JP2002166273A - Membrane-separated water controlling equipment and method for controlling water in membrane separating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a membrane-separated water controlling equipment capable of effectively preventing clogging in a membrane separating equipment having a dialysis membrane such as a semipermeable membrane to secure a long and stable operation and a method for controlling water in the membrane separating equipment using the same. SOLUTION: In a method for controlling the water in the membrane separating equipment to be supplied to a reverse osmosis membrane equipment 13 where components are controlled by applying a reverse osmosis pressure between water solutions with different concentrations partitioned via the dialysis membrane using a water controlling equipment 12, raw water to be treated by the reverse osmosis membrane is supplied to the equipment 12 where a fine-particle layer 12a comprising particles of a silicate lased ceramic is formed, thereby allowing the water to come into contact with the fluidized particles by the flow of the raw water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is applied to a seawater desalination apparatus, a semiconductor cleaning ultrapure water production apparatus, an artificial dialysis pure water production apparatus, and the like. The supplied raw water is subjected to a membrane separation treatment such as a reverse osmosis membrane method. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a membrane separation water adjusting device for adjusting components by using the method, and a method for adjusting water of the membrane separation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, methods for adjusting water include a reverse osmosis membrane method (RO membrane method: Reverse Osmosis), an ion exchange method, and a filtration method. These methods are applied to desalination of seawater. Irrigation water, semiconductor cleaning water, artificial dialysis water, and the like have been manufactured. In the reverse osmosis membrane method, a dialysis membrane such as a semipermeable membrane (RO membrane), a hollow fiber membrane, and a flat membrane having fine pores that allow water molecules to pass but not solutes such as inorganic salts is arranged. This is a method in which pure water is placed on one side, and a solution containing an inorganic salt is placed on the other side, and a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure is applied to the solution side to move the water in the opposite direction to that in the non-pressurized state. This reverse osmosis membrane method has been proposed as a method for desalination or purification of seawater, and has been widely put into practical use by employing a dialysis membrane of cellulose ester or the like having excellent semi-permeability. In particular, water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane method is used in ultrapure water production equipment for semiconductor cleaning and pure water production equipment for artificial dialysis, and the quality depends on the quality of the water. Interest was being paid.

[0003]

However, the conventional method for adjusting water using the reverse osmosis membrane method has the following problems. (1) Since the reverse osmosis membrane method is a kind of physical membrane filtration, there is a problem that the semipermeable membrane is clogged during use, the filtration efficiency is reduced, and efficient operation is hindered. (2) In particular, since artificial dialysate using water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane method as a diluent contains ions such as calcium, potassium, and sodium, calcium carbonate and the like are deposited on piping tubes and valves of the artificial dialyzer. I do. In this way, there has been a problem that a malfunction of the valve is caused or a contaminant such as endotoxin is concentrated in a deposited portion, so that acetic acid cleaning is required periodically. (3) In the reverse osmosis membrane method, in order to reduce the load on the reverse osmosis membrane, a filtration device for separating suspended matter in a preceding stage, a device for removing calcium ions by an ion exchange method, and an activated carbon treatment for removing organic substances and the like. Although equipment and the like are generally installed, ionic silica is not removed, which causes clogging of the semipermeable membrane and a reduction in the processing amount due to a decrease in flow rate due to an increase in resistance due to deposition between the semipermeable membranes. A great deal of labor was required for objective cleaning and replacement.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and changes the state of association of water molecules without changing dissolved components before and after treatment, thereby effectively suppressing clogging in a semipermeable membrane, a dialysis membrane, or the like. The membrane separation device having a reverse osmosis membrane can be operated continuously for a long time, and when the treated water is applied to the dilution water of the artificial dialysate, the precipitation of calcium carbonate and the like in the dialysate is suppressed. To control the concentration of contaminants, to provide a membrane separation water adjusting device that can reduce the labor and time required for acetic acid washing, and to reduce clogging in dialysis membranes, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for adjusting water in a membrane separation apparatus, which can significantly reduce the number of maintenance operations.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following arrangement. The membrane separation water adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein a water adjusting device having a particle layer made of silicate-based ceramic particles to which raw water is supplied, and a conditioned water passing through the particle layer are supplied, and a hollow fiber is provided. A dialysis membrane comprising a membrane or a flat membrane, and a membrane separation device for adjusting the component of the conditioned water. This configuration has the following operation. (A) The raw water supplied to the water conditioner is structured by flow electrolysis processing using electromagnetic energy such as piezoelectricity or pyroelectricity generated by collision or friction between ceramic particles, whereby the association state of water molecules is structured. Therefore, due to changes in the state of water molecules surrounding ionic silica, calcium ions, etc.,
Water can be efficiently adjusted by suppressing clogging and accumulation in the dialysis membrane of the membrane separation device. (B) When the water treated by the membrane separation water adjusting device is applied to the dilution water of the dialysate for performing artificial dialysis, useful effects such as the effect of preventing solutes such as calcium content in the water from being deposited are prevented. The effect can be exhibited and promoted. (C) The permeability of dialysis membranes including semi-permeable membranes such as hollow fiber membranes and flat membranes can be improved by simple treatment without using special chemicals or thermal energy. The operation energy of the pump in the separation device can be saved and the life of the dialysis membrane can be improved. (D) When the raw water is treated by the water conditioner, the components in the silicate ceramics do not elute into the water, and conversely, the components in the water do not deposit on the particle surface. No treatment is required, and subsequent water treatment and the like can be easily performed. (E) Since the particles of the silicate-based ceramics are arranged without flowing into the water conditioning apparatus, the raw water is always brought into contact with the particles under a controlled and stable flow state, and water molecules are required. It can be maintained in a meeting state. (F) Since silicate-based ceramics are used, it is possible to adjust the zeta potential, dielectric constant, and the like necessary for changing the association state of water molecules within a predetermined range, thereby efficiently reforming raw water. Can be. (G) Silicate-based ceramics do not wear even when flown, and the surface of the particles is cleaned by the flow, so there is no decrease in the effect due to the adhesion of foreign matter, etc., they can be used semi-permanently, and no special maintenance is required. is there.

[0006] The water conditioning device has a particle outflow preventing portion made of stainless steel or synthetic resin above and below the pipe body, and is provided with an empty space in which particles of silicate-based ceramic having a predetermined particle size can flow sufficiently. By flowing raw water at a predetermined flow rate, the raw water and the particles are brought into contact with each other in a fluidized state, and the zeta potential when the electric double layer formed at the interface between the particles of the silicate-based ceramics and water is relatively moved, The silicate-based ceramic particles generate piezoelectric phenomena and the like due to mechanical shock, and apply electromagnetic energy to the water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment to activate the water. As the flow method, a vertically rising fluidized bed method in which water flows from the lower part of the pipe toward the upper part is preferable because the flow state is easily controlled. As the silicate-based ceramic, a ceramic containing silica as a main component can be used. This silicate-based ceramic is obtained by, for example, crushing (rough crushing → coarse crushing → fine crushing) a rough stone of horn health sedimentary sandstone produced in Miyazaki Prefecture and granulating it to a predetermined particle size by a granulator. , In the firing furnace 1
Those fired at 050 ° C. to 1400 can be suitably used. In addition to silicon as the main component, aluminum, iron,
Calcium, potassium, sodium, etc. are also included.
The Mohs hardness of this ceramic is about 6.8 to 7.1, which is comparable to that of quartz with a Mohs hardness of 7. Even when it is made to flow in water, it is worn by the collision of particles and the components of the ceramic are eluted. It is sintered at a predetermined temperature so as not to rub. The membrane separation device is a water treatment device provided with a dialysis membrane and a semi-permeable membrane made of a hollow fiber membrane, a planar flat membrane formed by a membrane filter, or the like. It is an apparatus that can remove such as.

According to the present invention, the association state of water molecules is changed by bringing raw water into contact with silicate-based ceramics in a flowing state. That is, in the water molecule, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to one oxygen at an angle of 104.52 degrees, and the oxygen atom side becomes minus (-) due to the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen and the effect of the bonding angle. On the hydrogen atom side, the electric charge is biased to plus (+), forming a dipole. For this reason, hydrogen of another water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom side by electrostatic force, and a group called a cluster in which several molecules are associated is formed in water. It is considered that the water activation function is defined by this association state. For example, when the water activated in the water treatment apparatus and treated by the membrane separation apparatus is used as domestic water or the like, scale peeling and generation suppressing effects, urine stone peeling and generation suppressing effects in toilets, odor reduction Effect, red water suppression effect in water pipe, sink,
Beneficial effects such as slimming in drainage, slime generation suppressing effect, plant and animal growth promoting effect, and washing effect have been experimentally confirmed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for adjusting water in a membrane separation apparatus, wherein raw water is supplied to a water adjusting apparatus having a particle layer formed of silicate-based ceramic particles, and the raw water is fluidized by the water flow of the raw water. The component of the conditioned water obtained by contact with the particles is adjusted by a membrane separation device provided with a dialysis membrane composed of a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained. (A) Since raw water comes into contact with particles of the silicate-based ceramics in a fluid state, the association state of water molecules is reduced by electromagnetic energy such as piezoelectricity or pyroelectricity generated by collision or friction between the ceramic particles. Can be changed. Thereby, it is possible to effectively suppress clogging of the dialysis membrane due to insoluble matter and the like in the membrane separation device and flow rate decrease due to an increase in resistance caused by deposition on the dialysis membrane. (B) Further, when the conditioned water treated by the membrane separation device is applied to the dilution water of the dialysis solution for performing artificial dialysis, useful effects such as the effect of preventing solutes such as calcium content in water from being deposited and preventing scale are obtained. The effect can be exhibited and promoted. (C) Since the permeability of the semipermeable membrane is improved by a simple treatment without using any special chemicals or thermal energy, the operation energy of the pump in the membrane separation device such as a reverse osmosis membrane device can be saved and the semipermeable membrane can be saved. The life of the film can be improved. (D) The components in the silicate ceramics do not elute into the water when the raw water is treated with the water conditioning device, and conversely, the components in the water do not deposit on the particle surface. It is not necessary, and subsequent water treatment can be easily performed. (E) Since the particles of the silicate-based ceramics are arranged without flowing into the water conditioning apparatus, the raw water is always brought into contact with the particles under a controlled and stable fluidized state, and water molecules are required. It can be maintained in a meeting state. (F) Since silicate-based ceramics are used, it is possible to adjust the zeta potential, dielectric constant, and the like necessary for changing the association state of water molecules within a predetermined range, and efficiently use water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment, etc. Raw water can be reformed. (G) Silicate-based ceramics do not wear even when flown, and the surface of the particles is cleaned by the flow, so there is no decrease in the effect due to the adhesion of foreign matter, etc., they can be used semi-permanently, and no special maintenance is required. is there.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for adjusting water of the membrane separation apparatus according to the second aspect, the silicate-based ceramic contains 55 to 75% by weight of silicon and 10 to 25% by weight of aluminum. , Iron: 2 to 15% by weight, calcium: 1 to 10% by weight, potassium: 2 to 10% by weight, sodium: 0.1 to 1% by weight, magnesium: 0.1 to 1%
% By weight, titanium: 0.1 to 3% by weight, zirconium:
It is configured to be a ceramic containing 0.1 to 2% by weight. With this configuration, in addition to the function of claim 2,
The following effects are obtained. (A) Since each component of the silicate-based ceramics is limited to a specific range, the particles are fluidized by a water flow, and the weak electromagnetic energy generated by the collision or friction between the particles at this time is used. By changing the association state of water molecules, the effect of activating water itself can be exerted. (B) Since a silicate-based ceramic having a specific composition is obtained by sintering with a predetermined sintering strength, even if the particles repeatedly collide with each other in water, they do not wear or components are eluted. And can be used stably over a long period of time. (C) It is possible to adjust the dielectric constant of the silicate-based ceramic by changing each component within a specific composition range, or to set the zeta potential or the like formed at the interface between particles and water within a predetermined range. In addition, the activation effect of changing the association state of water can be further improved.

If the silicon content of the silicate-based ceramics is less than 55% by weight, it becomes difficult to form the silicate-based ceramics, and the melting point is increased, so that the sinterability is reduced and the production is reduced. In this case, a high-temperature baking treatment tends to be required, which is not preferable. Conversely, if it exceeds 75% by weight, it tends to be difficult to maintain properties such as the dielectric constant in a required range, which is not preferable. 10% by weight of aluminum contained in silicate ceramics
A smaller amount is not preferred because it tends to be difficult to form a silicate-based ceramic. Conversely 2
If it exceeds 5% by weight, the melting point increases, and it tends to be difficult to maintain properties such as strength and dielectric constant in a required range, which is not preferable. If the amount of iron contained in the silicate-based ceramics is less than 2% by weight, it is difficult to maintain the dielectric constant and the like in a required range, which is not preferable. Conversely, if it exceeds 15% by weight, characteristics such as mechanical strength after sintering are reduced, which is not preferable. If the content of calcium in the silicate-based ceramics is less than 1% by weight, it tends to be difficult to maintain the dielectric constant and the like in a required range, which is not preferable. Conversely, if the content exceeds 10% by weight, calcium is eluted, which is not preferable. If the content of potassium in the silicate-based ceramics is less than 2% by weight, it is difficult to maintain the dielectric constant and the like in a required range, which is not preferable. If the content of potassium exceeds 10% by weight, potassium may be eluted or the like, and the mechanical strength or the like may be reduced.

If the content of sodium in the silicate-based ceramics is less than 0.1% by weight, it becomes difficult to maintain the dielectric constant and the like in a required range. If the content of sodium exceeds 1% by weight, it is not preferable because it causes a reduction in mechanical strength and the like after firing. If the amount of magnesium contained in the silicate-based ceramics is less than 0.1% by weight, it becomes difficult to maintain the dielectric constant and the like in a required range, which is not preferable. Conversely, if it exceeds 1% by weight, the mechanical strength and the like after firing are reduced, and the components are eluted, which is not preferable. Titanium contained in the silicate ceramics is 0.
If the amount is less than 1% by weight, it becomes difficult to maintain the dielectric constant or the like in a required range, and the effect of making the particles function as a piezoelectric body is lost. 3% by weight titanium
Exceeding this is not preferable because it causes factors such as a decrease in mechanical strength after firing and elution of components. If the content of zirconium in the silicate-based ceramics is less than 0.1% by weight, the melting point becomes high, so that the sinterability deteriorates and firing at a high temperature is required, which is not preferable.
Conversely, if it exceeds 2% by weight, the tin component may elute, which is not preferable.

The invention described in claim 4 is the invention according to claim 2 or 3.
In the method for adjusting water of the membrane separation device according to the above, the average particle diameter of the particles of the silicate-based ceramic is 0.5 to 5 mm
It is configured to be With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of the second or third aspect. (A) Since the average particle size of the silicate-based ceramics is set to a specific range, the raw water comes into contact with the particles of the silicate-based ceramics in a flowing state, and the electromagnetic energy generated at the time of collision is efficiently reduced. This can be used to change the association state of water molecules. When activated water treated and treated by a water conditioning device and membrane separation device is applied to the water for medical facilities, it is necessary to control urine stones from adhering to toilets and drains, reduce odors, and provide water piping and heat exchangers. And the like, it is possible to exhibit effects such as suppression of scale accumulation on the like. (B) The activation process and the adjustment process of the raw water are performed by the water adjustment device and the membrane separation device, and the treated water can be supplied to the medical facility. This will make the kitchen, dialysis room,
Trouble caused by slimming and slime in a sink, an operating room, a treatment room, and the like is suppressed. (C) The flow rate is adjusted within a predetermined range, and the treated water treated by the water adjusting device and the membrane separation device is supplied to a pure water production device for artificial dialysis to be purified, and this pure water is used as artificial dialysis dilution water. When used, the accumulation of scale such as calcium carbonate on tubes and valves in these devices is suppressed, troubles in valve operation are reduced, and long-term stable operation of the devices can be achieved. In addition, the concentration of harmful substances such as endotoxin caused by scale formation can be suppressed.

As the average particle diameter of the silicate-based ceramic particles becomes smaller than 0.5 mm, the particles are more likely to be flown by the water flow, and the flow velocity for proper flow becomes smaller. I do. On the other hand, when the average particle size exceeds 5 mm, the flow velocity for flowing the fluid increases, and the number of collisions decreases, so that electromagnetic energy cannot be effectively transmitted to water. In addition, it is not preferable because the particles are likely to be broken by collision in the flow of the ceramic particles. In order to obtain a uniform flow state, it is necessary to use the particles with a uniform particle diameter. If the particle diameters are not uniform, the particles are separated for each particle diameter and an appropriate fluidized state cannot be obtained. The amount of ceramic particles to be filled in the water conditioner depends on the size of the water conditioner.
A range of ４０40 g / cm ² is appropriate. 10 particles
If it is less than g / cm ² , the particles will be dispersed too much and the number of collisions will be reduced, resulting in insufficient energy transfer.
On the other hand, if the amount of the particles exceeds 40 g / cm ² , the pressure loss increases and the activation is not promoted so much. The flow rate of the raw water passing through the particle layer depends on the specific gravity and size of the particles, but is 2 to 4 cm / sec for particles having a diameter of 1 mm.
c, 5-6 cm / sec for particles of 2 mm diameter, 3 m
In the case of particles having a diameter of m, it is preferable that the particle diameter be in the range of 8 to 10 cm / sec in order to make the particles flow uniformly. If the flow rate is lower than the lower limit, the ceramic particles will not flow, and impurities in water tend to accumulate on the particle surface, which is not preferable. Conversely, if the upper limit value is exceeded, the ceramic particles stick to the particle outflow prevention net or the like at the upper part of the water conditioner and do not flow, resulting in a large pressure loss, which may damage the particle outflow prevention net and cause particles to flow out. is there.

[0014] The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claims 2 to 4.
Wherein the zeta potential in an aqueous solution of the silicate-based ceramics having a pH of 6 to 8 is -15 mV to -10 mV. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the second to fourth aspects. (A) Since the zeta potential of the silicate-based ceramic is set in a specific range, the association state of water molecules can be effectively changed by effectively utilizing the potential at the solid-liquid interface. As a result, a remarkable effect such as a scale adhesion preventing effect in medical equipment or medical equipment and a plant growth promotion when the activity-adjusted treated water is applied to hydroponic cultivation or the like can be exhibited.

[0015] The zeta potential of silicate ceramics is pH
It is not preferable to lower the voltage to -15 mV in the aqueous solution of 6 to 8 because there is a limit due to restrictions on the material, and even if the voltage exceeds this, the fluidized electrolysis effect cannot be effectively improved. Conversely, if the zeta potential exceeds -10 mV, the potential difference caused by the particles moving in the liquid is small, and it is difficult to effectively exert the fluid electrolysis effect, which is not preferable.

The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claims 2 to 5
The method for adjusting water of a membrane separation device according to any one of the above, wherein the raw water is artificial dialysis water for diluting a dialysate at the time of artificial dialysis. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the second to fifth aspects. (A) raw water is a diluent used for diluting the artificial dialysate,
Since the dialysate contains active water that has been brought into contact with the silicate-based ceramics in a fluidized state, it is possible to prevent calcium and the like in this dialysate from being deposited on piping tubes, valves, and the like as scales such as calcium carbonate. As a result, malfunction of the valve can be prevented, and labor and time required for acetic acid cleaning can be reduced. (B) It is possible to reduce the accumulation of calcium scale in the flow path in the artificial dialysis machine, to suppress the concentration of contaminants (such as endotoxin), to facilitate the hygiene management of the equipment in the artificial dialysis, and to pose a risk of infection. Can be avoided. (C) Since the treated water obtained by treating the diluent with the silicate-based ceramic does not contain any extra eluting components, it is not necessary to add a chemical component for adjusting the components of the dialysate, and the eluting components are used in the dialysate. Can be prevented from impairing the effect of the ions required. Here, the diluting solution is added to the undiluted solution for dialysis in which the components are adjusted in advance to obtain a dialysate having a predetermined component concentration. The diluting solution is previously filtered by a filter, ion-exchanged, activated carbon treated, and reverse osmosis membrane. Water from which impurities have been removed by treatment or the like can also be used.

[0017] The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claims 2 to 5.
In the method for adjusting water of a membrane separation device using the water adjusting device according to any one of the above, the raw water is seawater to be desalinated. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the second to fifth aspects. (A) Since seawater is modified by changing the association state of water molecules, clogging can easily occur even if a large amount of seawater is continuously treated by a membrane separation device such as a reverse osmosis membrane device. Therefore, seawater can be stably treated and desalination can be efficiently performed.

[0018] The invention described in claim 8 is the invention according to claims 2 to 5.
In the method for adjusting water of a membrane separation device according to any one of the above, the raw water is configured to be cleaning water for cleaning semiconductors, semiconductor components, and the like. With this configuration, the following operation is obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the second to fifth aspects. (A) Since the semiconductor is modified by changing the association state of water molecules in cleaning water, the cleaning effect can be promoted, and a high-purity cleaning solution for cleaning the semiconductor can be stably and efficiently used. Can be done. (B) The water treated by the water conditioner has a reduced surface tension,
Since the surface active effect is improved, the cleaning effect is high and efficient cleaning can be performed.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a membrane separation water adjusting apparatus to which a method for adjusting water of a membrane separation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 is applied. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a membrane separation water adjusting device (pure water production device for artificial dialysis) in which Embodiment 1 is applied for artificial dialysis, and 11 denotes a source for storing raw water (water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment) such as tap water. A water receiving tank, 12 is a water adjusting device holding a particle layer composed of particles of silicate ceramics to which a predetermined flow rate of raw water is supplied from the water receiving tank 11, and 12a is a water adjusting device 12
A particle layer of a silicate ceramic having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm disposed in the inside, 12b is a stainless steel net or a punching metal to keep the flowing particle layer in a predetermined range in the water conditioner 12. A pair of upper and lower particle outflow preventing portions 13 formed by the above is a reverse osmosis membrane device, which is an example of a membrane separation device that processes the conditioned water obtained by flow treatment in the water adjustment device 12 by a reverse osmosis membrane method, and 14 is A pump provided at a predetermined position in a flow path in the reverse osmosis membrane device 13, 15 a water softener provided in the flow path, 16 an adsorber filled with activated carbon, 17
Is a filter having a filter having a diameter of 10 μm, 18 is a reverse osmosis membrane module provided with a semipermeable membrane (RO membrane) to which raw water treated via a water softener 15, an adsorber 16, and a filter 17 is supplied; Reference numeral 19 denotes an RO water tank for storing the RO water subjected to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment by the reverse osmosis membrane module 18.

As described above, in the membrane separation water adjusting device 10, the water adjusting device 12 is attached to the water supply line of the reverse osmosis membrane device 13, and the supply water is subjected to ceramics treatment. In addition, before and after each pump and filter (F11, F12) of the membrane separation water adjusting device 10 shown in FIG. 1, a pressure gauge and a flow meter for properly operating the device are installed. Water temperature is measured but not temperature controlled.
The reverse osmosis membrane module 18 is a device having a semi-permeable membrane,
Utilizing the osmotic pressure of water, dissolved ions and the like in the water are physically separated to produce pure water. A constant pressure is applied to the feed water to permeate the semi-permeable membrane and the reverse osmosis module 18
Of the raw water supplied from the water receiving tank 11 is controlled.

The method for producing the silicate-based ceramic particles filled in the water conditioning device 12 and the characteristics thereof will be described below. First, horn health, a sedimentary sandstone of natural ore produced in Miyazaki Prefecture, was crushed and pulverized. Next, if necessary, 25 to 30% by weight of water containing a surfactant or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder is added to the finely pulverized natural ore, and the average granulation is performed by a tumbling granulator. About 2m in diameter
m. The granulated product was heated to about 1200 ° C. in an electric furnace and sintered to produce silicate ceramic particles. Various characteristics of the silicate-based ceramic particles were confirmed. The particle surface of the silicate-based ceramics is glassy and has a Mohs hardness of 6.
8 and a hardness similar to quartz having a Mohs hardness of 7. The density of the particles of the silicate ceramic is 2.45 g /
cm ³ , the force required to crush the particles was 147 N (15 kgf) on average per particle. When the composition of this sintered body was confirmed by X-ray fluorescence analysis, it was calculated as oxide, 63% by weight of silicon, 17.7% by weight of aluminum, 6.7% by weight of iron, 4.5% by weight of calcium, and 4.5% by weight of potassium. 4.
7% by weight, 0.4% by weight of sodium, 0.1% of magnesium.
It was a silicate-based ceramic containing 3% by weight, 1.4% by weight of titanium and 0.6% by weight of zirconium.

Next, the zeta potential of the silicate-based ceramic particles was measured as follows. Here, ceramic particles having a particle size of 0.7 to 1.0 mm were selected, and a Shimadzu streaming potential measuring device (ZP-20) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was selected.
TYPE H) was used to measure the zeta potential. In addition,
A pH standard solution defined by JIS was used for pH adjustment. FIG. 2 shows the measurement results. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the hydrogen ion concentration index (pH) in the liquid and the zeta potential of the silicate-based ceramic. According to the silicate ceramics of the first embodiment, it was found that a zeta potential of −15 mV to −10 mV was obtained in an aqueous solution having a pH of 6 to 8.

As described above, silicate-based ceramics have specific electromagnetic properties such as dielectricity, piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, and triboelectricity due to their crystal structure. Utilizes these characteristics to change the association state of water molecules in treated water that comes into contact with the particles of the silicate-based ceramics in a fluid state.

The water conditioning apparatus 12 filled with particles of the silicate-based ceramics having the above characteristics has a capacity of 50.
The result of circulating 40 liters of distilled water in a liter water tank 40 times using a circulation pump will be described. Inspection of this circulated water using ICP emission spectroscopy did not reveal any elution of ions.
Filtration was performed using a μm membrane filter, and the surface of the filter paper was examined by a scanning electron microscope for the generation of fine particles. However, no fine particles were detected. As a result of a test performed using the water adjusting device 12 in which hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide was added to distilled water and the pH thereof was adjusted in the range of 4 to 13, the elution of ions was performed when the pH was 4 to 11. No fine particles were generated, but elution of silica was observed when the pH was 11 to 13. Accordingly, it was found that it is preferable to use the pH in a range of less than 11. In addition, it was found that the particles of the silicate-based ceramics did not wear and had excellent durability, so that maintenance was almost unnecessary.

120 g of the sintered silicate-based ceramic particles were charged into the water conditioning device 12 to form a particle layer. Made of plastic or stainless steel (SUS304)
In the water adjusting device 12 formed by the housing of the above, the inner diameter of the fluidized bed is 38 mm and the height is 180 mm. Above and below the filled ceramic particles, a particle outflow prevention part 12b made of SUS304 punched metal (pore diameter 0.8 mm)
Is installed. Thereby, the particles fluidized by the supplied medical facility water flow are limited to a predetermined range of the water adjusting device 12, so that collision and friction between the particles are effectively caused, and the association state of the water molecules is effectively increased. Can be changed. Water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment, which is raw water, is sent from the lower part of the water adjusting device 12, and particles of the silicate ceramics are caused to flow by the water flow, and weak electromagnetic energy generated by collision or friction between the particles occurring at this time is reduced. Utilize,
This is to improve the function of water. In order to properly flow the particles of the silicate ceramic, a constant flow rate is required in the container. The flow velocity of the water is preferably a velocity at which the ceramic particles flow as a spring gushing from a sandy ground. Specifically, depending on the size and diameter of the particles and the thickness of the particle layer, 2 to 4
cm / sec, 5-7 cm / s for 2 mm diameter particles
It is appropriate that ec is 3 to 10 cm / sec for particles having a diameter of 3 mm.

Next, a method of connecting the water adjusting device 12 to the reverse osmosis membrane device 13 and performing a pretreatment of the water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment will be described. Particles of sintered silicate ceramics 1
20 g was filled in a cylindrical water conditioning device 12 having an inner diameter of 38 mm to form a particle layer. The water conditioning apparatus 12 formed of a stainless steel (SUS304) housing or tube filled with silicate-based ceramic particles has an inner diameter of a fluidized bed of 38 mm, a height of 180 mm, and stainless steel above and below the inside thereof. And has a structure in which a particle outflow preventing portion 12b for preventing particles from flowing out is attached, which is formed in a mesh shape with a mesh, a punching metal or the like or a plastic or the like. A space is provided between the particle layer 12a and the upper particle outflow prevention portion 12b to allow the particles to flow.
Specifically, the volume between the upper and lower particle outflow prevention portions 12b is 40
６０60 vol%. The water (raw water) for reverse osmosis membrane treatment is sent from the lower part of the water conditioning device 12, and the particles are caused to flow by the water flow. The weak electromagnetic energy generated by the collision and friction between the particles at this time is used to make the water function. Is to be improved.
As a result, the particles fluidized by the supplied water flow for reverse osmosis membrane treatment are limited to a predetermined range in the water conditioner 12, so that collision and friction between the particles are effectively caused, and the association state of the water molecules. Can be changed effectively. In order to properly flow the particles of the silicate ceramic, a constant flow rate is required in the container. Depending on the average particle size of the particles, when the particle size is 2 mm, the flow rate is 5 to 7 c.
m / sec.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, raw water is taken out from a water receiving tank 11 to which tap water, which is raw water, is supplied in advance.
The flow rate in the particle layer is set to, for example, 5 to 7 cm / sec in a water control device filled with a predetermined flow rate, for example, ceramic particles having a particle size of 2 mm from a supply port below the water control device 12. As a result, the raw water comes into contact with the particles of the silicate-based ceramic in a fluid state, and the state of association of water molecules is changed by the weak electromagnetic energy generated by collision between the particles and friction between the particles and between the water and the particles. Let
Its function can be improved. The required amount of the water treated by the water conditioner 12 is replaced with the reverse osmosis membrane device 13.
And circulating an excess amount of water to the water receiving tank 11 at the outlet side, thereby maintaining the inside of the water adjusting device 12 in an optimized state of the fluidized electrolysis and maintaining the amount of water necessary for performing the fluidized electrolysis. Is also good.

The raw water thus treated is supplied to the water softener 1 by a pump 14 provided in the flow path of the reverse osmosis membrane device 13.
5. After the impurities are removed by the adsorber 16 and the filter 17, a predetermined flow rate is applied to the reverse osmosis membrane module 18;
The purified and supplied RO water is discharged at a rate of 5 liter / min, and the purified RO water is discharged. In this embodiment, 15 liter / min of the total discharged amount is stored in the RO water tank 19. did. The reverse osmosis membrane module 18
RO water (10 liters / min) discharged from
2.5 liter / min of reverse osmosis membrane module 1
8, and 7.5 liter / min is discharged as concentrated water in which impurities are concentrated. In the treatment of the raw water in the reverse osmosis membrane module 18, the raw water has been previously subjected to an activation treatment for changing the association state of water molecules in the water conditioner 12, so that clogging in the semipermeable membrane is effectively prevented. It was found that it could be prevented.

[0029]

Next, the results of evaluation of durability and the like using the water conditioning apparatus of Embodiment 1 will be described. FIG. 3 shows the supply side of the reverse osmosis membrane module in the case of the membrane separation water conditioning device 10 equipped with the water conditioning device of the present embodiment, and in the case of the membrane separation water conditioning device in which the water conditioning device is removed as a comparative example. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the differential pressure with the discharge side, and the passing water flow rate. In FIG. 3, the symbol: は indicates data when the membrane separation water adjusting device 10 with the water adjusting device 12 was used as an embodiment, and the symbol: ● indicates the membrane separation water adjustment with the water adjusting device removed as a comparative example. The data when the apparatus is used is shown. As can be seen from the data in FIG.
(Example) (average water amount: 14.7 liter / mi)
n, differential pressure average: 2.33 × 10 ⁻¹ MPa, number of data: 1
41), (average water volume: 13.5 l / min, average differential pressure: 2.5 × 1) in (Comparative Example).
0 ^-1 MPa, the number of data: 46), which indicates that the use of the membrane separation water adjusting device of the present embodiment can increase the amount of water and maintain the differential pressure lower than in the case of the case. Was.

FIG. 4 shows reverse osmosis in the case of the membrane separation water conditioner 10 with the water conditioner 12 of the first embodiment attached thereto and in the case of a comparative example using the membrane separation water conditioner with the water conditioner removed. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the amount of permeated water of a membrane module, and water temperature. In FIG. 4, the symbol: は indicates a membrane separation water conditioning device 10 to which a water conditioning device 12 is attached as an embodiment.
And the symbol: ● indicates data as a comparative example when using a membrane separation water regulator with the water regulator removed. As can be seen from the data in FIG. 4, (average water temperature: 20.5 ° C., average water volume: 14.
7 liter / min, number of data: 141), whereas (average water temperature: 19.2 ° C., average water volume: 1)
3.5 liter / min, the number of data: 43). When the membrane separation water conditioning apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is used, a larger amount of water can be maintained than in the case of and the pressure on the semipermeable membrane is increased. The burden was reduced, and it was found that the pump power, the quality of the treated water, and the life of the membrane were advantageous.

FIG. 5 shows the permeation of the reverse osmosis membrane module in the case of the membrane separation water regulator 10 with the water regulator 12 according to the first embodiment and the case of the membrane separation water regulator with the water regulator removed. It is the graph which showed the relationship between water quantity and water quality. In FIG. 5, the symbol: デ ー タ indicates data when the membrane separation water adjusting device 10 with the water adjusting device 12 was used as an example, and the symbol: ● indicates the membrane separation water adjustment with the water adjusting device removed as a comparative example. The data when the apparatus is used is shown. As can be seen from the data in FIG. 5, (water quality average: 2.0 μS / cm, water volume average: 14.7 liter / min, data number: 141)
(Average water quality: 2.0 μS / cm, average water volume: 13.
5 liter / min, number of data: 46).
As described above, it can be seen that in the case of using the membrane separation water adjusting device 10 of the first embodiment, a larger amount of water can be maintained than in the case of the comparative example, and the water quality does not deteriorate. The quality of the treated water is evaluated by measuring the electric conductivity of the treated water treated by the water conditioning device 12, and its unit is μS / cm.
(Micro Siemens / cm).

Table 1 summarizes the data of the first embodiment having different experimental periods in addition to the data shown in FIGS. Since the reverse osmosis membrane module 18 is a physical filtration using a semipermeable membrane, the permeability deteriorates as the treatment amount increases due to the deposition of impurities on the membrane surface. Further, the operation is performed while adjusting the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane module 18 depending on the flow rate (purification amount) of the purified raw water and the flow rate of the treatment liquid. The pressure difference between the inlet side and the outlet side of the module 18 increases, making it difficult to perform a stable operation. However, it has been clarified that these adverse effects can be suppressed by reforming the state of the treated water in advance using the water adjusting device 12. That is, as is clear from the data of FIGS. 3 and 4, the provision of the water conditioning device 12 reduces the permeability against the pressure difference between the inlet side and the outlet side of the reverse osmosis membrane module and the water temperature. It can be seen that it can be improved by 15% or more.

[0033]

[Table 1]

The method for adjusting water in the membrane separation apparatus of the first embodiment has the following excellent effects because it is configured as described above. (A) The water (raw water) for reverse osmosis membrane treatment is brought into contact with particles of silicate-based ceramics in a fluid state, and the association state of water molecules due to the weak electromagnetic energy generated by collision and friction between the ceramic particles occurring at this time. And clogging of the semipermeable membrane during treatment by the reverse osmosis membrane method can be effectively suppressed. (B) Since the permeability of the semi-permeable membrane of the reverse osmosis membrane module 18 is improved without using any special chemicals or thermal energy, the operation energy of the pump 14 in the reverse osmosis membrane device 13 can be reduced, and the semi-permeable membrane can be saved. Cleaning can be reduced and the service life can be improved. (C) The water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment is a diluent used for diluting the dialysate, and the dialysate contains activated water brought into fluid contact with the silicate-based ceramics. It is possible to suppress the precipitation of calcium carbonate or the like as a scale on tubes and valves. As a result, malfunction of the valve in the artificial dialyzer can be prevented, and the labor and the cost of acetic acid cleaning of the artificial dialyzer can be reduced. (D) It is possible to reduce the accumulation of calcium scale in the flow path in the artificial dialysis machine, to suppress the concentration of contaminants (such as endotoxin), to facilitate the hygiene management of the equipment in the artificial dialysis, and to reduce the risk of infection. Can be avoided. (E) When the water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment is treated by the water conditioning device, the components in the silicate-based ceramics do not elute into the water, and conversely, the components in the water do not deposit on the particle surface. Water treatment can be easily performed. (F) Since silicate-based ceramics are used, the zeta potential, the dielectric constant, and the like required to change the association state of water molecules are adjusted to predetermined ranges to efficiently reform the water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment. be able to. (G) Since a silicate-based ceramic having a specific composition is obtained by sintering with a predetermined sintering strength, even if the particles repeatedly collide in water, they do not wear or components are eluted. It can be used stably over a period. (H) The dielectric constant and the like of the silicate ceramics can be adjusted by changing each component within a specific composition range, the zeta potential and the like formed at the interface between the particles and water are increased, and the flow electrolytic effect is further improved. It can also be done. (I) Since the average particle diameter of the silicate-based ceramics and the flow rate of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment water passing through the particle layer are set to specific ranges, respectively, the reverse osmosis membrane treatment water is used in the fluidized silicate ceramics. By contacting the particles, the electromagnetic energy generated during the collision can be efficiently used. (J) The water used in the medical facility is activated and adjusted by a membrane separation water adjusting device having a water adjusting device and a reverse osmosis membrane device as required, and the water is used for a cooking place, a dialysis room, a hand washing place, a sink, Water can be supplied to an operating room, a treatment room, and the like, and a fluid electrolytic effect can be exerted.

(Embodiment 2) In the method for adjusting water of a membrane separation apparatus according to Embodiment 2, the raw water to be applied is seawater to be desalinated, and the large amount of seawater is converted into a particle layer of silicate ceramics. After having been treated in advance using the water conditioning device 12 having the above, the water is desalinated by passing it through a reverse osmosis membrane device having a hollow fiber membrane. In the following description, components having the same functions as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

Water in seawater has a property that water molecules associate with each other by hydrogen bonding, and the functionality of the water can be changed by magnetic treatment, electric field treatment, ceramic treatment, or the like. The present invention is based on this finding. That is, the state of association of water molecules is changed by bringing seawater to be subjected to reverse osmosis membrane treatment into contact with the silicate-based ceramic particles in a fluidized state in advance.

The method for adjusting water in the membrane separation apparatus according to the second embodiment has the following excellent effects because it is configured as described above. (1) Since the seawater is treated in advance by the water conditioning device 12, the electromagnetic energy generated when the seawater comes into contact with and collides with the particles of the silicate-based ceramic in a flowing state can be efficiently used. This reforms the seawater,
This seawater can be treated by a reverse osmosis membrane device to prevent clogging or the like in the semipermeable membrane, and to efficiently perform seawater desalination. (2) The use of a dialysis membrane made of a hollow fiber membrane having excellent permeation treatment characteristics enables stable and continuous operation for a long period of time without clogging seawater containing various components. The present invention can be applied to a desalination facility or the like that requires the above, and the treatment efficiency can be greatly increased. (3) Seawater can be easily treated without using special chemicals or thermal energy. (4) Since the components in the silicate-based ceramics are not eluted and mixed into the seawater in the water conditioning device 12, there is no need for post-treatment or the like accompanying a change in the components, and the subsequent water treatment or the like can be easily performed. Can be. (5) Since a silicate-based ceramic having a specific composition is obtained by sintering with a predetermined sintering strength, even if the particles repeatedly collide with each other in water, they do not wear or components are eluted. A large amount of seawater can be treated stably over a period.

(Embodiment 3) In the method for adjusting water of a membrane separation apparatus according to Embodiment 3, the applied raw water is cleaning water for cleaning semiconductors, and the cleaning water is made of silicate ceramic particles. After processing continuously or intermittently using a water conditioning device 12 having a layer and a membrane separation device such as a reverse osmosis membrane device, cleaning of semiconductors and electronic components having semiconductors and the like is performed using the treated water. It was done. In the following description, components having the same functions as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.

The water in the washing water has a property that water molecules associate with each other by hydrogen bonding, and the functionality of the water can be changed by a magnetic treatment, an electric field treatment, a ceramic treatment, or the like. That is, by bringing the cleaning water into contact in advance in the fluidized state of the particles of the silicate-based ceramics, the state of association of the water molecules is changed so that the subsequent reverse osmosis membrane treatment of the cleaning water can be performed efficiently. It was done.

The method for adjusting the water of the membrane separation apparatus according to the third embodiment has the following excellent effects because it is configured as described above. (1) Since the cleaning water is previously treated by the water adjusting device 12, the electromagnetic wave generated when the cleaning water for cleaning the semiconductors and the semiconductor components comes into contact with and collide with the particles of the silicate-based ceramics in the flowing state. Energy can be used efficiently. As a result, the cleaning water is reformed, and the cleaning water can be further processed by a reverse osmosis membrane device to thereby efficiently purify the cleaning water while preventing clogging of the semipermeable membrane. (2) Since clogging of the semipermeable membrane of the membrane separation device can be prevented, the operation of the pure water production device can be stably performed for a long period of time, and the number of maintenance operations can be significantly reduced, resulting in excellent maintainability. (3) It is possible to easily perform high-purification treatment of cleaning water without using any special chemicals or thermal energy. (4) The components in the silicate-based ceramics are not eluted and mixed into the water for cleaning in the water conditioning device 12, so that post-treatment according to a change in the components is not required, and the subsequent water treatment or the like can be easily performed. Can be. (5) Since a silicate-based ceramic having a specific composition is obtained by sintering with a predetermined sintering strength, even if the particles repeatedly collide with each other in water, they do not wear or components are eluted. Can be used stably over a period. (6) Silicate-based ceramics are not worn even when flown, and the surface of the particles is constantly cleaned by the flow, so there is no decrease in the effect due to the adhesion of foreign substances, etc., they can be used semi-permanently, and no special maintenance is required. It is. (7) The adjusted water obtained by the treatment with the water adjusting device has a reduced surface tension and an improved surface active effect, so that the washing effect is high and efficient washing can be performed.

[0041]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (A) The raw water supplied to the water conditioner is structured by flow electrolysis processing using electromagnetic energy such as piezoelectricity or pyroelectricity generated by collision or friction between ceramic particles, whereby the association state of water molecules is structured. Therefore, due to changes in the state of water molecules surrounding ionic silica, calcium ions, etc.,
Water can be efficiently adjusted by suppressing clogging and accumulation in the dialysis membrane of the membrane separation device. (B) When the water treated by the membrane separation water adjusting device is applied to the dilution water of the dialysate for performing artificial dialysis, useful effects such as the effect of preventing solutes such as calcium content in the water from being deposited are prevented. The effect can be exhibited and promoted. (C) The permeability of dialysis membranes including semi-permeable membranes such as hollow fiber membranes and flat membranes can be improved by simple treatment without using special chemicals or thermal energy. The operation energy of the pump in the separation device can be saved and the life of the dialysis membrane can be improved. (D) When the raw water is treated by the water conditioner, the components in the silicate ceramics do not elute into the water, and conversely, the components in the water do not deposit on the particle surface. No treatment is required, and subsequent water treatment and the like can be easily performed. (E) Since the particles of the silicate-based ceramics are arranged without flowing into the water conditioning apparatus, the raw water is always brought into contact with the particles under a controlled and stable fluidized state, and water molecules are required. It can be maintained in a meeting state. (F) Since silicate-based ceramics are used, it is possible to adjust the zeta potential, dielectric constant, and the like necessary for changing the association state of water molecules within a predetermined range, thereby efficiently reforming raw water. Can be. (G) Silicate-based ceramics do not wear even when flown, and the surface of the particles is cleaned by the flow. Therefore, there is no decrease in the effect due to the adhesion of foreign substances, etc., they can be used semi-permanently, and no special maintenance is required. is there.

According to the method for adjusting water of the membrane separation device according to the second aspect, the following effects can be obtained. (A) Since raw water comes into contact with particles of the silicate-based ceramics in a fluid state, the association state of water molecules is reduced by electromagnetic energy such as piezoelectricity or pyroelectricity generated by collision or friction between the ceramic particles. Can be changed. It is possible to effectively suppress clogging of the dialysis membrane due to insoluble matter and the like in the membrane separation device and flow rate decrease due to an increase in resistance caused by deposition on the dialysis membrane. (B) Further, when the conditioned water treated by the membrane separation device is applied to the dilution water of the dialysis solution for performing artificial dialysis, useful effects such as the effect of preventing solutes such as calcium content in water from being deposited and preventing scale are obtained. The effect can be exhibited and promoted. (C) Since the permeability of the semipermeable membrane is improved by a simple treatment without using any special chemicals or thermal energy, the operation energy of the pump in the membrane separation device such as a reverse osmosis membrane device can be saved and the semipermeable membrane can be saved. The life of the film can be improved. (D) The components in the silicate ceramics do not elute into the water when the raw water is treated with the water conditioning device, and conversely, the components in the water do not deposit on the particle surface. It is not necessary, and subsequent water treatment can be easily performed. (E) Since the particles of the silicate-based ceramics are arranged without flowing into the water conditioning apparatus, the raw water is always brought into contact with the particles under a controlled and stable flow state, and water molecules are required. It can be maintained in a meeting state. (F) Since silicate-based ceramics are used, it is possible to adjust the zeta potential, dielectric constant, and the like necessary for changing the association state of water molecules within a predetermined range, and efficiently use water for reverse osmosis membrane treatment, etc. Raw water can be reformed. (G) Silicate-based ceramics do not wear even when flown, and the surface of the particles is cleaned by the flow, so there is no decrease in the effect due to the adhesion of foreign matter, etc., they can be used semi-permanently, and no special maintenance is required. is there.

According to the invention described in claim 3, according to claim 2
In addition to the effects described above, the following effects can be obtained. (A) Since each component of the silicate-based ceramics is limited to a specific range, the particles are fluidized by a water flow, and the weak electromagnetic energy generated by the collision or friction between the particles at this time is used. By changing the association state of water molecules, the effect of activating water itself can be exerted. (B) Since a silicate-based ceramic having a specific composition is obtained by sintering with a predetermined sintering strength, even if the particles repeatedly collide with each other in water, they do not wear or components are eluted. And can be used stably over a long period of time. (C) It is possible to adjust the dielectric constant of the silicate-based ceramic by changing each component within a specific composition range, or to set the zeta potential or the like formed at the interface between particles and water within a predetermined range. In addition, the activation effect of changing the association state of water can be further improved.

According to the invention described in claim 4, according to claim 2
The following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of the third or third effects. (A) Since the average particle size of the silicate-based ceramics is set to a specific range, the raw water comes into contact with the particles of the silicate-based ceramics in a flowing state, and the electromagnetic energy generated at the time of collision is efficiently reduced. This can be used to change the association state of water molecules. When activated water treated and treated by a water conditioning device and membrane separation device is applied to the water for medical facilities, it is necessary to control urine stones from adhering to toilets and drains, reduce odors, and provide water piping and heat exchangers. And the like, it is possible to exhibit effects such as suppression of scale accumulation on the like. (B) The activation process and the adjustment process of the raw water are performed by the water adjustment device and the membrane separation device, and the treated water can be supplied to the medical facility. Trouble caused by slime and slime in a cooking place, a dialysis room, a hand washing place, a sink, an operating room, a treatment room, and the like is suppressed. (C) The flow rate was adjusted within a predetermined range, and the treated water treated by the water adjustment device and the membrane separation device was supplied to the membrane separation water adjustment device to be purified, and this purified water was used as artificial dialysis dilution water. In such a case, the accumulation of scale such as calcium carbonate on the tubes and valves in these devices is suppressed, troubles in operation of the valves are reduced, and long-term stable operation of the devices can be achieved. In addition, the concentration of harmful substances such as endotoxin caused by scale formation can be suppressed.

According to the invention set forth in claim 5, according to claim 2,
The following effects are obtained in addition to the effects of any one of the above items 4 to 4. (A) Since the zeta potential of the silicate-based ceramic is set in a specific range, the association state of water molecules can be effectively changed by effectively utilizing the potential at the solid-liquid interface. A remarkable effect such as an effect of preventing adhesion of scale in medical equipment or medical equipment and a promotion of plant growth when the treated water whose activity is adjusted is applied to hydroponic cultivation or the like can be exhibited.

According to the invention described in claim 6, according to claim 2
The following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of any one of the above items 5 to 5. (A) raw water is a diluent used for diluting the artificial dialysate,
Since the dialysate contains active water that has been brought into contact with the silicate-based ceramics in a fluidized state, it is possible to prevent calcium and the like in this dialysate from being deposited on piping tubes, valves, and the like as scales such as calcium carbonate. Valve malfunction can be prevented, and labor and time required for acetic acid cleaning can be reduced. (B) It is possible to reduce the accumulation of calcium scale in the flow path in the artificial dialysis machine, to suppress the concentration of contaminants (such as endotoxin), to facilitate the hygiene management of the equipment in the artificial dialysis, and to pose a risk of infection. Can be avoided. (C) Since the treated water obtained by treating the diluent with the silicate-based ceramic does not contain any extra eluting components, it is not necessary to add a chemical component for adjusting the components of the dialysate, and the eluting components are used in the dialysate. Can be prevented from impairing the effect of the ions required.

According to the invention of claim 7, according to claim 2,
The following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of any one of the above items 5 to 5. (A) Since seawater is modified by changing the association state of water molecules, clogging can easily occur even if a large amount of seawater is continuously treated by a membrane separation device such as a reverse osmosis membrane device. Therefore, seawater can be stably treated and desalination can be efficiently performed.

According to the invention described in claim 8, claim 2 is provided.
The following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of any one of the above items 5 to 5. (A) Since the semiconductor is modified by changing the association state of water molecules in cleaning water, the cleaning effect can be promoted, and a high-purity cleaning solution for cleaning the semiconductor can be stably and efficiently used. Can be done. (B) The water treated by the water conditioner has a reduced surface tension,
Since the surface active effect is improved, the cleaning effect is high and efficient cleaning can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a membrane separation water adjusting device to which a method for adjusting water of a membrane separation device according to a first embodiment is applied.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a hydrogen ion concentration index (pH) in a liquid and a zeta potential.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the differential pressure of a reverse osmosis membrane module and the flow rate of passing water.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a permeated water amount and a water temperature of a reverse osmosis membrane module.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of permeated water and the water quality of a reverse osmosis membrane module.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Membrane separation water adjusting device 11 Water receiving tank 12 Water adjusting device 12a Particle layer 12b Particle outflow prevention part 13 Reverse osmosis membrane device 14 Pump 15 Water softener 16 Adsorber 17 Filtration device 18 Reverse osmosis membrane module 19 RO water tank

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B01D 63/02 B01D 63/02 63/08 63/08 C02F 1/68 510 C02F 1/68 510A 520 520V 530 530A 540 540A 540D

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A water conditioning apparatus having a particle layer composed of silicate-based ceramic particles to which raw water is supplied, and a dialysis membrane comprising a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane supplied with conditioning water passing through the particle layer. And a membrane separation device for adjusting the component of the conditioned water. 2. A process in which raw water is supplied to a water conditioner in which a particle layer made of silicate-based ceramic particles is formed, and conditioned water obtained by contacting said particles fluidized by said raw water flow is hollow fiber. A method for adjusting water in a membrane separation device, comprising adjusting components with a membrane separation device provided with a dialysis membrane composed of a membrane or a flat membrane. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the silicate-based ceramic is silicon: 55.
-75% by weight, aluminum: 10-25% by weight, iron:
2 to 15% by weight, calcium: 1 to 10% by weight, potassium: 2 to 10% by weight, sodium: 0.1 to 1% by weight,
Magnesium: 0.1-1% by weight, Titanium: 0.1-3
The method for adjusting water in a membrane separation device according to claim 2, wherein the ceramic is a ceramic containing 0.1% to 2% by weight of zirconium. 4. The silicate-based ceramic particles have an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm.
Or the method for adjusting water in the membrane separation device according to 3. 5. A zeta potential of the silicate-based ceramics in an aqueous solution having a pH of 6 to 8 is -15 mV to -10 mV.
5. The method according to claim 2, wherein
Item 13. The method for adjusting water in the membrane separation device according to item 9. 6. The artificial dialysis water for diluting a dialysate at the time of artificial dialysis.
The method for adjusting water in a membrane separation device according to any one of the above. 7. The method for adjusting water in a membrane separation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the raw water is seawater subjected to a desalination treatment. 8. The method for adjusting water in a membrane separation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the raw water is cleaning water for cleaning semiconductors, semiconductor components, and the like.