JP2002186474A - Onion-harvesting and treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that the conveying process of a conventional onion-harvesting and treating device from a hopper for feeding onions having foliage to a tapping device for cutting the foliage is constituted of a two-stage conveyor and has a long size, thus the whole device is brought to have a large size. SOLUTION: In this onion-harvesting and treating device a delivery conveyor 3 is installed on the bottom 2 of a hopper 1 for putting in onions harvested from a farm and having foliage. A foliage-cutting device 4 for cutting the foliage of onion is installed following to the conveyor. A treating device A for harvesting onions having passed through the foliage-cutting device 4 and subsequently selected by naked eye is constituted. The delivery conveyor 3 is constituted to be transmitted through a variable speed drive 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an onion harvesting apparatus, and more particularly to a field of processing onions with foliage after harvesting from a field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional vegetable harvester, root vegetables, for example, ginseng and radish, which are planted in a field, are run on a vehicle equipped with a traveling device by a pair of left and right holding belts. A pull-out type root vegetable harvesting machine configured to forcibly pull out and harvest from the field by the cooperative action of the body and the holding belt that is rotationally driven, and a harvesting conveyor device for collecting vegetables manually harvested from the field by an auxiliary worker Vegetable harvesting machine of the type that is placed on the top and transported to the body side and collected, or digging that grows vegetables growing in the soil such as onions and potatoes in the soil at the appropriate depth There is a harvester configured to harvest while digging with a harvester.

[0003] In addition to the above-mentioned vegetable harvester, an onion harvesting device which cuts off onions with foliage removed from a field by using a foliage cutting device, and thereafter performs visual sorting. There is.

[0004]

The above-mentioned conventional onion harvesting apparatus, for example, the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-89372, supplies onion with foliage after harvest. The length of the transfer process from the hopper to the tapping device for cutting the foliage is long, and the two-stage transfer conveyor is used.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention takes the following technical means in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. First, the invention of claim 1 provides a carrying conveyor 3 for carrying onions having foliage harvested from a field at the bottom 2 of the carry-in hopper 1, and the carrying conveyor 3 is provided with foliage provided subsequently. The onion is supplied to the cutting device 4, and the onion whose foliage is cut off by the foliage cutting device 4 is selected and visually selected, and then a processing device A for harvesting is formed. The feeding conveyor 3 is continuously fed. The onion harvesting processing device is configured to transmit power via the transmission 5.

Next, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the suction / leaf discharge device 6 provided below the foliage cutting device 4 sucks the cut foliage and discharges it outside the machine. The onion harvest processing device. Next, a third aspect of the present invention is the onion harvesting processing apparatus according to the second aspect, wherein the suction and leaf discharging device 6 is configured to be directly connected to the transmission system from the prime mover 7 side.

Next, a fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a supply conveyor device 9 for transporting sorted onions to a harvest container 8 by providing a sensor 10 for detecting the amount of onions in the harvest container 8. An onion harvesting treatment device according to claim 1 is provided.

[0008]

As described above, the present invention is constructed as described above. Therefore, the invention of claim 1 comprises a hopper for supplying onions having foliage harvested from a field and a foliage cutting device in the next step. There is a feature that the distance is close and the whole apparatus can be configured compactly.

Next, the invention of claim 2 has an excellent feature that the cut foliage can be discharged to the outside of the machine while being suctioned and put together, and that the disposal position of the discharge tube can be freely selected. is there. And in this case, the suction / leaf device has a structure in which the suction fan also sucks the foliage immediately before cutting sandwiched by the foliage cutting device, so that the foliage can be stretched downward to further enhance the cutting effect. There is a secondary effect that dust and the like other than the cut foliage can be sucked.

Next, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the suction and discharge device is driven at the same time as the start of the prime mover to start suction and is always transmitted following the rotation of the prime mover, cutting is performed. There is an advantage that the suction operation is not interrupted during the operation. Next, according to the invention of claim 4, the onion supplied to the harvest container becomes full without the operator's knowledge and there is no danger of overflowing. Therefore, there is an advantage that the safety is enhanced and the commercial value is not impaired due to overflow and damage.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. First, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, an onion harvesting processing device A is a machine frame having a plurality of rolling wheels 12 mounted thereon.
Hopper 13 according to the onion processing procedure
1, a carrying conveyor 3, a foliage cutting device 4, a suction / leafing device 6, a lifting conveyor 14, a sorting device 15, a supply conveyor 9, and a support device 16 for the harvesting container 8 are respectively provided. And onion harvesting processing device A
The tractor or the like pulls the tractor to a field or a nearby work place and sets it in place, and performs a harvesting operation of onions dug out of the field.

Next, each of the above devices will be described.
The hopper-1 is, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
A large opening is provided at the rear of the room 13 so that onions dug from a field can be carried in. Reference numeral 17 denotes a lift of the carry-in container 18, which is attached to the rear of the hopper 1 so as to be freely rotatable up and down, and carries onions in the carry-in container 18 into the hopper 1.

The carrying conveyor 3 for carrying in is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, it is disposed so as to receive the entire surface of the bottom 2 of the hopper-1, and as shown in FIG. The transmission can be performed while shifting gears.

As shown in FIG. 1, the carry-in conveyor 3 is provided with a transfer end portion facing the transfer start end of the foliage cutting device 4, and the onion with foliage loaded into the hopper-1. It is configured to be transported and supplied. And
As shown in FIG. 2, the foliage cutting device 4 includes a left-handed spiral roller provided with a continuous projection of a left-handed screw on the surface and a right-handed spiral roller provided with a continuous projection of a right-handed screw on the surface. As a set, a plurality of sets are provided so as to extend along the axis in the direction of transport of the onions, and are also pivoted so as to rotate inward with each other, with the start end facing the feed conveyor 3. ,
The terminal end is located rearward. In the case of the embodiment, although a specific drawing is omitted, the set of rollers is tensioned by a spring so that the rollers can be pressed against each other.

The foliage cutting device 4 pulls in the onion supplied to the starting end in the rotational direction by the above-mentioned left-handed spiral roller and right-handed spiral roller, which are spirally continuous on the surface. While pulling out the foliage portion downward, sandwiching both sides, pressing and forcibly cutting the foliage portion, the foliage is separated and sucked by the suction / leafing device 6 below, and the flesh portion is transported backward.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the suction / leaf device 6 has its upper edge fixed to the front edge, the rear edge, and the left and right side edges of the lower part of the foliage cutting device 4 in a sealed manner. The foliage guide plate 20 is inclined in a funnel shape, and a lower end portion is fixed to a periphery of a suction port 22 of a lower suction fan chamber 21. The suction fan chamber 21 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a suction fan 23 mounted on the vertical axis is provided, and a leaf tube 24 extending tangentially through the base is provided to discharge cut foliage outside the machine. And

As shown in FIG. 8, the suction fan 23 is connected so that the power of the engine 7 is directly input to the hydraulic pump 25, and the hydraulic oil pumped from the pump 25 is supplied to the hydraulic motor 25. The motor 26 is supplied to and driven by the motor 26 and is transmitted by its rotational power. in this way,
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the hydraulic continuously variable transmission is configured such that one of the hydraulic pumps 25 is directly connected to the engine 7 to enable input, and the other hydraulic motor 26 is directly connected to the suction fan 23. And output.

Therefore, the suction fan 23 of the embodiment is
Since the suction is started by being driven at the same time as the start of the engine 7 and is always transmitted following the rotation of the engine 7, the suction operation is not interrupted during the cutting. Of course, a motor may be used instead of the engine 7.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the exhaust pipe 27 has a base communicating with the exhaust cylinder of the engine 7, and a distal end inserted into the funnel-shaped foliage guide plate 20 to be opened. Then, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 7 is drawn. The embodiment configured in this manner is the same as the foliage guide plate 20.
Since the air itself and the surrounding air are heated by the exhaust heat, it is possible to dry the wet foliage, prevent the foliage from adhering to the foliage guide plate 20 and the passage, and assist the foliage suction. Further, the exhaust pipe 27 is characterized in that when working indoors, the exhaust of the engine 7 can be forcibly sucked by the suction fan 23 of the suction and discharge device 6 and discharged outside.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lifting conveyor 14 receives the onion from which the foliage has been cut from the end of the foliage cutting device 4, and places the onion on a lifting lug 28 to lift and convey it. Then, the lifting conveyor 14 sorts the onions lifted upward into a sorting device 15.
And supplied to the start end portion of the camera.

Then, the sorting device 15 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a slat type sorting conveyor 15a is provided extending from the foliage cutting device 4 to a position above the carry-in conveyor 3, so that onions supplied from the lifting conveyor 14 can be selected visually. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9, the sorting device 15 is provided with a receiving net 29 on both sides of the sorting conveyor 15a for placing the defective defective onions.

Next, the supply conveyor 9 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, it is provided so as to be wound so as to rotate sideways close to the terminal end of the sorting conveyor 15a, and inherits onions that have been sorted and fall from the terminal end of the sorting conveyor 15a. To transport the frame 13 to either the left or right side of the body frame 13. Then, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the supply conveyor 9 is configured to supply and harvest the harvest container 8 placed on the support device 16 and waiting.

The supply conveyor 9 is configured to place and transport the selected good onions as described above, but as shown in FIG. The harvesting container 8 by moving it to the left and right with respect to the

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the support device 16 is rotatably mounted on an upper portion of a vertical support rod 31 provided at the outer end of the body frame 13 and supported. The L-shaped lift 16a is configured to be able to move up and down freely by a lifting hydraulic cylinder 32. And this L-shaped lift 16
11A and 11A, a container table 16c is slidably fitted to a lower receiving member 16b by a roller 16d as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 11), the container table 16c is housed in the receiving member 16b. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the container table 16c contacts the guide roller 33 fixed to the body frame 13 at the position where the receiving member 16b is lowered horizontally to the side of the body frame 13 and sequentially. It is configured to be pushed out and pop out.

As described above, the container table 1 of the support device 16
6C, when the lift 16a is lowered by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 32 and the receiving member 16b is in a horizontal state, as shown in FIG. 12, the guide 16 is pushed out by the guide roller 33 and protrudes outward, becoming farther outward from the support rod 31. Then, the harvest container 8 placed on the upper side is separated outward. for that reason,
The harvest container 8 has an advantage that it is separated outward from the support rod 31 and has a wide space between the two, so that operations such as entering and exiting a forklift can be easily performed.

As shown in FIG. 13, the sensor 10 is provided with a hard rubber detection rod 35 protruding forward.
Provided below the tip of the supply conveyor 9, the harvest container 8
It is configured to detect the amount of onions inside. In the case of the embodiment, when the harvest container 8 is full, the sensor 10 inputs the detection information to a controller (not shown) and issues an alarm based on a control signal output from the controller. It has a configuration.

The operation of the onion harvesting treatment apparatus A constructed as described above will be described. First, the harvesting treatment device A is pulled by a tractor, moved to a work place, and fixed, and each engine 7,
While starting 19, the rotating parts are transmitted to prepare for work. Then, the onion dug from the field is carried into the hopper 1 from the carry-in container 18 with the foliage attached.

Then, the onions are placed on a carry-in conveyor 3 that receives the entire surface of the bottom 2 of the hopper 1 and sequentially conveyed, and are conveyed from the end to the starting end of the foliage cutting device 4. At that time, the carry-in conveyor 3 selects the transfer speed steplessly and slowly according to the amount of onion.
Alternatively, it can be transported and carried in at a high speed.

As described above, in the case of the embodiment, the hopper-1
And the foliage cutting device 4 in the next step are close to each other, and the carry-in conveyor 3 is short and sufficient, so that the whole harvest processing device A can be configured compactly. Then, the foliage cutting device 4 feeds the onion backward in a process of feeding the onion backward by a pair of left-handed spiral roller and right-handed spiral roller rotating toward each other inward. To
It is pulled in the direction of rotation by a protruding spiral and hangs downward, and is forcibly cut and separated. At this time, in the suction / leafing device 6, the suction fan 23, which is forcibly driven, sucks the air above the foliage cutting device 4 downward through the gaps between the rollers, and removes the leaf stem immediately before cutting. The action of pulling down is working.

The foliage cut in this way is sucked into the suction port 22 while moving on the foliage guide plate 20, and is discharged out of the machine via the leaflet 24. In such a process, the onion is alternately provided with a rearward conveying force from the left and right sides by the spiral of the left-handed screw and the right-handed screw having different twisting directions, so that the onion is conveyed and slipped at the center position of both rollers. Smoothly sent. Therefore, the onion is hardly damaged and the value of the onion is extremely reduced.

In the case of the above-described embodiment, the suction / leafing device 6
Since the suction fan 23 sucks the foliage immediately before cutting sandwiched by the foliage cutting device 4 as described above, the foliage can be stretched downward to further enhance the cutting effect.
There is also an advantage that dust and the like other than the cut foliage can be sucked together and discharged.

In the case of the embodiment, the suction fan 23
Is driven by sending hydraulic oil from a hydraulic pump 25 directly connected to the engine 7 to a hydraulic motor 26.
The suction is started by being driven at the same time as the start of the engine 7, and the power is always transmitted following the rotation of the engine 7, so that there is an advantage that the suction operation is not interrupted.

In the case of this embodiment, the foliage guide plate 20 and the surrounding air are heated by drawing the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 7 through the exhaust pipe 27, so that the wet foliage can be dried and the foliage can be dried. Adhesion to the guide plate 20 and the passage can be prevented beforehand, and suction of foliage can be assisted. Further, the exhaust pipe 27 has a feature that when working indoors, the exhaust of the engine 7 can be forcibly sucked by the suction fan 23 of the suction and discharge device 6 and discharged to the outside.

The onion is passed from the end of the foliage cutting device 4 to the lower part of the lifting conveyor 14 and supplied to the upper sorting device 15 by the lifting lug 28. Then, the operator visually selects the onions conveyed on the slat-type sorting conveyor 15a of the sorting device 15, and selectively removes rotten ones, extremely poorly grown ones, and the like.

The onion, which is a good product after sorting, is passed from the end of the sorting conveyor 15a to the supply conveyor 9 and is conveyed to the harvest container 8 which is standing by at the side of the machine frame 13 and harvested. Is done. And the sensor 10
Can always detect the filling amount of the onion in the harvest container 8 with the detection rod 35 and can notify by an alarm before the filling is full, so that the product overflows without being noticed by the operator and is damaged. It has the advantage of not losing value.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the inside of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view, partly broken away, of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a hydraulic circuit diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an operation front view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an operation front view of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an operation front view of the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 hopper 2 bottom (hopper) 3
Conveyor 4 Foliage cutting device 5 Continuously variable transmission 6
Suction / leaf device 7 Prime mover 8 Harvest container 9
Supply conveyor 10 sensors.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tomomi Makita 1 Eighth-Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref. Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. Engineering department F term (reference) 2B072 AA03 DA08 DA12 DA19 EA06 EA16 GA01 GA11 4B061 AA05 AA08 AB03 AB08 BA03 CB05 CB17

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A transport conveyor 3 for loading is provided on a bottom portion 2 of a hopper 1 for loading onions having foliage harvested from a field, and the transport conveyor 3 for loading is provided with a foliage cutting device 4 provided subsequently. A processing device A is configured to supply the onion to the foliage, cut off the foliage with the foliage cutting device 4, visually select the harvested onion, and then harvest the onion. An onion harvesting treatment device configured to be transmitted via a garment. 2. The onion-harvesting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the suction / leaf discharge device 6 provided below the foliage cutting device 4 is configured to suction the cut foliage and discharge it to the outside of the machine. 3. The onion harvesting treatment device according to claim 2, wherein the suction / leaf discharge device 6 is directly connected to a transmission system from the prime mover 7 side. 4. The onion conveyor according to claim 1, wherein the supply conveyor device for conveying the selected onions to the harvest container includes a sensor for detecting an amount of the onions in the harvest container. Harvesting equipment.