JP2002150709A - Information recording method, device therefor and information recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to stably and continuously record information without being influenced by defective areas even when many defective areas exist on an information recording medium and to stably manage video information without loading on a recording/reproducing application soft layer. SOLUTION: A 1st recording unit (sector unit) to be recorded on an information storage medium and a 2nd recording unit larger than the 1st one are prepared and unused areas (3515, 3516) are defined on the final recording area of the 2nd recording unit (contiguous data area unit) so that the unused areas are used for recording information at the succeeding recording.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information recording method for continuously recording information such as video information and / or audio information on an information information storage medium without any logical interruption, and to enable the recording. And an information recording / reproducing apparatus.
The present invention also includes contents related to an information storage medium having a data structure for enabling information recorded based on the recording method to be continuously reproduced.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art LD (Laser Disk (registered trademark)) and DVD video disks exist as information storage media on which video information or audio information is recorded. However, the above-mentioned information storage medium is read-only, and there is no defective area on the information storage medium.

[0003] DVD-RAM disks exist as a medium for recording computer information. This medium can be additionally recorded, and an alternative processing method for a defective area generated on the information storage medium has been established.

[0004] As a method of replacing a defective area when computer information is recorded on a RAM disk, there is a method called linear replacement processing.

[0005] In this processing, when there is a defective area, a spare area in a spare area (Spare Area) secured in another area physically separated from the user area (User Area) is secured. This is a method of setting a logical block number (LBN). In this method, when information is recorded or reproduced on a disk, if an optical head has a defective area in the middle of recording or reproduction on the disk, data is recorded or recorded in a spare area at a physically separated position. And then return to the point where it left off and record the rest of the data. For this purpose, the optical head must be moved frequently (see FIG. 16D).

The department in charge of information processing and recording / reproduction of information in the computer system is a recording / reproduction application software (hereinafter abbreviated as a recording / reproduction application).
1 layer, file system (File System) 2 layers, optical disk drive (Optical Dis
k Drive; ODD) Three layers and a control layer are divided.

[0007] Commands serving as interfaces are defined between the respective layers. Also, addresses handled in each layer are different. In other words, the recording and playback application 1
Handles AVAddress, File System2 supports AV Add
ODD3 handles the logical sector number (BSN) based on the logical sector number (LSN) or logical block number (LBN).
N) and a physical sector number (PSN) based on a logical block number (LBN) (see FIG. 6).

[0008]

For example, consider the case where video information or audio information according to the recording format of a DVD video disc is recorded on a DVD-RAM disc. As mentioned above, as a defect handling (alternative) method,
In the case of performing the Linear Replacement process, when a defective ECC block is encountered during recording, the optical head needs to reciprocate between a User Area 723 and a Spare Area 724, which will be described later. If the access operation of the optical head is frequently performed at the time of recording as described above, the amount of video information stored in the buffer memory is determined due to the relationship between the transfer speed and amount of input data, the access time for recording, and the capacity of the buffer memory. Exceeds the memory capacity, making continuous recording impossible.

[0009] In addition, recording and playback application software 1
In the layer, we want to manage the video information to be recorded without being bothered by the defect management on the information storage medium. However, if a large number of defect areas occur on the information storage medium, the conventional method uses recording and playback application software. The effect of a defect on the information storage medium spreads to the layer 1, and stable video information management becomes difficult. For this reason, there is a demand for easy management of recording units and file units.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to facilitate management of files recorded on an information storage medium, management of recording data units, and simplification of additional recording processing and remaining amount management. It is an object of the present invention to provide an information recording method and apparatus and an information storage medium which can be used.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a head for providing recording information to an information recording medium, and a head for moving the head with respect to the information recording medium. An information recording method using a moving mechanism and a control unit that controls the head moving mechanism to control the moving position of the head, and provides the recording information to the head to realize information recording on the information recording medium. is there. Here, at least a plurality of logical sectors are allocated to the information recording medium, management information and input information are defined as a type of the recording information, and a file is defined as a management unit of the input information and is included in the file. An extent is defined as a management unit for continuous recording,
An error correction block which is a positive multiple of the logical sector is defined as a management unit included in the extent, and file management information for managing the file is defined as the management information. File entry information indicating the entry position of the file is defined as the included information, and file size information indicating the overall information length of the file is defined as the information included in the file entry information.

The information recording medium is provided with a file management information area for recording the file management information, and a file entry information area for recording the file entry information is provided in the file management information area. A file size area for recording the file size information is provided in the entry information recording area, and the control unit records the file size information in the file size area after recording the input information. .

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows typical features of the present invention. In each of the drawings, the reference numerals are described in blocks. The present invention has the following features. That is, first, the schematic structure of the information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 2, the information reproducing apparatus or the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103 is mainly composed of two blocks. An information reproducing unit or an information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101 rotates an information storage medium (optical disc) and uses an optical head to record the information storage medium (optical disc).
Has a function of reading information that has been recorded in advance (or recording new information on an information storage medium (optical disc)). Specifically, a spindle motor for rotating an information storage medium (optical disk), an optical head for reproducing information recorded on the information storage medium (optical disk), and an information storage medium (optical disk) on which information to be reproduced is recorded
It comprises an optical head moving mechanism for moving the optical head to the upper radial position, various servo circuits, and the like. The detailed description of this block using FIG. 3 will be described later.

Application component (application block)
Reference numeral 102 functions to process the reproduction signal c obtained from the information reproducing unit or the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101 and transmit the reproduction information a to the outside of the information reproducing apparatus or the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103. The configuration in this block changes according to the specific use (purpose of use) of the information reproducing apparatus or the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103. The configuration of the application component (application block) 102 will also be described later.

In the case of an information recording / reproducing apparatus, the recording information b given from outside is recorded on an information storage medium (optical disk) in the following procedure.

The recording information b given from the outside is directly transferred to the application component (application block) 102.

After processing the recording information b in the application configuration section (application block) 102, the recording signal d is transmitted to the information recording / reproducing section (physical system block) 101.

The transmitted recording signal d is recorded on the information storage medium in the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) 101.

Next, the internal structure of the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 103 will be described.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

Explanation of the basic function of the information recording / reproducing unit.

The information recording / reproducing section records or rewrites (including erasing information) new information at a predetermined position on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by using a focused spot of a laser beam. Further, from a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201, using a focused spot of a laser beam,
Reproduction of information already recorded is performed.

Explanation of the means for achieving the basic function of the information recording / reproducing unit.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned basic function, the information recording / reproducing section traces (follows) a converging spot along a track on the information storage medium 201. The recording / reproducing / erasing of information is switched by changing the light amount (intensity) of the condensed spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201. The recording signal d supplied from the outside is converted into an optimum signal for recording at a high density and a low error rate.

Explanation of the structure of the mechanism part and the operation of the detection part.

<Basic Structure of Optical Head 202 and Signal Detection Circuit><Signal Detection by Optical Head 202>
Basically, it is composed of a semiconductor laser element as a light source, a photodetector, and an objective lens. Laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser element is focused on an information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by an objective lens. Information storage medium 2
The laser beam reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of No. 01 is photoelectrically converted by a photodetector.

The detection current obtained by the photodetector is
The current-to-voltage conversion by 13 generates a detection signal. This detection signal is supplied to the focus / track error detection circuit 21.
The signal is processed by the 7 or binarization circuit 212.

Generally, the photodetector is divided into a plurality of photodetection areas, and individually detects a change in the amount of light applied to each photodetection area. The focus / track error detection circuit 217 calculates the sum / difference of the individual detection signals to detect a focus shift and a track shift.
After the focus shift and the track shift are substantially removed by this detection and the servo operation, the information storage medium 201
A change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflection film or the light reflection recording film is detected, and a signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced.

<Method of Detecting Defocus> There are, for example, the following methods for optically detecting the amount of defocus: [astigmatism method]... The light reflecting film or light reflecting property of the information storage medium 201. In this method, an optical element (not shown) that generates astigmatism is arranged in a detection optical path of the laser light reflected by the recording film, and a change in the shape of the laser light irradiated on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, focus
In the track error detection circuit 217, the sum of the signals from the diagonally detected areas is calculated, and the difference between the sums is calculated to obtain the focus error detection signal.

[Knife edge method] ... information storage medium 201
This is a method of arranging a knife edge that asymmetrically shields a part of the laser light reflected by the above. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a difference between detection signals obtained from each detection area is obtained to obtain a focus error detection signal.

Usually, either the astigmatism method or the knife edge method is employed.

<Track Shift Detection Method> The information storage medium (optical disc) 201 has a spiral or concentric track, and information is recorded on the track. Information is reproduced or recorded / erased by tracing the converged spot along this track. In order to stably trace the focused spot along the track, it is necessary to optically detect the relative displacement between the track and the focused spot.

The following method is generally used as a method for detecting a track shift: [Differential Phase Detection Method]
... A change in intensity distribution of laser light reflected by the light reflection film or the light reflection recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into four on a diagonal line. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, the sum of the signals from the detection areas on the diagonal in the focus / track error detection circuit 217 is obtained, and the difference between the sums is obtained to obtain the track error detection signal.

[Push-Pull method]... A change in the intensity distribution of the laser beam reflected by the information storage medium 1201 on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a track error detection signal is obtained by taking the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection area.

[Twin-Spot Method] A diffractive element or the like is arranged in a light transmission system between the semiconductor laser device and the information storage medium 201 to split the light into a plurality of wavefronts and irradiate the information storage medium 201. The change in the reflected light amount of the ± 1st-order diffracted light is detected. A light detection area for individually detecting the reflected light amount of the + 1st-order diffracted light and the reflected light amount of the -1st-order diffracted light is arranged separately from the light detection area for detecting the reproduction signal. Get.

<Objective Lens Actuator Structure> The laser beam emitted from the semiconductor laser device is transmitted to the information storage medium 20.
The objective lens (not shown) for condensing light on the first lens 1 is driven in accordance with the output current of the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.
It has a structure that can be moved in the axial direction. There are the following two moving directions of the objective lens. In other words, the direction moves in the direction perpendicular to the information storage medium 201 for focus shift correction, and moves in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201 for track shift correction.

The objective lens moving mechanism (not shown) is called an objective lens actuator. For example, the following are often used as the objective lens actuator structure: [Axis sliding method]: A method in which a blade integrated with the objective lens moves along a central axis (shaft), and the blade is moved to the central axis. Move along the direction to correct the focus shift,
This is a method for correcting track deviation by rotating the blade with respect to the center axis.

[Four-wire system] The blade integrated with the objective lens is connected to the fixed system by four wires.
This is a method of moving a blade in two axial directions by utilizing elastic deformation of a wire.

Each of the above methods has a structure in which a permanent magnet and a coil are provided, and the blade is moved by passing an electric current through a coil connected to the blade.

<Rotation control system of information storage medium 201> An information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on a rotary table 221 which is rotated by a driving force of a spindle motor 204.

The number of rotations of the information storage medium 10 is detected based on a reproduction signal obtained from the information storage medium 201. That is, the detection signal (analog signal) output from the amplifier 213 is converted into a digital signal by the binarization circuit 212, and a fixed cycle signal (reference clock signal) is generated from the signal by the PLL circuit 211. The information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 detects the number of rotations of the information storage medium 201 using this signal and outputs the value.

A correspondence table of the number of rotations of the information storage medium corresponding to the radial position to be reproduced or recorded / erased on the information storage medium 201 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 in advance. When the reproduction position or the recording / erasing position is determined, the control unit 220 sets the target rotation speed of the information storage medium 201 with reference to the information of the semiconductor memory 219, and notifies the spindle motor drive circuit 215 of the value.

The spindle motor drive circuit 215 obtains a difference between the target rotation speed and the output signal (current rotation speed) of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214, and outputs a drive current according to the result to the spindle motor 204. To control the rotation speed of the spindle motor 204 to be constant. The output signal of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 is a pulse signal having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the information storage medium 201,
In step 5, control (frequency control and phase control) is performed on both the frequency and the pulse phase of the pulse signal.

<Optical Head Moving Mechanism> This mechanism has an optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203 for moving the optical head 202 in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201.

As a guide mechanism for moving the optical head 202, a rod-shaped guide shaft is often used.
In this guide mechanism, this guide shaft and the optical head 2
The optical head 202 is moved by using friction between bushes attached to a part of the optical head 202. In addition, there is a method of using a bearing in which a frictional force is reduced by using a rotary motion.

Although a driving force transmitting method for moving the optical head 202 is not shown, a rotating motor having a pinion (rotating gear) is arranged in a fixed system, and a rack, which is a linear gear meshing with the pinion, is optically moved. The optical head 202 is arranged on the side surface of the head 202 to convert the rotational motion of the rotary motor into a linear motion of the optical head 202. As another driving force transmission method, a linear motor system in which a permanent magnet is arranged in a fixed system and an electric current is applied to a coil arranged in the optical head 202 to move the coil in a linear direction may be used.

In both the rotary motor and the linear motor, basically, a current is supplied to the feed motor to
A driving force for two movements is generated. This drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216.

<Functions of Each Control Circuit><Condensed Spot Trace Control> In order to perform focus shift correction or track shift correction, the inside of the optical head 202 according to the output signal (detection signal) of the focus / track error detection circuit 217. A circuit for supplying a drive current to an objective lens actuator (not shown) is an objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. This drive circuit 218
Has an internal phase compensation circuit for improving characteristics in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the objective lens actuator in order to make the movement of the objective lens respond at high speed to a high frequency region.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Then, in response to a command from the control unit 220, (a) on / off processing of a focus / track deviation correction operation (focus / track loop); and (b) an objective lens in the vertical direction (focus direction) of the information storage medium 201. (C) moving the objective lens at a low speed (executed when the focus / track loop is off); and (c) using an kick pulse to slightly move the objective lens in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201 (the direction across the track) to collect light. And moving the spot to an adjacent track.

<Laser Light Amount Control><Switching Processing Between Reproduction and Recording / Erase> Switching between reproduction and recording / erase is performed by changing the light amount of a converging spot irradiated onto the information storage medium 201.

For an information storage medium using the phase change method, the following relationship is generally established: [light quantity at the time of recording]> [light quantity at the time of erasing]> [light quantity at the time of reproduction]. For an information storage medium using a magnetic system, there is generally a relationship of [light quantity at the time of recording] ≒ [light quantity at the time of erasing]> [light quantity at the time of reproduction] (2). In the case of the magneto-optical system, the recording and erasing processes are controlled by changing the polarity of an external magnetic field (not shown) applied to the information storage medium 201 during recording / erasing.

At the time of reproducing information, the information storage medium 201 is continuously irradiated with a constant amount of light.

When recording new information, a pulsed intermittent light amount is added to the light amount at the time of reproduction. When the semiconductor laser element emits a pulse with a large amount of light, the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201 locally causes an optical change or a shape change, and a recording mark is formed. Similarly, when overwriting an area already recorded, the semiconductor laser element is caused to emit pulse light.

When erasing already recorded information, a constant light amount larger than that at the time of reproduction is continuously irradiated. In the case where information is continuously erased, the irradiation light amount is returned at the time of reproduction in a specific cycle such as a sector unit, and the information is intermittently reproduced in parallel with the erasing process. Thus, the erasing process is performed while confirming that there is no error in the erasing track by reproducing the track number or address of the track to be erased intermittently.

<Laser Emission Control> Although not shown, the optical head 202 has a built-in photodetector for detecting the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element. In the laser driving circuit 205, the photodetector output (detection signal of the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element) and the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 2
The difference from the light emission reference signal given from step 06 is obtained, and the drive current to the semiconductor laser is feedback-controlled based on the result.

<Various Operations Related to Control System of Mechanism><StartupControl> When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on the turntable 221 and the startup control is started, processing according to the following procedure is performed. Will be

(1) The target rotation speed is transmitted from the control unit 220 to the spindle motor drive circuit 215, and a drive current is supplied from the spindle motor drive circuit 215 to the spindle motor 204, and the spindle motor 204 starts rotating.

(2) At the same time, a command (execution command) is issued from the control unit 220 to the feed motor drive circuit 216, and a drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216 to the optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 203. Then, the optical head 202 moves to the innermost position of the information storage medium 10.
As a result, it is confirmed that the optical head 202 is located further inward of the information storage medium 201 beyond the area where the information is recorded.

(3) When the spindle motor 204 reaches the target rotation speed, its status (status report) is sent to the control unit 220.

(4) A current is supplied from the semiconductor laser driving circuit 205 to the semiconductor laser element in the optical head 202 in accordance with the reproduced light amount signal sent from the control section 220 to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206. Then, laser emission starts.

Note that the information storage medium (optical disk) 201
The optimal irradiation light amount at the time of reproduction differs depending on the type. At the time of startup, the current value supplied to the semiconductor laser device is set to a value corresponding to the lowest value of the irradiation light amount.

(5) In accordance with a command from the control unit 220, the objective lens (not shown) in the optical head 202 is shifted to a position farthest from the information storage medium 201, and the objective lens is slowly brought close to the information storage medium 201. The objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 controls the objective lens.

(6) At the same time, the focus / track error detection circuit 217 monitors the amount of defocus, and outputs a status when the objective lens comes close to the in-focus position. This is notified to the control unit 220.

(7) Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the focus loop.

(8) The control section 220 issues a command to the feed motor drive circuit 216 while keeping the focus loop on, and slowly moves the optical head 202 to the information storage medium 20.
1 is moved toward the outer peripheral portion.

(9) At the same time, the reproduction signal from the optical head 202 is monitored, and the optical head 202
When the upper recording area is reached, the optical head 202 stops moving and a command to turn on the track loop is issued to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.

(10) Subsequently, the “optimum light quantity at the time of reproduction” and the “optimum light quantity at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the inner peripheral portion of the information storage medium 201 are reproduced, and the information is stored in the control unit 2.
The data is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 via the memory 20.

(11) Further, the control unit 220 sends a signal corresponding to the “optimum light amount at the time of reproduction” to the recording / reproduction / erase control waveform generation circuit 206 to reset the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of reproduction. I do.

(12) The light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of recording / erasing is set in accordance with the “optimum light amount at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the information storage medium 201.

<Access Control> Information about where the access destination information recorded on the information storage medium 201 is recorded and what kind of content the reproduction destination information storage medium 201 has is described in the information storage medium 201. It depends on the type. For example, in a DVD disk, this information is recorded in a directory management area or a navigation pack in the information storage medium 201.

Here, the directory management area is usually recorded collectively in the inner peripheral area or the outer peripheral area of the information storage medium 201. Also, the navigation pack,
Recorded in a VOBU (Video Object Unit) data unit in a VOBS (Video Object Set) conforming to the data structure of the MPEG2 PS (Program Stream) and records information on where the next video is recorded are doing.

When it is desired to reproduce or record / delete specific information, the information in the above-mentioned area is reproduced first, and the access destination is determined from the obtained information.

<Coarse Access Control> The control unit 220 calculates the radius position of the access destination by calculation, and
Calculate the distance between the position.

The speed curve information which can be reached in the shortest time with respect to the moving distance of the optical head 202 is stored in advance in the semiconductor memory 21.
9 are recorded. The control unit 220 reads the information, and according to the speed curve, uses the optical head 2 in the following method.
02 movement control is performed.

That is, after the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop, the feed motor drive circuit 21
6 to start the movement of the optical head 202.

When the focused spot crosses a track on the information storage medium 201, a track error detection signal is generated in the focus / track error detection circuit 217. Using this track error detection signal, the relative speed of the focused spot with respect to the information storage medium 201 can be detected.

The feed motor drive circuit 216 calculates the difference between the relative speed of the condensed spot obtained from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 and the target speed information sent one by one from the control unit 220. The optical head 202 is moved while performing feedback control on the drive current to the drive mechanism (feed motor) 203.

As described in the section <Optical head moving mechanism>, frictional force always acts between the guide shaft and the bush or bearing. Dynamic friction acts when the optical head 202 is moving at high speed, but static friction acts at the start and immediately before the stop because the moving speed of the optical head 202 is low. When this static friction acts (particularly immediately before stopping), the frictional force is relatively increasing. To cope with this increase in frictional force, an optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 20
3 so that the current supplied to the control unit 220 increases.
Increases the gain (gain) of the control system in response to a command from.

<Fine Access Control> When the optical head 202 reaches the target position, the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the track loop.

The focused spot reproduces the address or the track number of that portion while tracing along the track on the information storage medium 201.

The current focus spot position is determined from the address or track number, the number of error tracks from the target position is calculated in the control unit 220, and the number of tracks required for moving the focus spot is determined by the objective lens actuator. Notify the drive circuit 218.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
When a set of kick pulses is generated within the above, the objective lens slightly moves in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201, and the focused spot moves to an adjacent track.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Inside, the track loop is temporarily turned off and the control unit 2
After the number of kick pulses generated according to the information from 20 is generated, the track loop is turned on again.

After the end of the fine access, the control unit 220 reproduces information (address or track number) of the position where the focused spot is traced, and confirms that the target track is being accessed.

<Continuous Recording / Reproduction / Erase Control> The track error detection signal output from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 is input to the feed motor drive circuit 216. During the “start control” and the “access control”, the control unit 220 controls the feed motor drive circuit 216 so as not to use the track error detection signal.

After confirming that the focused spot has reached the target track by accessing, a part of the track error detection signal is transmitted to the optical head driving mechanism (feeding section) via the motor driving circuit 216 by a command from the control section 220. Motor 203 is supplied as a drive current. This control is continued during the period in which the reproduction or the recording / erasing process is continuously performed.

The center position of the information storage medium 201 is mounted with an eccentricity slightly shifted from the center position of the turntable 221. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current, the entire optical head 202 slightly moves in accordance with the eccentricity.

When the reproduction or recording / erasing process is continuously performed for a long time, the position of the converging spot gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current to the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203, the optical head 20
2 gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction.

In this way, the track loop can be stabilized by reducing the burden of correcting the track shift of the objective lens actuator.

<End Control> When a series of processing is completed and the operation is to be ended, the processing is performed according to the following procedure.

(1) The control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop.

(2) The controller 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the focus loop.

(3) The control section 220 issues a command to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206 to stop the light emission of the semiconductor laser element.

(4) The spindle motor drive circuit 215 is notified of 0 as a reference rotation speed.

<Flow of Recorded / Reproduced Signal to / from Information Storage Medium><Flow of Signal During Reproduction><Binarization / PLL Circuit> As described earlier in <Signal Detection by Optical Head 202> A signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflection film or the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201. The signal obtained by the amplifier 213 has an analog waveform. The binarization circuit 212 uses a comparator to convert the analog signal into a binary digital signal consisting of “1” and “0”.

From the reproduction signal obtained by the binarization circuit 212, a reference signal at the time of information reproduction is extracted in the PLL circuit 211. That is, the PLL circuit 211 has a built-in variable frequency oscillator, and outputs a pulse signal (reference clock) output from the oscillator to the binarizing circuit 21.
A comparison of frequency and phase is made between the two output signals. By feeding back the comparison result to the oscillator output, a reference signal at the time of information reproduction is extracted.

<Demodulation of Signal> The demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table indicating the relationship between the modulated signal and the demodulated signal. The demodulation circuit 210 is a PLL circuit 21
The input signal (modulated signal) is returned to the original signal (demodulated signal) while referring to the conversion table in accordance with the reference clock obtained in step 1. The demodulated signal is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

<Error Correction Processing> Error Correction Circuit 209
, An error point is detected for the signal stored in the semiconductor memory 219 using the inner code PI and the outer code PO, and a pointer flag of the error point is set. Thereafter, while reading the signal from the semiconductor memory 219, the signal at the error location is sequentially corrected in accordance with the error pointer flag, and the corrected information is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 again.

When the information reproduced from the information storage medium 201 is externally output as a reproduction signal c, the inner code PI and the outer code PO are removed from the error-corrected information recorded in the semiconductor memory 219, and the bus line 224 is output. Is transferred to the data I / O interface 222 via. The data I / O interface 222 outputs the signal sent from the error correction circuit 209 as a reproduction signal c.

<Signal Format Recorded on Information Storage Medium 201> Signals recorded on the information storage medium 201 are required to satisfy the following: (a) On the information storage medium 201 (B) To simplify the reproduction processing circuit by setting the DC component of the reproduction signal to "0"; (c) For the information storage medium 201 Record information as densely as possible.

In order to satisfy the above requirements, the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) has “addition of an error correction function”.
And "signal conversion (modulation / demodulation of signal) for recorded information".

<Signal Flow During Recording><Error Correction Code ECC Addition Processing> The error correction code ECC addition processing will be described. Information storage medium 201
Is input to the data I / O interface 222 in the form of a raw signal. This recording signal d
Is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 as it is. Thereafter, the following ECC addition processing is executed in the ECC encoder 208.

A specific example of the ECC adding method using the product code will be described below.

The recording signal d is stored in the semiconductor memory 219.
One line is sequentially arranged every 172 bytes.
A set of ECC blocks (172 byte rows × 192)
The amount of information is about 32 kbytes in a byte string). For a raw signal (recording signal d) in a set of ECC blocks composed of “172 byte rows × 192 byte columns”, 1
A 10-byte inner code PI is calculated for each row of 72 bytes and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219. Further, a 16-byte outer code PO is calculated for each column in byte units and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

Then, 12 rows (12 × (172 + 10) bytes) including the 10-byte inner code PI and the outer code P
A total of 23 for one row of O (1 × (172 + 10) bytes)
The information subjected to the error correction code ECC addition processing is recorded in one sector of the information storage medium 10 in units of 66 bytes (= (12 + 1) × (172 + 10)).

When the addition of the inner code PI and the outer code PO is completed, the ECC encoder 208 temporarily transfers the information to the semiconductor memory 219. When information is recorded on the information storage medium 201, a signal of 2366 bytes for one sector is transferred from the semiconductor memory 219 to the modulation circuit 207.

<Signal Modulation> The DC component (DS
V: Digital Sum Value or Digital Sum Variati
On) is approached to “0”, and signal modulation, which is conversion of a signal format, is performed in the modulation circuit 207 in order to record information on the information storage medium 201 at high density. Each of the modulation circuit 207 and the demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table indicating a relationship between an original signal and a signal after modulation.

The modulation circuit 207 includes the ECC encoder 20
8 is divided into a plurality of bits according to a predetermined modulation scheme, and converted into another signal (code) with reference to the conversion table. For example, when 8/16 modulation (RLL (2, 10) code) is used as a modulation method, there are two types of conversion tables, one for each reference so that the DC component (DSV) after modulation approaches 0. Switching the conversion table.

<Recording Waveform Generation> When recording marks are recorded on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201, generally,
The following recording methods are used: [Mark length recording method] A method in which "1" comes at the front end position and the rear terminal position of a recording mark.

[Recording method between marks] A recording mark whose center position coincides with the position of "1".

In the case of adopting mark length recording, it is necessary to form a relatively long recording mark. In this case, if a large amount of light for recording is continuously irradiated on the information storage medium 10 for a certain period or more, only the rear portion of the mark is widened due to the heat storage effect of the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201, and the “raindrop” shape recording is performed. Marks are formed. In order to eliminate this adverse effect, when forming a long recording mark, measures such as dividing the recording laser drive signal into a plurality of recording pulses or changing the recording waveform of the recording laser in a step-like manner. Is adopted.

Recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206
Inside, the above-described recording waveform is created according to the recording signal sent from the modulation circuit 207, and a drive signal having this recording waveform is sent to the semiconductor laser drive circuit 205.

Next, the flow of signals between blocks in the recording / reproducing apparatus will be summarized.

1) Input of raw signal to be recorded to information recording / reproducing device Information storage medium (optical disk) 20 in information recording / reproducing device
1 illustrates a configuration in an information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) in which portions related to information recording and reproduction processing for the information unit 1 are combined. PC (personal computer) and EW
The recording signal d sent from a host computer such as S (Engineering Workstation)
The information is input into the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101 via the / O interface 222.

2) Division processing of recording signal d every 2048 bytes The data I / O interface 222 divides the recording signal d into 2048 bytes in a time-series manner.
After adding 0 or the like, scramble processing is performed. The resulting signal is sent to ECC encoder 208.

3) Creation of ECC Block The ECC encoder 208 collects 16 sets of signals obtained by scrambling the recording signal, creates a block of “172 bytes × 192 columns”, and then creates an inner code PI (internal code). Parity code) and outer code PO (external parity code)
Is added.

4) Interleave Processing The ECC encoder 208 thereafter performs interleave processing of the outer code PO.

5) Signal Modulation Processing The modulation circuit 207 modulates the signal after the interleaving of the outer code PO and adds a synchronization code.

6) Recording Waveform Generation Processing A recording / reproduction / erase control waveform generation circuit 206 generates a recording waveform corresponding to the signal obtained as a result, and the recording waveform is sent to the laser drive circuit 205.

Information storage medium (DVD-RAM disk)
In 201, since the method of “mark length recording” is adopted, the rising timing of the recording pulse and the falling timing of the recording pulse coincide with the “1” timing of the modulated signal.

7) Recording process on the information storage medium (optical disc) 10.

The amount of laser light emitted from the optical head 202 and condensed on the recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 changes intermittently to change the information storage medium (optical disk).
A recording mark is formed on the recording film 201.

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the application, the file system, and the ODD necessary for the description of the embodiment of the present invention.

The information recording / reproducing device (ODD: Opti
cal Disk Drive) 3 is the same as the information recording / reproducing device 140 of the PC system (described later).

The programs of both the File System 2 and the recording / playback application software (recording / reproducing application) 1 shown in FIG. 6 are normally stored in the HDD 121 in the PC system. Forwarded to 112,
When the recording / playback application software program is used, the program of the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 is transferred to the main memory 112.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of a personal computer system using an information reproducing apparatus.

A: Description of the internal structure of a general personal computer system 110.

A-1. Data / address line directly connected to the main CPU.

The main CPU 111 in the personal computer 110 has a memory data line 114 for directly inputting / outputting information to / from the main memory 112 and a memory address line 113 for designating an address of information recorded in the main memory 112. Holding, main memory 11
2 according to the program loaded in the main CPU 1
The execution process of No. 11 proceeds. Further, the main CPU 111
Information is transferred to and from various controllers via the O data line 146, and an information transfer destination controller is specified and information to be transferred is specified by addressing the I / O address line 145.

A-2. Description of CRT display control and keyboard control.

The LCD controller 115 for controlling the display contents of the CRT display 116 exchanges information between the main CPUs 111 via the memory data line 114. To achieve higher resolution and rich expression colors,
Video RA as memory dedicated to RT display 116
M117 is provided. The LCD controller 115 is connected to the main memory 11 via the memory data line 114.
2 can be input directly and displayed on the CRT display 116.

Numeric keypad information input from the keyboard 119 is converted by the keyboard
Main CPU 111 via the / O data line 146
Is input to

A-3: Description of the control system of the built-in HDD / information reproducing device.

The HDD 121 and the CD-ROM drive / DVD-
An optical information reproducing apparatus 122 such as a ROM drive often uses an IDE interface. HDD
121 or playback information from the information playback device 122, or H
Information recorded on the DD 121 is stored in the IDE controller 120.
Is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via

Particularly, when the HDD 121 is used as a boot disk, the personal computer system 11
At the time of startup, the main CPU 111 accesses the HDD 121 and necessary information is transferred to the main memory 112.

A-4: Description of external serial / parallel interface

Personal computer system 110
A serial line and a parallel line are provided for information transfer with an external device.

A parallel I / F controller 123 for controlling a parallel line typified by “Centro” is used, for example, when driving a printer 124 or a scanner 125 directly without passing through a network. Scanner 1
The information transferred from 25 is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the parallel I / F controller 123. Information transferred on the I / O data line 146 is transferred to the printer 124 via the parallel I / F controller 123.

For example, information in the video RAM 117 displayed on the CRT display 116 or the main memory 1
To print out the specific information in the I / O data line 12, the information is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the main CPU 111, and then transferred to the parallel I / F controller 1.
The protocol is converted at 23 and output to the printer 124.

With respect to the serial information output to the outside, the information transferred on the I / O data line 146 is protocol-converted by the serial I / F controller 130, and is output as, for example, an RS-232C signal e.

A-5. Description of function expansion bus line.

Personal computer system 110
Has various bus lines for function expansion. A desktop personal computer often has a PCI bus 133 and an EISA bus 126 as bus lines. Each bus line is connected to the I / O data line 146 and the I / O address line 1 via the PCI bus controller 143 or the EISA bus controller 144.
45. Various boards connected to the bus line include a dedicated board for the EISA bus 126 and a PCI bus 13
It is divided into three dedicated boards. Relatively PCI bus 133
Is more suitable for high-speed transfer, the number of boards connected to the PCI bus 133 is increased in the figure, but is not limited thereto.
It is also possible to connect the AN board 139 or the SCSI board 138 to the EISA bus 126.

A-6. Brief description of functions of various boards connected to the bus line.

Sound blaster board 127: The sound signal input from the microphone 128 is converted into digital information by the sound blaster board 127, and EISA
The main memory 112, the HDD 121, and the information recording / reproducing device 14 via the bus 126 and the I / O data line 146.
It is input to 0 and processed. If the user wants to listen to music or voice, the HDDs 121 and 141, the information reproducing device 122,
By designating a file name recorded in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 by a user, the digital sound source signal is
The data is transferred to the sound blaster board 127 via the O data line 146 and the EISA bus 126, is converted into an analog signal, and is output from the speaker 129.

Dedicated DSP 137: If it is desired to execute a particular special process at a high speed, a DSP 137 board dedicated to that process can be connected to the bus line.

SCSI interface: A SCSI interface is often used for inputting and outputting information to and from an external storage device. S which is input / output to / from an external storage device such as an information backup MT (magnetic tape) 142, an externally mounted HDD 141, and an information recording / reproducing device 140
The CSI format information is transferred to the PCI bus 133 or EI
Protocol conversion and transfer information format conversion for transfer to the SA bus 126 are executed in the SCSI board 138.

Information compression / expansion dedicated board: Multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images is compressed to HD
D121, 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140 (information reproducing device 122). The information recorded on the HDDs 121 and 141, the information recording / reproducing device 140, and the information reproducing device 122 is decompressed and displayed on the CRT display 116, or the speaker 129 is driven. Also microphone 12
8 compresses information such as audio signals input from
21 and 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140.

Various dedicated boards are responsible for the information compression / decompression function. Audio / video signals are compressed / expanded by the audio encoding / decoding board 136, moving images (video images) are compressed / expanded by the MPEG board 134, and still images are compressed / expanded by the JPEG board 135. I have.

B: Description of connection between personal computer and external network.

B-1. Description of network connection using telephone line.

If information is to be transferred to the outside via the telephone line f, the modem 131 is used. That is, although not shown in the drawing, a NCU (Networ
k Control Unit) transmits the destination telephone number to the telephone exchange via the telephone line f. When the phone line is connected,
The serial I / F controller 130 performs transfer information format conversion and protocol conversion on the information on the I / O data line 146, and converts the resulting digital signal RS-232C signal into an analog signal by the modem 131. Transferred to telephone line f.

B-2. Description of network connection using IEEE1394.

When transferring multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images to an external device (not shown),
An EEE1394 interface is suitable.

If necessary information cannot be sent within a certain period of time for a moving image or a sound, the movement of the image is jerky or the sound is interrupted. IEEE13 to solve the problem
In 94, data transfer is completed every 125 μs isochr
Uses the onous transfer method. IEEE 1394 allows the isochronous transfer and the normal asynchronous transfer to coexist, but the asynchronous transfer time of one cycle is 63.5 at maximum.
The upper limit is set to μs. If the asynchronous transfer time is too long, isochronous transfer cannot be guaranteed. In IEEE1394, SCSI commands (instruction sets) can be used as they are.

The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 performs processing such as information format conversion and protocol conversion for isochronous transfer and automatic topology setting such as node setting for the information transmitted through the PCI bus 133.

As described above, not only the information held in the personal computer system 110 is transferred to the outside as the IEEE 1394 signal g, but also the IEEE 1394 signal g sent from the outside is similarly converted and transferred to the PCI bus 133. The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 also has a function.

B-3. Description of Network Connection Using LAN

For local area information communication in a specific area such as a company or government office / school, although not shown, the LAN signal h is input / output using a LAN cable as a medium.

As a communication protocol using LAN, T
CP / IP, NetBEUI, and the like exist, and have a unique data packet structure (information format structure) according to various protocols. The LAN board 139 performs information format conversion for information transferred on the PCI bus 133 and communication procedure processing with the outside according to various protocols.
Do.

As an example, a procedure and an information transfer path for converting specific file information recorded in the HDD 121 into a LAN signal h and transferring the LAN signal h to an external personal computer, EWS, or network server (not shown). explain. IDE controller 12
0, the file directory recorded in the HDD 121 is output, and the resulting file list is recorded in the main memory 112 by the main CPU 111 and displayed on the CRT display 116. When the user inputs a file name to be transferred to the keyboard 119, the content is recognized by the main CPU 111 via the keyboard controller 118. Main CPU1
When the HDD 11 notifies the IDE controller 120 of the file name to be transferred, the HDD determines the internal information recording location and accesses the HDD.
Is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via I
After file information is input from the / O data line 146 to the PCI bus controller 143, the PCI bus 13
3 to the LAN board 139. LAN
The board 139 establishes a session with the transfer destination by a series of communication procedures, inputs file information from the PCI bus 133, converts the file information into a data packet structure according to a protocol to be transmitted, and transfers the data packet to the outside as a LAN signal h.

C: Information reproducing apparatus or information storage / reproducing apparatus
Explanation of information transfer from (optical disk device).

C-1. Explanation of standard interface and information transfer path.

An information reproducing apparatus 122 which is a read-only optical disk apparatus such as a CD-ROM and a DVD-ROM, and a DVD
When the information recording / reproducing device 140, which is a recordable / reproducible optical disk such as a RAM, a PD, and an MO, is used by being incorporated in the personal computer system 110, "IDE" and "SCSI" are standard interfaces
“IEEE1394” and the like exist.

In general, the PCI bus controller 14
3 and EISA bus controller 144 have DMA inside
have. The main CPU 111 is controlled by the DMA.
It is possible to transfer information directly between the blocks without intervening.

For example, if the information of the information recording / reproducing device 140 is M
When transferring to the PEG board 134, the main CPU 111
The process from the step S1 only gives a transfer command to the PCI bus controller 143, and the information transfer management is left to the DMA in the PCI bus controller. As a result, during actual information transfer, the main CPU can execute other processes in parallel without being bothered by the information transfer process.

Similarly, when information recorded in the information reproducing device 122 is transferred to the HDD 141, the main CPU
111 is a PCI bus controller 143 or IDE
By only issuing a transfer command to the controller 120, the subsequent transfer processing management is performed by the DM in the PCI bus controller 143.
A or DMA in the IDE controller 120.

C-2: Description of authentication function

As described above, the information transfer process for the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the
The DMA in the CI bus controller 143, the DMA in the EISA bus controller 144, or the DMA in the IDE controller 120 manages the data, but the actual transfer processing itself is performed by the authentication ( authentication) The functional unit is executing the actual transfer process.

DVDvideo, DVD-ROM, DVD-
In a DVD system such as R, video and audio bit streams are recorded in the MPEG2 Program stream format, and audio streams, video streams, sub-picture streams, private streams, and the like are mixedly recorded. The information recording / reproducing device 140 separates and extracts an audio stream, a video stream, a sub-picture stream, a private stream, and the like from a program stream (Program stream) when reproducing information, and directly outputs the audio via the PCI bus 133 without the intervention of the main CPU 111. The data is transferred to the encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135.

Similarly, the information reproducing apparatus 122 also separates and extracts the program stream (Program stream) reproduced therefrom into various stream information, and separates each stream information via the I / O data line 146 and the PCI bus 133. Directly (without intervening the main CPU 111)
Audio encoding / decoding board 136, MPEG board 134
Alternatively, the data is transferred to the JPEG board 135.

The information recording / reproducing device 140 and the information reproducing device 1
Similarly to 22, the audio encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135 itself has an authentication function internally. Prior to the information transfer, the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122 and the audio encoding / decoding board 136, MPEG via the PCI bus 133 (and the I / O data line 146)
The board 134 and the JPEG board 135 authenticate each other. When the mutual authentication is completed, the video stream information reproduced by the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122 is transferred to the MPEG board 134 only. Similarly, the audio stream information is transmitted to the audio encoding / decoding board 13.
6 only. Still image stream is JPEG
Private streams and text information are sent to the main CPU 111 to the board 135.

Next, in describing a specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment in which a DVD-RAM disk is used as an information storage medium and UDF is used as a file system will be described.

Before describing a specific embodiment of the present invention, a DVD-RAM disk will be described.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the layout of the schematic recording contents in the DVD-RAM disk.

That is, the Lead-in Are on the inner peripheral side of the disc
Reference numeral a607 denotes an embossed data zone 611 having a light reflecting surface having an uneven shape, a mirror zone 612 having a flat (mirror) surface, and a rewritable data zone rewritable data zone 61.
Consists of three. The Embossed data Zone 611 is a reference signal zone (Reference Signal Zone) representing a reference signal as shown in FIG.
signal Zone) 653 and control data zone (Control
data Zone) 655, Mirror Zone 612 is Connecti
Including on Zone657.

The Rewritable data Zone 613 includes a disk test zone (Disk test Zone) 658, a drive test zone (Drive test Zone) 660, and a disk ID.
Disc identification Zone662 showing (identifier)
And defect management areas DMA1 and DMA2663.

[0179] Lead-out Area 609 on the outer peripheral side of the disc
As shown in FIG. 10, a defect management area DMA3 and a DMA4 691 and a disc identification zone 69 indicating a disc ID (identifier) are shown.
2. Rewritable data zone 645 including Drive test Zone 694 and Disk test Zone 695.

The Data Area 608 between the Lead-in Area 607 and the Lead-out Area 609 has 24 annual ring-shaped Zone00 620-
It is divided into Zone23 643. Each zone (Zone) has a constant rotation speed, but the rotation speed differs between different zones. Also, the number of sectors that make up each zone is
Different for each zone. Specifically, the Zone on the inner circumference side of the disc
The rotation speed is high and the number of constituent sectors is small. On the other hand, Zone 23 643 and the like on the outer periphery of the disk have a low rotation speed and a large number of constituent sectors. With such a layout,
In each zone, high-speed access such as CAV is realized, and in the entire zone, high-density recording such as CLV is realized.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show the layout of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating details of a Lead-in Area 607 and a Lead-out Area 609.

Control data of Embossed data Zone 611
Zone655 includes the type of DVD standard (DV
D-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-R, etc.) and a book type and part version 671 indicating a part version, and a disk size and minimum readout indicating a disk size and a minimum read rate. Rate (Disc size
and minimum read-out rate) 672 and single-layer ROM
Disc structure showing a disc structure such as a disc, a single-layer RAM disk, and a double-layer ROM disk
673), a recording density (Recording density) 674 indicating a recording density, and a data location (Data Area allo) indicating a position where data is recorded.
cation) 675 and the serial number of each information storage medium were recorded in a non-rewritable manner on the inner circumference side of the information storage medium.
BCA (burst cutting area) descriptor 676,
Velocity indicating the linear velocity condition for specifying the exposure during recording
677, a read power 678 indicating an exposure amount to the information storage medium at the time of reproduction, a peak power (Peak power) 679 indicating a maximum exposure amount to be applied to the information storage medium for recording mark formation at the time of recording, Bias power indicating the maximum exposure amount given to the information storage medium during erasure 6
80 and information 682 concerning the manufacture of the medium.

To put it another way, this Control data
Zone 655 includes information on the entire information storage medium such as a physical sector number indicating a recording start / recording end position, and information such as a recording power, a recording pulse width, an erasing power, a reproducing power, and a linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing. Information relating to the recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics and information relating to the manufacture of the information storage medium such as the serial number of each disk are recorded in advance.

[0184] Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area 60
9 Rewritable data Zones 613 and 645 have a unique disc name recording area (Disc identification) for each medium.
Zone 662, 692) and test recording area (Drive test Zone 660, 694 and Disk test Z for checking the erasure conditions)
one 659, 695) and a management information recording area (defect management area;
DMA1 & DMA2663, DMA3 & DMA4691) are provided. By using these areas, optimal recording can be performed on individual disks.

FIG. 11 shows Data in the layout of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating details in an area 608.

The same number of groups are assigned to each of the 24 zones. Each group has a user area 723 used for data recording and a spare area used for replacement processing.
Contains a pair of Area724. User Area723 and Spar
e A pair of Area 724 is a guard area (Guard A
rea) 771 and 772. Use of each group
The r Area 723 and the spare area (Spare Area) 724 are included in zones having the same rotation speed. The smaller group number belongs to the high-speed rotation zone, and the larger group number belongs to the low-speed rotation zone. The low-speed zone group has more sectors than the high-speed zone group,
Since the low-speed rotation zone has a large rotation radius of the disk, the physical recording density on the disk 10 becomes almost uniform over the entire zone (all groups).

In each group, the User Area 723 is arranged on the smaller sector number (ie, the inner circumference side on the disk), and the Spare Area 724 is arranged on the larger sector number (the outer circumference side on the disk).

Next, a recording signal structure of information recorded on a DVD-RAM disk as an information storage medium and a method of creating the recording signal structure will be described. The information itself recorded on the medium is called "information", and the structure or expression after scrambling or modulating the same information, that is, "1" after the signal form is converted.
The connection between the states “〜” and “0” is expressed as “signal”, and the two are appropriately distinguished.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the internal structure of a sector included in the data area shown in FIG.

One sector 501a in FIG. 12 corresponds to one of the sector numbers in FIG. 10, and has a size of 2048 bytes as shown in FIG. Although not shown, each sector has headers 573 and 57 previously recorded on the recording surface of the information storage medium (DVD-RAM disk) in an uneven structure such as emboss.
4, synchronization codes 575 and 576 and modulated signals 577 and 578 are alternately included.

Next, E on the DVD-RAM disk
The CC block processing method will be described.

FIG. 13 is a view for explaining a recording unit (ECC unit of Error Correction Code) of information included in Data Area 608 in FIG.

An FAT (File Alloca) used frequently in a file system of an information storage medium (a hard disk HDD, a magneto-optical disk MO, etc.) for a personal computer.
In the information table, information is recorded in the information storage medium using 256 bytes or 512 bytes as a minimum unit.

On the other hand, CD-ROM and DVD-RO
In information storage media such as M and DVD-RAM, UDF (Universal Disk Format; details will be described later) is used as a file system, and information is recorded on the information storage medium in a minimum unit of 2048 bytes. This minimum unit is called a sector. In other words, for an information storage medium using UDF, as shown in FIG.
Information of 048 bytes is recorded.

Since a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM is handled with a bare disk without using a cartridge, the surface of the information storage medium is easily scratched by the user or dust is easily attached to the surface. There is a case where a specific sector (for example, the sector 501c in FIG. 13) cannot be reproduced (or cannot be recorded) due to dust or scratches on the surface of the information storage medium.

In the DVD, an error correction method (ECC using a product code) considering such a situation is adopted. Specifically, 16 sectors (in FIG. 13, 16 sectors from sector 501a to sector 501p)
Constitutes one ECC (Error Correction Code) block 502, in which a powerful error correction function is provided. As a result, even if an error occurs in the ECC block 502 such that the sector 501c cannot be reproduced, the error is corrected and all the information in the ECC block 502 can be correctly reproduced.

FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the relationship between zones and groups (see FIG. 11) in the data area 608 of FIG.

Each zone in FIG. 8: Zone 00 620 to Zone 236
43 is physically arranged on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk. The column 43 of the physical sector number 604 in FIG.
User Area0 in Data Area608 as described in 4.
The physical sector number (starting physical sector number 701) of the first physical sector in 705 is set to 031000h (h: meaning of hexadecimal notation). Further, the physical sector number increases toward the outer peripheral side 704, and the user area number increases.
5, 01 709, 23 707, Spare Area00 708, 01709, 23
Consecutive numbers are assigned irrespective of 710, Guard Area 711, 712, 713. Therefore, continuity is maintained in the physical sector numbers across Zones 620 to 643.

On the other hand, User Areas 705, 706, 707 and S
Each Group71 consisting of a pair of pare Area 708, 709, 710
Guard Area 711, 712, 71 between 4, 715, 716 respectively
3 is inserted and arranged. Therefore each Group 714, 715, 71
Physical sector numbers straddling 6 have discontinuities as shown in FIG.

When the DVD-RAM disk having the configuration shown in FIG. 14 is used in an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an information recording / reproducing section (physical system block), the optical head 202
Can switch the rotation speed of the DVD-RAM disk while passing through the Guard Areas 711, 712, and 713. For example, when the optical head 202 is group 00 705 to group 01
Seek to 715, DVD-while passing Guard Area 711
The rotation speed of the RAM disk is switched.

FIG. 15 is a view for explaining a method of setting a logical sector number in the data area 608 of FIG. The minimum unit of the logical sector matches the minimum unit of the physical sector, and 2048
It is in bytes. Each logical sector is assigned to a corresponding physical sector position according to the following rules.

As shown in FIG. 14, physically Guard Are
Since a711, 712, and 713 are provided on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disc, discontinuity occurs in the physical sector numbers across the groups 714, 715, and 716, but the logical sector numbers are in each of the groups 00 714, 01. The setting method is adopted so as to be continuous at the position across 715, 23 716. this
Group 00 714, 01 715 to 23 716 are arranged in such a manner that the smaller group number (the smaller physical sector number) is DVD-
It is located on the inner circumference side (Lead-in Area 607 side) of the RAM disk, and the larger group number (larger physical sector number) is on the outer circumference side (Lead-out) of the DVD-RAM disk.
Area 609 side).

In this arrangement, if there is no defect on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk, each logical sector is assigned to all physical sectors in User Area 00 705 to 23 707 in FIG. Sector number is 03100
The logical sector number of the sector at the start physical sector number 701 position of 0h is set to 0h (each Group in FIG. 11).
Of the first sector in the logical sector number 774).

As described above, when there is no defect on the recording surface, a logical sector number is not set in advance for each sector in Spare Area 00 708 to 23710.

When performing a Certify process, which is a process of detecting a defect position on a recording surface prior to recording on a DVD-RAM disk, or during reproduction, or during recording,
If a defective sector is found in Area 00 705 to 23 707, as a result of the replacement process, logical sector numbers are set for the corresponding sectors in Spare Area 00 708 to 23 710 by the number of sectors that have undergone the replacement process.

Next, several methods for processing defects generated in the user area will be described. Before that, a defect management area (defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691) in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10) necessary for defect processing and related matters will be described.

[Defect Management Area] Defect Management Area (DM
A1 to DMA4 663, 691) are composed of 32 sectors, for example, data including information on the structure of the data area and defect management. Two defect management areas (DMA1, DMA
2 663) is a Lead-inArea607 DVD-RAM disk
And two other defect management areas (DMA3,
DMA4 691) is a DVD-RAM disc Lead-out
It is arranged in Area609. Each defect management area (DMA
1 to DMA4 663, 691), a spare sector (spare sector) is appropriately added.

Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4)
663, 691) are divided into two blocks. The first block of each of the defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691) includes a DVD-RAM disc definition information structure (DDS; Disc Definition Structure) and a primary defect list (PDL; Primary Defect List). Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 6
In the second block of (91), the secondary defect list (SD
L; Secondary Defect List). The four primary defect lists (PDL) of the four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691) have the same contents,
The four secondary defect lists (SDL) have the same contents.

The four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA
4 663, 691) have basically the same contents, but the pointers to the PDL and SDL of each of the four defect management areas are as follows:
Each content is individual.

Here, the DDS / PDL block corresponds to the DDS
And the first block containing PDL. Also,
The SDL block means a second block including the SDL.

Each defect management area after initializing the DVD-RAM disk (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691)
Is as follows: (1) The first sector of each DDS / PDL block is DD
(2) The second sector of each DDS / PDL block is P
(3) The first sector of each SDL block contains the SDL.

The block lengths of the primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are determined by the numbers of the respective entries. Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4
Unused sectors 663, 691) are overwritten with data 0FFh. All spare sectors are overwritten with 00h.

[Disk definition information] Definition information structure DDS
Consists of a table having a length of one sector. This DDS
Has contents defining the initialization method of the disk 10 and the start addresses of the PDL and SDL. DDS
Is recorded in the first sector of each defect management area (DMA) at the end of initialization of the disk 10.

[Spare Sector] A defective sector in each Data Area 608 is replaced (replaced) with a normal sector by a predetermined defect management method (verification, slipping replacement, skipping replacement, linear replacement described later). The spare sector for this replacement is located in Spare Area 0 shown in FIG.
0708 to 23710 are included in the spare area of each group. The physical sector numbers in each spare area are described in the column of spare area 724 in FIG.

[0215] The DVD-RAM disk can be initialized before use. This initialization can be performed regardless of whether or not verification is performed.

The defective sector is subjected to the slipping replacement process (Sl
The processing is performed by a skipping replacement algorithm, a skipping replacement algorithm, or a linear replacement algorithm. The total number of entries listed in the PDL and SDL by these processes (Algorithm) is set to a predetermined number, for example, 4092 or less.

[Initialization / Certify] In many cases, before recording user information in the Data Area 608 of the DVD-RAM disc, an initialization process is performed, and a defect status inspection (Certify) of all sectors in the Data Area 608 is performed. Defective sectors found in the initialization stage are identified, and defective sectors in the User Area 723 are replaced by Spare Areas by slipping replacement processing or linear replacement processing according to the number of consecutive defective sectors.
Interpolated in the spare sector in 724. D while running Certify
When the spare sectors in the zone of the VD-RAM disk are used up, the DVD-RAM disk is determined to be defective, and the DVD-RAM disk is not used thereafter.

[0218] All the parameters of the definition information structure DDS are recorded in four DDS sectors. The primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are recorded in four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691). In the first initialization, the update counter in the SDL is set to 00h, and all reserved blocks are set to 00h.
Is overwritten.

When the disk 10 is used for storing data in a computer, the above initialization and Certify are performed. When the disk 10 is used for video recording, the above initialization and Certify are performed.
Even without Certify, you could record video right away.

FIGS. 16A and 16B show the Data Area of FIG.
608 Slipping Replacement
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an nt algorithm).

Immediately after manufacturing a DVD-RAM disc (when no user information has been recorded on the disc), or when recording user information for the first time (rather than overwriting and recording on a location where it has already been recorded) In the case where information is first recorded in an unrecorded area), this slipping replacement processing is applied as a defect processing method.

That is, the found defective data sector (for example, m defective sectors 731) is replaced (or replaced) by the first normal sector (user area 723b) following the defective sector (replacement process 734). .
As a result, slipping (migration backward of the logical sector number) of m sectors occurs toward the end of the corresponding group. Similarly, if n defective sectors 732 are subsequently found, the defective sector is used in place of the succeeding normal sector (user area 723c), and the set position of the logical sector number is similarly shifted backward. As a result of the replacement process, a logical sector number is set to m + n sectors 737 from the beginning in the spare area 724, and the area becomes a user information recordable area. As a result, the unused area 72 in the spare area 724
6 is reduced by m + n sectors.

At this time, the address of the defective sector is written in the primary defect list (PDL), and the recording of the user information of the defective sector is prohibited. If no defective sector is found during Certify, nothing is written to the PDL. Similarly, if a defective sector is found in the recording use area 743 in the spare area 724, the address of the spare sector is also written in the PDL.

As a result of the above-described slipping replacement process, the recording area 743 in the User Areas 723a to 723c and the Spare Area 724 having no defective sector becomes an information recording use part (logical sector number setting area 735) of the group. Successive logical sector numbers are assigned.

FIG. 16C shows a skipping replacement process (Skippi) which is another replacement process in the Data Area 608 of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an ng Replacement Algorithm).

The skipping replacement processing is a processing method suitable for defect processing when it is necessary to continuously (seamlessly) record user information such as video information and audio information without interruption. This skipping replacement process is performed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (one sector is 2k
It is executed in units of 32 kbytes.

For example, one defective ECC block 7 after User Area 732a composed of normal ECC blocks
If 41 is found, the data scheduled to be recorded in this defective ECC block 741 is replaced with the normal User Area 723b immediately after.
Is recorded instead of the ECC block (replacement processing 74).
4). Similarly, k consecutive defective ECC blocks 742
Is found, the data to be recorded in these defective blocks 742 is recorded instead of the k ECC blocks in the normal user area 723c immediately after.

Thus, when 1 + k defective ECC blocks are found in the User Area of the group, (1
+ K) The ECC block shifts into the area of the spare area 724, and the extended area 743 used for information recording in the spare area 724 becomes a user information recordable area, where a logical sector number is set. As a result Spare Area724
Is reduced by (1 + k) ECC blocks, and the remaining unused area 746 is reduced.

As a result of the replacement process, the User Areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block and the extended area 743 used for information recording become an information recording use portion (logical sector number setting area) in the group. At this time, as a method of setting the logical sector number, a user having no defective ECC block
Areas 723a to 723c are characterized in that logical sector numbers allocated in advance at the time of initialization (before the replacement processing) are kept unchanged.

As a result, the logical sector number previously allocated to each physical sector in the defective ECC block 741 at the time of initialization is moved to the first physical sector in the extension area 743 used for information recording as it is and set. Is done. Further, the logical sector number assigned at the time of initialization for each physical sector in the k consecutive defect ECC blocks 742 is translated as it is, and the extended area 74 used for information recording is used.
3 is set for each corresponding physical sector.

In this skipping replacement processing method, a DVD
-Even if the RAM disk has not been previously certified
Replacement processing can be immediately executed for a defective sector found during recording of user information.

FIG. 16D shows a linear replacement process (Linear replacement process) which is another replacement process in the Data Area 608 of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a replacement algorithm.

This linear replacement process is also executed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (in units of 32 kbytes). In the linear replacement process, the defective ECC block 75
1 is the first available normal spare block in the corresponding group (the first replacement recording location 753 in the spare area 724)
(Replacement process 758). In this replacement process, the user information to be recorded on the defective ECC block 751 is recorded as it is on the replacement recording location 753 in the spare area 724, and the logical sector number setting position is also moved on the replacement recording location 753 as it is. It is.
Similarly, for the k consecutive defect ECC blocks 752, the user information and the logical sector number setting position to be recorded move to the replacement recording position 754 in the spare area 724.

In the case of the linear replacement process and the skipping replacement process, the address of the defective block and the address of the final replacement (replacement) block are written in the SDL. When the replacement block put on the SDL (secondary defect list) is later found to be a defective block, the replacement block is registered in the SDL using the direct pointer method. In the direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from the address of the defective block to the new one, so that the SDL in which the replaced defective block is registered is changed.
Entry is modified. When updating the secondary defect list SDL, the update counter in the SDL is incremented by one.

[Write Processing] When data is written to a certain group of sectors, defective sectors listed in the primary defect list (PDL) are skipped. Then, the data to be written to the defective sector is written to the next data sector according to the above-described slipping replacement process. If the block to be written is a secondary defect list (SD
If it is listed in L), the data to be written to the block is written to the spare block specified by the SDL according to the above-described linear replacement processing or skipping replacement processing.

In a personal computer environment, linear replacement processing is used when recording a personal computer file, and skipping replacement processing is used when recording an AV file.

[Primary Defect List; PDL] The primary defect list (PDL) is always recorded on a DVD-RAM disc, but its contents may be empty.

The PDL contains the addresses of all defective sectors specified at the time of initialization. These addresses are listed in ascending order. The PDL is recorded with a necessary minimum number of sectors. The PDL then starts from the first user byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of the PDL are set to 0FFh.
The following information will be written in this PDL: Byte position PDL contents 0000h; PDL identifier 101h; PDL identifier 2 Number of addresses in PDL; MSB 3 Number of addresses in PDL; LSB 4 First 5 The address of the defective sector (sector number; MSB) 5 The address of the first defective sector (sector number) 6 The address of the first defective sector (sector number) 7 The address of the first defective sector (sector number; LSB) ... x- 3 Address of last defective sector (sector number; MSB) x-2 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x-1 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x Address of last defective sector (sector number; LSB) * Note: When the 2nd and 3rd bytes are set to 00h, the 3rd byte is The end of the DL.

In the case of a primary defect list (PDL) for a multi-sector, the address list of the defective sector is
It follows the first byte of the second and subsequent succeeding sectors. That is, the PDL identifier and the number of PDL addresses are
Only present in the first sector.

If the PDL is empty, the second byte and the third
The byte is set to 00h, and the 4th to 20th bytes are set.
47 bytes are set in FFh.

Also, FFh is written in an unused sector in the DDS / PDL block.

[Secondary Defect List; SDL] The secondary defect list (SDL) is generated in the initialization stage and used after Certify. All disks have SDL during initialization
Is recorded.

The SDL includes a plurality of entries in the form of the address of a defective data block and the address of a spare block that replaces the defective data block.
Eight bytes are allocated to each entry in the SDL. That is, four bytes are allocated to the address of the defective block, and the remaining four bytes are allocated to the address of the replacement block.

The address list contains the first address of the defective block and its replacement block. The addresses of defective blocks are assigned in ascending order.

The SDL is recorded with the minimum necessary number of sectors, and the SDL starts from the first user data byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of the SDL are set to 0FFh. Subsequent information is recorded in each of the four SDLs.

When a replacement block listed in the SDL is later determined to be a defective block, the replacement block is registered in the SDL using the direct pointer method. In the direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from the address of the defective block to the new address, thereby correcting the entry in the SDL in which the replaced defective block is registered. At this time, the number of entries in the SDL is not changed by the degraded sector.

The following information is written in this SDL: byte position SDL contents 0 (00); SDL identifier 1 (02); SDL identifier 2 (00) 3 (01) 4 update counter MSB 5 Update counter 6 Update counter 7 Update counter; LSB 8 to 26 Reserved (00h) 27 to 29 Flag indicating that all spare sectors in the zone have been used up Flag 30 Number of entries in SDL; MSB 31 Number of entries in SDL; LSB 32 Address of first defective block (sector number; MSB) 33 Address of first defective block (sector number) 34 Address of first defective block (sector number) 35 Address of first defective block (sector number; LSB) 36 Address of first replacement block (sector number; MSB) 37 Address of first spare block (sector number) 38 Address of first spare block (sector number) 39 Address of first spare block (sector number; LSB) y-7 Address of last defective block (sector number; MSB) ) Y-6 Address of the last defective block (sector number) y-5 Address of the last defective block (sector number) y-4 Address of the last defective block (sector number; LSB) y-3 of the last replacement block Address (sector number; MSB) y-2 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y-1 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y Address of last replacement block (sector number; LSB) * Note; Each entry of the 30th to 31st bytes is 8 bytes long.

In the case of the secondary defect list (SDL) for the multi-sector, the address list of the defective block and the replacement block follows the first byte of the second and subsequent succeeding sectors. That is, the 0th byte to the 31st byte of the contents of the SDL exist only in the first sector. FFh is written to an unused sector in the SDL block.

An example of a setting operation of a logical block number for a DVD-RAM disk or the like will be described.

When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is loaded on the turntable 221, the control section 220 starts the rotation of the spindle motor 204.

After the rotation of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is started, the laser emission of the optical head 202 is started, and the focus servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on.

After the laser emission, the control unit 220 operates the feed motor 203 to move the optical head 202 to the leading-in area 607 of the rotating information storage medium (optical disc) 201. Then, the track servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on.

When the track servo is activated, the optical head 202 moves to the Le of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201.
The information of the Control data Zone 655 in the ad-in Area 607 is reproduced. Book type in this Control data Zone655
and Part version 671, the recording medium (DVD-RAM disc or DVD-R) capable of recording the information storage medium (optical disc) 201 which is currently rotationally driven.
Disk). Here, it is assumed that the medium 10 is a DVD-RAM disk.

If the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is a DV
If it is confirmed that the disc is a D-RAM disc,
From the control data zone 655, information on the optimum light amount (emission power of the semiconductor laser and emission period or duty ratio, etc.) at the time of reproduction / recording / erasing is reproduced.

Subsequently, the control unit 220 creates a conversion table between physical sector numbers and logical sector numbers, assuming that the DVD-RAM disk 201 currently being rotated is free from defects.

After the conversion table is created, the control unit 22
0 is the Lead-in Are of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201
a 607 defect management area DMA1 / DMA2 663 and lead-out area 609 defect management area DMA3 /
The DMA4691 is reproduced, and the defect distribution of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 at that time is examined.

If the defect distribution on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is found by the defect distribution investigation, the control unit 220
Corrects the conversion table created as “no defect” in step ST140 according to the actual defect distribution. Specifically, the logical sector number LSN corresponding to the physical sector number PSN is shifted in each of the sectors determined to be defective.

Next, an example of a defect processing operation (processing on the drive side) in a DVD-RAM disk or the like will be described.
First, for example, for the MPU in the control unit 220, a medium (eg, DVD-RA
The first logical block number LBN of the information to be recorded on the (M disk) 201 and the file size of the recorded information are specified. Then, the MPU of the control unit 220 calculates the head logical sector number LSN of the information to be recorded from the specified head logical block number LBN. The logical sector number to be written to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is determined from the head logical sector number LSN thus calculated and the designated file size.

Next, the MPU of the control unit 220 is a DVD-RA
The recording information file is written to the specified address of the M disk 201 and defects on the disk 201 are checked.

If no defect is detected during the writing of the file, it means that the recording information file has been recorded in the predetermined logical sector number without any abnormality (that is, no error has occurred), and the recording process has been completed normally. I do.

On the other hand, if a defect is detected during file writing, a predetermined replacement process (for example, a linear replacement process (Linear
Replacement Algorithm) is performed. After this replacement process, the newly detected defect becomes the Lead-in Are
a607 DMA1 / DMA2663 and Lead-out Area609
Is additionally registered in the DMA3 / DMA4 691. DMA1 / DMA2 to information storage medium (optical disk) 201
After the additional registration of the DMA1 / DMA2 663 and the DMA3 / DMA4 691,
The contents of the conversion table are modified based on the 91 registered contents.

Next, in FIGS. 17 to 22, the File System
A description will be given of UDF, which is a kind of.

[A-1]... UDF is a universal disk format (Universal Disk F)
abbreviation for "file management method" in a disk-shaped information storage medium. CD-
ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-Video, DVD
-ROM, DVD-R and DVD-RAM are "ISO96
UDF format standardized by 60 "is adopted.

The file management method is basically based on a hierarchical file system that has a root directory (Root Directory) as a parent and manages files in a tree shape. Here, the DVD-RAM standard (File
The UDF format conforming to the System Specifications) will be described. Most of the description is consistent with the DVD-ROM standard.

[A-2] Outline of UDF [A-2-1] Contents of File Information Recorded on Information Storage Medium When information is recorded on an information storage medium, a group of information is expressed as “file data” (File Data). The recording is performed in units of file data. A unique file name is added to each file data to distinguish it from other file data. Grouping for a plurality of file data having common information contents facilitates file management and file search. This group of multiple file data is called “Directory” or “Folder” (Folde
Call it r). A unique directory name (folder name) is added to each directory (folder). Furthermore, collect the multiple directories (folders),
It can be grouped in a higher-level directory (higher-level folder) as a group at a higher level. Here, the file data and the directory (folder) are collectively called a file.

When recording information, all information relating to the information content of the file data itself, the file name corresponding to the file data, and the storage location of the file data (under which directory to record) are all information. Record on a storage medium.

Also, * directory name (folder name) for each directory (folder), * position to which each directory (folder) belongs (position of parent directory (upper folder) as parent),
All information relating to the information is also recorded on the information storage medium.

[A-2-2] Information Recording Format on Information Storage Medium The entire recording area on the information storage medium is divided into logical sectors having a minimum unit of 2048 bytes, and a logical sector number is linked to all logical sectors. Numbered. When information is recorded on the information storage medium, the information is recorded on a logical sector basis. The recording position on the information storage medium is managed by the logical sector number of the logical sector in which this information has been recorded.

As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, a file structure (File Structure) 486 and file data (File Dat
a) A logical sector in which information about 487 is recorded is also called a “logical block” and has a logical sector number (LS).
N), a logical block number (LBN) is set. (The length of the logical block is 20 like the logical sector.
48 Bytes. [A-2-3] Example of Simplifying Hierarchical File System FIG. 19 shows an example of simplifying the hierarchical file system.
(A).

UNIX (registered trademark), MacOS (registered trademark), MS-DOS (registered trademark), Windows
Most OS file management systems such as (registered trademark) have a tree-like hierarchical structure as shown in FIG.

One disk drive (for example, one H
In the case where the DD is divided into a plurality of partitions, each partition unit is shown), and there is one root directory (Root Directory) 401 which is the parent of the whole, and a subdirectory (SubDirectory) below it.
402 belongs. FileData in this SubDirectory402
403 exists.

Actually, the present invention is not limited to this example.
File Data 403 exists directly below 01, or multiple SubDi
In some cases, the rectory 402 has a complicated hierarchical structure connected in series.

[A-2-4] Recorded contents of file management information on information storage medium File management information is recorded in the above-described logical block units. The contents recorded in each logical block are mainly: * Description sentence FID (File Identifier Descriptor) indicating information about the file ... File type and file name (Root Directory name, S
ubDirectory name, File Data name, etc.).

... FID, the description of the data contents of the File Data following the FID, and a description indicating the recording location of the contents of the Directory (ie, FE described below corresponding to the file)
Is also described.

* Description F indicating recording position of file contents
E (File Entry; FileEntry)… File Data contents and Directory (SubDirector)
y) is described on the information storage medium (logical block number) where information on the contents is recorded.

An excerpt of the description content of the File Identifier Descriptor is shown in FIG. 24 (described later). The details will be described in “[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor”. An excerpt of the description contents of the File Entry is shown in FIG. 23 (described later), and its detailed description is described in “[B-3] File Entr.
y ”.

Next, a description sentence indicating a recording position on the information storage medium includes a long allocation descriptor (Long Allocation Descriptor) shown in FIG. 20 and a short allocation descriptor (Short A) shown in FIG.
llocation Descriptor). The detailed description of each is described in “[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descript
or "and" [B-1-3] Short Allocation Descripto
r ”.

As an example, FIG. 19B shows the recorded contents when the information of the file system structure of FIG. 19A is recorded on the information storage medium.

[0279] The recorded contents in Fig. 19B are as follows.

The contents of the Root Directory 401 are indicated in the logical block of the logical block number “1”.

... In the example of FIG.
01 contains only Sub Directory 402, so R
Information on the Sub Directory 402 is described in the File Identifier Descriptor sentence 404 as the contents of the oot Directory 401. Although not shown, in the same logical block
Information of Root Directory 401 itself is also File Identifier De
It is listed in the scriptor statement.

... File Identif of this Sub Directory 402
The recording position (the second logical block in the example of FIG. 19B) of the File Entry statement 405 indicating where the contents of the SubDirectory 402 is recorded in the ier Descriptor statement 404 is described in the Long AllocationDescriptor statement (LAD (2 ))
Have been.

A File Entry sentence 405 indicating the position where the contents of the Sub Directory 402 are recorded is recorded in the logical block of the logical block number “2”.

... In the example of FIG.
Since only File Data 403 is included in 2, Sub D
File Identifier Descri which describes information about File Data 403 as the contents of irectory402
This indicates the recording position of the ptor sentence 406.

... Short Allocation in File Entry Statement
SubDirectory40 in the third logical block in the Descriptor statement
The fact that the contents of 2 are recorded (AD (3)) is described.

The contents of the sub directory 402 are recorded in the logical block of the logical block number “3”.

... In the example of FIG.
Since only File Data 403 is included in 2, Sub D
Information about File Data 403 as contents of irectory402
This is described in the File Identifier Descriptor statement 406. Although not shown, Sub Dir is included in the same logical block.
Information of ectory402 itself is also File Identifier Descriptor
It is written in sentences.

File Identifie concerning File Data 403
FileEntry statement 407 indicating where the contents of the File Data 403 are recorded in the r Descriptor statement 406
(In the example of FIG. 19 (b), recorded in the fourth logical block) is the Long Allocation Descript
or statement (LAD (4)).

A File Entry sentence 407 indicating the position where the contents 408 and 409 of the File Data 403 are recorded is recorded in the logical block of the logical block number “4”.

... Short Alloca in File Entry statement 407
File Descriptor 403 contents 408, 40 in the tion Descriptor statement
It is described (AD (5), AD (6)) that 9 is recorded in the fifth and sixth logical blocks.

The file data 403 content information (a) 408 is recorded in the logical block of the logical block number “5”.

The File Data 403 content information (b) 409 is recorded in the logical block with the logical block number “6”.

[A-2-5] Method of Accessing File Data According to Information in FIG. 19B Briefly described in “[A-2-4] Contents of File System Information Recorded on Information Storage Medium” File Identifi
er Descriptor 404, 406 and File Entry 405,
In 407, a logical block number in which information subsequent thereto is described is described. File Identifier Descriptor and File Entr as well as reaching FileData via SubDirectory while descending the hierarchy from Root Directory
While sequentially reproducing the information in the logical block on the information storage medium according to the logical block number described in y, File
Access the data contents of Data.

That is, for the information shown in FIG.
To access the File Data 403, first, the first logical block information is read. File Data403 is Sub Dire
Since it exists in ctory 402, File Identifie of Sub Directory 402 is extracted from the first logical block information.
r After looking for Descriptor 404 and reading LAD (2),
The second logical block information is read accordingly. Since only one File Entry statement is described in the second logical block, AD (3) in the statement is read and the process moves to the third logical block. File Da in the third logical block
File Identifier Descrip describing ta403
Search for tor 406 and read LAD (4). 4 according to LAD (4)
When you move to the logical block, there is one File
Since only Entry statement 407 is described, AD (5) and AD (6)
Is read, and the logical block numbers (5th and 6th) in which the contents of the File Data 403 are recorded are found.

The contents of AD (*) and LAD (*) will be described in detail in "[B] Specific description of each description sentence (Descriptor) of UDF".

[A-3] Characteristics of UDF [A-3-1] Description of UDF characteristics FAT used in HDD, FDD, MO, etc.
The features of the UDF will be described in comparison with the above.

1) Suitable for recording video information and music information having a large minimum unit (such as a minimum logical block size and a minimum logical sector size) and a large amount of information to be recorded.

... The logical sector size of the FAT is 512 By
The UDF logical sector (block) size is as large as 2048 bytes with respect to tes.

2) In the FAT, an allocation management table (File AllocationTable) for assigning a file to an information storage medium is locally and centrally recorded on the information storage medium, whereas in the UDF, the file management information is stored in an arbitrary position on the disk. Can be recorded separately.

In the UDF, the recording position of the file management information and file data on the disk is described in the Allocation Descriptor as a logical sector (block) number.

In the FAT, a file management area (File Al
It is suitable for applications that require frequent changes in file structure (mainly frequent rewriting applications) because it is centrally managed by the location table) (because management information is recorded in a central location and management information can be easily rewritten). File management information (Fi
Since the recording location of the “le Allocation Table” is determined in advance, it is assumed that the recording medium has high reliability (the number of defective areas is small).

* In the UDF, since the file management information is distributed, there is little significant change in the file structure.
Part below the hierarchy (mainly below the Root Directory)
This is suitable for the purpose of adding a new file structure later (mainly for additional writing) (at the time of additional writing, there are few changes to the previous file management information). Further, since the recording position of the distributed file management information can be arbitrarily specified, it is possible to perform recording while avoiding a congenital defective portion.

[0303] Since the file management information can be recorded at an arbitrary position, all the file management information can be collected and recorded in one place, and the advantage of the FAT can be obtained.

[B] Specific contents of each description (Descriptor) of UDF [B-1] Description of logical block number [B-1-1] Allocation Descriptor "[A-2-4] Information storage medium File System Information Recorded Content "
A description sentence that is included in a part of the scriptor, File Entry, or the like and indicates the position (logical block number) where the information following it is recorded is called an Allocation Descriptor. Allocation Descript
or for LongAllocation Descriptor and Short shown below
There is Allocation Descriptor.

[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descri
ptor As shown in FIG. 20, ・ Extent (Extent) length 410... The number of logical blocks is displayed in 4 bytes. ・ Extent position 411...
Display in Bytes ・ Implementation Use 4
12 ... Information used for arithmetic processing, displayed in 8 bytes. In the description here, the description is simplified and described as “LAD (logical block number)”.

[B-1-3] Short Allocation Descr
iptor As shown in FIG. 21, • Extent length 410: The number of logical blocks is displayed in 4 bytes. • Extent position 411: The corresponding logical block number is 4.
Displayed in Bytes, consists only of. In the description here, the description is simplified and described as "AD (logical block number)".

[B-2] Unallocated Space Entry As shown in FIG. 22, "Unallocated Space Entry" on the information storage medium
Short Allocation Descripto for each extent
This is a description sentence described by r and arranged, and is used for the Space Table (see FIGS. 17 and 18). Specific contents include: • Descriptor Tag 413: Indicates the identifier of the description content, in this case “263”. • ICB Tag 414: Indicates the file type. ICB Ta
File Type = 1 in g means Unallocated Space Entry, File Type = 4 is Directory, File Type = 5 is
Represents File Data.

[0308] Total length of Allocation Descriptors column 415 ...
4Bytes indicates the total number of Bytes.

[0309] are described.

[B-3] File Entry The description described in “[A-2-4] Contents of file system information recorded on information storage medium”.

As shown in FIG. 23, • Descriptor Tag 417 represents an identifier of the description content, in this case "261". ICB Tag 418 represents the file type. The content is [B-2].・ Permissions 419: Indicates recording / playback / deletion permission information for each user. Used mainly for the purpose of ensuring file security. ・ Allocation Descriptors420: Location where the contents of the file are recorded Short Allocation Des for each Extent
It describes criptors side by side.

[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor A description sentence describing file information as described in “[A-2-4] Contents of file system information recorded on information storage medium”.

As shown in FIG. 24, Descriptor Tag 421... Represents an identifier of the description content, in this case, “257”. File Characteristics 422...
Data or any of the file deletion flags.

Information control block (Information Control)
ol Block) 423 ... The FE position corresponding to this file is Lo
ng Allocation Descriptor.

File Identifier 424: Directory name or file name.

・ Padding 437 ... File Identifier Desc
Usually, "0" is recorded in a dummy area added to adjust the length of the entire riptor.

Is described.

[C] Example of file structure description recorded on information storage medium in accordance with UDF The contents shown in “[A-2] Overview of UDF” will be described in detail below using a specific example.

FIG. 25 shows an example of a more general file system structure than FIG. 19A. Direct in parentheses
Indicates the logical block number on the information storage medium in which information on the contents of ory or the data content of File Data is recorded.

An example in which the information of the file system structure shown in FIG. 25 is recorded on an information storage medium in accordance with the UDF format is shown in FIG. 17 and FIG.
e) Shown at 486.

As a method of managing an unrecorded position on the information storage medium: * Space bitmap method: Space Bitmap Descriptor 470 is used to "record" all the logical blocks in the recording area in the information storage medium in a bitmap manner. Set a flag of "recorded" or "unrecorded".

* Space table method: Sh using the description method of Unallocated Space Entry 471
All the unrecorded logical block numbers are described as a column of the ort Allocation Descriptor. There are two methods.

In the description of this embodiment, both methods are purposefully described in FIGS. 17 and 18 for the purpose of explanation, but actually both are used together (recorded on the information storage medium).
There are few things, only one of them is used.

[0324] The main Desc described in FIGS.
The outline of the contents of riptor is as follows.

・ Beginning Extended Area Descripto
r445: Indicates the start position of the Volume Recognition Sequence.

・ Volume Structure Descriptor 446…
Describes the contents of Volume, ・ Boot Descriptor 447… Describes the processing at boot time, ・ Terminating Extended Area Descriptor 448… Vo
Indicates the end position of lume Recognition Sequence. ・ Partition Descriptor 450: Indicates partition information (such as size). In DVD-RAM, one partition (Partition) is in principle per Volume.

[0327] Logical Volume Descriptor 454: Describes the contents of the logical volume. • Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer 458: Main Volume Descriptor Sequence in the recording area of the information storage medium.
ence 449 and Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 467
Indicates the recording position.

-Reserved (all 00h bytes) 459-465
... In order to secure a logical sector number for recording a specific Descriptor, an adjustment area in which all “0” is recorded is provided between them.

[0329] Reserve Volume Descriptor Sequenc
e 467… Main Volume Descriptor. A backup area for information recorded in Sequence449.

[D] Method of Accessing File Data at the Time of Reproduction The information storage medium for reproducing the data content of, for example, File Data H 432 (see FIG. 25) using the file system information shown in FIGS. The above access processing method will be described.

[0331] 1) A Volume Reco
Play the information of Boot Descriptor 447 in the gnition Sequence444 area.

[0332] 2) The processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no specified boot process, first, the logical volume descriptor (Logical Volume Descriptor Sequence) in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area
e Descriptor) Plays 454 information.

3) Logical Volume Content Use (Logical Volume C) in Logical Volume Descriptor 454
ontents Use) 455 is described therein, and File Set Descriptor (File Set Descriptor) 472 is described there.
The logical block number indicating the position where is recorded is Long Al
It is described in a location descriptor (FIG. 20) format (in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from the LAD (100)).

4) Access the 100th logical block (the 372nd logical sector number) and access the
t Play Descriptor472. Root Director in it
y File E for Root Directory A 425 in ICB473
The location where ntry is recorded (logical block number) is Long
It is described in the Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18, LAD (102) to 102
Recorded in the second logical block).

The Root Directory ICB 473 LAD (10
5) Access the 102nd logical block according to 2)
Play File Entry 475 about rectory A 425,
Reads the location (logical block number) where information about the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD
(103)).

6) The 103rd logical block is accessed, and information on the contents of Root Directory A 425 is reproduced.

File Data H 432 is Directory D 4
Since it exists under 28 series, Directory D 428
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for Direct
logical block number in which File Entry related to oryD 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS.
D (110)).

7) The 110th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 480 relating to Directory D 428 is accessed.
Is read, and the position (logical block number) where information on the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) The 111th logical block is accessed, and information on the contents of Directory D 428 is reproduced.

[0340] File Data H 432 is SubDirectory F
430 directly below, so SubDirectory F
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 430,
The logical block number (LAD (112) not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18) in which File Entry relating to SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read.

9) The 112th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 4 related to SubDirectory F 430 is accessed.
82 is read, and the position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) The 113th logical block is accessed, the information on the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is reproduced, and the File Identifi
Look for r Descriptor. And from there File Data H
Logical block number in which File Entry for 432 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, but LAD (11
Read 4)).

11) The 114th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 484 relating to File Data H432 is accessed.
Is read and the position where the data content 489 of File Data H432 is recorded is read.

12) File related to File Data H432
The information is reproduced from the information storage medium in the order of the logical block numbers described in the entry 484 and the file data H432 is reproduced.
Is read out.

[E] Method of Changing Specific File Data Contents A processing method including access when changing the data contents of, for example, File Data H 432 using the file system information shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 will be described. .

1) The capacity difference between the data contents before and after the change of File Data H432 is obtained, and the value is calculated as 2048 bytes.
Divide by s and calculate in advance how many additional logical blocks to use or no longer need to record the changed data.

[0347] 2) Volume Recognition as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Play the information of Boot Descriptor 447 in the gnition Sequence444 area. The processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447.

If there is no specified boot process, 3) First, Main Volume Descriptor Sequence449
The Partition Descriptor 450 in the area is reproduced, and the information of the Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451 (Parti
Space Header Descriptor)
The recording position of le or Space Bitmap is indicated.

The Space Table position is Unallocated Space
It is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor in the column of Table 452 (AD in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18).
(50)).・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
In column 53, it is described in Short Allocation Descriptor format. (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18) 4) Access is made to the logical block number (0) in which the Space Bitmap read in 3) is described. Space Bitmap
Read Space Bitmap information from Descriptor 470,
Search for an unrecorded logical block, and register the use of the logical block for the calculation result in 1) (Space Bitmap Descripto)
r 460 information rewriting process). Alternatively, access is made to the logical block number (50) in which the Space Table read in 4 ') 3) is described. Space Table USE (AD (*), AD
(*),…, AD (*)) Search for unrecorded logical block from 471,
The use of logical blocks corresponding to the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Space Table Information Rewriting Process) * In the actual process, either one of "4)" and "4 ')" is performed.

[0351] 5) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
Logical VolumeDescriptor 454 in quence 449 area
Play the information of.

6) The Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in the Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the position where the File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocation Descriptor.
Scriptor (FIG. 20) format (FIG. 17, FIG. 1)
In the example of FIG. 8, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from the LAD (100)).

7) Access to the 100th logical block (400th logical sector number)
Play Descriptor 472. Root Direct in it
ory ICB 473 on Root Directory A 425 Fil
The location (logical block number) where e Entry is recorded is
It is described in Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18, 1
Recorded in the 02nd logical block).

The Root Directory ICB 473 LAD (10
8) Access the 102nd logical block and follow Root Di
Play File Entry 475 about rectory A 425,
Read the position (logical block number) where information on the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD
(103)).

9) The 103rd logical block is accessed, and information on the contents of Root Directory A 425 is reproduced.

File Data H 432 is Directory D
Since it exists under the 428 series, Directory D 42
Look for File Identifier Descriptor for 8 and Dire
Logical block number in which File Entry relating to ctoryD 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS.
AD (110)).

10) The 110th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 48 relating to Directory D 428 is accessed.
0 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) The 111th logical block is accessed, and information on the contents of Directory D 428 is reproduced.

[0359] File Data H432 is SubDirectory.
Subdirectory F because it exists directly under F 430
A file identifier descriptor 430 is searched for, and a logical block number (LAD (112) not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18) in which a file entry related to SubDirectoryF 430 is recorded is read.

12) Access the 112nd logical block, and enter the File Entry 4 related to SubDirectoryF 430.
82 is read, and the position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

13) The 113th logical block is accessed, information on the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is reproduced, and the File Identifi
Look for r Descriptor. And from there File Data H
Logical block number in which File Entry for 432 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, but LAD (1
Read 14)).

14) The 114th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 484 relating to File Data H 432 is accessed.
Is read and the position where the data content 489 of File Data H432 is recorded is read.

15) The data contents 489 of the changed File Data H 432 are recorded in consideration of the logical block number additionally registered in 4) or 4 ').

[F] Specific file data / directory erasure processing method As an example, File Data H432 or SubDirector
A method of erasing yF430 will be described.

[0365] Volume Recognit is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Play the information of Boot Descriptor 447 in the ion Sequence 444 area.

[0366] The processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no specified boot process, the main volume
Logical Volume De in scriptor Sequence 449 area
Play scriptor 454 information.

[0367] 3) Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocation Descriptor.
Scriptor (FIG. 20) format (FIG. 17, FIG. 1)
In the example of FIG. 8, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from the LAD (100)).

4) Access the 100th logical block (400th logical sector number) and access the File Block
Play Descriptor 472. Root Direct in it
The location (logical block number) where the File Entry relating to Root Directory A 425 is recorded in the ory ICB 473 is described in Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18, LAD (10
2) to the 102nd logical block).

The Root Directory ICB 473 LAD (10
5) Access the 102nd logical block according to 2)
Play File Entry 475 about rectory A 425,
Reads the location (logical block number) where information about the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD
(103)).

6) The 103rd logical block is accessed, and information on the contents of Root Directory A 425 is reproduced.

[0371] File Data H 432 is Directory D 4
Since it exists under 28 series, Directory D 428
Find File Identifier Descriptor for
Logical block number in which File Entry relating to ctoryD 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS.
AD (110)).

7) The 110th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 480 for Directory D 428 is accessed.
Is read, and the position (logical block number) where information on the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

8) Access the 111th logical block and reproduce information about the contents of Directory D 428.

[0374] File Data H 432 is SubDirectoryF.
430 directly below, so SubDirectory F 4
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 30.

<< When Deleting SubDirectory F 430 >> File Iden related to SubDirectory F 430
File Characteristics 42 in tifier Descriptor
2 (FIG. 24), a "file deletion flag" is set.

File for SubDirectory F 430
The logical block number (LAD (112), not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18) recorded in the entry is read.

9) The 112th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 4 related to SubDirectory F 430 is accessed.
82 is read, and the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of the SubDirectory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)).

10) The 113th logical block is accessed, the information on the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is reproduced, and the File Identifi
Look for r Descriptor.

<< When erasing File Data H432 >> File Identifier D relating to File Data H432
File Characteristics 422 in the escriptor (Fig. 2
4) Set the "file deletion flag". Further, the logical block number (LAD (114), not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18) in which File Entry relating to File Data H432 is recorded is read therefrom.

11) The 114th logical block is accessed, and File Entry 484 relating to File Data H432 is accessed.
Is read and the position where the data content 489 of File Data H432 is recorded is read.

<< When erasing File Data H 432 >> The logical block in which the data contents 489 of File Data H 432 are recorded is released by the following method (the logical block is registered in an unrecorded state).

12) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
Play Partition Descriptor 450 in quence 449 area, and use Partition Contents Use described in it.
Read 451 information. This Partition Contents Us
The recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is indicated in e 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor).

The space table position is Unallocated Space
It is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor in the column of Table 452 (AD in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18).
(50)).・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap
The column of 453 is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 17 and 18).

13) Space Bitmap read in 12)
Accesses the logical block number (0) described by
"Logical block number to be released" obtained as a result of 11)
Rewrite to SpaceBitmap Descriptor 470. Or 13 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 12), and enter the "logical block number to be released" obtained as a result of 11) in Space T
Rewrite to able.

* The actual processing is “13)” or “1”.
3 ') "or one of the processes is performed.

<When erasing File Data H432> 12) Follow the same procedure as in 10) to 11) to perform File Data
The position where the data content 490 of I 433 is recorded is read.

13) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Se
Play Partition Descriptor 450 in quence 449 area, and use Partition Contents Use described in it.
Read 451 information. This Partition Contents Us
The recording position of Space Table or Space Bitmap is indicated in e 451 (also called Partition Header Descriptor).

The Space Table position is Unallocated Space
It is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor in the column of Table 452 (AD in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18).
(50)).・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
In the column of 53, it is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor (AD (0) in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18).

14) Space Bitmap read in 13)
Accesses the logical block number (0) described by
The “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 11) and 12) is rewritten to Space Bitmap Descriptor 470. Or 14 ') Access the logical block number (50) in which the Space Table read in 13) is described, and 11) and 1
Sp is the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 2)
Rewrite to ace Table.

* The actual processing is “14)” or “1”.
4 ′) ”.

[G] Addition processing of file data / directory An access / addition processing method when adding new file data or directory under the Sub Directory F 430 will be described as an example.

1) When adding file data, the capacity of the file data to be added is checked, and the value is set to 20.
Divide by 48 bytes to calculate the number of logical blocks required to add file data.

[0394] 2) A Volume Recognition area is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing apparatus is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Boot Descriptor 44 in gnition Sequence 444 area
Go to play 7 information. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. When there is no specified boot process 3) First, Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449
The Partition Descriptor 450 in the area is reproduced, and the information of the Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451 (Par
Space T in the Tition Header Descriptor)
The record position of able or Space Bitmap is indicated.

The Space Table position is Unallocated Space
It is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor in the column of Table 452 (AD in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18).
(50)).・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 4
In the column of 53, it is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor (AD (0) in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18).

4) The logical block number (0) described in the Space Bitmap read in 3) is accessed. Sp
Read the Space Bitmap information from the ace Bitmap Descriptor 470, search for unrecorded logical blocks, and register the use of logical blocks for the calculation result in 1) (Space Bitma
p Descriptor 460 information rewriting process). Or 4 ') Access the logical block number (50) in which the Space Table read in 3) is described. Space Table
USE (AD (*), AD (*),..., AD (*)) 471 is searched for an unrecorded logical block, and the use of the logical block corresponding to the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Space Table Information Rewriting Process) * In the actual process, either one of “4)” and “4 ′)” is performed.

[0397] 5) Next, Main Volume Descriptor Sequ
Play the information of Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the ence 449 area.

6) Logical Volume Contents Use 455 is described in Logical Volume Descriptor 454, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocation Descriptor 454.
Scriptor (FIG. 20) format (FIG. 17, FIG. 1)
In the example of FIG. 8, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from the LAD (100)).

7) Access the 100th logical block (the 400th logical sector number) and access the File
Play Descriptor 472. Root Direct in it
ory ICB 473 on Root Directory A 425 Fil
The location (logical block number) where e Entry is recorded is
It is described in Long Allocation Descriptor (FIG. 20) format (in the example of FIGS. 17 and 18, 1
Recorded in the 02nd logical block).

[0400] The LAD of the Root Directory ICB 473 (10
8) Access the 102nd logical block and follow Root Di
Play File Entry 475 about rectory A 425,
Reads the location (logical block number) where information about the contents of Root Directory A 425 is recorded (AD
(103)).

9) Access the 103rd logical block and reproduce information about the contents of Root Directory A 425.

File Ide for Directory D 428
ntifier Descriptor is searched, and the logical block number in which the File Entry relating to Directory D 428 is recorded (LAD (110) not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18)
Read.

10) The 110th logical block is accessed and File Entry 48 relating to Directory D 428 is accessed.
0 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of Directory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (111)).

11) The 111th logical block is accessed, and information relating to the contents of Directory D 428 is reproduced.

File related to Sub Directory F 430
Look for the Identifier Descriptor,
The logical block number in which the File Entry relating to 430 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, but LAD (1
Read 12)).

12) The 112th logical block is accessed, and the File Entr related to Sub Directory F 430 is accessed.
y 482 is played back, and the position (logical block number) where information about the contents of Sub Directory F 430 is recorded
Is read (AD (113)).

13) The 113th logical block is accessed, and the file data to be newly added or the File Identifier Descriptor of the directory is registered in the information on the contents of the Sub Directory F 430.

14) The logical block number position registered in 4) or 4 ') is accessed, and File Entry relating to newly added file data or directory is recorded.

15) Short in File Entry of 14)
Pare for the directory to be accessed by accessing the logical block number position indicated in the Allocation Descriptor
Records the data content of the File Identifier Descriptor of the nt Directory or the file data to be added.

The recording information content (data structure) of the information recorded on the information storage medium (OpticalDisk 1001) capable of recording and reproducing video information and music information shown in FIG. 26A will be described below with reference to FIG. explain.

[0411] Information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001)
The schematic data structure of the information recorded above is shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 6 (b), in order from the inner side (Inner Side 1006) ・ Embossed data zone whose light reflecting surface has an uneven shape and Mirror Zone whose surface is flat (mirror surface) Rewritable data zone that can be recorded and rewritten by a user in a lead-in area (Lead-in Area) 1002 having a rewritable data zone (Rewritable data Zone) in which information can be rewritten.
Audio and video data (Audio & Video)
Volume & File Manager (Video & Data Manager)
Information) Data area (Da) consisting of Rewritable data Zone that can be recorded and rewritten by 1003 users
ta Area) 1004 Rewritabledata with rewritable information
Lead-out area consisting of Zones (Lead-out Ar
ea) divided into 1005.

[0412] Embossed data Z of Lead-in Area 1002
One contains information about the entire information storage medium such as a disk type such as DVD-ROM / -RAM / -R, a disk size, a recording density, and a physical sector number indicating a recording start / end position, and recording power and recording pulse. Information on recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics such as width, erasing power, reproducing power, and linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing; information on manufacturing of one information storage medium such as a serial number is recorded in advance; -in Area 100
2 Rewritable data Zone and Lead-out Area 100
Each of the 5 rewritable data zones has a unique disc name recording area for each information storage medium, a test recording area (for confirming recording erasure conditions), and a management information recording area for a defective area in the data area 1004. It is possible to record in the above-mentioned area by the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

[0413] Lead-in Area 1002 and Lead-out Area 1
As shown in FIG. 26 (c), the Data Area 1004 sandwiched between
& Mixed recording of Video Data is possible. Comp
The recording order of uter Data and Audio & Video Data, and the size of each recording information are arbitrary.
Data) is recorded in the Computer Data Area
Areas in which Audio & Video Data are recorded are referred to as Audio & Video Data Area 1009.

[0414] The data structure of the information recorded in the Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is as shown in Fig. 26D.-Anchor pointer control information for control information (Anchor Pointer for Control Informa)
option) 1015: The Audio & Video Data Area is located at the first position in the Audio & Video Data Area 1009.
Information indicating the start position (start address) in which ControlInformation 1011 in 1009 is recorded.
mation) 1011: Control information necessary for each process of recording (recording), playback, editing, and search. ・ Video Objects (Video Objects) 1012: Vi
Recording information of deo Data contents, ・ Picture Objects 10
13: Still image information such as Still image, Slide image, etc. ・ Audio Objects (Audio Objects) 101
4: Recording information of Audio Data contents ・ Thumbnail Objects
1016: It consists of information such as a thumbnail (Thumbnail) used when searching for a desired place in Video Data or at the time of editing.

[0415] Video Objects 1012, Pi shown in FIG.
cture Objects 1013, Audio Objects 1014, Thumbn
The ail Objects 1016 means a group of information classified for each content content (data content). Therefore, all video information recorded in Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is included in Video Objects 1012, all still image information is included in Picture Objects 1013, all audio / audio information is included in Audio Objects 1014, and video information 1014 is included. Thumbnail Objects 1016 contains all the thumbnail information used for managing and searching for.

Note that the VOB (Video Obj) shown in FIG.
ect) 1403 indicates a block of information recorded in the AV file 1401, and is referred to as “Video” in FIG.
The definition is different from Objects 1012. Note that similar terms are used, but with completely different meanings.

[0417] Further, the contents of the Control Information 1011 are as follows: AV Data Control Information 1101: Video O
bjects manages the data structure in 1012, and manages information relating to the recording position on the optical disk 1001, which is an information storage medium.
back Control Information) 1021: Control information required for playback, Recording control information (Re
cording Control Information) 1022: Recording
Control information required during recording ・ Edit control information (Edit
Control Information) 1023: Control information necessary for editing, Thumbnail control information (Thumbn
ail Control Information) 1024: Thumbnail for searching or editing the location you want to see in Video Data
Object), and the like.

The AV data shown in FIG.
The data structure in Control Information 1101 is: Allocation Map Table
able) 1105: Information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001)
Information on address setting according to the actual arrangement above, identification of recorded / unrecorded areas, etc. ・ Video title set information (Video T
itle Set Information) 1106: As shown in FIG.
Shows the overall information content in the AV File 1401, including connection information between each video object (VOB), grouping information of multiple VOBs for management and retrieval, and time information such as a time map table (Time Map Table). Video Object Control Information 1107
: As shown in FIG. 27 (c), information about each VOB in the AV File 1401 is shown, and attribute (characteristic) information for each VOB, information about each VOBU in the VOB, and • Program chain control information (PGC Control Information) 1103: Information on video information playback program (sequence), Cell playback information (Cell Play information)
back Information) 1108: Information on the data structure of the basic unit of video information during playback.

The contents up to (f) of FIG. 26 are as described above, but a brief supplementary explanation is given below for each piece of information.

[0420] Volume & File Manager Information
1003 contains information about the entire Volume, the number of PC data files included, the number of AV data files,
・ Information about recording layer information is recorded. In particular, as recording layer information: • Number of constituent layers (eg, one RAM / ROM two-layer disc counts as two layers, one ROM two-layer disc counts as two layers, and n single-sided disc counts as n layers). • Assignment for each layer Logical sector number range table (capacity of each layer), characteristics of each layer (example: DVD-RAM disk, RAM / R)
RAM section, CD-ROM, CD-R of OM double layer disc
Etc.)-A logical sector number range table (including rewritable area capacity information for each layer) allocated in Zone units in the RAM area for each layer-Unique ID information for each layer (... multiple disks) Is recorded, and continuous logical sector numbers can be set for multiple disk packs and RAM / ROM double-layer disks to handle them as one large Volume space. I have. Playback Control Infor
In the mation 1021, ・ Information on the playback sequence integrating PGC,
・ In connection with the above, the information storage medium is VTR or DV.
Information indicating a pseudo recording position regarded as one tape as in C (sequence for continuously reproducing all recorded cells); information on simultaneous reproduction of multiple screens having different video information; Information (... Cell ID corresponding to each search category and its Cell
The table of the start time in 1 is recorded, and information for enabling the user to directly access the corresponding video information by selecting a category is recorded. Also Recordin
g Control Information 1022 records program reservation recording information. Ed
In it Control Information 1023: ・ Special editing information for each PGC unit (... the relevant time setting information and special editing contents are described as EDL information),
File conversion information (... special part of an AV file can be specially edited on a PC such as an AVI file.
Is converted to a file and the location where the converted file is to be stored is specified). Also Thumbnail Control
Information 1024 contains management information about Thumbnail Objects 1016 (…
The recording location of each thumbnail image in the Audio & Video Data Area 1009 and VOB or Cell designation information related to each thumbnail image, VOB or Cell location information related to each thumbnail image, etc. (VOB, Cell will be described in detail in the place of content description in FIG. 27).

All information recorded in the Data Area 1004 of FIG. 26B is recorded in file units, and the relationship between the data files is managed by a directory structure (see FIG. 28).

[0422] Under the root directory 1450, a plurality of sub directories 1451 are provided so that classification can be easily performed for each file content to be recorded. FIG. 26 (c)
Computer Data Area 1008, 1010
Each data file related to Computer Data is recorded under the Computer Data Storage subdirectory 1457 in the directory structure.
a Audio & Video Data recorded in Area 1009
Is a rewritable video title set RWV_TS1
Recorded under 452. When copying video information recorded on a DVDVideo disc to FIG. 26A, the video title set VIDEO_T
S1455 and Audio Title Set AUDI
Copy under O_TS1456.

The control information shown in FIG.
1011 Information is recorded as one file as recording / reproducing video management data. In the embodiment of FIG. 28, the file name is RWVIDEO_CONTROL.IFO. RWVIDEO_CONTROL.BU
It is recorded with the file name P. This RWVIDEO_C
ONTROL.IFO and RWVIDEO_CONTROL.BUP 2 files are handled as conventional computer files.

In the structure shown in FIG. 28, the video shown in FIG.
All video information data belonging to Objects 1012 is RWVID
Video Objects File named EO.VOB
1447. That is, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 27B, all video information data belonging to Video Objects 1012 shown in FIG.
deo Title Set 1402)
It is continuously recorded in one file called "ideo Objects File 1447". (That is, PTT (Part_of_
Title) All files are collectively recorded in one file without dividing the file for each of 1407 and 1408. All the still image information data belonging to Picture Objects 1013 is a Pic. File named RWPICTURE.POB.
ture Objects File 1448. Picture Objects 1013 includes a plurality of pieces of still image information. Although the digital camera employs a recording format in which each still image is recorded as a separate file, the embodiment of the present invention differs from the recording format of the digital camera in that a plurality of still images included in Picture Objects 1013 are included. All the images are continuously connected in the same format as in Fig. 27, and the file name RWPICTURE.POB
The feature of the embodiment of the present invention resides in that the picture is collectively recorded in one Picture Objects File 1448.

Similarly, all audio information belonging to Audio Objects 1014 is collectively recorded in one Audio Objects File 1449 having a file name of RWAUDIO.AOB, and all thumbnail information belonging to Thumbnail Objects 1016 is also referred to as RWTHUMBNAIL.TOB. Thumbnail of name
Collectively recorded in Objects File 1458.

[0426] Note that Video Objects File 1447,
Picture Objects File 1448, Audio Objects
File 1449, Thumbnail Objects File 1458
Are all treated as AV File 1401.

Although not shown in FIG. 26, recording / reproducing additional information 1454 that can be used at the time of video recording / reproduction can be simultaneously recorded, and the information is collectively recorded as one file. In the form of RWADD.DAT
File name.

The data structure in the AV File is shown in FIG.
Shown in As shown in FIG. 27 (b), the AV File
1401 one PGS (Program Set) 14
02. PGS (Program Set) 1
Inside 402 is the content of Audio & Video Data and A
A plurality of VOBs (Video Objects) separated in the order of information recorded in the V File 1401
) 1403, 1404, and 1405.

The VOB (Video Objec) shown in FIG.
t) 1403, 1404, and 1405 are AV Fi
Audio & Video D recorded in le 1401
The Video Objects 1012 shown in FIG. 26D, which is defined as a set of ata and has strong classification item colors such as video information / still image information / audio information / thumbnail information.
Has a different definition content from Therefore, VOBs (Video Objects) 1403 and 1404 in FIG.
In addition to the information classified as Video Objects 1012 in 1405, as shown in FIG.
Picture Objects 1013 and Audio Objects 10
14. Information classified as Thumbnail Objects 1016 is also recorded.

Each VOB 1403, 1404, 140
Grouping is performed for each relevant VOB based on the information content (contents) recorded in 5 and PGs (Programs) 1407 and 14 are grouped for each group.
08. That is, PG 140
7, 1408 is configured as an aggregate of one or a plurality of VOBs. In the embodiment of FIG.
Two V of VOB 1404 and VOB 1405
OB constitutes PG (Program) 1408,
The PG (Program) 1407 is composed of only one VOB.

[0431] The minimum basic unit of video information is VOBU (
Video Object Unit) Called 1411-1414, VO
The data in B 1403 to B 1405 is configured as an aggregate of VOBUs 1411 to 1414 as shown in FIG. In many cases, MPEG1 or MPEG2 is used for the video information compression technology of Video Object 1012. In MPEG, video information is divided into groups called GOPs at intervals of about 0.5 seconds, and video information is compressed in GOP units. VOBU (Video Object Unit) 1411 with the same size as this GOP and synchronized with the GOP
~ 1414 video information compression units.

Further, each of the VOBUs 1411 to 1414 is a Sector 1431 to 1437 in units of 2048 bytes.
It is divided and recorded every time. Each Sector 1431-1437
Are recorded in the format of Pack structure, and raw video information, sub-video information, audio information,
Each dummy information is V_PCK (Video Pack)
1421,1425,1426,1427, SP_PCK (Sub-picture
Pack) 1422, A_PCK (Audio Pack) 1423,
It is recorded in the form of a pack called DM_PCK (Dummy Pack) 1424. 14Bytes at the beginning of each pack
Each Pack has its own Pack Header.
The amount of information recorded within is 2034 Bytes.

Here, DM_PCK (Dummy Pack) 1424 is used for post-recording post-recording additional information (...
Insert the memo information to be exchanged with the DummyPack in the Pack into the sub-picture information (in the Sub-picture Pack) and insert the Dummy Pa
ck, etc.), and so on.

The information storage medium shown in FIG.
The recording area of a DVD-RAM disk, which is an example of the cal Disk 1001), is divided into a plurality of sectors (Sectors). A data amount of 2048 Bytes can be recorded per sector. In this DVD-RAM disk, sectors (204
Recording / reproduction is performed in units of 8 bytes). Therefore, when a DVD-RAM disk is used as the information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001), as shown in FIG.
Is recorded in units of Sectors 1431 to 1437.

As shown in FIGS. 27 (b) and (d), the AV
VTS (Video Title Set) 1402 with a series of connections of all VOBs 1403 to 1405 in File 1401
Is configured. Playback Control I
In the playback procedure described in nformation 1021, any VO
In addition, it is possible to specify an arbitrary range within B and to reproduce in an arbitrary reproduction order. Video information basic units at the time of reproduction are called cells 1441, 1442, and 1443. The cells 1441, 1442, and 1443 can specify an arbitrary range within an arbitrary VOB, but cannot specify an arbitrary range across VOBs.
The range cannot be set by connecting OB).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 27 (g), Cell
1441 is one VOBU 1412 in the VOB 1403
Is specified, the Cell 1442 specifies the entirety of one VOB 1404, and the Cell 1443 specifies the range of only a specific pack (V_PCK 1427) in the VOBU 1414.

[0437] Information indicating a video information playback sequence is set by a PGC (Program Chain) 1446, and this playback sequence is described by specifying one cell or by connecting information of a plurality of cells. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 27 (h), a PGC (Program Chain)
Reference numeral 1446 constitutes a reproduction program as a connection between Cell 1441, Cell 1442, and Cell 1443. (Cel
A detailed description of the relationship between 1 and PGC will be described later. Playback Control Infor using FIG. 29 and FIG.
The contents of the mation 1021 will be described.

[0438] Playback Control Information 1021
(Program Chain) Control Information
1103 has the data structure shown in FIG.
Determines the playback order. The PGC indicates a unit for executing a series of playbacks in which the playback order of the cells is specified. Cell
Indicates a reproduction section in which reproduction data in each VOB is specified by a start address and an end address as shown in FIG.

[0439] PGC Control Information
n) 1103 is PGC information management information (PGC Information Management
ment Information) 1052, one or more PGC information search pointers (Search Pointer of PGC Information) 105
3, 1054 and PGC Information (PGC Information) 1055, 1056,
It consists of 1057.

[0440] PGC Information Management Informat
ion 1052 contains information indicating the number of PGCs (Number of PGCs).
Information). Search Pointer of PGC
Information 1053 and 1054 point to the head of each PGC Information to facilitate search. PGC Infor
mation 1055, 1056, 1057 are PGC General Informat
ion 1061 and one or more Cell Playback Information
It consists of 1062 and 1063. PGC General Information 1
061 contains information (Number) indicating the PGC playback time and the number of cells.
of Cell Playback Information).

[0441] As shown in FIG.
It is specified in a playback section from ll-A to Cell-F, and PGC Information is defined in each PGC.

[0442] (1) PGC # 1 shows an example composed of cells specifying continuous playback sections, and the playback order is C
ell-A → Cell-B → Cell-C.

[0443] (2) PGC # 2 shows an example composed of cells that specify intermittent playback sections.
Cell-D → Cell-E → Cell-F.

[0444] (3) PGC # 3 shows an example in which playback can be performed intermittently regardless of the playback direction or overlapped playback, and the playback order is Cell-E → Cell-A → Cell-D → Cell-B.
→ It becomes Cell-E.

FIG. 31 illustrates a method of setting a video information recording position when an unused area is set in an AV File on the recording / reproduction application software side according to the embodiment of the present invention. Assume that the state shown in FIG.
When the LBN partially erases from D to E, the file size of the AV file does not change as shown in FIG. 31B because the unused area is included in the AV file # 1 in the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore File for AV file
Entry remains unchanged as FE (AD (C)). Therefore, even when a new PC file is recorded, the PC file does not enter the unused area between the AV files # 1. Next, when additional recording of video information is performed by recording, the additional recording information enters an unused area of LBN from D to E, and changes to an additional recording area. Thus, the AV of the present invention
In the method of setting an unused area in the File, it is not necessary to change the UDF file system information for each partial erasure or additional recording by recording, and the processing on the file system becomes easy. Further, when video information to be recorded increases, the AV file size increases. FIG.
The unrecorded area whose LBN is in the range of B to C in (c) is absorbed into the video file # 1. While the extent of the video file in FIG. 31 (c) is one AD (C), FIG.
In (d), the extent of AD (A) is increased by one, and File Entry
Becomes FE (AD (C), AD (B)).

FIG. 32 shows the relationship between LBN and AV Address in an AV file according to the present invention. AV File 1
The information 401 is physically scattered and recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. Now AV File
1401 is Extent # α 3166, Extent # γ 316
8. Distributed recording in Extent # δ 3169, File Entr
The order of entries on y is Extent # δ 3169, Exten
Consider a case where t # γ 3168 and Extent # α 3166 are set. The AV Address managed by the recording / reproducing application 1 is completely independent of the recording position on the information storage medium.
Connect the Extent registered in y continuously, and File E
Smallest AV Address in order of entry on ntry
Value is set. AV Address is managed by Extent. For example, Extent # γ 31
When the LBN value of the first sector is “c” as shown in FIG. 32A and the LBN value of the last sector is “d−1”, the AV Address value of the same sector is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), “fe” and “(fe)” respectively.
+ (Dc) -1 ".

When a part of the AV file 1401 is deleted, the part becomes “unused VOB # A3173” and is managed on the recording / reproducing application as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34 (ie, Extent on the File System 2). Is not released (deletion process). FIG. 33 shows a case where the central portion of VOB # 1 has been deleted. FIG. 34 shows a management state when a VOB is deleted as shown in FIG. That is, an example of the number of VOB information, the number of unused VOB information, the type, the data size, and the AV address of the head position is shown. That is, the management content is rewritten as shown in the right column. Therefore, in the case of subsequent reproduction, erasure, and additional writing, address management is performed with reference to this management information.

[0448] Unlike the conventional computer information, the video information is indispensable to guarantee the continuity at the time of recording. In the following, the reason why the continuity at the time of recording is obstructed and a method of guaranteeing the continuity at the time of recording will be described.

FIG. 35 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system for explaining continuity during recording.

[0450] The video information sent from the outside is temporarily stored in a buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219. When the optical head 202 reaches the recording position on the information storage medium 201 by the coarse access 1334 and the fine access 1333 operations, the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) B
The video information temporarily stored in the M219 is
Is recorded on the information storage medium 201 via the. Buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 to optical head 2
Here, the transfer rate of the video information to be sent to 02 is a physical transfer rate (PTR) 1
387. The average value of the transfer rate of the video information transferred from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 is calculated as the system transfer rate (STR).
ission Rate) 1388. Generally, the physical transfer rate PTR and the system transfer rate STR have different values.

[0451] In order to sequentially record video information at different locations on the information storage medium 201, an access operation for moving the converging spot position of the optical head 202 is required. For a large movement, a coarse access 1334 for moving the entire optical head 202 is performed. For a fine movement, a fine access 1333 for moving only the objective lens for condensing laser light (not shown) is performed.

FIGS. 36 and 37 show a buffer memory (a buffer memory) for sequentially recording video information at a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201 while controlling access of the optical head 202 to video information transferred from the outside. 5 shows a temporal transition of the amount of video information temporarily stored in the BM 219 (semiconductor memory). Since the physical transfer rate PTR is generally faster than the system transfer rate STR, the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 continues to decrease during the video information recording times 1393, 1397, and 1398. The amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 becomes “0”. At that time, the video information continuously transferred is not temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219, but is continuously recorded on the information storage medium 201 as it is, and the video information amount temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219. Changes in the state of “0”.

Next, when recording video information at another position on the information storage medium 201, access processing of the optical head 202 is performed prior to the recording operation. As shown in FIG. 37, the coarse access times 1348 and 1376, and the fine access time 1 are the access periods of the optical head 202.
342, 1343 and the rotation waiting time 1345, 1346 of the information storage medium 201 are required. Since the recording process on the information storage medium 201 is not performed during this period, the physical transfer rate PTR 1387 during this period is substantially “0”. On the other hand, the average system transfer rate STR1388 of video information sent from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219
Is kept unchanged, so that the video information temporary storage amount 1341 in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 keeps increasing.

[0454] When the access of the optical head 202 is completed, the recording process on the information storage medium 201 is started again (period of the video information recording time 1397, 1398) and the video information temporary storage amount in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 1341 decreases again. This decreasing gradient is determined by [average system transfer rate STR1332]-[physical transfer rate PTR1331].

Thereafter, when accessing the position near the recording position on the information storage medium again, only the fine access is possible, so the fine access time 1363, 1364, 1
365, 1366 and rotation waiting time 1367, 1368,
Only 1369 and 1370 are required.

As described above, the condition for enabling continuous recording can be defined by “the upper limit of the number of accesses within a specific period”. Although the description has been given of the continuous recording, the condition for enabling the continuous reproduction can be defined by the “upper limit of the number of times of access within a specific period” for the same reason as described above.

An access count condition that makes continuous recording absolutely impossible will be described with reference to FIG. When the access frequency is the highest, as shown in FIG.
393 is very short, and the fine access time 1363, 136
4, 1365, 1366 and rotation waiting time 1367, 13
Only 68, 1369, and 1370 continue. In this case, no matter how fast the physical transfer rate PTR 1387 is, it is impossible to ensure the recording continuity. When the capacity of the buffer memory 219 is represented by BM, BM ÷ ST
During the period R, the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 becomes full, and the newly transferred video information cannot be temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219. As a result, video information that has not been temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219 cannot be continuously recorded.

As shown in FIG. 39, when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced, and the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is kept substantially constant on a global basis, the The continuity of video information recording viewed from the external system is ensured without overflowing the temporarily stored video information. SA for each coarse access time
Ti (Seek Access Time of the objective lens), the average coarse access time after n times of access is SATa, and the video information recording time for each access is DWTi (Data Write Ti).
me), an average video information recording time for recording video information on the information storage medium after each access, which is obtained as an average value after n times of access, is defined as DWTa. The rotation waiting time for each rotation is defined as MWTi (Spindle Motor Wait Time).
And the average rotation waiting time after accessing n times is MWTa.

The amount of video information data transferred from the outside to the buffer memory 219 during the entire access period when accessing n times is Becomes Between this value and the amount of video information transferred from the buffer memory 219 to the information storage medium 201 at the time of video information recording by accessing n times (PTR-STR) × {DWTi} (PTR-STR) × n · DWTa (2) When (PTR−STR) × n · DWTa ≧ STR × n × (SATa + JATa + MWTa) That is, (PTR−STR) × DWTa ≧ STR × (SATa + JATa + MWTa) (3) When recording video information viewed from the external system side Continuity is ensured. Here, assuming that the average time required for one access is Ta, Ta = SATa + JATa + MWTa (4). Therefore, the expression (3) is modified to (PTR-STR) × DWTa ≧ STR × Ta (5). The present invention is characterized in that the lower limit of the data size to be continuously recorded after one access is limited to reduce the average number of accesses. The data area to be continuously recorded on the information storage medium after one access is “Co
ntiguous DataArea ”. From equation (5), DWTa ≧ STR × Ta / (PTR−STR) (6)

Since the Contiguous Data Area size CDAS is obtained by CDAS = DWTa × PTR (7), CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × Ta / (PTR−STR) (8) from the expressions (6) and (7). Cont for enabling continuous recording from equation (8)
The lower limit of the iguous Data Area size can be specified. The time required for coarse access and fine access greatly depends on the performance of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

It is now assumed that SATa is 200 ms.
Assume (9). As described above, for example, MWTa ≒ 1
8ms, JATa ≒ 5ms are used for calculation.

In a 2.6 GB DVD-RAM, TR = 11.08 Mbps (10). When the average transfer rate of MPEG2 is STR ≒ 4 Mbps (11), CDAS ≧ 1.4 Mbits (12) is obtained by substituting the above numerical value into the equation (8). When SATa + JATa + MWTa = 1.5 seconds (13) as another estimation, CDAS ≧ 9.4 Mbits (14) from the equation (8). Also, since the maximum transfer rate of MPEG2 is specified as STR = 8 Mbps (15) or less according to the recording / reproducing DVD standard, CDAS ≧ 43.2 Mbits when the value of the expression (15) is substituted into the expression (8). $ 5.4 MBytes (16) is obtained.

The management of the boundary position of the above Contiguous Data Area is performed on the recording / reproducing application 1 and is shown in FIG.
Boundary position information management is performed by providing the Allocation Map Table 1105 with a data structure as shown in FIG.

[0464] Linear Repl as a replacement method for a defective area generated on the information storage medium with reference to FIG.
A comparison of acement and Skipping Replacement was given. Here, the LBN (Logical Block
Number) setting method will be mainly described. As described above, the entire recording area on the information storage medium is divided into sectors of 2048 bytes, and all the sectors are physically assigned a physical sector number (PSN) in advance.
mber). This PSN is an information recording / reproducing device (ODD: Optical Disk Dri) as described in FIG.
ve) 3.

As shown in FIG. 39 (β), Linear Repl
In the acement method, the setting place of the substitute area 3455 is Spare
It is limited to Area 724 and cannot be set at any location. If there is no defective area on the information storage medium, LBN is allocated to all sectors in the user area 723, and the spare area 724 is allocated.
No LBN is set for the sectors inside. User Area
When a defect area 3451 in units of ECC blocks occurs in the area 723, the setting of the LBN at this location is removed (346).
1), the LBN value is set for each sector in the replacement area 3455. In the example of FIG.
The value of “b” is set as the PSN of the first sector and the value of “a” is set as the LBN. Similarly, the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3442 is “b + 32”, LB
N is set to “a + 32”. As data to be recorded on the information storage medium, recording data # 1, recording data # 2, recording data # 3 as shown in FIG.
Exists, the recording area 3441 stores the recording data #
1 is recorded, and recording data # 3 is recorded in the recording area 3442.
Is recorded. Sandwiched between recording areas 3441 and 3442,
If the area where the PSN of the first sector starts with “b + 16” is the defective area 3451, no data is recorded here and no LBN is set. Instead
The recording data # 2 is stored in the replacement area 3455 in which the PSN of the first sector in the Spare Area 724 starts with “d”.
Is recorded, and an LBN starting with the first sector “a + 16” is set.

As shown in FIG. 6, the address managed by File System 2 is LBN, and
Since the LBN is set to avoid the defective area 3451 in the method, the File System 2 does not need to be aware of the defective area 3451 on the information storage medium.
It is a feature of the law. Conversely, in this case, FileSy
On the stem 2 side, a defective area 3451 on the information storage medium
There is also a drawback in that it is not possible to take measures.

[0467] On the other hand, Skipping Replacement
In the method, as shown in FIG.
An important feature of the present invention lies in that an LBN is also set for No. 2 so that the file system 2 can also deal with a defect area generated on the information storage medium (enter within the management range). In the example of FIG. 39 (γ), the LBN of the first sector of the defective area 3452 is set to “a + 16”.
Also, a replacement area 3456 for the defect area 3452
The following feature of the present invention resides in that it can be set at any position in the User Area 723. As a result, the defective area 345
The replacement area 3456 is arranged immediately after the recording area # 2, and the recording data # 2 to be originally recorded on the defect area 3452 can be immediately recorded in the substitution area 3456. Li shown in FIG. 39 (β)
In the near Replacement method, it is necessary to move the optical head to the Spare Area 724 in order to record the recording data # 2, and it takes a long time to access the optical head. On the other hand, in the Skipping Replacement method, the access of the optical head is unnecessary, and the recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defective area. As shown in FIG. 39 (γ), in the Skipping Replacement method, Spare Area 7
24 is not used and is treated as a non-recording area 3459. When the recording method shown in FIG. 39 (β) is performed, the optical head is frequently physically moved.

On the other hand, the point of the embodiment shown in FIG. 39 showing the major feature of the present invention and the effect corresponding thereto are as follows: A) An LBN is set for the defect region 3452.

.. Linear Replac shown in FIG. 39 (β)
The LBN is not directly added to the defect area in the ement method or the defect processing method shown in FIG.
The exact defect area is not known from the data. In the case where the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium is small, FIG.
It is possible to completely leave the defect management to the information recording / reproducing device 3 as shown in FIG. Further, when a large number of defects exceeding the size of the Spare Area occur, a failure occurs if the defect management is performed only by the information recording / reproducing device 3. On the other hand, if the LBN is set in the defective area 3452 so that the location of the defective area 3452 can be recognized even on the File System 2 side, the information is recorded by the method shown in steps ST3-05 to -07 of the recording procedure described later. The playback device 3 and the File System 2 can cooperate in performing defect processing, and even if a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium, it is possible to continuously record video information without failure.

B] LB generated in User Area 723
The defect region 3452 in which N is set is left as it is in the LBN space.

.. Linear Replac shown in FIG.
LB for ement method and the same Skipping Replacement method
As the N setting method, as shown in FIG.
LB in 724 (extended area 743 used for information recording)
When N is set, a problem occurs when the recorded information is deleted and new information is recorded (although no problem occurs during the initial recording).

That is, when viewed from File System 2, L
All consecutive addresses are set in the BN space (the LBN set in the Spare Area 746 is User
F that it was physically located away from Area723
file system 2)
Attempts to record information in a continuous range on the LBN space. Once the LBN has been set in the Spare Area 724, the information recording / reproducing device 3 must record information on the information storage medium in accordance with the designation of the File System 2, and at the time of recording, the LBN setting location on the Spare Area 724 And the information recording needs to be performed, the access frequency of the optical head increases, the amount of temporary storage of video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing device becomes saturated, and as a result, continuous recording may not be possible. .

On the other hand, if the LBN set as shown in FIG. 39 (γ) is always set in the User Area 723, unnecessary information of the optical head is required when another information is recorded at that location after deleting information. Access can be restricted, and continuous recording of video information becomes possible.

[0474] C] A substitute area 3456 is set immediately after the defective area 3452 generated in the User Area 723.

.., As described above, is shown in FIG.
Compared to the Linear Replacement method, Ski shown in Fig. 39 (γ)
In the pping replacement method, the recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defective area. As a result, unnecessary access of the optical head can be limited, and continuous recording of video information can be performed. There is a place to say.

As described with reference to FIGS. 33 to 37, the Contiguous Data Area for ensuring continuous recording of video information
Recording in units and partial erasure processing are required. FIG.
In the case where a small amount of video information 3513 to be additionally recorded is added to the already recorded video information 3511 as in (a), in the present invention, as shown in FIG.
Data Area # 3 3507 is secured, and the remaining part is managed as an unused area 3515. When a small amount of video information 3514 to be additionally recorded is additionally recorded, the video information 3514 is recorded from the head position of the unused area 3515. As a method of managing the head position of the unused area 3516, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, LBN
/ UDF, LBN / UDF-PS, LBN / UDF-CDAF
ix, LBN / XXX, and LBN / XXX-PS use Information Length 3517 information. Information Length information 3517 is recorded in File Entry 3520 as shown in FIG. This Information Length 3517 means the information size actually recorded from the beginning of the AV file as shown in FIG.

In some embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to cope with the Contiguous Data Area at the time of partial erasure in an AV file. In the embodiment of the present invention, LB
In N / UDF and LBN / XXX, as shown in FIG.
Completely delete the part to be erased without securing the boundary position of ea. This is the part to be erased as shown in FIG.
Video Object # B3532 is Extent # 2 (CD
A: Contiguous Data Area # β) and Extent # 4
In the case where a part of (CDA # δ) is straddled, after erasing FIG.
As shown in (b), Extent # 6 3546 and Extent
# 7 The size of 3547 is Contiguous Data Area
It becomes smaller than the minimum allowable value.

On the other hand, among the embodiments, XX, XX
-PS, LBN / ODD and LBN / ODD-PS in each embodiment,
Performs taArea boundary position management. That is, as shown in FIG. 38, Contiguous Da
Since the boundary position information of ta Area is recorded,
o When erasing Object #B 3532, the portion of CDA # β3536 and CDA # δ3538 on the recording / reproducing application 1 side is newly defined as unused VOBs 3552 and 3553, and as shown in FIG. 33 and FIG. Use V
Video Object in the same format as OB # A information 3196
Register additionally in Control Information. This configuration is shown in FIG.

In the embodiment, LBN / UDF-CDA
Fix, LBN / UDF-PS, LBN / XXX-PS
In the embodiment, the File System 2 side uses Contiguo
Performs boundary position management of usData Area. LBN / UD
In the F-CDA Fix, the CDA is divided in advance in the entire recording area on the information storage medium as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 45, UDF Volume Recognition S
Boot Descrip which is a boot area in equence 444
In the tor 447, boundary position management information of the Contiguous Data Area is recorded. Each CDA is an individual CD
A Entry 3555 and 3556 are separately managed, and a size 3557 and a head LBN 3558 are recorded.
The LBN / UDF-PS and LBN / XXX-PS do not have such prior information and can set the CDA area arbitrarily.

[0480] Video O to be deleted from the recording / reproduction application 1
When the AV address and data size of the head position of bject #B 3532 are specified, File System 2
The partial erasure locations related to DA # β and CDA # δ are registered as unused Extents 3548 and 3549 in the File Entry of the AV file. Unused Extent
The identification information of 3548 and 3549 is the file information of the video information (AV file) as shown in FIG.
Allocation Descriptors 4 in Entry 3520
20 as Long Allocation Descriptor and Implem
An “unused Extent flag” is set as an attribute in the “entation Use 3528, 412”. When a DVD-RAM disk is used as the information storage medium, FIG.
As shown in (1), recording and partial deletion processing are required for each ECC block 502. Therefore, ECC block boundary position management is required. In this case, when the management of the boundary position of the deletion designation area and the ECC block boundary position are shifted, FIG.
Unused Extent 3548 in a few places as in (b),
3549 is set, and an “unused Extent flag” is added as an attribute as shown in FIG.

The description of the unused area setting method set at the time of additional recording / partial erasure to secure the CDA boundary position and the ECC block boundary position will be described above with reference to FIGS.
It was explained with reference to.

FIG. 46 describes other embodiments collectively. The embodiment shown by the circle 6 in FIG.
The unused area start LBN is recorded in the ementation use, and the content is slightly different from the above-described embodiment of FIG. 41 in which an “unused extent flag” is set at the same location. Among the embodiments of the present invention, the difference between the LBN / UDF and the Extent setting method after recording the video information in LBN / XXX will be described with reference to FIG. 47 and FIG. In both cases, defect management information is recorded on the information storage medium for a defective area on the information storage medium found at the time of recording the video information. LBN / UDF stores defect management information in File
It is recorded in a management area called TDM managed by System 2. In LBN / UDF, defect management is performed on File System 2, so that defect
nt # 4 3574 can be set (FIG. 47 (e)). L
In BN / XXX, defect management information is recorded in a management area called TDL which is managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3, and the defect area 35
Extent is set to avoid 66 (FIG. 48).

As shown in FIG. 47 and FIG.
Let's consider the case where Extent is set to avoid. Now, after the AV information is recorded in the form of FIG. 47 and FIG. After the AV information recording is completed, another PC file is recorded in the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566 (in this case,
Linear Replacement processing is performed).

[0485] 2. In order to delete the previously recorded AV file, the Contiguous Data shown in FIGS.
Area #B is deleted.

[0485] 3. Contiguo just deleted another AV information
There is a possibility that a process of recording in the location of us Data Area #B may occur. In this case, in the LBN space, the PC file has already been recorded at the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566.

In the embodiment LBN / XXX of the present invention, FIG.
Across existing PC file 3582 as shown in
The place where the Contiguous Data Area 3593 can be set also has a significant feature. The specific setting method is described in detail in the explanation place of FIG. 53 described later. Contiguous
In the present invention, the setting conditions of the Data Area 3593 are as follows: a) Existing PC file 3582 that can exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, or Linear Repl
The total number Npc of defective areas 3586 subjected to acement processing satisfies the expression (28).

B) The total defect size Lskip requiring Skipping Replacement in the Contiguous Data Area including the defect area 3586 which has been previously subjected to Skipping Replacement must satisfy the equation (29).

C) Contiguous Data Area 3593
Existing PC file 3582 that may exist in or earlier
When the optical head accesses the next recording area in the contiguous data area while avoiding the defective area 3586 subjected to the linear replacement processing, a coarse access time 1348;
Make 1376 unnecessary.

... The existing PC file 3582, or Li before, to the extent that coarse access is not required when accessing the optical head
near Replacement The size of the processed defective area 3586 is set to be small.

[0490] A in the Contiguous Data Area 3593
When recording V information: 1) Existing PC file 3582 that can exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, previously Linear Replacement
t The time during which the optical head accesses the next recording area while avoiding the processed defective area 3586; and 2) the period during which the skipping processing is performed on the defective area 3587 that has been subjected to Skipping Replacement processing at the time of the previous recording and the defective area that is first discovered at the time of this recording. Means that no AV information is recorded on the information storage medium. Therefore, during this period, the temporary storage amount of the video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus is the coarse access time 134 in FIG.
8, the dense access time 1343, and the rotation wait time 1346, continue to increase in exactly the same manner. Therefore, this period corresponds to the coarse access time 1348 and the fine access time 1 shown in FIG.
343 and the rotation waiting time 1346 can be handled in the same row. Defect area 3 in the Contiguous Data Area 3593 that was processed by Skipping Replacement during the previous recording
587 and the total size of the defective area which is first discovered at the time of the current recording and requires the skipping process is defined as Lskip.

[0491] Total time to pass through Lskip location Tskip
Becomes Tskip = Lskip ÷ PTR (21) Taking this condition into account, the expression (8) is modified as follows: CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip) / (PTR−STR)

[0492] Existing PC file 3582 that may exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, previously Linear Repl
When the optical head accesses the next recording area while avoiding the defective area 3586 subjected to acement processing, access by track jump is performed.
348, 1376 existing PCfile to unnecessary level
The size of the defect area 3586, which has been previously subjected to the linear replacement processing, is reduced to the size of 3582. General DVD
In the RAM drive, the moving distance of the objective lens at the time of dense access is about ± 200 μm, and the track pitch of the DVD-RAM disk Pt = 0.74 μm (23) The minimum data size per track Dt = 17 × 2 kBytes = 34 kBytes (24 ) From existing PC file 3582, formerly Linear Replac
The size per defective area 3586 subjected to ement processing must be 200 / 0.74 × 34 = 9190 kBytes (25) or less. Considering the margins of various places, the actual allowable maximum size is 1/4 of equation (25), 23
00 kBytes or less is desirable. When the above condition is satisfied, the access to the next recording area in the Contiguous Data Area only needs to consider the fine access time 1343 and the rotation waiting time 1346, and the fine access time 1343 required for one access is sufficient. Is JATa, rotation waiting time 1346 is MWTa, and Contiguous D
Existing PC file 3582 in ata Area and Linea
Assuming that the total number of the defective areas 3586 subjected to the r Replacement processing is Npc, the total access time Tpc required to avoid the above area is as follows: Tpc = Npc × (JATa + MWTa) (26) Taking this time into account, the expression (22) is modified as follows: CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip + Tpc) / (PTR−STR) (27)

(10) When the values of (13) and (15) are used, when (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 20%, CD
When AS ≧ 6.5 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10% CD
AS ≧ 5.9 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5% CD
AS ≧ 5.7MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3% CD
AS ≧ 5.6 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1% CD
AS ≧ 5.5 MBytes.

From the expressions (27) and (26), Npc ≦ {[CDAS × (PTR-STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tskip} / (JATa + MWTa) (28) Expressions (27) and (21) Lskip ≦ {[CDAS × (PTR−STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tpc} × PTR (29) can be derived from the equation.

(28) Each value of the expressions (10), (13) and (15) and MWTa ≒ 18 ms, JATa ≒ 5 ms
Is used, (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%, when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 6 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%, and when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 3 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%, Tskip = When 0, Npc ≦ 1 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%, and when Tskip = 0, Npc ≦ 0. Using the values of the equations (29), (10), (13), and (15), (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 10%, and when Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 208 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 5%, Tpc = 0 Lskip ≦ 104 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 3% when Tpc = 0, Lskip ≦ 62 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 1% when Tpc = 0, and Lskip ≦ 0 kBytes when Tpc = 0.

The above description has been made with reference to FIG. 35 as a conceptual diagram of an AV information recording system. When examining the basic concept, there is no problem in FIG. 35, but a system concept model of a recording system shown in FIG. 50 is used for more detailed examination.

In the case of recording with the PC system shown in FIG.
The AV information input from the outside is converted into a digital compression signal via the MPEG gorge 134, temporarily recorded in the main memory 112, and transferred to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 shown in FIG. You. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 also has a buffer memory 219, and the transferred digital AV information is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219.

A method of the present invention for recording AV information continuously for a long period of time without interruption even when a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium will be described below.

A major feature of the AV information recording method according to the present invention is that, as shown in FIG. 51, a step of determining whether or not a file to be recorded is an AV file (ST01). (ST02) * Step of recording AV information on information storage medium (S02)
T03) * Step of recording information arrangement information actually recorded on the information storage medium in a management area on the information storage medium (ST0)
4). This process is mainly File Sy
Stem 2 is the center and controls.

FIG. 52 shows the contents of step ST01 of FIG. 51 in more detail, FIG. 53 shows the contents of step ST02 of FIG. 51 in more detail, and FIG. 54 shows the contents of step ST01 of FIG.
The contents of 03 are shown in more detail. FIG. 55 shows the details of step ST04 in FIG. 51 in more detail.

[0501] All processes for the information storage medium, such as information recording, information reproduction, and partial deletion of information in the AV file, are performed by the recording / reproducing application 1 in FIG.
Is started for the first time after giving an outline of the processing to.
The outline of the processing shown to the File System 2 is notified by issuing the SDK API Command 4 from the recording / reproducing application 1 side. SDK API Command
When the file system 4 receives the command, the FileSystem 2 side specifically shreds the content of the instruction, issues a DDK Interface Command 5 to the information recording / reproducing device 3, and executes a specific process.

Embodiments of the Present Invention LBN / UDF, LBN
API commands required to enable the processing shown in FIG. 51 in / XXX (SDK API Comman
d4) is shown in FIG.

[0503] The partial content addition portion and the new command portion in the command type 3405 in Fig. 56 are within the scope of the present invention.
A series of processing methods performed by the recording / reproducing application 1 using the API command will be described below.

<AV Information Recording Process> 1st STEP: Notify the OS of the start of recording and the attribute of the target file (AV file or PC file) by Create File Command.

[0505] 2nd STEP: Set Unrecorded Are
a Specify the expected maximum size of the AV information to be recorded on the information storage medium by using Commend. 3rd STEP: Notify the OS / File System side of the AV information transfer process by using Write File Command (issue a command to the OS multiple times). .

4th STEP: After a series of AV information recording processing is completed, if the size of the AV information to be recorded is known at a later date, a Set Unrecorded Area Command is issued to preliminarily set the area for recording the next AV information. It is also possible to reserve them.

In the information storage medium of the present invention, both the AV information and the PC information can be recorded on the same information storage medium. Therefore, before recording the next AV information, the PC information is recorded in the empty area, and the empty area may be exhausted at the next AV information recording.

In order to prevent this, an unused area of a large size is set in the AV file, and the next AV information recording location can be reserved in advance. (This 4th STEP may not be executed.) 5th STEP: Notify the OS / File System side of the end of a series of recording processing by Close Handle Command. * Write File except for adding an AV file attribute flag to Create File Command. Command, Close
Both the Handle Command and the conventional PC information recording command are used as they are. By making such settings, there is no need to change the program due to the change of the video information recording method in the upper layer near the API interface in the OS internally hierarchized internally, and the existing OS software can be used as it is in the upper layer And On the File System side belonging to the lower OS part close to the information recording / reproducing apparatus, the file system side alone determines whether the target file is an AV file or a PC file by the method shown in FIG. 52, and issues a use command to the information recording / reproducing apparatus. We are sorting out.

* All addressing of recording location is AV
Set with Address.

<AV / PC Information Reproduction Processing> 1st STEP: Notify the OS of the start of reproduction by Create File Command, 2nd STEP: A series of reproduction processing by Read File Command (a command is issued to OS multiple times) Is notified to the OS / File System side by the 3rd STEP: Close Handle Command. * Playback processing is common to both AV files and PC files.

* All playback location addresses are AV
Set with Address.

<Partial Deletion Process in AV File> 1st STEP: Notify the OS of the name of the file to be partially deleted by Create File Command.

[0513] 2nd STEP: Delete Part Of Fi
Instruct the deletion process within the specified range by le Command.

[0514]… Delete Part Of File Command
Then, the AV Address to start deleting and the data size to be deleted are specified by parameters.

[0515] 3rd STEP: Close Handle Comma
The end of a series of playback processing by OS / File System
Notify the side.

<Query the size of an unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded on the information storage medium> 1st STEP: Get AV Free Space Size Comm
Query the size of the unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded by and, and execute the Get AV Free Space Size Command
By just issuing it to the OS, an answer of the unrecorded area size is obtained from the OS.

<Defragmentation
ation) processing> 1st STEP: Defragmentation processing for AV file is performed by AV Defragmentation Command.
Instruct S side.

* AV Defragmentation Command Defragmentation processing for AV files can be performed alone.

* A specific processing method for the AV Defragmentation Command is scattered on the information storage medium.
File information with small Extent size is moved for each Extent, and the Contiguous Data Area in the unrecorded area is moved.
Perform processing to expand the reserved space.

[0520] FIG. 57 shows a list of DDK Interface Commands 5 issued by the File System 2 to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 after the above SDK API Command 4 has been concretely crushed. Commands other than READ Command are commands newly presented in the present invention or commands obtained by partially modifying existing commands.

[0521] The information recording / reproducing apparatus is, for example, IEEE139.
4 and the like, and information transfer processing between a plurality of devices is performed at the same time. The information recording / reproducing devices 3 and 140 are connected to only one main CPU 111. On the other hand, when it is connected to IEEE 1394 or the like, it is connected to the main CPU of each device. Therefore, the Slot_ID, which is identification information of each device, is used so as not to transfer another information to another device by mistake. This Slot_ID is issued on the information recording / reproducing device 3 or 140 side. GET FREE S
The LOT_ID Command is issued on the File System 2 side, declares the start and end of AV information with the AV WRITE start flag and AV WRITE end flag as parameters, and issues a Slot_ID to the information recording / reproducing device when the AV information start is declared. Give instructions.

[0522] The recording start position in the AV WRITE Command is the current position (the previous AV WRITE Co
The next AV information is recorded from the LBN position where recording has been completed by mmand). Each AV WR
The ITE Command is set with an AV WRITE number, and the previously issued AV recorded in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus as a command cache.
This AV WRITE for WRITE Command
DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND C using TE number
ommand can cancel the issue.

As shown in FIG. 36, a GET WRITE STATUS Command exists so that the File System 2 can perform appropriate processing before the AV information temporary storage amount in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus is saturated. This G
By returning the margin in the buffer memory 219 as the return value 3344 of the ET WRITE STATUS Command, the status in the buffer memory 219 can be grasped on the File System 2 side. In the embodiment of the present invention, one defect-free one
AV information of the Contiguous Data Area recorded
This GET WR every time it is issued by WRITE Command
Insert ITE STATUSCommand and GET WRITE STATUS
Contiguous of the survey target size and the survey start LBN, which are the command parameters 3343 in the Command
Match to Data Area. Also GET WRITE ST
The return value 334 is set to the ATUS Command as a value of the head LBN of each ECC block using the defect area found in the target range.
4, the Extent after AV information recording
This information is used for setting (ST4-04 in FIG. 55).

[0524] SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP
Command is LB for all recording locations before recording AV information
A command to notify the information recording / reproducing device in advance as N information.
Extent The start position (LBN) and Extent size are used as command parameters. The scheduled recording location on this information storage medium is the GET PERFORMANCE Command
Return value 3344 of Zone boundary position information and LB
This is set based on the DMA information after N conversion.

The detailed processing method in each step shown in FIG. 51 will be further described below.

[0526] As shown in Fig. 23 or Fig. 58 (f), the identification information of the AV file includes the Flags field in IB tag 418 of FileEntry 3520.
AV file identification flag 3362 in CBTag 3361
Is set, and by setting this flag to “1”, it can be identified whether the file is an AV file.

As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24 or FIG.
AV file identification flag 336 in scriptor 3364
4 can also be set.

FIG. 52 shows a specific flowchart of the step of determining whether or not the file is an AV file shown in ST01 of FIG.

[0529] Create File Comm from the recording / playback application 1 side
Processing starts only after and is issued. The method of identifying an AV file differs depending on conditions. * When creating a new AV file, Create File Comm
The AV file is identified using the AV file attribute flag in and, and when adding AV information to an already existing AV file, it is already recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 58 or FIG. The AV file is identified using the attribute flag of the file.

By using this method, it is not necessary to manage the attributes (AV files or PC files) of each file on the application program 1 side (File System
(2) Automatically determine and switch the recording processing method)
The effect is as follows.

By adopting such a method, when the file is a PC file, the conventional WRITE Comma
Performs nd and Linear Replacement processing, and for AV files, AV WRITE Command, Skipping Replacem
Perform ent processing.

[0532] In the recording / reproducing application 1, the Create File Comm
and After the issuance, set the expected maximum value of the AV information recording scheduled size, and issue the Set Unrecorded Area Command. Based on the specified information, the defect distribution obtained by the GET PERFORMANCE Command and the zone boundary position information, the Contiguous DataAr
Set ea. In the embodiment of the present invention, LBN /
When the embodiment of XXX is used, equations (25) and (27) are used as the setting conditions.

[0533] Based on the result, the
AllocationDescriptors information in the File Entry is recorded in advance (ST2-07). Through this step, a) When connecting to, for example, IEEE 1394 and performing recording with a plurality of devices simultaneously and in parallel, it is possible to prevent other information from being recorded at the scheduled recording position.

B) Even if the recording is interrupted due to a power failure or the like during continuous recording of AV information, the information up to immediately before the interruption can be saved by sequentially tracing scheduled recording positions after restart.

The following merits (effects) can be obtained. Then SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Command
Then, the information recording / reproducing apparatus is notified of the scheduled recording position information (ST2-08). The information recording / reproducing apparatus knows the recording position and the recording order on the information storage medium in advance by this advance notification.
Even if ipping replacement processing occurs frequently, continuous recording can be continued without stopping recording processing.

The details of the AV information continuous recording step shown in step ST03 of FIG. 51 will be described with reference to FIG.

[0537] As shown in Fig. 40, Information Lengt
The recording start position in the AV file is confirmed in advance using the h3517 information (ST03-01). When a Write File Command is issued from the recording / reproduction application 1 (S
T3-02) GET with AV WRITE start flag set
Issue a FREE SLOT_ID Command to cause the information recording / reproducing device 3 to issue a SLOT_ID (ST3-03).

FIG. 60 schematically shows a continuous recording processing method after ST3-04. The video information # 1, # 2, and # 3 stored in the main memory by the AV WRITE Command are periodically transferred to the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus. Buffer memory 21 of information recording / reproducing device
The video information stored in 9 is recorded on the information storage medium via the optical head 202. When a defective area 3351 occurs on the information storage medium 201, a Skipping Replacem
Although the ent process is performed, during this time, the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus increases because the video information is not recorded on the information storage medium 201. File System 2 gets GET WRITE periodically
STATUS Command is issued and the buffer memory 219 is issued.
Monitors the amount of temporarily stored video information in the building. If the amount of temporarily stored video information is likely to be saturated, File System
1) Issue DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND Command and cancel a part of the command cache in the information recording / reproducing device. 2) Limit (reduce) the amount of video information to be transferred to the information recording / reproducing device by the next AV WRiTE Command. 3) Next AV WRiTE C issued to the information recording / reproducing device
One of the processes of delaying the issuance time up to ommand and waiting until the amount of temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus becomes small is performed.

[0539] As shown in Fig. 61, the partial erasure processing method in the AV file is performed in accordance with the A method recorded on the information storage medium.
No action is taken on V information, File System 2
Rewriting of the above File Entry information (ST0 in FIG. 61)
9) Only the process of changing the information related to the UDF is performed. Then, in order to register the partially erased location as an unrecorded area, an Unallocated Space which is unrecorded area information on the UDF is registered.
Table452 or Unallocated Spase Bitmap4
The above-mentioned partial erasure location is added to 35 information (ST10).
Finally, management information is rewritten to the recorded video management data file (ST11).

That is, the partial erasure position and range from the recording / reproduction application 1 in step ST08 of FIG.
When notifying the second side, "Delete Part" shown in FIG.
OfFile Command ”(partial erase command). Since the file size of the conventional PC file is relatively small, the entire remaining file after the partial erase is overwritten on the information storage medium.
API Command 4 has only an entire file erase command or an entire file rewrite command.
Did not exist. On the other hand, when video information (AV information) is recorded on the information storage medium, the file size is larger in order size than the PC file size. Therefore, the conventional whole file rewrite command requires a considerable time for the partial erasing process. In order to solve the problem, the present invention newly employs “Delete Part Of FileCo
mmand "to enable a partial erasure process in a short time. As shown in FIG. 56," Delete Part Of Fi
In “le Command”, the command parameter 3403 contains “deletion start pointer” information and “deletion data size”.
The information is specified by AVAddress. File
In System 2, the AV Address information is converted into LBN information to change the setting of Extent, and the information is converted to the information shown in FIG.
File Entr for the above AV file as shown in 1.
Rewrite AllocationDescriptors 420 in y 3520.

As an example of recording defect management information, a defect Ex
How to register a tent (Long Al to AV File)
Adopt location descriptor and implement
e) (defect flag is set)
The method of setting Extents 3548 and 3549 has been described. In FIG. 44, a defect area 3 generated at the time of recording is shown.
Extent # 1 3571, # 2 35 avoiding 566
The method of dividing 72 was specified.

A method of recording and managing defect management information and unused area information by combining the above methods will be described as another embodiment of the present invention.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 62, Contiguous Data
Since VOB # 2 3618, which is a small data size, was additionally recorded in Area # β 3602, it was contiguous.
Unused area in shortage in Data Area # β 3602
Extent 3613 is set. Next AV File
When video information or AV information is additionally recorded in 3620, the head position of the unused area Extent 3613 (h + g for LBN, k + g for PSN)
Recording is started from.

Although not shown, VOB # 1 361
VOB # 3 is Contig between VOB7 and VOB # 2 3618
continuous Data Area # α 3601 and Contiguous Da
taArea # β3602 was present partially. Contiguous Da with the partial erasure of VOB # 3
ta Area # α 3601 and Contiguous DataArea
The processing described in FIG. 44 is performed on the portion of VOB # 3 straddling # β 3602, and the unused area Extent 36
11 and unused area Extent 3612 to File System
Set on two sides. Also, when a VBN # 1 was recorded, a defect was found in units of ECC blocks with an LBN in the range of "h + a" to "h + b-1".
The defect information was set as Extent 3609 without recording the V information. Thus, Contiguous Data Area # α
3601 and Contiguous Data Area # β 360
2, a recording area Extent 3605 and a defect area Ex
tent 3609, recording area Extent 3606, unused area Extent 3611, unused area Extent 361
2. Recording area Extent 3607, unused area Extent
3613 are lined up, but they are all AV File 362
Alloc in the FileEntry of AV File 3620 as described at the bottom of FIG.
All Extents are registered as ation Descriptors.

[0545] One of the major features of FIG. 62 is that the Tertiary Defect Map (TD) in the defect management information area (DMA) is particularly important.
M) There is no independent defect management table as shown in 3472, and only the defect area Extent 3609 information registered in the File Entry is the defect management information. AV File 3620 File Entry
The attribute identification information of each Extent in Allocation Descriptors is shown in Implementation Us shown in FIG.
e 3528. That is, in FIG.
Long A as a method of describing Allocation Descriptors
Implement llocation Descriptor
When the value of the “Use Use 3528” is “0h”, it indicates “Extent of the recording area”, and “Ah” means “Extent of the unused area”, and “Fh” means “Extent of the defective area”. ing. According to the official UDF standard, Implementation Use 3528 is described in 6 bytes, but in FIG. 63, only the lower 4 bits are represented for simplification of the description. In FIG. 62, LBN and PSN are set for both the defective area and the unused area, and the LBN and PSN are all values that have been translated. That is, the feature of the embodiment of the present invention resides in that the LBN does not jump from the PSN as occurs as a result of the Linear Replacement processing. Recording area Extent
AV Address is assigned only to the locations where 3605, 3606, and 3607 exist. This AV Addre
ss is the defect area Extent 360 in AVFile 3620
9 and unused area Extent 3611, 3612, 361
The numbers are set in the order of the Allocation Descriptors described in the File Entry for all the sectors except 3 in order. That is, the LBN of the first sector of the recording area Extent 3605 is “h”, the PSN is “k”, and the AV Address
Is set to “0” and the recording area Extent 360
7, the LBN of the first sector is "h + f", the PSN is "k + f", and the AV Address is "a + cb".
It has become.

[0546] ECC for DVD-RAM discs
Information is recorded on a block 502 basis. Therefore, in FIG. 62 of the embodiment of the present invention, the file system 2 side is properly managed so as to be recorded in ECC block units. That is, the File System 2 controls so that recording can be performed in ECC block units by setting the Extent. Explaining in detail, “a” and “b” in FIG.
“D”, “e”, and “j” are all set to be “multiples of 16”, and Contiguous Data Area # α 3601
The start position of the Contiguous Data Area # β 3602 is set to the start position in the ECC block, and the end position is set to the end position in the ECC block.

[0547] Since the defect area is subjected to defect processing in ECC block units, the start and end positions of the defect area Extent 3609 coincide with the start position and end position in the ECC block. Individual VOB # 1 3616, 361 in FIG.
7 and VOB # 2 3618 size need not necessarily be recorded in units of 16 sectors, and VOB # 1 361
6, 3617 and partial ECC for VOB # 2 3618
Excess from the block is unused area Extent 36
11, 3612, and 3613 are corrected.

The recording method of video information or AV information in the embodiment shown in FIG. 62 employs the same recording method as that of FIG. The only different part is the tertiary defect list in the DMA area in ST4-01 in FIG. 55;
Recording in the rtiary Defect List (TDL) 3414 becomes unnecessary, and the Extent information in ST4-04 has a defect Ex.
Tent 3609 and unused area Extent 3611, 36
12, 3613 are added.

In the playback procedure, “AVAddress → L
BN conversion → PSN conversion ”is performed, but“ AVAddr
ess → LBN conversion ”at the time of Al in File Entry
The attribute of each Extent is detected from the location Descriptors, and the recording area Extent 3605, 3606, 360
There is a great feature in that only 7 is subjected to reproduction (selection processing for defect Extent 3609 and unused area Extents 3611, 3612, and 3613).

[0550] Also, during the partial erasure processing in the file, the AV
At the time of rewriting the Extent information in the File Entry of the file (ST09), it is necessary to appropriately insert the unused area Extent in consideration of the Contiguous Data Area size and the location of the ECC block boundary area.

Next, the gist of the present invention will be summarized as follows.

[0555] (1) The first recording unit to be recorded on the information storage medium means a sector unit for every 2048 kBytes, and a logical address LBN is set for one sector. As shown in FIGS. 32 to 33, sectors having continuous LBNs are aggregated to form Extent #.
α3166, # γ3168, and # δ3169. The second recording unit is Contiguous Data Ar
42, the CDA size and the Extent size match as shown in FIG. 42 and FIG.
As shown in Extent # 6 3546, # 7 3547
Is smaller than the CDA # β and # δ sizes. Also, as shown in FIG. 40, in principle, AV information is contiguous.
Data Area # 1 3505, # 2 3506, # 3
40 is recorded on the information storage medium in units of 3507. When the data size of the additionally recorded video information 3513, 3514 is smaller than the Contiguous Data Area size, unused areas 3515, 3516 are defined as shown in FIG. The unused areas 3515 and 3516 are defined as described above, and information to be recorded next is set so as to be recorded from the start position of the unused area. , The information can be reproduced continuously.

If the short-time video is recorded scattered all over the information storage medium without using the method of the present invention, the access time of the optical head is restricted, and it becomes impossible to continuously reproduce the video sequentially recorded. , Providing intermittent video to the user.

(2) The type of information (PC file or AV file) is determined by the method shown in FIG.
It is determined whether the command for the information storage medium adopts the conventional WRITE command (the defect processing method uses the Linear Replacement method) or the AV WRITE command shown in FIG. 57 (the defect processing method uses the Skipping Replacement method). Extent setting is performed for PC files without being aware of Contiguous DataArea.
Record AV information in Area units and
An unused area is set for a fraction of the recording information in the us Data Area.

[0555] In PC information, continuity at the time of recording is not always essential, but at the time of AV information recording, continuous recording is an essential condition. Therefore, AV information is automatically identified and
By performing recording in Data Area units and setting unused areas for fractions, continuous recording for AV information can be ensured.

[0556] Also, (3), Contiguous Data Area
The size is specified within a predetermined size. This gives A
Continuous recording can be guaranteed stably for V information.

[0557] Further, as shown in (4) and FIG. 40 (d), the size of the unused area is changed to "Total Exte
nt Size (that is, file size)-Information
Length ”is the conventional UDF for DVD-RAM
Unused areas 3515 and 3516 can be managed in a very simple manner without changing the standard.

(5) Also, the unused area is set to “unused VO”.
Treating as B "and managing on the recording / reproducing application side is an invention (different specific embodiment) different from the content of the fourth claim. Unused VOBs 3552 and 3552 shown in FIG.
The management information for 553 is Vide shown in FIG.
o Unused VOB # A 3 recorded in Object Control Information 1107 and specifically shown in FIG.
It has a data structure in 196. As a result, the unused area can be finely managed by managing the unused area on the recording / reproducing application 1 side that knows the AV information content.

Further, (6) and the contents to be recorded from the start position of the unused area in the file at the time of re-recording (at the time of additional recording) are shown in FIG. The recorded video information 3514 is recorded. As shown in FIG. 40, unused areas 3515 and 3516 are defined, and information to be recorded next is set so as to be recorded from the start position of the unused area. , The information can be reproduced continuously.

If the short time images are recorded scattered throughout the information storage medium without using the method of the present invention, the access time of the optical head is restricted and continuous reproduction of sequentially recorded images becomes impossible. , Providing intermittent video to the user.

(7) When information is partially erased, File
In the present invention, an unused VOB 355 managed by the recording / reproducing application 1 as shown in FIG.
There is a method of setting 2,3553, and a method of leaving unused Extents 3548, 3549 as shown in FIG.

When an erased portion is scattered in an AV file, as shown in FIGS. 43 and 44, CDA # γ 3
Complete deletion is performed in units of 537, and the remaining portion is left as an unused area, so that when another AV information is recorded (reused) again (since it has been deleted in units of CDA at the time of deletion), it is newly stored in this location. A simple CDA can be set easily, and a new CDA can be easily set.

Further, as another means of the present invention, 2048 kByte as the first recording unit with respect to the above (1)
Although the sector unit of s is the same, a method of collecting 16 sectors as a second recording unit, forming an ECC block as a unit for performing error correction, and recording so as to have an unused area in this ECC block, and As another means corresponding to (4), the file entry (Fi
le Entry) is also included in the present invention.

[0564] By recording in the ECC block unit including the unused area as described above, the data in the ECC block is reproduced to change a part of the ECC block, and after deinterleaving, the data is changed. Since it is not necessary to perform a read-modify-write process for recording after interleaving, it is possible to directly overwrite in units of ECC blocks, thereby providing an advantage that high-speed recording suitable for audio-video (AV) information can be performed.

[0565]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide a recording method capable of performing continuous recording stably without being affected even if a large number of defective areas are present on an information storage medium, and an information recording / reproducing apparatus for performing the recording method. Further, it is possible to provide an information storage medium (and a data structure of information recorded therein) in which information is recorded in a format most suitable for the stable continuous recording.

[0566] Even if a large number of defective areas exist on the information storage medium, video information management can be stably performed without imposing a load on the recording / reproducing application software layer (without causing the recording / reproducing application software layer to perform defect management). It is possible to provide an environment setting method (specifically, a method of recording, reproducing, and editing video information as a system). Further, according to the present invention, an information recording / reproducing apparatus or an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an optimal system for realizing the above environment can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of a characteristic portion of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an information recording / reproducing device and an application block according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration inside an information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a setting operation of a logical block number in an information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a defective portion processing operation in the information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a hierarchical structure of program software on a personal computer and an address space used in each hierarchy when recording and reproducing processing of video information is performed on a personal computer using recording and reproducing application software.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a personal computer.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a layout of schematic recording contents in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-in area in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-out area in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a physical sector number and a logical sector number.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a signal structure in a sector recorded in a data area.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a recording unit of information recorded in a data area.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between zones and groups in a data area.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a logical sector setting method in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a replacement processing method for a defective area in a data area.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example in which a file system is recorded on an information storage medium according to UDF.

FIG. 18 is a view showing a continuation of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a diagram simply showing the basic relationship between the structure of a hierarchical file system and the information content recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of a long allocation descriptor.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of a short allocation descriptor.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of the description contents of an unlocked space entry.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing a part of description contents of a file entry.

FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing a part of description contents of a file identification descriptor.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an example of a file system structure.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure on an information storage medium that can be recorded and reproduced.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in an AV file recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram of a directory structure of a data file in a data area.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in program chain control information.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of video information reproduction using a program chain.

FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram of a video information recording position setting method when an unused area is set in an AV file on the recording / reproduction application software side.

FIG. 32 shows a logical block number and AV in an AV file.
The figure which shows the relationship with an address.

FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram of a handling method when a part of the AV file is deleted when an unused area in the AV file is managed on the recording / playback application side in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure inside video object control information.

FIG. 35 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system shown for explaining continuity of a recording signal.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram of the state of the information storage amount in the semiconductor memory when the access frequency is the highest in the recording system.

FIG. 37 is an explanatory view of the state of the information storage amount in the semiconductor memory when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced in the recording system.

FIG. 38 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in an allocation map table when a boundary position of a continuous data area is managed by a recording / reproducing application in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram for comparing spiking replacement and linear replacement when the information recording / reproducing apparatus manages defect management information.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram of additional recording video information and an unused area in a continuous day area in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram of a recording location of an information length designated for each file and an attribute description location of each extent.

FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram regarding a method of processing a partial deletion in an AV file according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 43 is an explanatory diagram relating to another example of a method of processing a partial deletion in an AV file according to each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 44 is an explanatory view showing another example of the method of processing the partial deletion in the AV file in each of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram of the contents of the continuous day area boundary position information and its recording location in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 46 is an explanatory view showing another example of a method for setting an unused area in an extent according to the present invention.

FIG. 47 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method including a defective area according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 48 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method avoiding a defective area in one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 49 is an explanatory diagram of a continuous data area setting method and an extent pre-setting method before recording according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 50 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 51 is a view schematically showing a procedure for recording video information in the present invention.

FIG. 52 is a diagram showing details of step ST01 in FIG. 51.

FIG. 53 is a view showing details of step ST02 in FIG. 51.

FIG. 54 is a view showing details of step ST03 in FIG. 51.

FIG. 55 is a view showing details of step ST04 in FIG. 51.

FIG. 56 is a view showing the contents of various API commands used when recording video information in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 57 is an explanatory view showing commands to the information recording / reproducing device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 58 is an explanatory view showing a place where identification information of an AV file according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 59 is an explanatory view showing another example of a place where identification information of an AV file according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 60 is a conceptual view shown for explaining a method for continuously recording video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a view showing a procedure of partial erasure in an AV file according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is an explanatory view showing another example of the information recording method according to the present invention.

FIG. 63 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between information contents and extent attributes recorded according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 62;

[Explanation of symbols]

100 optical disk, 1004 data area, 723
... user area, 724 ... spare area, 3443, 3
444: recording area, 3452: defective area, 3456: alternative area, 3449: non-recording area.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H04N 5/92 H04N 5/92 HF term (Reference) 5B065 BA04 CA40 EA19 ZA15 5C052 AA02 AB03 AB04 AB08 BB01 CC11 CC12 DD10 5C053 FA24 FA25 FA30 GA11 GB06 GB08 GB15 GB37 JA21 KA01 KA24 LA06 5D044 AB05 AB07 BC04 CC04 DE12 DE38 DE53 DE62 DE64 EF03 EF05 GK08 GK12 5D110 AA17 AA19 AA27 AA29 DA07 DA11 DB04 DE01

Claims (6)

[Claims] A head for providing recording information to the information recording medium; a head moving mechanism for moving the head with respect to the information recording medium; and a moving position of the head by controlling the head moving mechanism. And a control unit for providing the recording information to the head and realizing information recording on the information recording medium, wherein at least a plurality of logical sectors are allocated to the information recording medium. Management information and input information are defined as the type of the recording information, a file is defined as a management unit of the input information, an extent is defined as a management unit of continuous recording included in the file, and included in the extent. An error correction block, which is a positive multiple of the logical sector, is defined as a management unit. File management information for managing the file is defined, file entry information indicating an entry position of the file is defined as information included in the file management information, and information included in the file entry information is defined as the file. File size information indicating the entire information length of the file management information is defined. The information recording medium is provided with a file management information area for recording the file management information, and the file entry information is recorded in the file management information area. A file entry information area is provided, a file size area for recording the file size information is provided in the file entry information recording area, and the control unit records the file size information after recording the input information. The file An information recording method, comprising a step of recording in a size area. 2. The file system according to claim 1, wherein the file size information is a total of a size of a plurality of extents corresponding to a recorded area and a size of a part of an extent including an unrecorded area. Information recording method. 3. The allocated space length of the recorded area and the unrecorded area is an integral multiple of an error correction block, and the first logical sector number of the allocated space corresponds to the integral multiple of the error correction block. 3. The information recording method according to claim 2, wherein: A head for giving recording information to the information recording medium; a head moving mechanism for moving the head with respect to the information recording medium; and a moving position of the head by controlling the head moving mechanism. And an information recording device that uses a control unit that controls the recording head to provide the recording information to the head and realize information recording on the information recording medium, wherein at least a plurality of logical sectors are allocated to the information recording medium. Management information and input information are defined as the type of the recording information, a file is defined as a management unit of the input information, an extent is defined as a management unit of continuous recording included in the file, and included in the extent. An error correction block, which is a positive multiple of the logical sector, is defined as a management unit. File management information for managing the file is defined, file entry information indicating an entry position of the file is defined as information included in the file management information, and information included in the file entry information is defined as the file. File size information indicating the entire information length of the file management information is defined. The information recording medium is provided with a file management information area for recording the file management information, and the file entry information is recorded in the file management information area. A file entry information area is provided, a file size area for recording the file size information is provided in the file entry information recording area, and the control unit records the file size information after recording the input information. The file An information recording device comprising means for recording in a size area. 5. A head for providing recording information to an information recording medium, a head moving mechanism for moving the head with respect to the information recording medium, and a moving position of the head by controlling the head moving mechanism And an information recording device that uses a control unit that controls the recording head to provide the recording information to the head and realize information recording on the information recording medium, wherein at least a plurality of logical sectors are allocated to the information recording medium. Management information and input information are defined as the type of the recording information, a file is defined as a management unit of the input information, an extent is defined as a management unit of continuous recording included in the file, and included in the extent. An error correction block, which is a positive multiple of the logical sector, is defined as a management unit. File management information for managing the file is defined, file entry information indicating an entry position of the file is defined as information included in the file management information, and the file is defined as information included in the file entry information. File size information indicating the overall information length of the file, and extent management information for managing the extent as information included in the file management information, and the file management information is recorded on the information recording medium. A file management information area is provided, a file entry information area for recording the file entry information is provided in the file management information area, and a file for recording the file size information is provided in the file entry information recording area. An extent management area for recording the extent management information in the file management information area; and the recorded extent information and the empty A recorded area and an unrecorded area which are managed by the extent information; and the control unit, after recording the input information in the unrecorded area, calculates the file size information and calculates the file size area. An information recording apparatus, comprising: means for recording the recorded extent information and empty-extent information included in the extent management information. 6. An information recording medium on which input information is recorded, wherein the information recording medium is a head for giving the recording information to the information recording medium, and the head is provided to the information recording medium. Using a head moving mechanism to move, and a control unit that controls the head moving mechanism to control the moving position of the head, and provides the recording information to the head to realize information recording on the information recording medium. The input information is recorded, at least a plurality of logical sectors are allocated to the information recording medium, management information and input information are defined as a type of the recording information, and a file is used as a management unit of the input information. Is defined, an extent is defined as a management unit of continuous recording included in the file, and the management unit is defined as a management unit included in the extent. An error correction block which is a positive multiple of the physical sector is defined, file management information for managing the file is defined as the management information, and an entry position of the file is defined as information included in the file management information. File entry information indicating the overall information length of the file is defined as information included in the file entry information, and the extent is managed as information included in the file management information. The file management information area for recording the file management information is provided on the information recording medium, and the file entry information area for recording the file entry information is provided in the file management information area. Before A file size area for recording the file size information is provided in a file entry information recording area, and an extent management information area for recording the extent management information is provided in the file management information area. On the upper side, there are a recorded area and an unrecorded area that are managed by recorded extent information and empty-extent information included in the extent management information, and the control unit stores the input information in the unrecorded area. After the recording, the file size information is calculated and recorded in the file size area, and the recorded extent information included in the extent management information and the empty
An information recording medium configured to be able to update extent information.