JP2002159440A - Stereoscopic endoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereoscopic endoscope provided with an optical system in which a wide angle and an included angle can be used in their proper way as the condition stands without moving lenses or the endoscope itself, and with a new installation structure in which such an optical system is built in efficiently and correctly. SOLUTION: The stereoscopic endoscope 1 is provided with a first pipe-like member 48 where a first objective optical system 60 is fixedly held inside, a second pipe-like member 49 where a second objective optical system 61 is fixedly held inside, a third pipe-like member 50 where a third objective optical system 62 is fixedly held inside, a pair of position control members 46, 46 which fix positional relation among the three pipe-like members by supporting both ends of the first to the third pipe-like members, a fourth pipe-like member 47 where the first to the third pipe-like members are passed through and arranged inside with prescribed positional relation by fitting in and fixing the position control members inside, and a fifth pipe-like member 34 where an image transferring optical system 52 is fixedly held inside, and the fourth pipe- like member 47 is passed through and fixed in the fifth pipe-like member 34.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic endoscope for stereoscopically observing an object to be observed, and more particularly, to a narrow-angle and wide-angle observation state without moving a lens or the endoscope itself. The present invention relates to a stereoscopic endoscope having excellent observability, which can be used properly for different purposes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a stereoscopic endoscope, especially a stereoscopic rigid endoscope, comprises an objective optical system comprising a plurality of objective lenses for forming an object image and a transmission system comprising a plurality of relay lenses for transmitting the object image. The optical system includes an optical system, a pupil dividing unit that divides an image transmitted by the transmission optical system into right and left, an imaging optical system that observes or captures the two divided images, and a TV camera.

[0003]

By the way, during treatment of a predetermined diseased part in a living body, for example, a treatment tool deviating from the field of view and the overall positional relationship are observed using a stereoscopic endoscope. Sometimes you want to. In this case, when observing the affected part at a narrow angle, the treatment tool out of the field of view and the overall positional relationship are:
Observation cannot be performed unless the lens is moved to the wide-angle side or the entire endoscope is moved, and in some cases, the treatment of the affected part must be temporarily interrupted. This impairs the surgeon's concentration and reduces the efficiency of the operation.

Therefore, while performing treatment by stereoscopic narrow-angle observation using an objective optical system, in this state, it is desirable to move the treatment tool out of the field of view and the overall positional relationship without moving the lens or the endoscope itself. It is needless to say that accurate and efficient surgery can be performed if observation can be performed with high image quality. However, in the case where an observation means for realizing such an observation mode is provided, a mounting structure for optically and mechanically accurately and efficiently incorporating the observation means without increasing the outer diameter of the insertion portion of the endoscope. It is necessary to devise.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical system capable of selectively using a narrow angle and a wide angle without moving a lens or an endoscope itself. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic endoscope equipped with a system and a novel mounting structure for efficiently and accurately incorporating such an optical system.

[0006]

To achieve the above object, a stereoscopic endoscope according to the present invention comprises a pair of first and second objective optical systems for performing stereoscopic observation, and a first and a second objective optical system. 2
A third objective optical system capable of realizing an observation mode different from the observation mode by the objective optical system, and transmission optics shared by the three objective optical systems and collectively transmitting light from the three objective optical systems An insertion part having a system incorporated therein;
Or a spectroscopic unit for separating the light transmitted from the third objective optical system via the transmission optical system into three optical paths, and three coupling units provided respectively corresponding to the three optical paths separated by the spectral unit. An observation unit which is built in the image optical system and is connected to the base end of the insertion unit; and a first tubular member provided in the insertion unit and in which the first objective optical system is fixedly held. A second tubular member provided in the insertion portion and fixedly holding a second objective optical system therein; a third objective optical system provided in the insertion portion and fixed therein. A pair of position regulating members for supporting both ends of the first to third tubular members to fix the positional relationship between the three tubular members; and The position regulating member is inserted and fixed inside. A fourth tubular member in which the first to third tubular members are inserted and arranged in a predetermined positional relationship; a transmission optical system being fixedly held inside the insertion portion; And a fifth tubular member, wherein the fourth tubular member is inserted and fixed in the fifth tubular member.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 12 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of an insertion section of a stereoscopic endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the stereoscopic endoscope 1 includes an insertion section 2 and an observation section 3 connected to a base end of the insertion section 2.

The insertion section 2 comprises a tubular inner sheath 37 through which the observation optical system 2a is inserted and a tubular outer sheath 33 through which the inner sheath 37 is inserted. The longitudinal center axis of the inner sheath 37 is eccentric from the longitudinal center axis of the outer sheath 33, and thereby, between the sheaths 33 and 37,
As is clearly shown in FIG. 3, the cross section is approximately crescent (bow)
A space S <b> 1 is formed over the entire length of the sheaths 33 and 37. That is, this approximately crescent-shaped space S1 is
The upper part in the figure has a large cross-sectional area, and the cross-sectional area gradually decreases toward the lower part in the figure. In the space S1, a light guide (optical fiber) 35 as an illumination optical system for transmitting illumination light is provided in a filled state. Note that a cylindrical distal member 38 is screwed to the distal end of the inner sheath 37, and a cover glass 41 is held at the distal end of the distal member 38.

As clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 4,
The observation optical system housed and held in the inner sheath 37 performs a stereoscopic observation using a pair of left and right first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61 involved in stereoscopic observation, and these objective optical systems 60 and 61. A third objective optical system 62 for observing an area deviating from the observation field of view without moving the lens or the endoscope itself, and a first to third objective optical systems 6
And a common transmission optical system 52 for transmitting the images from 0, 61 and 62 collectively.

The first objective optical system 60 is composed of a plurality of objective lenses 60a, 60b,... Forming an object image, and is provided inside a first tubular member 48 extending along the longitudinal direction at the distal end side of the insertion section 2. It is contained and held. The second objective optical system 61 includes a plurality of objective lenses 61a for forming an object image,
61b, 61c, 61d,...
It is housed and held in a second tubular member 49 extending in parallel with 8. The diameter of the third objective optical system 62 is the first
And a plurality of objective lenses 62a, 62 smaller than those of the objective lenses forming the second objective optical systems 60, 61.
b, 62c... Further, the third objective optical system 62
Extends in parallel with the first and second tubular members 48, 49 and is housed and held in a third tubular member 50 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of these tubular members 48, 49. In the drawing, reference numeral 32 denotes a lens commonly used in the three objective optical systems 60, 61, and 62.

The transmission optical system 52 is composed of a plurality of relay lenses which are located at the base ends of the three objective optical systems 60, 61 and 62 and transmit an object image, and extend along the longitudinal direction of the insertion section 2. It is housed and held in an extending fifth tubular member 34. The fifth tubular member 34 has an inner diameter into which all of the first to third tubular members 48, 49, 50 can be inserted. The objective optical systems 60, 6 are moved beyond the distal end of the transmission optical system 52 so as to completely cover the tubular members 48, 49, 50 from the outside.
1, 62 side. That is, the first to third tubular members 48, 49, and 50 are inserted into the distal end portion of the fifth tubular member 34 on the distal end side of the transmission optical system 52.

To mechanically position the first to third tubular members 48, 49, 50 within the distal end of the fifth tubular member 34, and to optically position the objective optical systems 60, 61, 62. The first to third tubular members 4 are attached to the disc-shaped position regulating members 46, 46 fitted and fixed in the fourth tubular member 47.
The ends of 8, 49 and 50 are fixed, and the fourth tubular member 47 is fitted in the fifth tubular member 34 in this state. In this case, the position regulating members 46, 46 have three through holes 46a, 46b, 46c into which the ends of the first to third tubular members 48, 49, 50 are inserted, and are parallel to the optical axis. Na Z
The first to third tubular members 48, 49, 50 are collectively positioned in the directions and the XY directions perpendicular to the optical axis. Further, the fourth tubular member 47 also functions as a spacer for maintaining a predetermined interval between the objective optical systems 60, 61, and 62 and the transmission optical system 52.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61 are provided on both sides of a vertical plane P passing through the longitudinal center axis of the insertion section 2 and the filling amount of the light guide 35. The third objective optical system 62 is located on the lower side in the figure where the filling amount of the light guide 35 is small so as to straddle the vertical plane P. However, in order to provide more illumination light to the third objective optical system 62 which is smaller in diameter than the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61 and has poor image quality, the positional relationship shown in FIG. By inverting the position, the third objective optical system 62 may be positioned on the upper side in the figure where the filling amount of the light guide 35 is large as shown in FIG.

Next, the observation section 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 6, and 7. FIG.

As shown in the figure, the observation unit 3 includes an outer sheath 3
3 is provided with a first cover 30 fixedly connected to the base end. A cylindrical mounting member 3 is provided at the base end of the transmission optical system 52.
9 are fitted and fixed, and this mounting member 39 is, for example, three screws 130 arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction.
Is attached to the first cover 30 so as to be movable and adjustable in the Z direction (a direction parallel to the optical axis ... the same applies hereinafter).
A cylindrical connecting member 53 is fitted to the base end of the transmission optical system 52 at a position closer to the base end than the mounting member 39. The position of the connecting member 53 in the Z direction is adjusted via screws 131 screwed into the mounting member 39.

The connecting member 53 is provided with a holder 40 for holding a pair of prisms 10 and 12 constituting the spectral means. As shown in FIG. 8, the holding body 40 has a cylindrical connecting portion 40 connected to the connecting member 53.
a, and a rectangular holding portion 40b in which the pair of prisms 10 and 12 are fixedly held. The holding portion 40b is provided between the pair of parallel plate-like portions 149 and 150 and the pair of prisms 10 and 150.
12 are pinched. Also, each prism 10, 12
An approximately V-shaped space S2 is formed below the abutting portion by abutting the planar portions 11 formed by cutting off the edges thereof. In the space S2, a columnar lens 14 is adhered and fixed so as to contact the opposing surfaces of the prisms 10 and 12.

The pair of prisms 10 and 12 are connected to the left and right first prisms.
And the image transmitted from the second objective optical systems 60 and 61 via the common transmission optical system 52 is again divided into left and right,
First and second left and right imaging optical systems 155, 1 described below.
It functions as a pupil division unit that leads to 56. Also, lens 1
4 guides an image transmitted from the third objective optical system 62 via the transmission optical system 52 to a third imaging optical system 157 described below.

The holding member 40 is connected to the connecting member 53 via three screws 43 arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction so as to be movable and adjustable in XY directions (directions perpendicular to the optical axis... Installed. Specifically, the V-shaped groove 53
a is formed over the entire circumference of the connecting member 53, and three screws 43 screwed into the connecting portion 40 a of the holder 40.
Are engaged with the V-shaped groove 53a. Then, by adjusting the screwing amount of each screw 43 using the clearance (play) of the V-shaped groove 53a, the position of the holding body 40 is adjusted in the X and Y directions, and the prism held by the holding body 40 is adjusted. 10, 12 and each imaging optical system 155, 1 of lens 14
Centering with respect to 56 and 157 can be performed collectively, and the position in the optical axis direction can be fixed.

Left and right first and second imaging optical systems 15
5 and 156 each include a first optical system 22 that performs focusing and a second optical system 20 that determines magnification. These optical systems 20 and 22 are connected to the first cover 3.
The second cover 31 is water-tightly connected to the second cover 31 by a screw or the like, and is disposed inside the third cover 80 connected to the second cover 31.

The first optical system 22 includes a plurality of lenses and is held by the lens frame 17. Further, the lens frame 17 is fitted into the cylindrical holding member 15. First
The lens frame 17 can be moved in the optical axis direction with respect to the holding member 15 so that the position of the optical system 22 in the optical axis direction (Z direction) can be adjusted. 77. Also,
The holding member 15 is attached to the fixed member 78 integral with the first cover 30 so as to be movable and adjustable in the X and Y directions via, for example, three screws 19 arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. Specifically, a V-shaped groove 15a is formed over the entire circumference of the holding member 15, and the tips of three screws 19 screwed into the fixing member 78 are engaged with the V-shaped groove 15a. Then, the position of the holding member 15 is adjusted in the X and Y directions by adjusting the screwing amount of each screw 19 using the clearance (play) of the V-shaped groove 15 a, and the lens frame 17 is mounted on the holding member 15. The centering of the first optical system 22 held through the center can be performed.

The second optical system 20 includes a plurality of lenses held by a first lens frame 159 and a plurality of lenses held by a second lens frame 79.
The first lens frame 159 is fitted and inserted into the second lens frame 79, and the second lens frame 79 is connected and fixed to the fixing member 78. The first lens frame 15 is adjusted so that the position of the second optical system 20 in the optical axis direction (Z direction) can be adjusted.
Numeral 9 is movable in the optical axis direction with respect to the second lens frame 79, and its axial position is fixed by screws 161.

The third imaging optical system 157 has an optical system 76 composed of a plurality of lenses, and a prism 16 that receives light transmitted through the lens 14 and guides the light to the optical system 76. The prism 16 and the optical system 76 are connected to and fixed to the second cover 31 in a water-tight manner by screws or the like.
And a fifth cover 74 that is connected to the fourth cover 75 in a watertight manner.

The optical system 76 is held by a lens frame 169. Further, the lens frame 169 is inserted into the cylindrical holding member 70. The lens frame 169 can be moved in the optical axis direction with respect to the holding member 70 so that the position of the optical system 76 in the optical axis direction (Z direction) can be adjusted. Is to be fixed by. The holding member 70 is attached to the fourth cover 75 so as to be movable and adjustable in the XY directions via, for example, three screws 71 arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. Specifically, a V-shaped groove 70a is formed over the entire circumference of the holding member 70, and the tips of three screws 71 screwed into the fourth cover 75 engage with the V-shaped groove 70a. I have. The position of the holding member 70 is adjusted in the X and Y directions by adjusting the amount of screwing of each screw 71 using the clearance (play) of the V-shaped groove 70a, and the lens frame 169 is mounted on the holding member 70. The centering of the optical system 76 held through the center can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 9, a pair of connectors 8 receiving illumination light from two light sources are provided in the observation section 3.
2,82 are provided. As described above, the proximal end of the light guide 35 extending toward the insertion portion 2 is disposed in the connectors 82, 82 (see FIG. 6). Extends between the cover 30 and the inner sheath 37 into the insertion section 2.

As shown in FIG. 10, the observation section 3 includes:
A pair of camera heads 90 and 91 that are optically connected to the first and second imaging optical systems 155 and 156 are integrally mounted via a common camera adapter 110.
The camera adapter 110 is attached to the third cover 80 of the observation unit 3 via the connection adapter 84. A camera head having a CCD is also optically connected to the third imaging optical system 157 in the same manner.

In the housing of the camera adapter 110, two optical systems 96 and 97 provided corresponding to the first and second imaging optical systems 155 and 156, respectively, are connected to a common lens frame (moving body) 85. Is held. The lens frame 85 meshes with a rotating worm shaft (screw shaft) 88 via a screwing member 87. The worm shaft 88 extends so as to penetrate a substantially central portion of the lens frame 85, and partially supports the lens frame 85 while meshing with the lens frame 85. As shown in FIG. 11, a rotation preventing shaft 114 for preventing the rotation of the lens frame 85 due to the rotation of the worm shaft 88 penetrates the periphery of the lens frame 85. Therefore, the worm shaft 88
When rotates, the lens frame 85 moves in the optical axis direction without rotating.

The worm shaft 88 is integrally fixed to a spur gear 86, and the spur gear 86 meshes with a rotating shaft 112a of a motor 112 (see FIG. 11). Therefore, when the motor 112 is driven and the rotation shaft 112a rotates, the worm shaft 88 rotates via the spur gear 86, and the lens frame 85 moves in the optical axis direction.

When the lens frame 85 is moved in the optical axis direction and focused, the rotation preventing shaft 114 and the lens frame 85 are moved.
The lens frame 85 is provided with rattling preventing means so that the lens frame 85 does not rattle in the rotation direction due to the backlash. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, the anti-rattle means includes a guide shaft 95 for guiding the movement of the lens frame 85 in the optical axis direction, and a guide shaft 95 attached to the lens frame 85 and via a leaf spring 92. A pair of rotating rollers (rollers) 93 and 94 as bearing means pressed against the roller 95. That is, when the rotating rollers 93 and 94 are pressed against the guide shaft 95 in the rotating direction of the lens frame 85 by the urging force of the leaf spring 92, the lens frame 85 integrated with the rotating rollers 93 and 94 is backlashed in the rotating direction. Sticking is prevented. In the figure, 100,
Reference numeral 101 denotes an adjusting screw for centering the optical systems 96 and 97 by adjusting the position of the lens frame 85 in the XY directions.

For example, when observing a diseased part in a living body using the stereoscopic endoscope 1 configured as described above,
Illumination light supplied from a light source (not shown) to the observation unit 3 via the adapters 82 and 82 is transmitted through the light guide 35 and is irradiated from the distal end of the insertion unit 2 to an affected part, which is a subject. On the other hand, the reflected light (object light) from the affected part is
After being incident on each of the objective optical systems 60, 61, 62, it is transmitted to the observation section 3 side via the transmission optical system 52.

From the first objective optical system 60 to the transmission optical system 52
Transmitted through the end member 53 of the connecting member 53
b and through the inner hole 13 of the connecting portion 40a of the holder 40, and after being reflected by the first reflecting surface 10a and the second reflecting surface 10b of the first prism 10 (see FIG. 7), the first The light is guided to the imaging optical system 155. The light guided to the first imaging optical system 155 forms an image on an imaging surface 141 in front of the second optical system 20, then becomes afocal light, and becomes a lens cover 21 </ b> A of the camera adapter 110. The light is guided to the optical system 96 and further into the camera head 90, where the image is formed again (imaged) on the image forming plane of the CCD.

Similarly, the light transmitted from the second objective optical system 61 via the transmission optical system 52 is transmitted to the first reflection surface 11a and the second reflection surface 11b of the second prism 11.
(See FIG. 7), the second imaging optical system 156
After being formed on the image forming surface 141 in front of the second optical system 20, the light is converted into afocal light from the lens cover 21 </ b> B of the camera adapter 110 to the optical system 9.
7 and further into the camera head 91,
An image is formed again (imaged) on the image plane of the CCD. Therefore, a stereoscopic image of the affected part is clearly displayed on a monitor (not shown) connected to the camera heads 90 and 91.

On the other hand, the light transmitted from the third objective optical system 62 via the transmission optical system 52 travels through the end opening 53b of the connecting member 53 and the inner hole 13 of the connecting portion 40a of the holder 40. The light passes through the lens 14 and is guided to the prism 16. The light guided to the prism 16 is
After being reflected by the first reflection surface 16a and the second reflection surface 16b (see FIG. 6), the light is guided to the third imaging optical system 157. The light guided to the third imaging optical system 157 forms an image on an imaging surface 72 in front of the optical system 76, and then is guided as an afocal light into a camera head (not shown). An image is formed again (imaged) on the image plane of the CCD.

For example, when the display mode is switched on the monitor side during stereoscopic observation using the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61, the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61 are switched. , 61 can be switched to observation using the third imaging optical system 157. Alternatively, the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61
Observation using the third imaging optical system 157 can be performed in addition to stereoscopic observation using. Therefore, particularly when a predetermined affected part is being treated by stereoscopic narrow-angle observation using the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61, it is desirable to observe the treatment tool out of the field of view and the overall positional relationship. In this case, if the third imaging optical system 157 side is set to a wide angle, the display mode is simply switched without moving the lenses of the first and second imaging optical systems 155 and 156 and the endoscope itself. Only with this, it is possible to observe the treatment tool out of the field of view and the overall positional relationship with the desired high image quality through the third objective optical system 62 and the third imaging optical system 157. That is, it is possible to freely use the narrow angle and the wide angle in that state without moving the lens or the endoscope itself, and it is possible to perform an accurate and efficient operation.

As described above, the stereoscopic endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment is provided with the third objective optical system 62 in addition to the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61, so that In addition to realizing an observation mode in which a narrow angle and a wide angle can be freely used without moving the endoscope itself without moving the endoscope itself, the first to third objective optical systems 6 can be used.
0, 61, 62 are respectively fixed in the corresponding first to third tubular members 48, 49, 50, and both ends of the three tubular members 48, 49, 50 are connected to a pair of position regulating members 46, 46. Supported by tubular members 48, 49,
A fourth tubular member 47 into which the position regulating members 46 and 46 are inserted and fixed is fixed in the fifth tubular member 34 in which the transmission optical system 52 is fixedly held. It is fitted and fixed. Therefore, the objective optical systems 60, 61, and 62 can be used without increasing the outer diameter of the insertion section 2 of the endoscope 1.
Can be optically and mechanically accurately and efficiently incorporated into the insertion portion 2.

The stereoscopic endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment includes first and second prisms 10 and 12 corresponding to the first and second objective optical systems 60 and 61, and a third objective optical system. 6
Holder 4 for holding lens 14 corresponding to 2 collectively
The holder 40 is attached to the proximal end of the transmission optical system 52 so that the position of the holder 40 can be adjusted in the optical axis direction and in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Therefore, the assemblability of the optical system is improved.

In the stereoscopic endoscope 1 according to the present embodiment,
Since the backlash in the rotation direction of the lens frame 85 involved in the electric focus adjustment is prevented, it is possible to prevent the screen from being blurred during focusing.

FIGS. 13 to 17 show a second embodiment of the present invention. Since this embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Constituent members corresponding to the embodiment are denoted by “A” after the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment.

The stereoscopic endoscope of the present embodiment has a perspective optical system capable of observing a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction of the insertion section 2. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, the distal end of the insertion portion 2, that is, the distal end 33a of the tubular outer sheath 33A is oriented at a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction of the insertion portion 2. ing. Such a bent shape is formed, for example, by forming the distal end side of the outer sheath 33A into a conical shape and then cutting the outer sheath 33A perpendicularly to the observation direction. The distal end member 38A also has a bent shape corresponding to the shape of the distal end 33a of the outer sheath 33A. Such a bent shape is formed, for example, by cutting the distal end of the cylindrical body perpendicularly to the observation direction and processing the distal end into a cylindrical shape along an axis parallel to the observation direction. The illumination light guide 35 is sandwiched between the outer sheath 33A and the distal end member 38A, and is held in a state facing the observation direction.

The details of the tip member 38A are shown in FIG. FIG. 14A is a side view of the tip member 38A, and FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 14A. As shown in FIG.
03 is provided with two groove portions 304. These grooves 304 are not formed over the entire length of the distal end member 38A, extend from the end of the distal end member 38A on the observation section 3 side, and terminate at a portion that does not reach the distal end surface 305. In each groove 304, a light guide 306 separate from the light guide 35 for illumination is embedded. Each groove 304 is colored black, and a black adhesive is applied to the groove 304.
The light guide 306 is fixed so as to fill the space.
In addition, the distal end surface of the light guide 306 is not mirror-polished, which is applied to a normal light guide for illumination.
It is in a rough surface state as cut. The other end of the light guide 306 is disposed in a connector 82 that receives illumination light from a light source together with the light guide 35 for illumination. In the drawing, reference numerals 307a and 307b denote prisms commonly used in the three objective optical systems 60, 61 and 62, and have a function of changing a light beam from the observation direction into a light beam in the axial direction of the objective optical system. The other configuration of the insertion section 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Next, the observation section 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 16 shows F-
It is sectional drawing which follows the F line.

As shown in the figure, the holder 40 sandwiches the third prism 308 in addition to the pair of prisms 10 and 12, and the columnar lens 14 does not exist in the space S2. The third prism 308 converts the light beam transmitted from the third objective optical system 62 via the transmission optical system 52 and having passed through the space S2 into the first and second imaging optical systems 155, 15
Third imaging optical system 157 equidistant on the same plane as 6
Lead to. The third imaging optical system 157 includes an imaging lens 309
And the optical system 76, the imaging lens 309 is adhesively fixed to the fixing member 78, and the optical system 76 is
1 are arranged inside. The holding member 70 includes a screw 71
Thereby, it is attached to the fixed member 78 so as to be movable in the XY directions.

As shown in FIG. 17, the observation section 3 includes:
A pair of camera heads 90 and 91 that are optically connected to the first and second imaging optical systems 155 and 156 are integrally mounted via a common camera adapter 110.
The camera adapter 110 is connected via the connection adapter 84
It is attached to the third cover 80 of the observation unit 3.

The camera adapter 110 has an optical system 202 provided corresponding to the third imaging optical system 157 and an image sensor 203 for capturing an image of the optical system 202. These optical system 202 and image sensor 20
The third optical axis 206 is on a plane passing through the respective optical axes 204 and 205 of the two optical systems 96 and 97, and is located at the same distance from the optical axes 204 and 205. Note that the positions of the optical axis 206 of the optical system 202 and the image sensor 203 are
It is determined corresponding to the third imaging optical system 157. Also,
The image captured by the image sensor 203 is transmitted to a camera control unit (not shown) by a harness (not shown).

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

During the operation using the stereoscopic endoscope according to the present embodiment, the light of the light source emitted from the light guide 306 embedded in the groove 304 is scattered on the rough surface of the tip, and the filled black light is emitted. Heat is generated by hitting the adhesive and the black groove 304. The heat is transmitted to the cover glass 41 and raises the outer surface temperature of the cover glass 41.

When it is necessary to change the perspective observation direction and the relative positional relationship of the imaging device during the operation, first, the stereoscopic endoscope for oblique viewing of the present embodiment is detached from the connection adapter 84, and The stereoscopic endoscope may be turned upside down and attached to the connection adapter 84 again. In this case, since the positional relationship between the optical axes 204 and 205 of the optical systems 96 and 97, the optical system 202, and the optical axis 206 of the image sensor 203 is as described above, for example, the optical system passes through the first imaging optical system 155. The observation image that has entered the optical system 96 enters the optical system 97, and similarly, the second imaging optical system 156.
The observation image that has passed through the optical system 97 and has entered the optical system 97 is
Will be incident. On the other hand, the third imaging optical system 157
The observation image captured by the image sensor 203 through the optical system 202 is captured by the image sensor 203 again.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible not only to obtain the same operation and effect as in the first embodiment, but also to prevent the cover glass 41 from fogging. That is, since the outer surface of the cover glass 41 is always heated by the heat of the light emitted from the light guide 306, the endoscope is removed from the body to the outside to remove dirt attached to the outer surface of the cover glass 41. The cover glass 41 does not cool down while
It is possible to prevent the cover glass 41 from fogging when the endoscope is reinserted into the body. Further, since scattered light is emitted from the light guide 306, the amount of reflected light re-entering the light guide 306 is reduced. In addition, since the adhesive and the groove are black, light can be efficiently converted to heat. Thus, a desired amount of heat can be obtained with a small amount of light guide.

The three optical systems including the camera adapter 110, the camera heads 90 and 91, the optical system 202, the image sensor 203, and the like have the above-described arrangement configuration, and
Since the stereoscopic endoscope for perspective view is configured as a single camera, the observation direction can be easily changed by simply reversing the stereoscopic endoscope for perspective view after turning it upside down after removing the stereoscopic endoscope from the connection adapter 84. it can.

[0050]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A stereoscopic endoscope equipped with an optical system capable of selectively using a narrow angle and a wide angle without moving a lens or an endoscope itself, and a novel mounting structure for efficiently and accurately incorporating such an optical system. Can provide mirror.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a side cross-sectional view of an insertion section of a stereoscopic endoscope according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a distal end side of the insertion section of FIG. is there.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the distal end side of the insertion section of the stereoscopic endoscope of FIG. 1 in which an objective optical system of an observation optical system is accommodated, and FIG.
Is a cross-sectional view of the observation optical system portion where the transmission optical system is located,
(C) is a cross-sectional view of a portion on the observation unit side of the observation optical system where the transmission optical system is located.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 (b).

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view according to a modification of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of an observation unit of the stereoscopic endoscope in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an observation unit of the stereoscopic endoscope in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 7;

9 is a view in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 6;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a camera adapter of an observation unit of the stereoscopic endoscope in FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an internal configuration around a worm shaft of the camera adapter.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing an internal configuration around a guide shaft of the camera adapter.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a line end of a stereoscopic endoscope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

14A is a side view of a distal end member of the stereoscopic endoscope of FIG. 13, and FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of FIG.

15 is a cross-sectional view of an observation unit of the stereoscopic endoscope in FIG.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG. 15;

17 is a sectional view of a camera adapter of an observation unit of the stereoscopic endoscope in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Stereoscopic endoscope 2 ... Insertion part 3 ... Observation part 10 ... First prism 12 ... Second prism 14 ... Lens 34 ... Fifth tubular member 46 ... Position regulating member 47 ... Fourth tubular member 48 ... first tubular member 49 ... second tubular member 50 ... third tubular member 60 ... first objective optical system 61 ... second objective optical system 62 ... third objective optical system

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2H040 BA05 BA15 CA21 CA22 CA24 CA28 DA01 DA11 DA12 DA17 DA32 GA01 4C061 BB06 FF47 JJ06

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A pair of first and second objective optical systems for performing stereoscopic observation, and a third objective optical system capable of realizing an observation mode different from an observation mode using the first and second objective optical systems. A first optical system, a transmission optical system shared by these three objective optical systems, and a transmission optical system for transmitting light from the three objective optical systems collectively; a first to a third objective optical system; Means for separating the light transmitted through the transmission optical system from the light source into three optical paths, and three imaging optical systems provided respectively corresponding to the three optical paths separated by the spectral means. An observing section connected to the base end of the insertion section, a first tubular member provided in the insertion section, and a first objective optical system fixedly held therein; and A second objective optical system is fixedly held inside. A second tubular member held therein; a third tubular member provided in the insertion portion, in which a third objective optical system is fixedly held; and both end portions of the first to third tubular members And a pair of position restricting members for fixing the positional relationship between the three tubular members, and a pair of position restricting members provided in the insertion portion, and the position restricting members are fitted and fixed inside, so that A fourth tubular member into which the first to third tubular members are inserted and arranged in a predetermined positional relationship; a fifth tubular member provided in the insertion portion and having a transmission optical system fixedly held therein; A stereoscopic endoscope comprising: a fourth tubular member fitted and fixed in a fifth tubular member. A second prism provided corresponding to a first objective optical system; a second prism provided corresponding to a second objective optical system; and a third prism provided corresponding to a second objective optical system. The first and second prisms and the lens are integrally fixed to each other, and the first and second prisms and the lens are collectively The three-dimensional holding device according to claim 1, further comprising a holding member that holds the holding member, wherein the holding member is attached to a base end side of the transmission optical system so that the position of the holding member can be adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Endoscope. 3. A moving body that holds the imaging optical system and is movable in the optical axis direction, a guide shaft that guides the moving body in the optical axis direction, and that is attached to the moving body and moves. Bearing means positioned between the body and the guide shaft to assist sliding of the moving body along the guide shaft; and urging means for pressing the bearing means against the guide shaft in a rotational direction of the moving body. The stereoscopic endoscope according to claim 1, comprising: