JP2002159479A - X-ray diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To move at least either a means for X-ray irradiation or an X-ray flat panel detector of a surgical, movable X-ray diagnostic apparatus out of a working area, where the parts disturb surgeons' work during a surgery, except to take X-rays. SOLUTION: An X-ray diagnostic apparatus is equipped with a means 1 for X-ray irradiation to irradiate a subject 113, an X-ray flat panel detector 3 to detect X-ray passing through the subject, and a means to support the means for X-ray irradiation and the X-ray flat panel detector at positions where they face each other at the time of X-ray irradiation. At least either the means 1 for X-ray irradiation or the X-ray flat panel detector 3 is moved out of a working area except to take X-rays.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic apparatus, and more particularly, to an improvement of a support for supporting an X-ray generating unit and an X-ray detecting unit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus, there is a surgical C-arm X-ray diagnostic apparatus used for a surgical operation. This device is
The X-ray generation unit and the X-ray detection unit are arranged opposite to both ends of the C-arm. The movement of the X-ray generation unit and the movement of the X-ray detector are linked, and the X-ray detector and the X-ray generation unit face each other. Will be supported.

A surgical C-arm X-ray diagnostic apparatus is used in clinical practice as follows. First, before performing a surgical operation, imaging is performed to check the state of the affected part before the operation. After that, the operation is performed after moving from the operating table to a position that does not interfere with the operation. Then, after the operation, the device is moved to the position where the image was taken before the operation to check the operation result, and the image is taken and checked.

[0004] In surgery, a number of instruments including an electrocardiograph for observing the condition of the patient and a life support device including an oxygen inhaler are placed around the patient. Since there is a possibility that the X-ray diagnostic apparatus may come into contact with instruments and the like around the patient, it is necessary to take care not to make contact when the apparatus is moved. Further, when the apparatus itself is moved when returning from the retracted position to the photographing position again, there is a man-hour for positioning.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-116631 discloses a method for freely setting an imaging position by using an X-ray flat panel detector, which has recently attracted attention as a small and lightweight X-ray detector.

[0006]

However, the conventional surgical C-arm X-ray diagnostic apparatus has a problem in operability at the time of imaging because of the above considerations. In addition, since the above-described apparatus moves with the apparatus, there is a problem that it takes time to adjust the position to the photographing position.

An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray diagnostic apparatus capable of accurately and quickly reproducing photographing positions before and after an operation and avoiding contact with instruments and the like.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses the following means. (1) X-ray irradiating means for irradiating the subject with X-rays, an X-ray detector for detecting X-rays transmitted through the subject, and a position where the X-ray irradiating means and the X-ray detector face each other. In an X-ray diagnostic apparatus including a supporting unit for supporting and an indicator for displaying image information from the X-ray flat panel detector, at least the X-ray irradiating unit or the X-ray flat panel detector except during imaging. Means for retracting one from the opposing position to the outside of the work area.

(2) The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is the X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the above (1), further comprising means for reproducing from the retracted position to the opposed position.

(3) An X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is the X-ray diagnostic apparatus described in (1) or (2) above, wherein the detector support means is connected to a plurality of arms and the arms. And a plurality of rotation joints.

(4) The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is the X-ray diagnostic apparatus described in (1) above, wherein the detector support means faces the X-ray flat panel detector to the X-ray generation means. Means for controlling the arrangement.

(5) The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is the X-ray diagnostic apparatus described in the above (1), wherein the X-ray generating means supporting means and the detector supporting means have means which can be separately installed. Things.

(6) The X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is the X-ray diagnostic apparatus described in (1) above, and is provided on a detector supporting means or a part of the X-ray flat panel detector. The position of the X-ray flat panel detector can be changed by manually moving the unit.

(7) An X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is the X-ray diagnostic apparatus described in (1) above, wherein the X-ray generating means support means is provided at the center of the image receiving surface of the X-ray flat panel detector. The apparatus is provided with means for controlling the rotation of the X-ray generation unit and the opening of the X-ray aperture so that the center of the beam is located.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention.

The C-shaped arm 101 is slidably held by a holder 102, and the holder 102 is
The support 103 is attached to the X-ray diagnostic apparatus main body 110 so as to be rotatable. The column 103 has a vertical movement mechanism. There are also some devices in which the C-arm can be moved horizontally in one or two directions while the X-ray diagnostic apparatus main body is fixed.
The main body is equipped with a tire 104 and a handle 105, and is movable between an operating room and an examination room. The X-ray detection unit can be moved up and down (in a direction approaching or moving away from the X-ray generation unit 109) by a moving mechanism.

The X-ray detectors 10 are provided at both ends of the C-arm 101.
6 (II, optical system, TV camera, etc.) and X-ray generator 1
09 are provided to face each other. A rail (not shown) is provided on the back surface or side surface of the C-arm 101, and the rail is sandwiched between rolls (not shown) provided on the holder 102 so that the C-arm 101 has an arc shape. Is slidably held.

A feature of the present invention is that an X-ray generating unit 1 including an X-ray tube is held in an L-shaped arm 2, and an X-ray flat detector 3 including a plurality of solid state detecting elements is provided in the L-shaped arm. 2 is held in the mobile X-ray diagnostic apparatus main body 4 so as to be movable in isolation. Here, the L-shaped arm 2 is a vertical / rotation mechanism 8.
And the X-ray flat panel detector 3 is held by the generator main body 4 via the link mechanism 6.

The movement of the X-ray generator 1 does not interlock with the movement of the X-ray flat detector 3, but the position of the X-ray flat detector 3 is set so as to face the X-ray generator 1, Controlled.

In the present invention, the X-ray generator 1 is always extended in the X-ray plane by sliding the tip 7 of the L-shaped arm 2 supporting the X-ray generator 1 and rotating the X-ray generator 1. It can be displaced so as to face the detector 3.
This means is achieved by a motor, a pulley, and a belt in order to slide the distal end 7 of the L-shaped arm 2 having the X-ray generator 1 rotatably attached to the distal end in the left-right direction.

In the present invention, the X-ray generator 1 can be set from a distant position where the X-ray apparatus main body 4 does not approach a patient or the like by extending the distal end portion 7 of the L-shaped arm 2 by sliding. Further, by rotating the X-ray generator 1, it is possible to obtain an image equivalent to the case where the L-shaped arm 2 is slid around the region of interest. Conventionally, it was necessary to slide the C-arm while paying attention to the contact. However, in the present invention, the X-ray generator 1 is rotated by minimizing the sliding movement of the tip 7 of the L-arm. . Then, by displacing the X-ray flat panel detector 3 in response to this, it is possible to avoid a patient from contacting with peripheral devices and perform wide-range imaging.

The amount of slide movement and the rotation angle of the X-ray generation unit 1 are detected by a potentiometer or an encoder.
The detection may be performed indirectly with a motor shaft, or may be performed directly by a pinion that is attached to a flexible rack attached to the X-ray generation unit 1 and engaged with the flexible rack.

Next, an example of a link mechanism 6 for holding the X-ray flat panel detector 3 movably on the X-ray generator main body is shown in FIG.
Shown in The mechanism extending from the mobile X-ray diagnostic apparatus main body 4 and the link mechanism 6 is also described in JP-A-2000-116631. The link mechanism 6 includes an arm group including a first arm 601, a second arm 602, and a third arm 603, and joints 604, 605, and 6 for connecting these arms.
06,607 joint groups. First arm 6
The end of 01 is integrally connected to the drum, and the drum is rotatably attached to the X-ray generator main body 4 by bearings. One end of the drum shaft is connected to a motor, and the first arm 601 can be rotated by rotation of the motor. A first arm 60 is provided at the other end of the drum shaft.
A potentiometer or an encoder as a position sensor for detecting the rotation angle of 1 is provided.

The joint may be rotated automatically or manually.
In the case of manual operation, as shown in FIG. 2, a handle 301 is provided on the X-ray flat panel detector 3, and an operator positions the detector 3 at a desired position. Alternatively, a power assist mechanism may be provided to drive the motor so that the X-ray flat panel detector 3 moves in the direction of input of a force to the handle 301, thereby reducing the burden of operation. Handle 301
May be attached to the link mechanism 6. Then, the motor of the X-ray generation unit 1 may be drive-controlled so that the X-ray generation unit 1 faces the movement of the X-ray flat panel detector 3. That is, based on the output of the position sensor included in the link mechanism 6 of the X-ray flat panel detector 3, the X-ray generation unit 1 is arranged so as to face the detection surface of the X-ray flat panel detector 3. The rotation of the generator 1 and the sliding position of the L-shaped arm are automatically controlled.

By doing so, it is possible to immediately and accurately position the robot at a position desired by the operator. A desired image can be obtained immediately from various angles without moving the subject, which is useful for diagnosis during surgery.

Conversely, the extension signal and the rotation of the X-ray generation unit 1 may be fixed, and an assistance signal may be output so that the detection surface of the X-ray flat panel detector 3 is arranged to face the X-ray generation unit 1. For example, when the X-ray flux is on the detection surface of the X-ray flat panel detector 3, a yellow lamp is displayed. When the center of the X-ray flux is coincident with the center of the detection plane of the X-ray flat panel detector 3, a green lamp is displayed. If it is completely off, a red lamp is displayed to assist manual positioning. When photographing is started with the yellow lamp displayed, the X-ray aperture is operated so as to remove X-rays emitted to areas other than the detection surface of the X-ray flat panel detector 3. This is particularly effective when there are various instruments around the X-ray generator 1 and the X-ray generator cannot be moved due to contact.

Handle 3 provided on X-ray flat panel detector 3
01 is provided with a brake release switch 302, and when the X-ray flat panel detector 3 is manually moved, the operator grasps the handle 301 and turns on the brake release switch 302. When the brake release switch 302 is turned on, the four joints of the link mechanism 6 of the X-ray flat panel detector 3 and the brakes of the main shaft rotation and the support column rotation of the X-ray main body 4 are separated, so that manual positioning is possible. Become.

A force detecting device composed of, for example, a strain gauge is provided on the rotation axis of each joint and the rotation axis of the strut, and the force detection device discriminates between imbalance due to gravity and imbalance due to external force. . And
When the operator applies an operation force to the X-ray flat panel detector 3 by manual operation, the rotation according to the operation force can be performed while being connected to the motor, and the X-ray flat panel detector 3 can be operated by the operator. Movement control can be performed.

The operator manually moves the X-ray flat panel detector 3 to a desired position and turns off the brake release switch 302. As a result, the brakes for the rotation of each joint, the main shaft of the C-arm, and the rotation of the column are connected, and the X-ray flat panel detector 3 is fixed at the position at that time.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of use of the present invention. 1 are indicated by the same symbols. When the X-ray imaging of the subject 113 is completed in the state of FIG. 1, the doctor retracts the obstructed flat panel detector 3 to perform various treatments on the subject 113. In this case, as described above, the link mechanism 6 is automatically or manually driven to move the flat panel detector 3 away from the subject 113 and set as shown in the drawing to expand the space above the subject 113. By securing this space, the doctor can freely perform various treatments on the subject 113.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the case of FIG. 1, an apparatus main body 4 holding a flat panel detector 3 and a support portion 5 of an L-shaped arm 2 having an X-ray generator 1 are provided.
Although FIG. 4 shows an example in which the apparatus main body 4 and the support section 5 are separately and independently configured. That is, only the link mechanism 6 having the flat detector 3 is provided in the apparatus main body 4, and only the L-shaped arm 2 having the X-ray generator 1 is provided in the support portion 5. The apparatus main body 4 and the support unit 5 are configured to be independently movable, and configured to be able to approach or to be away from the subject 113. FIG.
Indicates the imaging state of the subject 113. When the imaging is completed, the link mechanism 6 drives the flat detector 3
Can be kept away from the subject 113, and the space above the subject 113 can be expanded.

As described above, according to the present invention, X
The X-ray flat panel detector 3 is movably mounted independently of the L-shaped arm 2 by extending and rotating the X-ray generator 1 with respect to the L-shaped arm 2 and rotating and moving the X-ray flat detector 3 so as to face each other. This allows various angles of shooting. For this reason, the main body of the L-shaped arm 2 can perform imaging at various angles with a minimum amount of movement. In addition, since the L-arm and the X-ray flat panel detector monitor the positional relationship of each other, accurate and various positioning can be easily performed, and collision with a patient or peripheral equipment can be avoided. A mobile X-ray diagnostic apparatus that can be provided can be provided.

Further, it is possible to perform free positioning imaging without impairing the accessibility to the subject. Also,
Since the evacuation of only the detector is easy, the X-ray diagnostic apparatus does not interfere during the operation. For this reason, imaging during the operation can be easily repeated.

[0034]

The present invention has the effect of providing an X-ray diagnostic apparatus capable of easily avoiding contact with instruments and the like arranged in the operating room.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view for explaining a usage example of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 X-ray generation part 2 L-shaped arm 3 Flat X-ray detector 4 X-ray diagnostic apparatus main body 5 Support part 6 Link mechanism 7 Tip part 8 Vertical / rotation mechanism 111 Bed support base 112 Bed 113 Examinee

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An X-ray irradiator for irradiating an object with X-rays, an X-ray detector for detecting X-rays transmitted through the object, and the X-ray irradiator and the X-ray detector facing each other. An X-ray diagnostic apparatus comprising: a support unit for supporting a position; and a display for displaying image information from the X-ray flat panel detector, wherein the X-ray irradiating unit or the X-ray flat panel detector other than during imaging. Means for retracting at least one of the two from the opposing position to outside the work area.