequency range of several kHz to several hundred kHz.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Embodiment 1] In Embodiment 1, a DC voltage or a low-frequency voltage is applied to a conduction detecting means between a spindle housing portion on which a tool is mounted and a nozzle support member, and a cutting fluid discharged from the nozzle is bridged between the tool and the nozzle. A weak current flowing when the operation is performed is detected, the swing of the nozzle is stopped, and the direction of the nozzle is fixed.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the entire configuration of the automatic cutting fluid direction adjusting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1 and shows a swing driving member relating to a nozzle support member and a swing driving means. It should be noted that a drive control member for controlling the swing drive member can be included in the NC device of the present invention, and is not shown. In FIG. 1, a tool T is fitted in a tool holder 3 and fixedly mounted on a main shaft 4. The spindle 4 is mounted on a spindle housing 5. The nozzle 1 for discharging the cutting fluid is provided at the lower end of the outer periphery of the main shaft housing 5 so as to be able to swing from a position parallel to the axis of the main shaft 4 to a position obliquely intersected. A sleeve 6 fitted on the outside of the main shaft housing 5 is provided with a pipeline 6a for supplying cutting fluid to the nozzle 1 and a piston cylinder member which is a swing drive member for swinging the nozzle 1.

In FIG. 2, the cutting fluid 2
The pipe 6a is guided to the pipe 6a provided with more than one hole, and is brought into contact with the lower end of the pipe 6a to be guided to the guide hole 7a of the ring 7. Guide hole 7
In a, a ball 8 is urged upward by a compression spring 9 corresponding to each pipe line 6a to constitute a valve. On a holder 10 provided in contact with the lower surface of the ring 7, a nozzle unit unitized by the nozzle 1 and the spherical support 11 is provided corresponding to the valve.

The nozzle 1 has a hollow hole 1a through which cutting fluid is conducted.
And a ring-shaped spherical support 11 having an inner diameter formed as a spherical surface supports a portion formed as a spherical surface 1b in a swingable manner. The spherical support 11 has a cut groove for guiding the pin 12, and is configured as a unit so as to include the spherical surface 1 a of the nozzle 1, and is fitted in the hole 10 a of the holder 10. A pin 12 is fixed to the spherical surface 1a. The side surface of the pin 12 is guided by the gap between the cut surfaces 11a of the spherical support 11 and the notch 10b of the holder 10, and the tip 1
2 a is provided to protrude outward from the outer diameter 10 c of the holder 10. The nozzle 1 is swingable within a predetermined angle on a plane passing through the axis of the main shaft 4 because the pin 12 is guided on the side surface.

1 and 2, the rotation of the pin 12 is performed by a piston / cylinder member provided on the sleeve 6 and a hydraulic drive circuit. The piston-cylinder member forms a cylinder by a cylinder 13 fixed to the sleeve 6 and a lid 15, and is constituted by the cylinder 13 and a piston 14 inserted through the inside diameter. The piston 14 reciprocates and the end faces 14a,
The movement of the contact 14b against the inner wall surfaces 13a, 15a of the cylinder is transmitted to the pin 12.

A slight gap g is formed between the inner diameter of the piston 14 and the outer diameter of the sleeve 6, and is driven by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure, and the pin 12 is inserted into a groove 14c formed on the inner diameter side of the piston.
Is fitted and guided. The imaginary line 14d is a guide groove for incorporating the piston 14 into the cylinder 13,
The cylinder 14 is provided with a guide pin 16 for positioning the piston 13 in the circumferential direction at the position shifted in the circumferential direction from the groove 14c.

FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic drive circuit for driving the piston cylinder member. In FIG.
A four-way valve 23 that controls supply of hydraulic pressure to a B port 21 that is driven upward and an A port 22 that is driven downward is provided. The four-way valve 23 is a pressure port block type, only the P port is closed, and the other ports communicate with each other. Pilot-operated check valves 24 and 25 are separately provided in the pipes connecting each of the B port 21 and the A port 22 to the four-way valve 23, and a speed controller 26 and a check valve 27 for adjusting the swing speed of the nozzle are provided. It is incorporated in the pipeline of the A port 22 which is juxtaposed and drives the piston downward, and the swirling speed of the nozzle can be adjusted. The above is an example of hydraulic drive, but it can also be configured using pneumatic pressure.

In FIG. 1, an insulator 19 is provided between the spindle housing 5 of the spindle system on which the tool T is mounted and the sleeve 6 supporting the drive system of the nozzle 1 for electrical insulation. A tool-side detection line 17 is provided from the spindle housing 5, and a nozzle-side detection terminal 18 is provided on the sleeve 6. When the cutting fluid supply system is configured so that the main spindle system and the cutting fluid supply system are electrically insulated, for example, a contact portion between the cutting fluid supply line 6a, the ring 7, the holder 10, the piston 14, and the like are formed. It is also possible to use an insulating material such as resin, and in this case, the insulator 16 may not be used. As the swing drive means, a drive method using an induction motor may be considered in addition to the oil / pneumatic method. For example, the outer surface of the sleeve 6 may be used as a guide surface, and the piston 14 may be driven by a rack and pinion.

Next, the operation of the automatic cutting fluid nozzle direction adjusting device of the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a constant potential difference is added between the spindle housing 5 and the sleeve 6, and the nozzle 1 is first directed toward the tip end Ta of the mounted tool in a direction parallel to the tool axis. The nozzle 1 is gradually swung in a direction obliquely intersecting with the axis of the main shaft to discharge the cutting fluid 2a.
Is applied to the tip end Ta of the tool T, a current flows and a change occurs in the potential difference. This change is detected and detected, and the operation of the swing drive device is stopped, the position is maintained, and a command is issued to shift to cutting.

The above operation will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 3, the tool is changed in step S1. If the tool is different, the tool diameter, the tool length or the overall shape of the tool T is generally different, and the cutting edge position Ta of the tool T is also different. In step S2, it is determined whether the discharge direction of the cutting fluid 2 from the nozzle 1 is to be executed in the automatic mode.
Is set to the initial position of the swing, that is, the position parallel to the axis of the tool T and facing downward. The confirmation can be made by detecting that the piston 14 is at the lower limit position with a limit switch, proximity switch, or the like.

If the nozzle 1 is not at the initial position, the solenoid A is turned on at step S4 to raise the piston 14 of the oscillating drive unit at step S5, and again at step S3 whether the nozzle 1 is at the initial position. Check. If it can be confirmed that the nozzle 1 is in the vertical position, it is instructed to start the discharge of the cutting fluid 2 in step S6, and by turning on the solenoid B in step S7, the nozzle 1 is oscillated and the tool shaft is moved. It is gently turned in the oblique direction [Step S8].

The nozzle 1 rotates while discharging the cutting fluid 2, and when the discharged cutting fluid 2 hits the tool edge Ta,
That is, when the cutting fluid 2 that is continuously discharged comes into contact with the tool edge Ta, a flow path of the cutting fluid 2 is formed between the tip of the nozzle 1 and the cutting edge of the tool T, and these two different potentials are applied. A minute current flows between the electrodes. The state in which the cutting fluid 2 reaches the tool edge Ta is detected in step S9. Almost simultaneously with the detection, the solenoid B is set in step S10.
Is turned off, and the lowering of the piston 14 is stopped.

When the piston 14 stops descending, the angle θ of the nozzle 1 is held by the pilot check valve of the hydraulic circuit, and the direction of the nozzle 1 is fixed [step S1].
1]. Thus, machining (step S18) becomes possible. In step S9, after the contact between the cutting fluid 2 and the tool edge Ta turns on the solenoid B, the lower limit position of the piston 14 is checked [step S12]. After the discharge is interrupted [Step S13], an alarm is output in Step S14.
In this case, manually cancel the nozzle automatic mode [Step S
15], the cause of the alarm is eliminated in step S14 by manual processing. Execute nozzle automatic adjustment again, or
After performing the nozzle adjustment manually, machining is performed.

[Second Embodiment] In a second embodiment, a high-frequency voltage having a frequency of several kHz to several hundred kHz is applied to a ring-shaped sensor 31 provided between a main shaft and a nozzle supporting member to a conduction detecting means, and a tool and a nozzle are provided. A weak high-frequency current induced in the detection coil when the cutting fluid discharged by the nozzle is bridged is detected by the detection coil terminal 32, and the swing of the nozzle is stopped to fix the direction of the nozzle. It is. FIG. 4 shows an automatic cutting fluid direction adjusting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The support member [7 to 12] for the nozzle 1 described with reference to FIG. 2 and the piston cylinder member [12 to 15] for swinging the support member [12 to 15]
Since the configuration of the hydraulic drive circuit for driving the piston cylinder member is common, the description is omitted.

In the first embodiment, the spindle system that holds the tool and the nozzle that discharges the cutting fluid are electrically insulated, a potential difference is applied between the spindle system and the nozzle, and the cutting fluid is passed between the tool tip and the nozzle tip to conduct electricity. It detects the flow of current and keeps the nozzle angle. Therefore, in this case, the power source for applying the potential can be detected at a low frequency or a DC voltage.
On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the use of the high-frequency power supply causes a difference in configuration. This point will be described below.

In FIG. 4, an insulator 1 electrically insulates between a spindle housing 5 and a sleeve 6 supporting the nozzle 1.
9 is not provided. A ring-shaped sensor 31 is provided concentrically outside the main shaft 4, and one or more nozzles and their support members are provided outside the ring sensor 31. The ring-shaped sensor 31 has a pair of detection coils of an excitation coil formed by winding a conductor wire around a ring-shaped core having substantially the same diameter made of a magnetic material such as ferrite, and is arranged on a common central axis, A high-frequency current is supplied to the excitation coil from a high-frequency power supply device outside the apparatus. The high-frequency current flowing through the exciting coil generates a fluctuating magnetic field in the ring-shaped core. This fluctuating magnetic field generates a starting force that penetrates the ring-shaped core. The spindle system, the spindle housing 5 and the tool T passing through the center of the ring-shaped sensor 31 are provided together with the ring 7, the holder 10 and the nozzle 1.
A closed circuit penetrating the ring-shaped sensor 31 is formed through the cutting fluid discharged from the nozzle 1.

When the cutting fluid discharged from the nozzle is applied to the cutting edge, a high-frequency minute current flows in the cutting fluid, so that a small high-frequency current is induced in the detection coil of the ring-shaped sensor 31. By detecting this change and operating the solenoid 23, the excitation of the solenoids A and B is turned off, and the hydraulic circuit is switched to the nozzle 1 by the pilot check valves 24 and 25.
Is maintained. The operation of the automatic cutting fluid nozzle direction adjusting device according to the second embodiment is common to the flowchart of FIG. 3 described in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

[0028]

As described above, the present invention has the following advantages. The invention according to claim 1 eliminates the need to manually adjust the discharge direction of the cutting fluid nozzle each time the tool is changed. Also, there is no need to provide nozzles at a plurality of positions around the main shaft in advance and manually adjust the discharge direction of each nozzle so as to discharge the cutting fluid from the nozzle in the direction of the tool cutting edge to be used. In this way, by making the discharge nozzle perform the angle adjustment operation every time the tool is changed, it is possible to always automatically supply the optimum cutting fluid to the tool without manual operation.

The continuity detecting means employed in the second aspect of the present invention is simple in power supply and detecting device and does not use an expensive NC device, so that the operability, maintainability and cost performance are most excellent. This is an automatic cutting fluid direction adjusting device provided with.

The conduction detecting means employed in the third aspect of the present invention requires a high-frequency power supply and a high-frequency current detecting device, but does not require any treatment for electrical insulation, so that the cutting fluid direction automatic adjusting device can be easily applied to the machine. It is.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the entire configuration of a cutting fluid direction automatic adjusting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view including a nozzle supporting member and a swing driving member in an enlarged view of a portion A in FIGS. 1 and 4;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the automatic nozzle direction adjusting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cutting fluid direction automatic adjusting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nozzle 2 Cutting fluid 3 Tool holder 4 Main shaft 5 Main shaft housing 6 Sleeve 7 Ring 8 Ball 9 Compression spring 10 Holder 11 Spherical support 12 Pin 13 Cylinder 14 Piston 15 Lid 16 Guide pin 17 Tool side detection line 18 Nozzle side detection terminal 19 Insulation Body 21 B port 22 A port 23 4 Way valve 24, 25 Pilot operated check valve 26 Speed controller 27 Check valve 31 Ring sensor 32 Detection coil terminal

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Toda 5-25-25 Shimokoguchi, Oguchi-machi, Niwa-gun, Aichi Prefecture Inside Okuma Corporation (72) Inventor Yasuharu Niwa 5-25-5 Shimo-Koguchi, Oguchi-machi, Niwa-gun, Aichi Prefecture 1 Inside Okuma Corporation (72) Inventor Tomoyuki Masuda 5-25-25 Shimoguchi, Oguchi-machi, Niwa-gun, Aichi Prefecture Inside of Okuma Corporation (72) Inventor Tomoji Goshima 5-25, Shimo-Koguchi, Oguchi-machi, Niwa-gun, Aichi Prefecture 1 Okuma Inside the corporation

Claims (3)

[Claims] An apparatus for adjusting the direction of a nozzle so that cutting fluid discharged from a nozzle provided around a main shaft of a machine tool is applied to a tool provided on the main shaft, wherein the direction of discharge of the nozzle is adjusted. A nozzle support member that swingably supports an axis perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, a swing drive unit that is connected to the nozzle support member to swing and position the nozzle, and a drive member of the swing drive unit And a conduction detecting means for detecting that a conduction state occurs between the spindle and the nozzle by bridging the cutting fluid discharged between the tool and the nozzle. The cutting direction is automatically set every time a tool is changed by controlling the driving member of the swing driving unit with the output of the conduction detecting unit and fixing the direction of the nozzle. Automatic liquid direction adjustment device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the continuity detecting means includes an insulator provided to electrically insulate between a spindle housing portion on which the tool is mounted and a support member of the nozzle, and wherein the nozzle discharges the cutting fluid. A weak current detection circuit for detecting a weak current generated by conducting between the spindle housing portion and the support member of the nozzle when the cutting fluid comes into contact with the tool by turning in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the spindle. 2. The automatic cutting fluid direction adjusting device according to claim 1, comprising: 3. The continuity detecting means includes a pair of an exciting coil and a detecting coil in which a conductor wire is wound around a ring-shaped core of substantially the same diameter made of a magnetic material such as ferrite on a common central axis. A ring-shaped sensor provided between the main shaft and the support member of the nozzle, a high-frequency power supply for supplying a high-frequency current to an exciting coil of the ring-shaped sensor, and the nozzle turning in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft. 2. The automatic cutting fluid direction adjusting device according to claim 1, further comprising a weak high-frequency current detection circuit for detecting a weak high-frequency current induced in a detection coil of the ring-shaped sensor when the cutting fluid comes into contact with the tool.