JP2002174018A - Wall material and solar-system building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall material, which can be installed easily on the side wall of a building and has excellent weather resistance and on which power generation and heat collection by solar rays are enabled. SOLUTION: In the panel type wall material 1, the wall material 1 is constituted in such a manner that a base material 10, a heat collector 2 and a solar cell element 3 are laminated and the side facing the outside is coated with a resin film 4 having weather resistance. The wall material 1 is configured in such a manner that an inclined section 11 and a folding-back section 12 are formed, a hooked section 13 is formed at the upper end of the inclined section 11 while an upstanding section 14 is formed at the terminal of the folding-back section 12, and the hooked section 13 of the wall material 1 on the lower side is engaged with the upstanding section 14 of the wall material 1 on the upper side of the vertically adjacent wall materials 1 and 1 when the wall materials 1 are installed on a side wall.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hybrid wall material capable of performing solar power generation by a solar cell element and collecting sunlight by a heat collecting plate, and a solar system building using the wall material. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to directly use solar energy without releasing carbon dioxide gas without using fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal, a solar cell element for generating photovoltaic power and a heat collector for solar heat are used. Collectors are becoming popular. For the purpose of improving durability and reducing costs, products in which these solar cell elements and heat collectors are provided as a module integrally with a roof material have come to be marketed.

[0003]

However, when the solar cell element and the heat collector are provided integrally with the roof material, weather resistance,
In particular, since a specification that also has weight resistance is required assuming the case of snow and the like, the surface thereof is generally covered with tempered glass accompanying the increase in the weight of the roofing material. For this reason, when the roof has a complicated shape, projections, or is flat, a special stand is required, which leads to an increase in cost and a problem of durability of the roof. Was. In addition, when a solar cell element or a heat collector is provided on the roof, the power generation efficiency and the heat collection efficiency in the case of snow accumulation are significantly reduced. One-half of Japan's land is snow-covered, and the total amount of solar energy that becomes unavailable during the winter is enormous. For these reasons, it can be said that it is preferable to attach a module including a solar cell element and a heat collector to the outer wall of a building.However, the weight per unit area is large, as described above, in addition to the problem of impairing the appearance. Therefore, there was a problem that attachment became difficult.
In a large building using the curtain wall method, a dedicated module mounting member and a construction method have been developed. However, at present, suitable technology has not been developed for a small building, particularly a house.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can be easily attached to a side wall of a building.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a wall material which is excellent in weather resistance and capable of generating and collecting heat by sunlight. Another object is to provide a solar system building using a wall material capable of generating and collecting heat by sunlight.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a panel-type wall member provided outside a side wall of a building, wherein the wall member is arranged in order from a side facing the side wall. It is characterized in that a base material, a heat collector that absorbs heat, and a solar cell element that generates power using sunlight are stacked.

The present invention has a simple structure in which a heat collector and a solar cell element are laminated on a base material, and is of a panel type, so that the weight can be reduced and the mounting is easy. Become. As the base material, for example, a metal such as aluminum is preferably used from the viewpoint of light weight, corrosion resistance, and the like, but is not limited thereto. When a metal such as aluminum is used as the base material, the solar cell element can be insulated from the metal base material by using an insulator for the heat collector. The solar cell element has a wavelength of 1 μm, for example.
m does not absorb infrared light having a long wavelength from around m, so that solar energy that is not absorbed by the solar cell element passes through the solar cell element as it is and is absorbed by a heat collector disposed below the solar cell element, and is converted into thermal energy. Is converted. Further, heat energy generated by the loss in the solar cell element is also absorbed by the heat collector. In this way, part of the sunlight is converted into electric energy by the solar cell element and another part is converted into heat energy by the heat collector. As the heat collector, a matte black paint or a matte black film having a high absorptivity for solar radiation and a low radiation characteristic in an infrared region is preferable. Examples of the solar cell element include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, III-V compound semiconductors such as GaAs, II-VI compound semiconductors such as CdS, and compound semiconductors such as CuInSe2 and CuInS2. , A wet-type solar cell, an organic semiconductor solar cell such as phthalocyanine, polyacetin and the like, and a solar cell element of amorphous silicon having flexibility is easy to handle. As described above, since the heat collector and the solar cell element are stacked, almost the entire area of the base material is used for both power generation and heat collection by sunlight, so that the efficiency of collecting solar energy is increased. In addition, if a lightweight metal such as aluminum is used as the base material, the mounting work on the side wall becomes easy.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the wall member according to the first aspect, the solar cell elements are arranged and laminated on the heat collector, and the solar cell element is a solar cell element. It is characterized by being provided so as to be exposed between them.

[0008] With this configuration, the power generation efficiency and heat collection efficiency per unit area can be increased. Solar cell elements are usually cells with a finite size in the shape of a square, and are arranged regularly on a heat collector to effectively utilize the area of the base material to increase the amount of power generated per unit area. Can be done. Since the heat collector is provided not only on the back side of the solar cell element but also between the solar cell elements, the heat collecting efficiency can be increased.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the wall material according to the first or second aspect, the side facing the outside is covered with a weather-resistant resin film.

In the present invention, since the heat collector and the base material exposed to the outside as well as the solar cell element are covered with a weather-resistant resin film, the maintenance and management of the wall material over time can be facilitated. The life of the material can be extended. As such a weather-resistant resin film, it is preferable to use a film excellent in light transmittance, excellent in strength and ductility.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the wall material according to any one of the first to third aspects, the gap between the wall material and the side wall is gradually increased downward from the upper end of the wall material. And a folded portion formed by bending from the lower end of the inclined portion toward the side wall, and receiving the sunlight of the inclined portion. The heat collector and the solar cell element are laminated.

With such a configuration, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency by sunlight. For example, when the inclination angle of the inclined portion is 80 ° from the horizontal plane, the amount of power generation per cell area per year is 20 compared with the case where it is vertical.
% About large. In the case of rainy weather, rainwater flows down the inclined part, and it is difficult for the water to flow into the joint between the wall materials, so that the rain is improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the wall material according to the fourth aspect, a hook is provided at an upper end of the wall material so as to engage with a wall material located above when disposed on the side wall. A raised portion is provided at the end of the folded portion of the wall material, the rising portion rising upward from the end, and the hook of the wall material positioned below when disposed on the side wall. It is characterized by being constituted so that it may engage with a shape part.

With such a configuration, the wall material can be easily engaged with the side wall of the building by engaging the hook-shaped portion and the rising portion with each other. In addition, when the engagement is released, the wall material can be easily taken out by itself, thereby facilitating the maintenance work. Further, by providing the hook-shaped portion and the rising portion with the same width as the width of the wall material, the engaging portion becomes a water return, and the intrusion of rainwater from the engaging portion is prevented.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the wall material according to the fourth aspect, the upper end of the wall material and the end of the folded portion of the wall material are vertically arranged with respect to each other when disposed on the side wall. And a waterproof portion for preventing rainwater from entering between the wall members adjacent to.

With this configuration, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering between adjacent wall materials. The waterproofing part may be constituted by an engaging part that engages upper and lower wall materials with each other, or may be constituted by a recess formed in the base material to combine the upper and lower wall materials with each other. Good. Alternatively, when the wall material is provided in the shape of a clapboard, the portion that is overlapped by the wings may be a waterproof portion.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the wall member according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, side walls are provided at both ends.

With this configuration, when the wall material is attached to the side wall, the space sandwiched between the inclined portion and the folded portion is closed by the side plates provided at both ends,
A space is formed on the side wall side of the wall material. Thermal energy converted from sunlight by the heat collecting plate is accumulated as thermal energy of air in the space behind the wall material. Thus, in the present invention, air can be used as a heat medium. Further, a heat collecting tube having an inside serving as a flow path of a heat medium such as water can be provided in a space formed on the side wall side of the wall material.

The invention according to claim 8 has an insulating room defined by an insulating wall, and a predetermined distance from the side wall of the building at least outside the side wall on the side receiving sunlight. The wall material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wall material is disposed so as to cover the side wall so as to form an air layer between the air layer and the side wall. A ventilation mechanism that performs ventilation by the ventilation mechanism, the ventilation mechanism includes a duct that communicates with the air layer, an air supply duct that communicates the duct with the heat insulation room, and the duct that is provided in the air supply duct. And an air supply fan for sucking air into the insulated room from above, and is configured to supply air from the air layer to the insulated room through the duct and the air supply duct.

With this configuration, an air layer is formed between the wall material and the side wall of the building, and when the wall material receives sunlight, heat energy converted from the sunlight by the heat collector and heat energy The thermal energy generated by the loss in the solar cell element warms the air in the air layer via the resin adhesive having a good thermal conductivity and the base material. The insulated room in which the human living space is provided is independent of such a rise in the temperature of the surrounding air because it is defined by the insulated walls. The warmed air is supplied to the insulated room by the air supply fan via the duct and the air supply duct. For example, during the winter heating period, by performing ventilation with the air heated in this way, it is possible to reduce the load on the heating apparatus and save energy. More specifically, the air temperature is 20
When the temperature is equal to or more than 20 °, it can be used as air supply heating. Further, the warmed air can be used for preheating tap water for hot water supply, heating a hot water supply tank, or drying a bathtub and laundry throughout the four seasons. On the other hand, at night, heat is radiated from the heat collector or the solar cell element as infrared rays, and the wall material is radiatively cooled.
For this reason, the air in the air layer is deprived of heat via the base material, and the temperature is lower than the temperature of the outside air. For example, during the cooling period in summer, by performing ventilation with the air thus cooled, it is possible to reduce the load on the cooling device and save energy.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the solar system building according to the eighth aspect, an outside air introduction duct communicating between the outside of the building and the heat insulating room, and an outside air provided in the outside air introduction duct. And an outside air introduction fan that sucks air into the heat insulation room, and is configured to directly introduce outside air into the heat insulation room.

With such a configuration, ventilation can be performed by introducing outside air directly into the insulated room. For example, during the summer cooling period, outside air is introduced during the day instead of the warmed air between the wall material and the side wall to perform ventilation. Also, during the winter heating period, at night,
Instead of cooled air between the wall material and the side walls, outside air is introduced to provide ventilation.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a wall material and a solar system building according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5,
1 shows an embodiment of a wall material according to the present invention. 1 is a front view of a clapboard type wall material, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wall material taken along the line II of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the wall material in I-II, and FIG.
It is an expanded sectional view of the wall material in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, a clapboard-type wall member 1 is a panel-type wall member disposed outside a side wall of a building (not shown), and is attached to the side wall. It has a long shape in the horizontal direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, an inclination angle θ is provided so that the gap between the side wall and the side wall gradually increases from the upper end of the wall material 1, and the heat collector 2 and the solar cell The inclined portion 11 is provided with the element 3. A folded portion 12 is provided which is bent from the lower end of the inclined portion 11 toward the side wall and extended. Here, the inclination angle θ
The larger the value, the higher the efficiency of receiving sunlight, but it is about 80 ° in consideration of the appearance when used as a wall material.

At the upper end of the wall material 1, a hook-shaped portion 13 is provided which engages with the wall material located above when disposed on the side wall, and the end of the folded portion 12 faces upward from the end. There is provided a rising portion 14 that rises up, and is configured to engage with a hook-shaped portion of a wall material located below when disposed on the side wall. These hook-shaped parts 13
The rising portion 14 is formed to have the same width as the wall material 1, and when disposed on the side wall, engages with the rising portion and the hook-shaped portion of the wall material located above and below, respectively, to prevent rainwater from entering. It is also called a waterproof part.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, side plates 15, 15 are provided at both ends of the wall material 1, and the inclined portions 11 are provided.
It is configured to form a space for storing air on the side wall side of. The side plates 15, 15 are provided with mounting portions 16, 16 provided with screw holes so that the wall material 1 can be mounted on the side walls using wood screws or the like.

As shown in FIG. 5, the wall material 1 is composed of, in order from the side facing the side wall, a base material 10, a heat collector 2 for absorbing heat, and a solar cell element 3 for generating electricity by sunlight. The outside facing side is covered with a weather-resistant resin film 4. These are fixed to each other by an adhesive 5 having translucency. The solar cell elements 3 formed into substantially square cells are arranged and stacked on the heat collector 2, and the heat collector 2 includes a plurality of arranged solar cell elements 3.
Are laminated on the base material 10 so as to be exposed between 3. The arranged solar cell elements 3, 3,... Are electrically connected to each other, and are connected to a terminal box 17 provided on the side wall of the base material 10. The lead wires 18, 18 with connectors electrically connected to the solar cell elements 3, 3,... Are fixed to this terminal box, and when the wall material 1 is attached to the side wall, other adjacent wires are provided. It is designed to be connected to the lead wire with connector of the wall material. Here, in the present embodiment, the base material 10 is made of a metal such as aluminum from the viewpoint of light weight, corrosion resistance, and the like, and the heat collector 2 has a high solar radiation absorption rate, and has a high infrared absorption range. Is a matte black film having low radiation characteristics, and the solar cell element 3 is, for example, polycrystalline silicon. The heat collector 2 is formed of an insulator in order to insulate the base material 10 made of metal and the solar cell element 3 from each other. And
As the resin film 4 coated on the outside, one of a film made of a synthetic resin material such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, cellophane, acryl, fluorine, etc. having excellent translucency, or a laminate thereof is used. Have been. Of course, in order to prevent these materials from being deteriorated by ultraviolet rays and improve weather resistance, inorganic pigments,
It may contain an ultraviolet absorber or the like, or may be coated on the surface. Further, as the adhesive 5,
It is preferably a resin-based adhesive excellent in light transmission,
For example, those made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyvinyl butyral, silicone resin and the like are used.

The wall material 1 having such a configuration is manufactured as follows. That is, the matte black film heat collector 2 made of an insulator is adhered to the square base material 10 by the adhesive 5, and the solar cell elements 3 are arranged on the heat collector 2 by the adhesive 5. Attach together. At this time,
The heat collector 2 is exposed between the solar cell elements 3, 3,....
Finally, on the solar cells 3, 3...
The resin film 4 is adhered by the adhesive 5 so as to cover all the zeros. After the laminated structure of the wall material 1 is thus formed, the four corners of the base material 10 are cut off, and the four sides are bent, and the inclined portion 11, the folded portion 12, the side plate 15, the mounting portion 1
6 are provided. Further, the upper end of the inclined portion 11 is bent into a hook shape to form a hook-shaped portion 13, and the end of the folded portion 12 is bent upward to form a rising portion 14. As described above, the wall material 1 can be easily manufactured by a simple method of attaching each member to one sheet of the base material 10, cutting the four corners and bending the four sides, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. Can be suppressed.

The wall material 1 manufactured as described above is attached to a side wall as follows, for example. First, wall material 1
A small joist to which is attached is erected parallel to the side wall and perpendicular to the ground. At this time, the small joist is provided at a predetermined distance from the side wall such that an air layer of about 10 mm to 30 mm is formed between the small joist and the side wall when the wall material 1 is attached. Next, the wall materials 1, 1... Are fixed to the small joist by wood screws through the screw holes formed in the mounting portion 16 one by one. Vertically adjacent wall materials 1,1
Is attached to the rising portion 14 of the upper wall material 1 and to the lower wall material 1
Is attached so that the hook-shaped portion 13 of the second member is engaged. Between the wall materials 1, 1 adjacent to the left and right, a rubber packing or a sealing material is filled to improve the appearance and improve the rain.

The wall material 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 having the above-described structure is formed by using a lightweight and durable aluminum as the base material 10 and using a tempered glass using only the resin film 4. Because it is not configured, it is lightweight and has excellent workability. Furthermore, since it is a panel type, it can be easily attached to the side wall.

Since the solar cell element 3 does not absorb infrared rays having a wavelength longer than about 1 μm, solar energy not absorbed by the solar cell element 3
And is absorbed by the heat collector 2 and converted into thermal energy. Further, heat energy generated by the loss in the solar cell element 3 is also absorbed by the heat collector 2. Thus, a part of the sunlight is converted into electric energy by the solar cell element 3 and another part is converted into heat energy by the heat collector 2. As described above, by stacking the heat collector 2 and the solar cell element 3, almost the entire area of the substrate 10 is used for both power generation and heat collection by sunlight, and the solar energy collection efficiency is increased. can do.

Further, the solar cell elements 3 which are square cells are regularly arranged on the heat collector 2 to effectively utilize the area of the base material 10 to increase the power generation per unit area. . Moreover, the heat collector 2 is provided so as to be exposed not only on the back side of the arranged solar cell elements 3, 3,... But also between the solar cell elements 3, 3,.
The heat collection efficiency can be increased.

Since the heat collector 2 and the base material 10 are covered with the adhesive 5 and the weather-resistant resin film 4 as well as the solar cell elements 3, 3,... Maintenance becomes easy, and the life of the wall material 1 can be extended.

By providing the inclined portion 11 on the wall material 1, the light receiving efficiency of sunlight increases. When the inclination angle of the inclined portion 11 is 80 ° from the horizontal plane as in the present embodiment, the annual power generation per cell area is increased by about 20% as compared with the case where the inclined portion 11 is erected vertically. In the case of rainy weather, rainwater flows down the inclined portion 11, and the structure is such that rainwater does not easily flow into the joint between the vertically adjacent wall materials, and the rain is improved.

In addition, the wall material 1 can be easily attached to the side wall of the building by engaging the hook-shaped portion 13 and the rising portion 14 with another vertically adjacent wall material. Further, if the engagement is released, an arbitrary wall material among the wall materials once attached can be easily taken out by itself, thereby facilitating maintenance work. Further, when the hook-like portion 13 and the rising portion 14 are provided to have the same width as the width of the wall material 1 as in the present embodiment, the engaging portion becomes a water return, and the intrusion of rainwater from the engaging portion is prevented. It becomes a waterproof part, so the rain is improved.

Since the side plates 15, 15 are provided at both ends of the wall material 1, when the wall material 1 is attached to the side wall,
The space sandwiched between the inclined portion 11 and the folded portion 12 is closed by the side plates 15, 15, and a space is formed on the side wall side of the wall material 1. Thermal energy converted from sunlight by the heat collecting plate 2 is accumulated as thermal energy of air in the space on the side wall side of the wall material 1. Thus, air can be used as a heat medium. Further, instead of air, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a heat collecting tube having a flow path for a heat medium such as water is provided inside.

As described above, according to the wall material 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, it can be easily attached to the side wall of a building, has excellent weather resistance, and can generate and collect heat by sunlight.

In addition to the polycrystalline silicon, the solar cell element 3 includes, for example, single crystal silicon, amorphous silicon, a III-V group compound semiconductor such as GaAs, and II such as CdS.
A group VI compound semiconductor or a compound semiconductor such as CuInSe2 or CuInS2, a wet solar cell, a phthalocyanine, an organic semiconductor solar cell such as polyacetin, or the like;
It is not limited to polycrystalline silicon.

As shown in FIG. 6, the wall material 1 may be configured such that a matte black paint is directly applied as a heat collector 2 on the base material 10. At this time, in order to increase the insulation between the solar cell elements 3, 3,.
The resin film 4 is laminated between the heat collector 2 and the solar cell elements 3, 3,....

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the wall material may be formed in a flat plate shape, or as shown in FIG. 8, may be formed in a brick pattern type. In the figure, portions corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted here. In consideration of productivity and workability, it is preferable to use a flat plate which is a so-called 3 × 6 fixed plate as shown in FIG. 7, and from the viewpoint of improving the appearance,
A brick pattern type as shown in FIG. 8 is preferable. It goes without saying that, in the clapboard type as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, in addition to the one-stage type shown in the above embodiment, a configuration in which multiple stages are formed from one base material may be used. .

Next, a solar system building using the wall material having the above-described configuration will be described in detail. 9 to 12
1 shows an embodiment of a solar system building according to the present invention. In the figure, a solar system building H has an insulated room 6 defined by insulated walls W, W... Provided on the side walls of the building and on the inside of the building. On the outside of the side wall, for example, panel-type wall materials 1, 1... As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 are separated from the side wall by a predetermined distance to form an air layer R between the side wall. Are provided so as to cover the side wall.

The ventilation room 7 is provided with a ventilation mechanism 7 for ventilating with air in the air layer R. The ventilation mechanism 7 communicates the duct 71 communicating with the air layer R, and the duct 71 and the insulation room 6. An air supply duct 72, and an air supply fan 73 provided in the air supply duct 72 to suck air from the duct 71 into the heat insulating room 6.
And air is supplied from the air layer R to the heat insulating room 6 via the air layer R. Here, an air intake 74 for taking in air from outside air into the air layer R is formed at the lower end of the outer wall composed of the side wall and the wall materials 1, 1,..., And the duct 71 is provided above the heat insulation room 6. I have. At the end of the duct 71, an air discharge port 75 through which air is discharged outside the building is provided.
Is formed, and the air exhaust port 7
5 is formed. Then, the air warmed between the wall materials 1, 1,... And the side walls is carried upward, and is easily introduced into the heat insulating room 6. However, a damper 7 that can be freely opened and closed is provided in the duct 71 so that the warmed air is not discharged to the outside as it is.
8 is provided to limit the flow rate. Further, a heat collection pipe 9 having a flow path for a heat medium such as water is provided at a position downstream of the air flow from the position where the air supply duct 72 is provided in the duct 71. A connecting pipe 91 connected to the heat collecting pipe 9 and the hot water storage tank T is provided so that the heat collecting pipe 9 communicates with a hot water storage tank T provided outside the building so that the heat medium circulates through the inside. I have. The ventilation mechanism 7 is provided with the duct 71 and the heat insulator at two positions downstream of the air flow from the position where the air supply duct 72 is provided and upstream and downstream of the position where the heat collection tube 9 is provided. Exhaust duct 7 communicating with room 6
6 is provided in the exhaust duct 76.
An exhaust fan 77 that discharges air from the air to the duct 71 is provided.

The solar system building H has an outside air introduction mechanism 8 for directly introducing outside air into the heat insulation room 6, and has an outside air introduction duct 81 communicating the outside of the building with the heat insulation room 6.
An outside air introduction fan 82 is provided in the outside air introduction duct 81 and sucks outside air into the heat insulation room 6, and is configured to directly introduce outside air into the heat insulation room 6.

FIGS. 9 to 12 are views showing different use states of the solar system building having such a configuration. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a daytime use state during which sunlight is received during a winter heating period, FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a nighttime use state in winter, and FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating spring, summer, and fall seasons. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a daytime use state in which sunlight is received, and FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a nighttime use state in spring, summer, and autumn.

In the daytime when sunlight is received, when the wall materials 1, 1... Receive sunlight, heat energy converted from the sunlight by the heat collector 2 and loss in the solar cell element 3 The heat energy generated in the air layer R
Warm the air inside. Since the heat-insulated room 6 in which the human living space is provided is defined by the heat-insulating walls W, W..., It is irrelevant to such a rise in the temperature of the surrounding air. As shown in FIG. 9, for example, during the heating period in winter, the heated air is supplied to the duct 71 and the air supply duct 7.
2, the air is supplied to the heat-insulated room 6 by the air supply fan 73 to perform ventilation. By performing ventilation with the warmed air, it is possible to reduce the load on the heating device and save energy. When the temperature of the air is 20 ° or more, it can be used as air supply heating, and when it is 20 ° or less, it can be used as air supply preheating. When the heat medium in the heat collection tube 9 is heated by the heated air in the air layer R, the heat medium is sent to the hot water storage tank T via the connecting pipe 91, and the preheating of the tap water for hot water supply and the supply of hot water to the hot water supply tank are performed. Heating is performed. Furthermore, the warmed air is used for drying bathtubs and laundry throughout the four seasons. It also manages the exhaust,
When the temperature of the air inside 1 is higher than the temperature of the air in the heat insulation room 6, the air is exhausted from the heat insulation room 6 to the air layer R through the exhaust duct 76 on the downstream side of the heat collection tube 9, When the temperature is lower than the temperature of the air in the insulated room 6, the damper 78 is substantially closed to reduce the intrusion of cool air, and the air is transferred from the insulated room 6 to the air layer R through the exhaust duct 76 on the upstream side of the heat collection tube 9. , The temperature of the heat collecting tube 9 can be kept as high as possible.

On the other hand, at night, heat is radiated from the heat collector 2 and the solar cell element 3 as infrared rays, and the wall material 1 is radiatively cooled. For this reason, the air in the air layer R is deprived of heat via the base material 10, and its temperature is lower than the temperature of the outside air. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, during the winter heating period, the outside air introduction fan 81 is used at night, instead of the cooled air between the wall materials 1, 1. External air is introduced by 82 to perform ventilation.

During the daytime during which sunlight of spring, summer, and autumn is received other than during the heating period, as shown in FIG. Is introduced and ventilation is performed.

At nighttime during the cooling period in summer, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, air in the air layer R cooled by radiative cooling is introduced to reduce the load on the cooling equipment and save energy. be able to.

As described above, according to the solar system building H as shown in FIGS. 9 to 12, electric energy can be saved by effectively using solar energy. Conversely, if the electric energy generated by the sunlight remains, it is possible to supply electric power to the outside via a transmission line linked to the system, or to charge a storage battery or the like and take it out when necessary.

[0050]

The present invention has the following effects. According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the wall member is formed by stacking the base material, the heat collector, and the solar cell element and is formed in a panel type, the wall material efficiently generates electricity using sunlight. And light-weight, and can be easily attached to the side wall.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the solar cell elements are arranged and laminated on the heat collector, and the heat collector is provided so as to be exposed between the solar cell elements. The power generation efficiency and heat collection efficiency per area can be increased.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the side facing the outside is covered with the weather-resistant resin film, the maintenance of the wall material is facilitated and the life of the wall material is extended. be able to.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the wall member has the inclined portion and the folded portion, and the heat collector and the solar cell element are stacked on the surface of the inclined portion that receives sunlight. Therefore, it is possible to improve the power generation efficiency by sunlight. In addition, it is possible to improve the end of rain.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the upper end of the wall member is provided with a hook-like portion which engages with the upper wall member when being disposed on the side wall. At the end of the folded portion, a rising portion is provided so as to engage with the hook-shaped portion of the wall material located below, so that the wall material can be easily attached to the side wall of the building.

According to the invention of claim 6, when disposed on the side wall, the upper end of the wall member and the end of the folded portion prevent rainwater from entering between the vertically adjacent wall members. Since the waterproof part for preventing the rain is provided, it is possible to improve the rain.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the side plates are provided at both ends of the wall material, the air accumulated in the space formed on the side wall side of the wall material is converted into heat for storing thermal energy. It can be a medium.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, a wall material for covering the side wall is provided outside the side wall so as to form an air layer between the side wall and the wall material, and is defined by the heat insulating wall. Since the air is supplied from the air layer to the insulated room by the ventilation mechanism, energy required for air conditioning can be saved.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the outside air is directly introduced into the heat insulation room from the outside of the building, the temperature of the air in the air layer and the temperature of the outside air are compared. Then, it is possible to select and introduce air close to the required temperature in the insulated room according to the season.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention,
It is a front view which shows an example of a wall material.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion O in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a view showing one embodiment according to the present invention,
It is an expanded sectional view which shows another example of a wall material.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment according to the present invention,
It is a front view which shows another example of a wall material.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment according to the present invention,
It is a front view which shows another example of a wall material.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a use state of a solar system building according to the present invention during winter daytime when receiving sunlight.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a use state of a solar system building according to the present invention at night in winter.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a usage state of a solar system building according to the present invention during spring, summer, and autumn day when sunlight is received.

FIG. 12 shows a solar system building according to the invention in the spring;
It is a figure which shows the use condition of summer and autumn night.

[Explanation of symbols]

 H ・ ・ ・ Solar system building R ・ ・ ・ Air layer W ・ ・ ・ Heat insulation wall 1 ・ ・ ・ Wall material 2 ・ ・ ・ Heat collector 3 ・ ・ ・ Solar cell element 4 ・ ・ ・ Resin film 5 ・ ・ ・ Adhesion Material 6 ・ ・ ・ Insulated room 7 ・ ・ ・ Ventilation mechanism 8 ・ ・ ・ External air introduction mechanism 9 ・ ・ ・ Heat collection tube 10 ・ ・ ・ Base material 11 ・ ・ ・ Inclination portion 12 ・ ・ ・ Folding portion 13 ・ ・ ・ Hook shape Part 14 ... Rising part 15 ... Side plate 71 ... Duct 72 ... Supply duct 73 ... Supply fan 74 ... Air inlet 75 ... Air outlet 76 ... Exhaust Duct 77 ・ ・ ・ Exhaust fan

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F24J 2/42 F24J 2/42 C H01L 31/042 H01L 31/04 R (71) Applicant 592032544 6-2-2 Kita 5-Jo Nishi, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido (71) Applicant 500563463 Hokkaido New Nikkei Co., Ltd. 1-3604, Ryokawa, Niigata-shi, Japan (72) Katsunori Nagano 1-2-11-5 Kawaji, Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido F-term (reference) 2E001 DD01 DD12 DH07 FA04 FA15 FA24 FA35 GA12 GA23 GA42 HB04 HD11 HF02 KA01 LA07 LA11 MA03 NA04 NA05 ND14 2E110 AA04 AA14 AA27 AA35 AB04 AB22 BA03 BA12 BA23 BB04 BD23 CC04 DA03 DA23 DB14 DC02 DD02 GA32W GB06X GB43W GB44W GB45Z GB46W GB46Z GB47W GB53Z GB55Z 5F051 BA03 JA09 JA18

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A panel-type wall member disposed outside a side wall of a building, wherein the wall member includes, in order from a side facing the side wall, a base material, and a heat collector that absorbs heat. A wall material comprising a solar cell element that generates power by sunlight and a solar cell element laminated thereon. 2. The wall material according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell elements are arranged and stacked on the heat collector so that the heat collector is exposed between the solar cell elements. Wall material characterized by being provided. 3. The wall material according to claim 1, wherein the side facing the outside is covered with a weather-resistant resin film. 4. The wall material according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle is provided so as to be gradually spaced from the side wall as it goes downward from an upper end of the wall material. Inclined portion, comprising a folded portion formed by extending from the lower end of the inclined portion toward the side wall, the heat collector and the heat collector on a surface of the inclined portion that receives sunlight. A wall material comprising a solar cell element laminated thereon. 5. The wall material according to claim 4, wherein an upper end of the wall material is provided with a hook-shaped portion which engages with an upper wall material when the wall material is disposed on the side wall. At the end of the folded portion of the wall material, there is provided a rising portion that rises upward from the end, so as to engage with the hook-shaped portion of the wall material located below when disposed on the side wall. Wall material characterized by being constituted. 6. The wall material according to claim 4, wherein an upper end of the wall material and an end of a folded portion of the wall material are vertically adjacent to each other when disposed on the side wall. A wall material provided with a waterproof portion for preventing rainwater from entering from between. 7. The wall material according to claim 4, wherein side plates are provided at both ends. 8. An insulating room defined by an insulating wall, wherein at least a predetermined distance is provided between the side wall and the outside of the side wall of the building on a side that receives sunlight. The wall material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which covers the side wall so as to form an air layer, wherein the heat insulating room has a ventilation mechanism that performs ventilation with air in the air layer. Provided, the ventilation mechanism is a duct that communicates with the air layer, an air supply duct that communicates the duct with the heat insulation room, and air that is provided in the air supply duct and from the duct to the heat insulation room. A solar system building, comprising: an air supply fan that sucks air; and configured to supply air from the air layer to the heat-insulated room through the duct and the air supply duct. 9. The solar system building according to claim 8, wherein an outside air introduction duct communicating between the outside of the building and the heat insulation room, and the outside air is provided in the outside air introduction duct and sucks outside air into the heat insulation room. A solar system building comprising: an outside air introduction fan; and configured to directly introduce outside air into the heat-insulated room.