JP2002171682A - Charger and charging method for electric double-layer capacitor - Google Patents
Charger and charging method for electric double-layer capacitorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002171682A JP2002171682A JP2000360877A JP2000360877A JP2002171682A JP 2002171682 A JP2002171682 A JP 2002171682A JP 2000360877 A JP2000360877 A JP 2000360877A JP 2000360877 A JP2000360877 A JP 2000360877A JP 2002171682 A JP2002171682 A JP 2002171682A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- voltage
- electric double
- layer capacitor
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】 本発明は、直列に接続され
た複数のセルからなる電気二重層コンデンサモジュール
（以下、単にモジュールともいう）に用いられる電気二
重層コンデンサ用充電装置及び充電方法に関する。より
詳細には、モジュールに流れる充電電流の状態によって
設定充電電圧、即ち、充電回路の出力電圧を変化させ
て、充電電力の無駄をなくしながら、尚且つ、セル容量
の最大限の利用を可能とした電気二重層コンデンサ用充
電装置と、その装置を利用した充電方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging device and a charging method for an electric double layer capacitor used in an electric double layer capacitor module (hereinafter, simply referred to as a module) including a plurality of cells connected in series. More specifically, the set charging voltage, that is, the output voltage of the charging circuit is changed depending on the state of the charging current flowing through the module, thereby making it possible to use the cell capacity to the maximum while eliminating waste of charging power. The present invention relates to a charging device for an electric double layer capacitor and a charging method using the device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】 電気二重層コンデンサは、ファラッド
級の大容量を有し、充放電サイクル特性にも優れること
から、電子機器のバックアップ電源や自動車をはじめと
した各種輸送機のバッテリーとして用いられている他、
エネルギーの有効利用の観点からは、夜間電力の貯蔵と
いった用途での使用も検討され、需要が拡大されつつあ
る。これらの用途のうち、大容量の電流を必要とする用
途においては、一般的に、複数の電気二重層コンデンサ
セルを直列に接続したモジュールが組まれて使用されて
いる。2. Description of the Related Art Electric double-layer capacitors have farad-class large capacities and excellent charge-discharge cycle characteristics, and are therefore used as backup power supplies for electronic equipment and batteries for various transport vehicles such as automobiles. Other than
From the viewpoint of effective use of energy, use in applications such as storage of nighttime electric power is also being considered, and demand is expanding. Among these applications, in applications requiring a large amount of current, a module in which a plurality of electric double layer capacitor cells are connected in series is generally used.
【０００３】 このモジュールに充放電を行うと、モジ
ュールにおけるセルの直列接続部分においては、各セル
の静電容量や漏れ抵抗等の特性バラツキによって、各セ
ルの端子電圧に差が生じ、セルによってはかかる電圧が
耐電圧以上に上昇してしまい寿命劣化が発生することが
ある。When the module is charged and discharged, a difference occurs in the terminal voltage of each cell due to variations in characteristics such as capacitance and leakage resistance of each cell in a series connection of cells in the module. Such a voltage may be increased to a withstand voltage or higher, and the life may be deteriorated.
【０００４】 この問題を解決するために、従来より、
種々の提案がなされているが、それぞれに解決すべき課
題を抱えていた。特公昭６２−４８４８号公報には、各
セルに並列にブリーダ抵抗を接続し、セル電圧を均等化
させる方法が開示されている。しかしながら、この方法
では、ブリーダ抵抗を流れる電流はセルにとって漏れ電
流となり、電圧保持時間が短くなるという問題が内在す
る。又、ブリーダ抵抗を入れても漏れ電流を全てのセル
において同一には出来ないので、各セルが分担する電圧
にはバラツキが生じる。従って、セル１つの耐電圧×セ
ルの直列接続数にまで充電回路の出力電圧、即ち、設定
充電電圧を上げてしまうと、各セルが分担する電圧のバ
ラツキによって、最悪の場合、耐電圧以上の電圧がかか
るセルが生じるため、設定充電電圧を低めにしなければ
ならならず、その結果、全てのセルが満充電に至らずに
蓄電可能なエネルギーが減少するといった問題が生じ
る。In order to solve this problem, conventionally,
Various proposals have been made, but each had problems to be solved. Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-4848 discloses a method of connecting a bleeder resistor in parallel to each cell to equalize cell voltages. However, this method has a problem that the current flowing through the bleeder resistor becomes a leakage current for the cell, and the voltage holding time is shortened. In addition, even if a bleeder resistor is inserted, the leakage current cannot be made the same in all cells, so that the voltage shared by each cell varies. Therefore, if the output voltage of the charging circuit, that is, the set charging voltage, is increased up to the withstand voltage of one cell × the number of cells connected in series, the worst case is that the output voltage exceeds the withstand voltage due to variations in the voltage shared by the cells. Since a cell to which a voltage is applied occurs, the set charging voltage must be lowered, and as a result, there is a problem that the energy that can be stored is reduced without all the cells being fully charged.
【０００５】 又、実開平４−２６５２２号公報には、
電圧クランプによって充電電圧を制限する方法が開示さ
れている。この方法を用いた場合、モジュール内の１つ
のセルがクランプ電圧に達した場合には、クランプ回路
に充電電流がバイパスされる。各セルには過電圧がかか
らず、最大エネルギーの蓄電が可能となる。In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-26522,
A method for limiting a charging voltage by a voltage clamp is disclosed. With this method, if one cell in the module reaches the clamp voltage, the charging current is bypassed to the clamp circuit. Overvoltage is not applied to each cell, and the maximum energy can be stored.
【０００６】 しかしながら、モジュールを構成する各
セルの最大電圧設定値においては、僅かながら、初期誤
差及び温度変化により設定値の変化が生じることがあ
る。従って、通常、モジュールに充電する場合には、こ
の設定値の変化量を見込んで設定充電電圧を決定する必
要がある。このとき、設定充電電圧が実際の各セル合計
クランプ電圧よりも低い場合には、満充電まで充電され
ないセルが発生して蓄電可能なエネルギーが減少する問
題が生じる。又、設定充電電圧が実際の各セル合計クラ
ンプ電圧よりも高い場合にはセルは満充電まで充電され
るが、クランプ回路が全て導通状態となり、充電電力が
無駄に消費されるという問題が生じる。１つのセル毎の
クランプ回路動作電圧の誤差が数ｍＶと微小であって
も、セルの直列接続数が多い場合には合計で数Ｖとなり
得て、充電電圧の決定に、この誤差は無視できない。However, the maximum voltage set value of each cell constituting the module may slightly change due to an initial error and a temperature change. Therefore, when charging the module, it is usually necessary to determine the set charging voltage in consideration of the amount of change in the set value. At this time, when the set charging voltage is lower than the actual total clamping voltage of each cell, there is a problem that cells that are not charged until full charge are generated and energy that can be stored is reduced. When the set charging voltage is higher than the actual total clamping voltage of each cell, the cells are charged until they are fully charged. However, all the clamp circuits are turned on, causing a problem that the charging power is wasted. Even if the error of the operating voltage of the clamp circuit for each cell is as small as several mV, when the number of cells connected in series is large, it can be several V in total, and this error cannot be ignored in determining the charging voltage. .
【０００７】 従って、電気二重層コンデンサモジュー
ルにおいては、セルにかかる電圧が耐電圧以上に上昇し
てセルが劣化することを防止しながら、充電電力が無駄
にならず、且つ、好ましくは短時間でセルに最大エネル
ギーの蓄電が可能な充電方法が求められていた。Therefore, in the electric double layer capacitor module, the charging power is not wasted while preventing the cell from deteriorating due to the voltage applied to the cell exceeding the withstand voltage, and preferably in a short time. There has been a demand for a charging method capable of storing the maximum energy in a cell.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】 本発明は上述した従
来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的
とするところは、従来技術の問題点を解決することであ
って、より詳細には、電気二重層コンデンサモジュール
を構成するセルのバイパス回路の最大設定電圧バラツキ
を踏まえ、高すぎて充電電力が無駄に消費されたり低す
ぎて充電不足にならない最適な充電電圧の設定を可能と
し、安全に、より速く、モジュール内の全てのセルを満
充電に導く電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置及び充電方
法を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art. Based on the maximum set voltage variation of the bypass circuit of the cells that make up the electric double layer capacitor module, it is possible to set the optimum charging voltage so that the charging power is not too high and the charging power is not wasted or too low and the charging is not insufficient. It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging device and a charging method for an electric double layer capacitor, which lead all cells in a module to a full charge safely and quickly.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】 本出願人は、上述の目
的を達成するために種々検討した結果、均等化手段を備
えた電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置において、実際に
モジュールに流れる充電電流ＩCを測定する手段、及
び、実際にモジュールの端子電圧ＶCを測定する手段を
備え、充電電流ＩCが均等化手段の負担可能電流になる
まで、モジュールに充電電流を流す充電手段の設定充電
電流ＩSを絞った後で、所定の設定充電電圧ＶSによる定
電圧充電に切り換えて一定時間充電し、その後に、充電
電流ＩCが一定電流以下に減少していなければ、充電手
段の設定充電電圧ＶSが高すぎると判定し、これを下
げ、又、一定時間後に充電電流ＩCが一定電流以下に減
少していた場合には、設定充電電圧ＶSが低すぎたかも
知れず、これを一旦上げて充電を続け、落ち着いた時点
でのモジュールの端子電圧Ｖ Cが、上げた設定充電電圧
ＶSと一定範囲内に収まる電圧である時に、この設定充
電電圧ＶSを最適な充電電圧と判定し、所定の時間はこ
の設定充電電圧ＶSを維持して定電圧充電を行うことを
繰り返すことにより、上述の目的を達成できることを見
出した。換言すれば、目的達成手段は、モジュールに流
れる充電電流の状態を監視し、その状態に応じて設定充
電電圧ＶSを変更することである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The applicant of the present invention
As a result of various studies to achieve
In the charging device for electric double layer capacitors
Charging current I flowing through the moduleCMeans for measuring
And the actual terminal voltage V of the moduleCMeans to measure
The charging current ICIs the current that can be borne by the equalization means
Up to the setting of the charging means to pass the charging current to the module
Current ISAfter squeezing, the predetermined set charging voltage VSAccording to
Switch to voltage charging, charge for a certain time, and then charge
Current ICIf the charge has not dropped below a certain
Stage charge voltage VSIs determined to be too high, and
The charging current I after a certain period of time.CDecreases below a certain current.
If it has been a little, set charging voltage VSMay have been too low
Unknown, raise this once, continue charging, and settle down
Terminal voltage V of the module at CBut the set charging voltage
VSWhen the voltage falls within a certain range,
Electric voltage VSIs determined to be the optimal charging voltage, and
Set charging voltage VSTo maintain constant voltage charging.
By repeating, you can see that the above objectives can be achieved.
Issued. In other words, the means for achieving the goal is transferred to the module.
Monitor the charging current status, and set the charging current according to the monitoring status.
Electric voltage VSIs to change.
【００１０】 即ち、本発明によれば、直列に接続され
た複数のセルからなる電気二重層コンデンサモジュール
に用いられ、セル毎に並列に接続された均等化手段を有
する電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置であって、少なく
とも、電気二重層コンデンサモジュールへ所定の設定充
電電圧ＶSをかける充電手段と、電気二重層コンデンサ
モジュールへ流れる充電電流ＩCを計測する充電電流計
測手段とを備え、充電電流ＩCの変化に基づき、設定充
電電圧ＶSを、均等化手段が許容する最大電圧に調節し
得ることを特徴とする電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置
が提供される。That is, according to the present invention, a charging device for an electric double layer capacitor, which is used for an electric double layer capacitor module including a plurality of cells connected in series and has equalizing means connected in parallel for each cell And at least charging means for applying a predetermined set charging voltage V S to the electric double layer capacitor module, and charging current measuring means for measuring a charging current I C flowing to the electric double layer capacitor module. based on the C change in the setting charging voltage V S, wherein the may be adjusted to the maximum voltage electric double layer capacitor battery charger is provided equalizing means will allow.
【００１１】 又、上述した電気二重層コンデンサ用充
電装置であって、電気二重層コンデンサモジュールの端
子電圧ＶCを計測する充電電圧計測手段を備え、充電電
流ＩCが所定の時間ｔ１経過後に任意の電流Ｉ1だけ低下
しているときには、設定充電電圧ＶSを所定の電圧Ｖ1だ
け上げて定電流充電を行った後に、計測された端子電圧
ＶCに基づき、設定充電電圧ＶSを変更し得る電気二重層
コンデンサ用充電装置が提供される。[0011] The electric double layer capacitor charging device described above further includes a charging voltage measuring means for measuring a terminal voltage V C of the electric double layer capacitor module, and the charging current I C is set to an arbitrary value after a predetermined time t1 has elapsed. when you are reduced by the current I 1, after performing constant current charging by increasing the set charging voltage V S by a predetermined voltage V 1, based on the measured terminal voltage V C, change the setting charging voltage V S A charging device for an electric double layer capacitor is provided.
【００１２】 本発明においては、設定充電電圧ＶSが
適当か否かを判断する状態検出手段と、状態検出手段の
結果を入力して必要な充電電圧を計算し求めた充電電圧
を新たな設定充電電圧ＶSとする定電圧制御手段と、定
電流充電に必要な充電電流を計算し求めた充電電流を設
定充電電流ＩSとする定電流制御手段と、状態検出手段
の結果に基づき、定電圧充電若しくは定電流充電の何れ
かの充電モードを選択する切替手段と、からなる制御手
段を備えることが好ましい。In the present invention, a state detecting means for judging whether the set charging voltage V S is appropriate or not, and a required charging voltage calculated by inputting a result of the state detecting means and calculating a required charging voltage are newly set. The constant voltage control means for setting the charging voltage V S , the constant current control means for calculating the charging current required for constant current charging to set the charging current to the set charging current I S , It is preferable to provide a control unit including a switching unit that selects one of a voltage charging mode and a constant current charging mode.
【００１３】 本発明によれば、直列に接続された複数
のセルからなる電気二重層コンデンサモジュールに用い
られ、セル毎に並列に接続された均等化手段を有する電
気二重層コンデンサの充電方法であって、少なくとも、
電気二重層コンデンサモジュールに所定の設定充電電圧
ＶSをかける第１の過程と、所定の時間ｔ１経過後に電
気二重層コンデンサモジュールに流れる充電電流ＩCが
任意の電流Ｉ1だけ低下していないときに、設定充電電
圧ＶSを、このときの電気二重層コンデンサモジュール
の端子電圧ＶCより所定の電圧ＶHだけ下げた電圧とする
第２の過程とを有し、第１の過程と第２の過程を繰り返
し継続することによって、設定充電電圧ＶSを、均等化
手段が許容する最大電圧に調節し得ることを特徴とする
電気二重層コンデンサの充電方法が提供される。According to the present invention, there is provided a method for charging an electric double layer capacitor which is used in an electric double layer capacitor module including a plurality of cells connected in series and has equalizing means connected in parallel for each cell. And at least,
A first step of applying an electric double layer capacitor module to a predetermined set charging voltage V S, when the charging current I C flowing through the electric double layer capacitor module after a predetermined time t1 has not reduced by any current I 1 A second step of setting the set charging voltage V S to a voltage lower than the terminal voltage V C of the electric double layer capacitor module at this time by a predetermined voltage V H , wherein the first step and the second step By repeating the above process, the set charging voltage V S can be adjusted to the maximum voltage allowed by the equalizing means, thereby providing a method for charging an electric double layer capacitor.
【００１４】 又、本発明によれば、直列に接続された
複数のセルからなる電気二重層コンデンサモジュールに
用いられ、セル毎に並列に接続された均等化手段を有す
る電気二重層コンデンサの充電方法であって、少なくと
も、電気二重層コンデンサモジュールに所定の設定充電
電圧ＶSをかける過程Ａと、所定の時間ｔ１経過後に電
気二重層コンデンサモジュールに流れる充電電流ＩCが
任意の電流Ｉ1だけ低下したときに設定充電電圧ＶSを所
定の電圧Ｖ1だけ上げる過程Ｂと、電気二重層コンデン
サモジュールに所定の設定充電電流ＩSを維持しながら
充電電流を流す過程Ｃと、電気二重層コンデンサモジュ
ールの端子電圧ＶCが上昇しなくなったときに、端子電
圧ＶCが設定充電電圧ＶSより任意の電圧Ｖ2だけ小さい
ときには、設定充電電圧ＶSを端子電圧ＶCより所定の電
圧ＶHだけ下げた電圧とする過程Ｄとを有し、過程Ａ〜
過程Ｄを繰り返し継続することによって、設定充電電圧
ＶSを、均等化手段が許容する最大電圧に調節し得るこ
とを特徴とする電気二重層コンデンサの充電方法が提供
される。According to the present invention, a method of charging an electric double layer capacitor used in an electric double layer capacitor module including a plurality of cells connected in series and having equalizing means connected in parallel for each cell is provided. And at least a process A of applying a predetermined set charging voltage V S to the electric double layer capacitor module, and a charging current I C flowing through the electric double layer capacitor module after a predetermined time t1 has elapsed is reduced by an arbitrary current I 1. A process B in which the set charging voltage V S is increased by a predetermined voltage V 1 when the charging is performed; a process C in which a charging current is supplied to the electric double layer capacitor module while maintaining the predetermined charging current I S ; when the terminal voltage V C of no longer rise, when the terminal voltage V C is any by the voltage V 2 less than the set charging voltage V S is set charging electrostatic And a step D to a voltage lowered the V S from the terminal voltage V C by a predetermined voltage V H, the process A~
A method for charging an electric double layer capacitor is provided, wherein the set charging voltage V S can be adjusted to the maximum voltage allowed by the equalizing means by repeating step D repeatedly.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】 以下、本発明の実施の形態につ
いて、図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。但し、本発
明が以下の実施の形態に限定されるものでないことはい
うまでもない。本発明の電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装
置は、直列に接続された複数のセルからなるモジュール
について用いられ、少なくとも、各セルに並列に接続さ
れる均等化手段と、充電手段、充電電流計測手段、及
び、制御手段を備えた充電装置である。他に、充電電圧
計測手段を備えることが好ましい。又、制御手段は、よ
り詳細には、状態検出手段、定電圧制御手段、定電流制
御手段、及び、切替手段から構成される。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. However, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The electric double layer capacitor charging device of the present invention is used for a module composed of a plurality of cells connected in series, at least equalizing means connected in parallel to each cell, charging means, charging current measuring means, And a charging device provided with control means. In addition, it is preferable to include a charging voltage measuring unit. More specifically, the control means includes a state detection means, a constant voltage control means, a constant current control means, and a switching means.
【００１６】 図１は、本発明の電気二重層コンデンサ
用充電装置における構成の一例を示す説明図であり、例
えば、セルが４個直列に接続されるモジュールに使用す
る電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置の回路図を示してい
る。ここで、電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置として充
電装置１を、均等化手段として均等化回路５を、充電電
圧計測手段として充電電圧計測回路８を、充電電流計測
手段として充電電流計測回路７を、制御手段として制御
回路４を、充電手段として充電回路２を用いて説明する
こととする。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of the electric double layer capacitor charging device of the present invention. For example, the electric double layer capacitor charging device used in a module in which four cells are connected in series FIG. Here, the charging device 1 as the charging device for the electric double layer capacitor, the equalizing circuit 5 as the equalizing device, the charging voltage measuring circuit 8 as the charging voltage measuring device, the charging current measuring circuit 7 as the charging current measuring device, The control circuit 4 will be described as control means, and the charging circuit 2 will be described as charging means.
【００１７】 本発明に係る充電装置１は、複数のセル
６を直列に接続してなるモジュール３に用いられる。充
電装置１の主な構成要素は、充電回路２、充電電圧計測
回路８、充電電流計測回路７、制御回路４、及び、１個
のセル６に１回路が並列に接続された均等化回路５であ
る。尚、当然に、セル６の直列接続数は図１に示される
４個に限定されるものではない。The charging device 1 according to the present invention is used for a module 3 having a plurality of cells 6 connected in series. The main components of the charging device 1 are a charging circuit 2, a charging voltage measuring circuit 8, a charging current measuring circuit 7, a control circuit 4, and an equalizing circuit 5 in which one circuit is connected to one cell 6 in parallel. It is. Note that, naturally, the number of cells 6 connected in series is not limited to four as shown in FIG.
【００１８】 複数のセル６からなるモジュール３につ
いて、充電を継続して行うと、個々のセル６の静電容量
や漏れ抵抗等の電気的特性のバラツキに起因して、セル
６間での電圧バランスが崩れる。充電されやすい領域に
は速やかに充電されるが充電され難い領域にはなかなか
充電されない。一度セル６として満充電に達しても充電
を終えるとセル６内部で自己放電が起きて電圧が徐々に
低下してしまう。When the charging is continuously performed on the module 3 including the plurality of cells 6, the voltage between the cells 6 is varied due to the variation in the electric characteristics such as the capacitance and the leakage resistance of each cell 6. Imbalance. The area that is easily charged is quickly charged, but the area that is difficult to be charged is not easily charged. Once charging is completed even when the cell 6 reaches full charge, self-discharge occurs inside the cell 6 and the voltage gradually decreases.
【００１９】 その対策として、充電するときに各セル
６の端子電圧が設定値以上に上昇しないように各セル６
を充電電流がバイパスして各セル６の端子電圧を一定に
保つ、均等化回路５が用いられる。モジュール３内の全
てのセル６を設定された電圧まで充電でき、セル６の蓄
電能力を１００％発揮させることが出来る。As a countermeasure, each cell 6 is charged so that the terminal voltage of each cell 6 does not rise above a set value during charging.
Is used to keep the terminal voltage of each cell 6 constant by bypassing the charging current. All the cells 6 in the module 3 can be charged up to the set voltage, and the power storage capacity of the cells 6 can be exhibited 100%.
【００２０】 本出願人は、均等化回路を備えた充電装
置において、特願２０００−８１１８１の出願により、
電気二重層コンデンサモジュールの各セルが１つでも満
充電になったら、充電回路の設定充電電流を絞り、絞っ
た電流で充電して再び各セルが１つでも満充電になった
ら、更に電流を絞ることを繰り返して、充電電流を均等
化回路が負担できる電流値まで落とすことによって、セ
ルに過電圧をかけることなく短時間で満充電可能な充電
方法を提案した。The present applicant has applied for a charging device provided with an equalizing circuit by applying for a patent application No. 2000-81181.
When at least one cell of the electric double layer capacitor module is fully charged, reduce the set charging current of the charging circuit, charge with the reduced current, and again when each cell is fully charged again, increase the current. By repeatedly squeezing and reducing the charging current to a current value that the equalizing circuit can bear, a charging method that allows a full charge in a short time without applying an overvoltage to the cell is proposed.
【００２１】 上述した充電方法は、例えば、図４に示
すような電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置によって実現
される。各セル６毎に均等化回路５がセル毎に並列に接
続されていて、各セル６の電圧が満充電の値に達する
と、電流はセル６をバイパスするとともに各均等化回路
５からＯＲ回路５３へ満充電検出信号が送られる。満充
電検出信号はＯＮ−ＯＦＦ信号であり、ＯＲ回路５３は
全ての均等化回路５から満充電検出信号を受け取り論理
和を取る。論理和の結果において１が立てば、セル６の
うち１つ以上が満充電に達したことが示される。ＯＲ回
路５３の演算結果は出力として充電制御回路５４に送ら
れ、ＯＲ回路５３の出力が１ならば充電制御回路５４
は、その時点の電流値より減少させた電流値を決定し充
電回路２へ出力する。充電回路２は入力した電流値を設
定充電電流としてセル６へ充電電流を供給し定電流充電
を行う。絞られた充電電流によって各セル６の端子電圧
は低下するので一定時間はその電流で充電されるが、や
がて何れか１つのセル６は満充電に達し、再度、設定充
電電流が絞られる。これらの動作は自動で連続的に行わ
れ、充電電流が均等化回路５の許容電流値以下になるま
で続けられる。The charging method described above is realized by, for example, a charging device for an electric double layer capacitor as shown in FIG. An equalizing circuit 5 is connected in parallel for each cell 6, and when the voltage of each cell 6 reaches a fully charged value, a current bypasses the cell 6 and an OR circuit is provided from each equalizing circuit 5. A full charge detection signal is sent to 53. The full charge detection signal is an ON-OFF signal, and the OR circuit 53 receives the full charge detection signals from all the equalizing circuits 5 and performs a logical sum. If a 1 is set in the result of the OR operation, it indicates that one or more of the cells 6 have reached a full charge. The operation result of the OR circuit 53 is sent as an output to the charge control circuit 54. If the output of the OR circuit 53 is 1, the charge control circuit 54
Determines a current value reduced from the current value at that time, and outputs it to the charging circuit 2. The charging circuit 2 supplies a charging current to the cell 6 using the input current value as a set charging current to perform constant current charging. Since the terminal voltage of each cell 6 is reduced by the reduced charging current, the cell 6 is charged with the current for a certain period of time. However, one of the cells 6 reaches full charge soon, and the set charging current is reduced again. These operations are automatically and continuously performed until the charging current becomes equal to or less than the allowable current value of the equalizing circuit 5.
【００２２】 図２は、この充電動作を実施したとき
の、端子電圧ＶCと充電電流ＩCの関係を示す説明図であ
り、図中の折線は、端子電圧ＶCが満充電に達してから
設定充電電流を約１／２に絞った場合の、端子電圧ＶC
と充電電流ＩCの挙動例である。充電時間ｔ１１経過で
１度満充電に達し設定充電電流を絞り、その後、充電時
間ｔ１２、ｔ１３で満充電になり、ｔ１４ではほぼ充電
を完了している。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the terminal voltage V C and the charging current I C when this charging operation is performed. The broken line in the drawing indicates that the terminal voltage V C has reached full charge. Terminal voltage V C when the set charging current is reduced to about 1/2
That the behavior example of the charging current I C. Once the charging time t11 has elapsed, the battery has reached full charge once and the set charging current is reduced. Thereafter, the battery is fully charged at charging times t12 and t13, and the charging is almost completed at t14.
【００２３】 ところが、この充電方法においても、充
電電流ＩCを均等化回路が負担できる電流値まで落とし
た後は、充電回路に設定された充電電圧が低すぎる場合
には、図２中の充電電流１４に示すように、充電電流が
徐々に減少し流れなくなり、全てのセルにおいて均等化
回路で規定される満充電電圧に対し完全には満充電に至
らない場合が生じる。又、充電回路に設定された充電電
圧が高すぎる場合には、一定時間が経過しても、図２中
の充電電流１３に示すように、充電電流の減少が起き
ず、充電電流はセルをバイパスして均等化回路を通り、
充電電力は発熱等で無駄に消費される。However, also in this charging method, after the charging current I C is reduced to a current value that the equalizing circuit can bear, if the charging voltage set in the charging circuit is too low, the charging in FIG. As indicated by the current 14, the charging current gradually decreases and stops flowing, and in some cases, full charging may not be completely achieved with respect to the full charging voltage specified by the equalizing circuit in all cells. Also, if the charging voltage set in the charging circuit is too high, the charging current does not decrease even after a certain period of time, as shown by the charging current 13 in FIG. Bypass and go through the equalization circuit,
The charging power is wasted due to heat generation or the like.
【００２４】 そこで、本発明においては、例えば図１
の装置構成による、次の方法を提案する。モジュールに
流れる充電電流ＩCを均等化回路５が負担可能な電流に
なるように充電回路の設定充電電流ＩSを絞った後で、
所定の設定充電電圧ＶSによる定電圧充電に切り換えて
一定時間充電する。所定時間の後に、モジュール３へ実
際に流れる充電電流ＩCを測定する。充電電流ＩCは、モ
ジュール３に充電電流を流す充電回路の出力電圧、即
ち、設定充電電圧ＶSが、各セル６の均等化回路５のク
ランプ設定電圧の合計より低ければセル６の蓄電に伴い
減少していく。従って、充電電流ＩCが任意の一定電流
以下に減少していなければ、設定充電電圧ＶSが高すぎ
ると判定し、これを所定の電圧だけ下げて定電圧充電を
行う。又、一定時間後に充電電流ＩCが一定電流以下に
減少していた場合でも、設定充電電圧ＶSが適正ではな
く低すぎる場合もあり得るので、これを一旦上げて充電
（定電流充電）を続け、落ち着いた時点でモジュール３
に実際にかかる端子電圧ＶCを測定する。端子電圧Ｖ
Cが、上げた設定充電電圧ＶSと一定範囲内に収まる電圧
であれば、このときの設定充電電圧ＶSが最適な充電電
圧であると判定し、その後所定時間の間、この設定充電
電圧ＶSを維持して定電圧充電を行う。落ち着いた時点
での端子電圧ＶCが、上げた設定充電電圧ＶSより一定範
囲以上に低い場合には、設定充電電圧ＶSを上げすぎた
と判定し、所定の電圧だけ下げて定電圧充電を行う。こ
れを繰り返して、セルの設定充電電圧ＶSを常に適正な
電圧に調節する。Therefore, in the present invention, for example, FIG.
The following method is proposed according to the device configuration of (1). After reducing the set charging current I S of the charging circuit so that the charging current I C flowing through the module becomes a current that the equalizing circuit 5 can bear,
Switching to constant voltage charging with a predetermined set charging voltage V S is performed and charging is performed for a fixed time. After a predetermined time, measuring the charging current I C that actually flows to the module 3. The charging current I C is used to charge the cell 6 if the output voltage of the charging circuit that supplies the charging current to the module 3, that is, the set charging voltage V S is lower than the sum of the clamp setting voltages of the equalizing circuits 5 of the cells 6. It decreases along with it. Thus, if the charging current I C has not reduced below the arbitrary constant current, determines that the set charging voltage V S is too high, the constant voltage charging is lowered it by a predetermined voltage. Also, even if the charging current I C has decreased to a certain value or less after a certain period of time, the set charging voltage V S may not be appropriate and may be too low. Continue, when you settle down, Module 3
Actually measuring the terminal voltage V C applied to the. Terminal voltage V
If C is within a certain range from the raised set charging voltage V S , it is determined that the set charging voltage V S at this time is an optimum charging voltage, and thereafter, the set charging voltage V S is maintained for a predetermined time. Constant voltage charging is performed while maintaining V S. When the terminal voltage V C at the time of calm is lower than the raised set charging voltage V S by a certain range or more, it is determined that the set charging voltage V S has been excessively increased, and the constant voltage charging is performed by lowering by a predetermined voltage. Do. By repeating this, the set charging voltage V S of the cell is always adjusted to an appropriate voltage.
【００２５】 本発明の電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装
置及び充電方法においては、充電中に、モジュール３に
流れる充電電流ＩCを監視して、充電電流ＩCの変化に応
じて設定充電電圧ＶSを変更し、適正な充電電圧を供給
し得ることに特徴がある。従来は、充電前に、想定され
るセル６の最大電圧設定値、即ち、均等化回路５がセル
６から充電電流ＩCをバイパスさせ始める想定電圧値
と、セル６の直列接続数により、充電回路２の設定充電
電圧ＶSを決めて充電していて、この設定充電電圧ＶSは
充電中に固定されていた。従って、セル６の最大電圧設
定値のバラツキによって、設定充電電圧ＶSが高すぎて
充電電力が無駄になったり、設定充電電圧ＶSが低すぎ
て充電不足になることが起こり得た。しかし、本発明に
よって、このようなことが防止され、無駄なく、より速
く、モジュール３内の全てのセル６を満充電にすること
が可能となる。In the charging device and the charging method for an electric double layer capacitor according to the present invention, the charging current I C flowing through the module 3 is monitored during charging, and the set charging voltage V S is changed according to the change in the charging current I C. Is changed, and an appropriate charging voltage can be supplied. Conventionally, before charging, charging is performed based on an assumed maximum voltage set value of the cell 6, that is, an assumed voltage value at which the equalizing circuit 5 starts to bypass the charging current I C from the cell 6 and the number of cells 6 connected in series. If you are charged decide set charging voltage V S of the circuit 2, the setting charging voltage V S was fixed during charging. Thus, the variation of the maximum voltage setting value of the cell 6, or wasted charging power is too high set charge voltage V S, have occurred that set the charge voltage V S becomes insufficient charge too low. However, according to the present invention, such a situation is prevented, and all the cells 6 in the module 3 can be fully charged quickly without waste.
【００２６】 以下に、図１を用いて装置構成の一例
を、より具体的に説明する。充電回路２は、定電流源及
び定電圧源を備え、後述する制御回路４から入力された
情報に基づき、所定の設定充電電圧ＶS若しくは所定の
設定充電電流ＩSを維持してモジュール３へ充電電力を
供給する。上述した設定充電電圧ＶSを上げる場面を除
いて通常は、充電電流ＩCが均等化回路５の許容電流値
以上のときは定電流充電、充電電流ＩCが均等化回路５
の許容電流値以下となってからは定電圧充電を行う。Hereinafter, an example of the device configuration will be described more specifically with reference to FIG. The charging circuit 2 comprises a constant current source and the constant voltage source, based on the information input from the control circuit 4 to be described later, the module 3 while maintaining a predetermined setting charging voltage V S or a predetermined setting charge current I S Supply charging power. Usually except scene to increase the set charging voltage V S as described above, the charging current I C is when exceeding the allowable current value of the equalization circuit 5 constant-current charging, the charging current I C is equalized circuit 5
After that, the constant voltage charging is performed.
【００２７】 モジュール３は複数のセルからなり、各
セル６毎に均等化回路５が並列に接続されている。均等
化回路５は、各セル６の端子電圧が満充電の値に達する
と、充電電流ＩCをセル６からバイパスさせる。充電電
流計測回路７は充電回路２とモジュール３に間に備わ
り、モジュール３に流れる充電電流ＩCを測定し、制御
回路４へ出力する。充電電圧計測回路８はモジュール３
と並列に備わりモジュール３の端子電圧ＶCを測定し、
制御回路４へ出力する。The module 3 is composed of a plurality of cells, and an equalizing circuit 5 is connected to each cell 6 in parallel. When the terminal voltage of each cell 6 reaches a fully charged value, the equalizing circuit 5 causes the charging current I C to bypass the cell 6. The charging current measurement circuit 7 is provided between the charging circuit 2 and the module 3, measures a charging current I C flowing through the module 3, and outputs it to the control circuit 4. The charging voltage measuring circuit 8 is a module 3
The terminal voltage V C of module 3 is measured in parallel with
Output to the control circuit 4.
【００２８】 制御回路４は、充電電流計測回路７から
モジュール３に流れる充電電流ＩCを、充電電圧計測回
路８からモジュール３の端子電圧ＶCを入力して、モジ
ュール３の充電状態を判断し、その充電状態に応じて、
充電モードを定電流充電若しくは定電圧充電より選択す
るとともに、必要な設定充電電圧ＶSあるいは設定充電
電流ＩSを計算し、充電回路２へ情報を伝達する。The control circuit 4 inputs the charging current I C flowing from the charging current measuring circuit 7 to the module 3 and the terminal voltage V C of the module 3 from the charging voltage measuring circuit 8 to determine the charging state of the module 3. , Depending on its state of charge,
The charging mode is selected from constant current charging or constant voltage charging, and a required set charging voltage V S or set charging current Is is calculated, and information is transmitted to the charging circuit 2.
【００２９】 更に、例えば、制御回路４は、状態検出
回路４４、定電圧制御回路４１、定電流制御回路４２、
及び、切替回路４３により構成してもよい。状態検出回
路４４は、主に、定電圧充電時に充電電流計測回路７か
らモジュール３に流れる充電電流ＩCを入力してその変
化具合を判断したり、定電流充電時に充電電圧計測回路
８からモジュール３の端子電圧ＶCを入力してその変化
具合を判断し、その結果を切替回路４３へ、又、その結
果とともに、充電電流ＩCの値を定電流制御回路４２
へ、及び、端子電圧ＶCの値を定電圧制御回路４１へ出
力する。Further, for example, the control circuit 4 includes a state detection circuit 44, a constant voltage control circuit 41, a constant current control circuit 42,
Alternatively, the switching circuit 43 may be used. The state detection circuit 44 mainly inputs the charging current I C flowing to the module 3 from the charging current measurement circuit 7 at the time of constant voltage charging and determines the degree of the change, or determines the state of the module from the charging voltage measurement circuit 8 at the time of constant current charging. The terminal voltage V C is input to determine the degree of change, and the result is sent to the switching circuit 43, and the value of the charging current I C together with the result is sent to the constant current control circuit 42.
And the value of the terminal voltage V C is output to the constant voltage control circuit 41.
【００３０】 定電圧制御回路４１及び定電流制御回路
４２は、状態検出回路４４の判断結果、即ち、モジュー
ル３の充電状態判断結果を受け、そのときの充電回路２
の設定充電電圧ＶSあるいは設定充電電流ＩSと、入力さ
れた充電電流ＩCあるいは端子電圧ＶCとによって、必要
ならば、予め任意に設定された所定の大きさを加算ある
いは減算した値の電流あるいは電圧を求め、これを新た
な設定充電電圧ＶSあるいは設定充電電流ＩSとして、切
替回路４３に伝達する。The constant voltage control circuit 41 and the constant current control circuit 42 receive the judgment result of the state detection circuit 44, that is, the judgment result of the state of charge of the module 3, and
Of the value obtained by adding or subtracting a predetermined magnitude arbitrarily set in advance according to the set charging voltage V S or the set charging current I S and the input charging current I C or the terminal voltage V C , if necessary. A current or voltage is obtained, and this is transmitted to the switching circuit 43 as a new set charging voltage V S or new charging current I S.
【００３１】 切替回路４３は、状態検出回路４４から
伝達されるモジュール３の充電状態判断結果によって充
電モードを決定するとともに、必要な設定充電電圧ＶS
あるいは設定充電電流ＩSを充電回路２に出力する。The switching circuit 43 determines the charging mode based on the determination result of the charging state of the module 3 transmitted from the state detecting circuit 44, and sets the required set charging voltage V S
Alternatively, it outputs the set charging current Is to the charging circuit 2.
【００３２】 尚、制御回路４は、上述した構成のハー
ドウエアによりなる回路としてもよいが、信号出力ボー
ドを備えたＣＰＵとメモリー等により実行、記憶される
コンピュータープログラム、即ち、ソフトウエアによっ
て実現されてもよく、又、ソフトウエア、ハードウエア
の混合で成りたっていても構わない。The control circuit 4 may be a circuit composed of hardware having the above-described configuration, but is realized by a computer program executed and stored by a CPU having a signal output board, a memory, and the like, that is, realized by software. Or a mixture of software and hardware.
【００３３】 次に、本発明の電気二重層コンデンサ用
充電装置を用いた充電方法の動作の一例を、図３に示す
フローチャートを参照して説明する。ここで、モジュー
ル３の充電状況は、図２に示す満充電に達してから充電
電流を絞る動作において、充電時間ｔ１４以降、即ち、
充電電流ＩCが均等化回路５の許容する電流まで下がっ
た後の場面である。Next, an example of the operation of the charging method using the electric double layer capacitor charging device of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. Here, the charging state of the module 3 is determined in the operation of reducing the charging current after reaching the full charge shown in FIG.
This is a scene after the charging current I C has decreased to the current allowed by the equalizing circuit 5.
【００３４】 先ず、充電電流ＩCが均等化回路５の許
容する電流より大きいときの定電流充電（図２参照）か
ら、定電圧充電に充電モードを変更する。充電動作は、
主に、設定充電電圧ＶSを少しずつ下げて適正電圧に調
節する定電圧充電動作３１と、反対に、設定充電電圧Ｖ
Sを少しずつ上げて適正電圧に調節する定電流充電動作
３２と、適正電圧下で充電継続する定電圧充電動作３３
とからなる。First, the charging mode is changed from constant-current charging when the charging current I C is larger than the current permitted by the equalizing circuit 5 (see FIG. 2) to constant-voltage charging. The charging operation is
Mainly, the constant voltage charging operation 31 to adjust to the proper voltage by lowering the set charging voltage V S gradually Conversely, setting the charging voltage V
A constant current charging operation 32 in which S is gradually increased and adjusted to an appropriate voltage, and a constant voltage charging operation 33 in which charging is continued at an appropriate voltage.
Consists of
【００３５】 定電圧充電動作３１の詳細を以下に記
す。モジュールに流れる充電電流ＩCを測定し、これを
充電電流ＩC1とする。そして、例えば、セル６の特性バ
ラツキによる満充電完了推定時間の差等により、予め設
定した任意の一定時間ｔ１の間、所定の設定充電電圧Ｖ
Sによる定電圧充電モードで充電を継続する。ｔ１経過
の後に、モジュール３へ実際に流れる充電電流ＩCを測
定し、これを充電電流ＩC2としたときに、充電電流ＩC2
が、充電電流ＩC1より予め設定した任意の一定電流Ｉ1
だけ減少していなければ、設定充電電圧ＶSが高すぎる
と判定し、このときのモジュール３の端子電圧ＶCよ
り、例えば、充電電圧計測回路８の有するヒステリシス
分の電圧等により、予め設定した任意の一定電圧ＶHだ
け下げた電圧を設定充電電圧ＶSとし、定電圧充電モー
ドで充電を継続する。The details of the constant voltage charging operation 31 will be described below. The charging current I C flowing through the module is measured, and this is set as the charging current I C1 . Then, for example, a predetermined set charging voltage V for an arbitrary predetermined time t1 due to a difference in the estimated time of full charge completion due to variations in the characteristics of the cell 6 or the like.
Continue charging in constant voltage charging mode with S. After the lapse of t1, the charging current I C actually flowing to the module 3 is measured, and when this is set as the charging current I C2 , the charging current I C2
Is an arbitrary constant current I 1 set in advance from the charging current I C1.
If it has not decreased, it is determined that the set charging voltage V S is too high, and the predetermined charging voltage V S is set in advance from the terminal voltage V C of the module 3 at this time by, for example, a voltage corresponding to the hysteresis of the charging voltage measurement circuit 8. the voltage was lowered by an arbitrary constant voltage V H as set charging voltage V S, to continue charging at a constant voltage charging mode.
【００３６】 定電流充電動作３２の詳細を以下に記
す。上述した定電圧充電動作３１において、充電電流Ｉ
C2が、充電電流ＩC1より予め設定した任意の一定電流Ｉ
1だけ減少したときに定電流充電動作３２を行う。設定
充電電圧ＶSを、予め設定した任意の一定電圧Ｖ1だけ上
げて定電流充電モードで充電を継続し、端子電圧ＶCが
落ち着いた時点で、そのときの端子電圧ＶCが、上げた
設定充電電圧ＶSより、予め設定した任意の一定電圧Ｖ2
だけ減少していれば、このときのモジュール３の端子電
圧ＶCより、予め設定した任意の一定電圧ＶHだけ下げた
電圧を設定充電電圧ＶSとし、定電圧充電モードで充電
を継続する。The details of the constant current charging operation 32 will be described below. In the constant voltage charging operation 31 described above, the charging current I
C2 is an arbitrary constant current I set in advance from the charging current I C1.
When the value decreases by 1 , the constant current charging operation 32 is performed. Setting charging voltage V S, continue charging at preset arbitrary constant voltages V 1 only raise the constant current charging mode, at the time of calm terminal voltage V C, the terminal voltage V C at that time, raised An arbitrary constant voltage V 2 set in advance from the set charging voltage V S
If the voltage has decreased by only this value, a voltage lower than the terminal voltage V C of the module 3 by an arbitrary predetermined voltage V H is set as the set charging voltage V S, and charging is continued in the constant voltage charging mode.
【００３７】 定電圧充電動作３１の詳細を以下に記
す。上述した定電流充電動作３２において、端子電圧Ｖ
Cが、上げた設定充電電圧ＶSから、予め設定した任意の
一定電圧Ｖ2だけ低い電圧より高いときに、換言すれ
ば、設定充電電圧ＶSが端子電圧ＶCと一定範囲内に収ま
ったときには、予め設定した任意の一定時間ｔ２の間、
定電圧充電を行い、次いで、ｔ２経過後の充電電流IC3
を計測し、定電圧充電動作３１で計測した充電電流IC1
より任意の一定電流I1だけ減少していなければ、このと
きのモジュール３の端子電圧ＶCより、予め設定した任
意の一定電圧ＶHだけ下げた電圧を設定充電電圧ＶSと
し、定電圧充電モードで充電を継続する。それ以外は、
定電流充電動作３２にもどり、設定充電電圧ＶSを任意
の一定電圧Ｖ1だけ上げて定電流充電モードで充電を行
う。The details of the constant voltage charging operation 31 will be described below. In the constant current charging operation 32 described above, the terminal voltage V
C is the set charging voltage V S raised, when higher than the arbitrary constant voltage V 2 voltage lower than a preset, in other words, setting the charging voltage V S is settled within a predetermined range as the terminal voltage V C Sometimes, during an arbitrary predetermined time t2,
Constant voltage charge was performed, then the charging current I C3 of after t2
And the charging current I C1 measured in the constant voltage charging operation 31
If the voltage has not decreased by an arbitrary constant current I 1, a voltage lower than the terminal voltage V C of the module 3 by an arbitrary constant voltage V H set in advance at this time is set as the set charging voltage V S , and the constant voltage charging is performed. Continue charging in mode. Other than that,
Returning to the constant current charging operation 32, the charging is performed in the constant current charging mode by increasing the set charging voltage V S by an arbitrary constant voltage V 1 .
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】 上述の通り、本発明の電気二重層コン
デンサ用充電装置及び充電方法によれば、充電電圧が大
きすぎて、セルにかかる電圧が耐電圧以上に上昇してセ
ルが劣化したり無駄な充電電力が生じたりすることがな
く、又、充電電圧が小さくてセルに最大エネルギーの蓄
電が出来ないといったことも防げる。モジュールを構成
するセルの最大設定電圧にバラツキがあっても、充電し
ながら最適な充電電圧を設定することが出来、安全に、
より速く、モジュール内の全てのセルを満充電に導くこ
とが可能となるといった優れた効果を奏する。As described above, according to the electric double layer capacitor charging device and the charging method of the present invention, the charging voltage is too high, the voltage applied to the cell rises above the withstand voltage, and the cell deteriorates. Useless charging power is not generated, and it is also possible to prevent the charging voltage from being too small to store the maximum energy in the cell. Even if the maximum setting voltage of the cells that make up the module varies, it is possible to set the optimal charging voltage while charging,
An excellent effect is obtained that all cells in the module can be fully charged faster.
【図１】 本発明の電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置に
おける装置構成の一例を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a device configuration in a charging device for an electric double layer capacitor of the present invention.
【図２】 電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置に用いられ
る均等化手段において満充電に達してから充電電流を絞
る動作を実施したときの端子電圧と充電電流の関係を示
す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a terminal voltage and a charging current when an operation of reducing the charging current after reaching a full charge in an equalizing means used in the electric double layer capacitor charging device.
【図３】 本発明の電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置を
用いた充電方法の一例を表すフローチャートである。FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a charging method using the charging device for an electric double layer capacitor of the present invention.
【図４】 従来の電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置にお
ける装置構成の一例を示す説明図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a device configuration in a conventional charging device for an electric double layer capacitor.
１…充電装置、２…充電回路、３…モジュール（電気二
重層コンデンサ）、４…制御回路、５…均等化回路、６
…セル（電気二重層コンデンサ）、７…充電電流計測回
路、８…充電電圧計測回路、１３，１４…充電電流、３
１，３３…定電圧充電動作、３２…定電流充電動作、４
１…定電圧制御回路、４２…定電流制御回路、４３…切
替回路、４４…状態検出回路、５３…ＯＲ回路、５４…
充電制御回路。REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 charging device 2 charging circuit 3 module (electric double layer capacitor) 4 control circuit 5 equalizing circuit 6
... cell (electric double layer capacitor), 7 ... charge current measurement circuit, 8 ... charge voltage measurement circuit, 13, 14 ... charge current, 3
1, 33: constant voltage charging operation, 32: constant current charging operation, 4
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Constant voltage control circuit, 42 ... Constant current control circuit, 43 ... Switching circuit, 44 ... State detection circuit, 53 ... OR circuit, 54 ...
Charge control circuit.
Claims (5)
気二重層コンデンサモジュールに用いられ、前記セル毎
に並列に接続された均等化手段を有する電気二重層コン
デンサ用充電装置であって、少なくとも、 前記電気二重層コンデンサモジュールへ所定の設定充電
電圧ＶSをかける充電手段と、前記電気二重層コンデン
サモジュールへ流れる充電電流ＩCを計測する充電電流
計測手段とを備え、 前記充電電流ＩCの変化に基づき、前記設定充電電圧ＶS
を、前記均等化手段が許容する最大電圧に調節し得るこ
とを特徴とする電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置。1. An electric double layer capacitor charging device for use in an electric double layer capacitor module comprising a plurality of cells connected in series and having an equalizing means connected in parallel for each of the cells, comprising: , comprising a charging means for applying a predetermined set charging voltage V S to the electric double layer capacitor module, and a charging current measuring means for measuring the charging current I C flowing into the electric double layer capacitor module, the charging current I C Based on the change, the set charging voltage V S
Can be adjusted to the maximum voltage allowed by the equalizing means.
用充電装置であって、 前記電気二重層コンデンサモジュールの端子電圧ＶCを
計測する充電電圧計測手段を備え、 前記充電電流ＩCが所定の時間ｔ１経過後に任意の電流
Ｉ1だけ低下しているときには、前記設定充電電圧ＶSを
任意の電圧Ｖ1だけ上げて定電流充電を行った後に、計
測された前記端子電圧ＶCに基づき、前記設定充電電圧
ＶSを変更し得る電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置。2. The electric double layer capacitor charging device according to claim 1, further comprising: a charging voltage measuring unit that measures a terminal voltage V C of the electric double layer capacitor module, wherein the charging current I C is a predetermined value. when after a time t1 elapses is reduced by any current I 1 is increased the setting charging voltage V S by an arbitrary voltages V 1 after the constant current charging, based on the measured the terminal voltage V C , the charging device for an electric double layer capacitor capable of changing the setting charging voltage V S.
断する状態検出手段と、 前記状態検出手段の結果を入力して必要な充電電圧を計
算し求めた充電電圧を設定充電電圧ＶSとする定電圧制
御手段と、前記定電流充電に必要な充電電流を計算し求
めた充電電流を設定充電電流ＩSとする定電流制御手段
と、 前記状態検出手段の結果に基づき、定電圧充電若しくは
定電流充電の何れかの充電モードを選択する切替手段
と、からなる制御手段を備える請求項１又は２に記載の
電気二重層コンデンサ用充電装置。3. A state detecting means for judging whether the set charging voltage V S is appropriate, and a charging voltage calculated by calculating a required charging voltage by inputting a result of the state detecting means. and constant voltage control means to S, the constant current control means to set the charging current I S of the charging current was determined calculated charging current required to the constant current charging, based on the results of the status detection module, a constant voltage 3. The electric double-layer capacitor charging device according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit including: a switching unit that selects one of a charging mode of charging and a constant current charging. 4.
気二重層コンデンサモジュールに用いられ、前記セル毎
に並列に接続された均等化手段を有する電気二重層コン
デンサの充電方法であって、少なくとも、 前記電気二重層コンデンサモジュールへ所定の設定充電
電圧ＶSをかける第１の過程と、 所定の時間ｔ１経過後に前記電気二重層コンデンサモジ
ュールに流れる充電電流ＩCが、任意の電流Ｉ1だけ低下
していないときに、前記設定充電電圧ＶSを、このとき
の前記電気二重層コンデンサモジュールの端子電圧ＶC
より所定の電圧ＶHだけ下げた電圧とする第２の過程と
を有し、 前記第１の過程と前記第２の過程を繰り返し継続するこ
とによって、前記設定充電電圧ＶSを、前記均等化手段
が許容する最大電圧に調節し得ることを特徴とする電気
二重層コンデンサの充電方法。4. A method of charging an electric double layer capacitor used in an electric double layer capacitor module comprising a plurality of cells connected in series and having equalizing means connected in parallel for each of the cells, comprising: a first step of applying a predetermined set charging voltage V S to the electric double layer capacitor module, the charging current I C flowing through the electric double layer capacitor module after a predetermined time t1 is reduced by any current I 1 When not, the set charging voltage V S is changed to the terminal voltage V C of the electric double layer capacitor module at this time.
A second step of setting the voltage lower by a predetermined voltage V H, and by repeating the first step and the second step repeatedly, the set charging voltage V S is equalized by the equalization. A method for charging an electric double layer capacitor, characterized in that it can be adjusted to the maximum voltage allowed by the means.
気二重層コンデンサモジュールに用いられ、前記セル毎
に並列に接続された均等化手段を有する電気二重層コン
デンサの充電方法であって、少なくとも、 前記電気二重層コンデンサモジュールへ所定の設定充電
電圧ＶSをかける過程Ａと、 所定の時間ｔ１経過後に前記電気二重層コンデンサモジ
ュールに流れる充電電流ＩCが、任意の電流Ｉ1だけ低下
したときに、前記設定充電電圧ＶSを所定の電圧Ｖ1だけ
上げる過程Ｂと、 前記電気二重層コンデンサモジュールに所定の設定充電
電流ＩSを流す過程Ｃと、 前記電気二重層コンデンサモジュールの端子電圧ＶCが
上昇しなくなったときに、前記端子電圧ＶCが前記設定
充電電圧ＶSより任意の電圧Ｖ2だけ小さいときには、前
記設定充電電圧ＶSを前記端子電圧ＶCより所定の電圧Ｖ
Hだけ下げた電圧とする過程Ｄとを有し、 前記過程Ａ〜過程Ｄを繰り返し継続することによって、
前記設定充電電圧ＶSを、前記均等化手段が許容する最
大電圧に調節し得ることを特徴とする電気二重層コンデ
ンサの充電方法。5. A method for charging an electric double layer capacitor used in an electric double layer capacitor module comprising a plurality of cells connected in series and having equalizing means connected in parallel for each of the cells, comprising: a step a of applying a predetermined set charging voltage V S to the electric double layer capacitor module, when the charging current I C flowing through the electric double layer capacitor module after a predetermined time t1 falls off by arbitrary current I 1 A step B of raising the set charging voltage V S by a predetermined voltage V 1 , a step C of flowing a predetermined set charging current I S to the electric double layer capacitor module, and a terminal voltage V of the electric double layer capacitor module. When the terminal voltage V C is smaller than the set charging voltage V S by an arbitrary voltage V 2 when C stops rising, the set charging voltage A predetermined voltage V from the voltage V S the terminal voltage V C
A step D of reducing the voltage by H, and by repeating the steps A to D repeatedly,
Charging method of an electric double layer capacitor, characterized in that the set charging voltage V S, may be adjusted to the maximum voltage which the equalizing means is permitted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000360877A JP2002171682A (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Charger and charging method for electric double-layer capacitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000360877A JP2002171682A (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Charger and charging method for electric double-layer capacitor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002171682A true JP2002171682A (en) | 2002-06-14 |
Family
ID=18832401
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000360877A Withdrawn JP2002171682A (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2000-11-28 | Charger and charging method for electric double-layer capacitor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002171682A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005253289A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-09-15 | Nippon Chemicon Corp | Charging circuit and method of capacitor, charging controller, control program, capacitor device, fixing device and image forming apparatus |
| JP2007129072A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-24 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | Self-discharge measurement system of electric double layer capacitor |
| JP2009148125A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-07-02 | Panasonic Corp | Storage apparatus |
| JP2013094045A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-05-16 | O2 Micro Inc | System and method for charging battery |
| CN103502828A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2014-01-08 | 英特尔公司 | Method and apparatus for measuring charging current |
| KR20180051732A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-17 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | A Hybrid Method with Serial and Parallel Charging Technologies for Balanced Charging of EV Batteries |
| WO2023128128A1 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-06 | 소무나 주식회사 | Method and device for controlling battery for performing parallel charging of electric vehicle battery on basis of battery control system |
-
2000
- 2000-11-28 JP JP2000360877A patent/JP2002171682A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005253289A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-09-15 | Nippon Chemicon Corp | Charging circuit and method of capacitor, charging controller, control program, capacitor device, fixing device and image forming apparatus |
| JP2007129072A (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-24 | Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd | Self-discharge measurement system of electric double layer capacitor |
| JP4628253B2 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2011-02-09 | Ｕｄトラックス株式会社 | Self-discharge measurement system for electric double layer capacitors |
| JP2009148125A (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2009-07-02 | Panasonic Corp | Storage apparatus |
| CN103502828A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2014-01-08 | 英特尔公司 | Method and apparatus for measuring charging current |
| JP2013094045A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-05-16 | O2 Micro Inc | System and method for charging battery |
| KR20180051732A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-17 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | A Hybrid Method with Serial and Parallel Charging Technologies for Balanced Charging of EV Batteries |
| KR102429438B1 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2022-08-04 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | A Hybrid Method with Serial and Parallel Charging Apparatus for Balanced Charging of EV Batteries |
| WO2023128128A1 (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-06 | 소무나 주식회사 | Method and device for controlling battery for performing parallel charging of electric vehicle battery on basis of battery control system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20080205 |