JP2002146835A - Revolving and traveling reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a revolving and traveling reduction gear capable of enhancing the using rate of hydraulic motors to realize a low cost by performing three working operations of swinging, traveling and steering with two hydraulic motors in total of a first motor and a second motor. SOLUTION: This reduction gear comprises the first motor 31 arranged on a base carrier 1 to allow rotation and traveling, a swing drive shaft 37 having a plurality of gear trains and a clutch to drive a swing circle by the output power from the first motor 31 through the gear trains and clutch, and a power distribution device 30 independently or simultaneously transmitting power to traveling drive shafts 47a and 47b for driving the lateral sprockets of the base carrier. The sun gears 62 of the lateral traveling reduction gears 60L and 60R are driven by the second output shaft 43c of the power distribution device 30, and the carriers 63 of the lateral traveling reduction gears 60L and 60R are driven by lateral output shaft 53a and 54a for outputting the output of the second motor 51 branched to reversely rotating outputs through a transfer gear box 50.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a turning reduction device for driving an upper revolving structure of a tracked vehicle having an upper revolving structure and a traveling speed reducing device for driving a sprocket of a traveling device (hereinafter referred to as turning deceleration). Device).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tracked vehicle, such as a hydraulic excavator, a crawler dump and a crawler crane, in which an upper revolving body is rotatably mounted on a crawler type lower traveling body via a swing circle on an upper portion thereof. In general, a rotation reduction device having a pinion gear that engages with an internal gear of a swing circle to rotate and revolve is disposed substantially at the lower center of the upper revolving structure, and is provided on each of the left and right sides of the lower traveling structure. A traveling speed reducer having a sprocket for driving the crawler belt is disposed at the rear of the track frame.

Further, a dedicated hydraulic motor is attached to each of the turning reduction gear and the left and right traveling reduction gears, and these three hydraulic pressures are attached by a hydraulic pump attached to an engine mounted on the upper rotating body. The motor is driven independently or simultaneously to turn the upper revolving superstructure (hereinafter referred to as a swing) and to drive and steer the lower transit vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a steering).
Are performed independently or simultaneously.

Referring to FIG. 5, the construction of a turning speed reduction device and a traveling speed reduction device to which the prior art is applied will be described using a crawler dump as an example. FIG. 5 is a side view of the crawler dump.

Referring to FIG. 5, an upper revolving unit 3 is mounted on a lower traveling unit 1 at a substantially central upper portion via a swing circle 2 so as to be pivotable, and a vessel 4 extends rearward from the center to the rear of the upper revolving unit 3. It is attached so that it can be tilted toward. An operator cab 5 is mounted on the front left side of the upper revolving unit 3, and a machine cab 6 is mounted on the right side (rear side in the figure) of the operator cab 5, and an engine 7 is installed inside the machine cab 6.
, And a hydraulic pump 20 is attached to the engine 7.

Further, substantially below the center of the upper swing body 3,
An internal gear (not shown) of the swing circle 2 and a pinion gear 80a that meshes with the internal gear to rotate and revolve.
The pinion gear 80a is attached to the output shaft of a hydraulic motor 81 for swing. Further, a traveling reduction gear 90 is provided at the rear end of the left and right track frames 10L and 10R of the lower traveling body 1.
L and 90R are attached respectively, and the traveling speed reducer 90
Sprockets 17 and 17 are attached to L and 90R, respectively, and idlers are rotatably attached to the front ends of the track frames 10L and 10R, respectively. A crawler belt 19 is wound around each of the left and right sprockets 17, 17 and the idler via a link 18.
Hydraulic motors 91L and 91R for traveling are attached to the left and right traveling reduction devices 90L and 90R, respectively.

Further, the hydraulic motor 81 for swing is provided via a switching valve 8, and the hydraulic motors 91 L and 91 R for traveling are provided via a swivel joint 9 and a switching valve 8 disposed inside the swing circle 2, respectively. It is connected to the hydraulic pump 20 by a predetermined pipe.

[0008] In the configuration of FIG.
0 and the traveling speed reducers 90L, 90R are independently provided, and a hydraulic motor 81,
Since the 91L and 91R are mounted, the structure is simple and clear, and each drive of swing, running and steering can be independently performed by operating the hydraulic motors 81, 91L and 91R individually or simultaneously with the switching valve 8. Or it can be performed freely at the same time.

[0009]

However, in the turning reduction gear and the traveling reduction gear to which the above-mentioned prior art is applied, hydraulic motors 81, 91L, 91L, 91L, 91L, 91L, 91L,
As a result of attaching 91R, there are the following problems,
These solutions remain as issues.

(1) For example, in a crawler dump operation, after loading earth and sand on the vessel 4 at a loading point,
The hydraulic motors 91L and 91R perform forward traveling, and at the unloading point, do not perform a U-turn that roughens the ground.
1 swings the upper revolving unit 3 by 180 degrees, and the hydraulic motor 9
The operation of returning to the loading point by repeating the reverse rotation of 1L and 91R and returning to the loading point is repeated. Therefore, in order to increase the working efficiency, all of the hydraulic motors 81, 91L, 91R need to be large enough to transmit the maximum output of the engine 7. However, since the three hydraulic motors 81, 91L, and 91R cannot be driven at the maximum output at the same time, one of the hydraulic motors is always idle (driving at the maximum output or less).

(2) For example, in a hydraulic excavator, excavation or loading work at a fixed position is a main work, so that a hydraulic motor for swinging (equivalent to the hydraulic motor 81 in FIG. 5) is an engine for improving work efficiency. It needs to be large enough to transmit the full power of it, and is frequently used. On the other hand, traveling hydraulic motors (hydraulic motors 91L and 91R in FIG. 5)
Has a maximum output that is large enough to transmit the full power of the engine in order to be able to move on slopes and shorten the travel time, even though it is used only when moving the work position. Large-scale hydraulic motors are used for infrequent cases. Simultaneous operation is also required to eliminate time loss when switching between excavation, movement, and excavation work operations.

(3) As a result, since swing, running, and steering are all work operations related to work efficiency,
Three hydraulic motors 81 and 91L for performing each work operation,
Each of the 91Rs has a maximum output capable of transmitting the full power of the engine, but one of the hydraulic motors is always idle, which is a major factor in increasing the manufacturing cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a tracked vehicle having an upper revolving body pivotably mounted thereon, a total of two hydraulic motors, a first motor and a second motor, are provided. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a turning traveling speed reducer that can perform three working operations of swing, traveling, and steering, thereby increasing the usage rate of a hydraulic motor and realizing low cost.

[0014]

Means for Solving the Problems, Functions and Effects In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to mount an upper revolving body on a crawler type lower traveling body via a swing circle so as to be pivotable. In the turning traveling deceleration device of the tracked vehicle, having a first motor disposed on the lower traveling body and capable of driving turning and traveling, a plurality of gear trains and clutches,
A swing drive shaft that drives a pinion gear that meshes with a driven gear of a swing circle through the plurality of gear trains and clutches, and a traveling drive that drives both left and right sprockets of the lower traveling body through the plurality of gear trains and clutches. The shaft is provided with a power distribution device that can be transmitted individually or simultaneously.

In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the power distribution device is configured to decelerate by receiving an input shaft connected to an output shaft of the first motor and power from the input shaft. A swing double pinion type planetary gear train that outputs from the output shaft and transmits to the swing drive shaft, and receives power from the input shaft to reduce the speed, and outputs from the second output shaft to the left and right traveling drive shafts. And a traveling double pinion type planetary gear train for transmitting, wherein the swing double pinion type planetary gear train connects the first sun gear or ring gear of the planetary gear train to the input shaft, and One end of the carrier connected to the planet pinion gear
The other end of the first sun gear or ring gear, the second sun gear, and the carrier that are not connected to the input shaft and are not connected to the input shaft are respectively connected to the respective clutches, and the traveling double pinion type planetary gear train has the same configuration. A first sun gear or ring gear of a planetary gear train is connected to the input shaft, and one end of a carrier connected to first and second planet pinion gears is connected to the second output shaft and connected to the input shaft. Not the first
The other end of the sun gear or the ring gear, the second sun gear, and the carrier are connected to the respective clutches.

According to the first or second invention, by selectively engaging a plurality of clutches in the power distribution device,
The swing drive of the upper swing body via the swing circle and the travel drive via the left and right sprockets can be performed independently or simultaneously. Therefore, the swing and traveling work operations can be performed independently or simultaneously with only the first motor, so that the number of motors can be reduced and the structure can be simplified, the cost can be reduced, and the motor can be idled. (Stop) time is short and can be used efficiently.

A third invention is based on the first or second invention,
A left and right traveling speed reducer coupled to the traveling drive shaft for driving left and right sprockets, and a transfer gearbox having a second motor mounted between the left and right traveling speed reducers; The gear box branches the output of the second motor to the left and right via a gear, and inverts one of the rotation directions to output the output to the left output shaft and the right output shaft, respectively. One of the three elements of a sun gear, a carrier and a ring gear of the planetary gear train having one input shaft, a second input shaft, and a planetary gear train.
Driving an element with the first input axis and the second input axis, respectively;
The sprocket is driven by another element, the left and right first input shafts are respectively connected to the left and right driving drive shafts of the power distribution device, and the left and right second input shafts are respectively set to the left output of the transfer gear box. The shaft is connected to the right output shaft.

According to the third invention, the first input shaft and the second input shaft are respectively connected to any two of the three elements of the planetary gear train in the left and right traveling speed reducers, and the left traveling drive of the power distribution device is performed. The right and left first input shafts are respectively driven by a shaft and a right traveling drive shaft, and the output of a second motor is divided into two outputs in opposite directions via a transfer gear box. By driving each shaft, the rotation of one sprocket is increased and the rotation of the other sprocket is reduced. Also,
At this time, the increasing / decreasing direction and the rotation speed difference of the left and right sprockets change according to the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the second motor, and when the rotation of the second motor is stopped, the left and right sprockets have the same rotation speed. As a result, in addition to the effects of the first invention, forward / backward switching and its traveling speed can be controlled by control of the first motor, and switching of left and right steering directions can be performed only by controlling the rotation direction and rotation speed of the second motor. The turning radius can be controlled. In addition, if only the second motor is rotated, the pivot turn can be performed.

According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the swing,
It is possible to perform three working operations of traveling and steering, thereby obtaining a turning traveling reduction device that can increase the usage rate of the hydraulic motor and realize low cost. Also, the first
Since the motor, the second motor, the power distribution device, and the transfer gearbox are mounted on the lower traveling structure, the amount of vibration, solid-borne noise, noise, and the like caused by the rotation of the lower traveling structure penetrates into the cab provided on the upper revolving structure. Therefore, the livability of the driver's cab can be improved.

[0020]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a turning speed reduction device according to the present invention. FIG.

First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional top view of a main part of the turning traveling reduction device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a rear cross-sectional view of the main part. Note that the same components as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted below.

1 and 2, a power distribution device 30 having a first motor 31 attached thereto is disposed at the rear of the cross member 12 connecting the left and right track frames 10L and 10R. Inside the first sun gear 32a, which constitutes two rows of double pinion type planetary gear trains,
42a, second sun gears 32b, 42b, carrier 33,
43, first planet pinions 33a, 43a, second planet pinions 33b, 43b, ring gears 34, 4
The clutches 35a and 45 are provided on the second sun gears 32b and 42b, the carriers 33 and 43, and the ring gears 34 and 44 so that the rotation and stop of each gear can be freely selected.
a, 35b, 45b, 35c, and 45c are respectively provided.

The first sun gears 32a and 42a are connected to the first motor 31 via an input shaft 31a, the first output shaft 33c is attached to the carrier 33, and the bevel gears 36a and 36a
The internal gear 2c of the inner race 2b of the swing circle 2 is connected via a shaft 6b, a shaft 37, bevel gears 38a and 38b, and a pinion gear 39. The inner race 2b of the swing circle 2 is attached to the upper swing body 3, and the outer race 2a is attached to the cross member 12. Further, a second output shaft 43c is attached to the carrier 43, and is connected to a left traveling drive shaft 47a and a right traveling drive shaft 47b via transfer gears 43d, 46, 47.

A second part is provided at the rear of the power distribution device 30.
A transfer gear box 50 having a motor 51 mounted thereon is provided. The output shaft of the second motor 51 is connected to a left output shaft 53 a via transfer gears 52 and 53, and further to a transfer gear 53 via a gear 54. And the rotation direction is reversed and connected to the right output shaft 54a.

Further, a first input shaft 61 and a second input shaft 65 are respectively disposed on the left and right traveling speed reducers 60L and 60R, and a sun gear 62 and a carrier 63 constituting a planetary gear train are provided inside. , A planet pinion 63a and a ring gear 64 are provided. Each sun gear 6
2 are connected to the first input shaft 61, respectively, and the first input shaft 61 is connected to the left traveling drive shaft 47a and the right traveling drive shaft 47b of the power distribution device 30 by a universal joint 48 and a shaft 49, respectively. . Each carrier 63 is connected to the left and right second input shafts 65 by gears 63b and 66, respectively. The left and right second input shafts 65 are connected to the left output shaft 53a of the transfer gear box 50 via a joint 48 and a shaft 55. And the right output shaft 54a. Each ring gear 64 is attached to a rotating case 60b of each of the left and right traveling speed reducers 60L and 60R, and a sprocket 17 is attached to the rotating case 60b with a bolt 17a.

The entire left and right traveling speed reducers 60L, 60R are respectively composed of the case 60a and the left and right track frames 1L.
The crawler belt 19 is wound around the sprocket 17 via a link 18.

As shown in FIG. 2, the second input shaft 65
Is disposed above the first input shaft 61, but is shown behind the first input shaft 61 in FIG. 1 to explain the gear train.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. In FIG. 1, when the rotation of the first input shaft 61 of the left and right traveling reduction gears 60L and 60R is stopped and the second motor 51 is rotated, the second input shaft 65 of the left and right traveling reduction gears 60L and 60R is rotated.
Rotates right and left in opposite directions, so the right traveling speed reducer 60R
When the second input shaft 65 is rotated in the direction in which the vehicle moves forward, a counterclockwise turn is performed. In addition, when the rotation direction of the second motor 51 is reversed in a state where the rotation of the first input shaft 61 is stopped, the clockwise super turning operation is performed. Further, when the left and right first input shafts 61 are rotated in the above-described state, the vehicle can be steered to the left or right while traveling (forward or backward).

Next, the operation and effect of the power distribution device 30 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows six clutches 35a, 35b and 35c in the power distribution device 30 in FIG.
It is a figure explaining the combination of engagement of 45a, 45b, and 45c. As shown in FIG. 3, the six clutches 35a, 35
By selectively engaging 5b, 35c, 45a, 45b, and 45c, each work operation of swing, running, and steering can be performed independently or simultaneously. For example, when the clutch 35b is turned on (engaged), the carrier 33 is turned on.
Is locked, and the rotation of the first output shaft 33c is stopped, so that the swing is not driven. When the clutch 45b is turned on, the carrier 43 is locked, and the rotation of the second output shaft 43c is stopped (that is, the left and right traveling speed reducers 60L and 60L).
Since the rotation of the first input shaft 61 of R is stopped), the traveling (forward and backward) is not driven, but the rotation of the second motor 51 enables super turning. Further, the clutch 45
Forward / backward switching is possible by switching on / off of the motors a and 45c or by switching the rotation direction of the first motor 31, and switching on / off of the clutches 35a and 35c or switching of the rotation direction of the first motor 31. Thus, switching between the left and right swing directions is possible. These switchings can be controlled by a control device (not shown) based on a predetermined control algorithm.

As a result, the three working operations of swing, running and steering can be performed by a total of two hydraulic motors, the first motor 31 and the second motor 51, whereby the stop time of each hydraulic motor can be reduced. Since the number of hydraulic motors is reduced and each hydraulic motor is constantly used at a high load to increase the usage rate, the turning traveling speed reduction device can be configured at substantially low cost.

Further, according to the above-described configuration in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first motor 31 and the second motor
1. Power distribution device 30 and transfer gearbox 5
0 are all attached to the cross member 12 of the lower traveling structure 1, so that neither vibration nor solid-borne noise is transmitted to the cab 5 disposed on the upper revolving structure 3, and Vibration and noise can be reduced.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a turning traveling reduction device of the second embodiment. Note that the same components as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted below.

In FIG. 4, a power package 70 is formed by integrating a first motor 31, a second motor 51, a power distribution device 30, a transfer gearbox 50, and left and right traveling speed reducers 60L and 60R.

According to the configuration of the present embodiment, in addition to the functions and effects of the first embodiment, the power package 70 separates the power system from other structures, thereby simplifying the configuration of the vehicle. The assemblability is improved. In addition, since the inspection and maintenance points are concentrated on the power package 70, the maintenance is improved.

Although the crawler dump has been described as an example of a tracked vehicle in the above-described embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be widely applied to a tracked vehicle mounted on a vehicle, and the same operation and effect as those described above can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional top view of a main part of a turning traveling reduction device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional rear view of a main part of the turning traveling reduction device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an engagement combination of clutches in the power distribution device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a turning traveling reduction device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the crawler dump.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lower traveling body, 2 ... Swing circle, 3 ... Upper rotating body, 17 ... Sprocket, 30 ... Power distribution device, 31 ...
1st motor, 31a ... input shaft, 32a ... 1st sun gear,
32b ... second sun gear, 33 ... carrier, 33a, 33
b: first and second planet pinion gears, 33c: first output shaft, 34: ring gear, 35a, 35b, 35c
... clutch, 37 ... swing drive shaft, 39 ... pinion gear, 42a ... first sun gear, 42b ... second sun gear, 4
3 Carrier, 43a, 43b first and second planet pinion gears, 43c second output shaft, 44 ring gear, 45a, 45b, 45c clutch, 47a left drive shaft, 47b right drive Shaft, 50: transfer gearbox, 51: second motor, 52, 53, 54 ...
Gear, 53a left output shaft, 54a right output shaft, 60L
Left traveling speed reducer, 60R right traveling speed reducer, 61 first input shaft, 62 sun gear, 63 carrier, 64 ring gear, 65 second input shaft, 70 power package.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A turning travel speed reduction device for a tracked vehicle in which an upper revolving structure (3) is pivotally mounted on a crawler track type lower traveling structure (1) via a swing circle (2). A first motor (31) disposed on the traveling body (1) and capable of driving turning and traveling, having a plurality of gear trains and clutches,
The output power from the first motor (31) is transmitted to the driven gear (2c) of the swing circle (2) through the plurality of gear trains and clutches.
Swing drive shaft (3) that drives the pinion gear (39)
7), and a power distribution device (30) that can be transmitted individually or simultaneously to traveling drive shafts (47a) (47b) that drive the left and right sprockets (17) of the lower traveling body (1) together. A turning reduction gear characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The turning travel reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the power distribution device (30) includes an input shaft (31a) connected to an output shaft of the first motor (31), and the input shaft (31a). ), Receives power from the input shaft (31a), reduces the speed by receiving power from the first output shaft (33c), and transmits the output from the first output shaft (33c) to the swing drive shaft (37). And a driving double pinion type planetary gear train that outputs from the second output shaft (43c) and transmits to the left and right traveling drive shafts (47a) and (47b), respectively. Type planetary gear train is the first sun gear (3
2a) or a ring gear (34) is connected to the input shaft (31a), and one end of a carrier (33) connected to first and second planet pinion gears (33a, 33b) is connected to the first output shaft. (31c) and not connected to the input shaft (31a).
(32a) or the ring gear (34), the second sun gear (32b), and the other end of the carrier (33) are connected to the respective clutches (35c, 35a, 35b), and the traveling double pinion type planetary gear train is The first sun gear (42a) or the ring gear (44) of the planetary gear train is connected to the input shaft (31a), and the carrier (43) connected to the first and second planet pinion gears (43a, 43b). ) Is connected to the second output shaft (43c), and the first sun gear (42a) or the ring gear (4) not connected to the input shaft (31a).
4) The turning reduction gear characterized in that the other ends of the second sun gear (42b) and the carrier (43) are respectively connected to the clutches (45c, 45a, 45b). 3. The right and left traveling speed reducer (60L, 60L, 60L) connected to the traveling drive shafts (47a, 47b) and driving left and right sprockets (17), respectively. 60R), and a transfer gearbox (50) with a second motor (51) mounted between the left and right traveling speed reducers (60L, 60R).
Outputs the left output shaft (53a) and the right output shaft (54a) by branching the output of the second motor (51) to the left and right via gears (52, 53, 54), and reversing one of the rotation directions. And the left and right traveling speed reducers (60L, 60R) have a first input shaft (61), a second input shaft (65), and a planetary gear train (62, 63, 63a, 64), respectively. The sun gear (62), the carrier (63) and the ring gear (64) of the planetary gear train are driven by the first input shaft (61) and the second input shaft (65), respectively. A sprocket (17) is driven by another element, and the left and right first input shafts (61) are respectively connected to a left traveling drive shaft (47a) and a right traveling drive shaft (47b) of the power distribution device (30). The left and right second input shafts (65) are respectively connected to the left output shaft (53) of the transfer gear box (50).
a) and a right output shaft (54a), respectively.