JP2002141158A - Heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a safe heating device with less energy loss. SOLUTION: Conductive adhesive is disposed between the outermost sheath of the heating device and an insulating layer of a heater, a leaked current passing between the conductive adhesive and the heater is detected, and a power supply circuit is intercepted based on the signal of the leaked current so that the wall thickness of the outermost sheath can be minimized for securing the safety and the heating device having an instantaneous heating function with small heat capacity can be provided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety device for a heater which is fixed to a heating device of a house, a building, a vehicle, a carpet, a mat, furniture, a household electric appliance and the like for heat insulation and heating.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional heating device, a sufficient thickness is secured on the outermost surface of the heating device which may come into contact with the human body so as not to cause an electric leakage due to a falling object or a crack due to aging deterioration which has been used for many years. Or a conductive sheet such as carbon impregnated cloth or aluminum foil on the back side of the outermost insulating material.Even if the insulating layer deteriorates, the conductive sheet and resistance heating In some cases, an electric circuit is formed between the bodies, the flowing current is detected, and the state of energization to a power supply circuit is controlled. This conductive sheet built-in type using carbon impregnated cloth can be bent or broken along the shape of the outermost insulating layer due to its flexibility, and the connection between the resistance heating element and the electric circuit is abnormal. It is possible to provide a stable operation of the safety device without applying excessive stress. (No. 3021204)
In addition, an apparatus using an aluminum foil as a conductive sheet has an advantage in that an ideal heating device can be provided because it has a soaking effect to conduct heat of a resistance heating element to an insulating layer without unevenness in temperature.

[0003]

However, in the safety device of the conventional heating device, it takes time for the heat of the resistance heating element to be transmitted to the surface layer because the insulating layer is thick, and energy loss is required to raise the temperature to a predetermined temperature. there were. Also, recently, using a far-infrared heater to increase the warmth to the human body,
Heating and heating devices for the purpose of maintaining a shiny feeling have attracted attention, but because of the thick insulating layer, far infrared rays emitted by the resistance heating element are absorbed or cut off by aluminum foil,
There was also a problem that the effect had not appeared. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and maintains the immediate heating property of the resistance heating element and the tingling sensation due to the far-infrared radiation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a heating device with a built-in safety device so that a current flowing through a resistance heating element does not leak.

[0004]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 includes a heater in which a resistance heating element is covered with a first insulating layer; In a heating device having a second insulating layer covering the heater and a conductive material disposed between the two insulating layers and connected to a safety device, the conductive material is
It is a conductive adhesive.

In the present invention, since a conductive adhesive is used as the conductive material and the same electrical resistance as that of the conventional conductive material is maintained, it is possible to reliably detect a minute current flowing through the conductive adhesive. Can be. Also, when using a heating device, even if a load of the human body is applied to the insulating layer or stress is applied in handling and the insulating layer is broken and the heater is exposed, the conductive adhesive is connected to the safety device. It is possible to provide a heating device in which the leakage current of the heater flows into the safety device via the conductive adhesive, and there is no risk of electric shock and leakage. As a result, the insulation layer, which had been formed thick in the conventional product, can also be configured with the minimum thickness required by the heating device, and has a small electric heat loss.
Far-infrared rays emitted by the resistance heating element can be transmitted, and energy can be saved. In addition, since the conductive pressure-sensitive adhesive has flexibility, even if the pressure-sensitive adhesive is deformed by the stress applied to the insulating layer due to the adhesive force, which is the maximum characteristic, the pressure-sensitive adhesive can follow the deformation and is always configured to be peeled off. be able to.

[0006] The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the safety device is a ground mechanism.

[0007] Even when the resistance heating element is leaked and the conductive material is charged, since the grounding is performed, a crack is generated in the outermost part of the heating device, and the human body comes into contact with the conductive material. No electric shock. In addition, since the safety can be maintained only by connecting the ground wire to the ground part laid in the household outlet, a simple heating device with a safety device with few failure modes is provided without wiring complicated electrical circuits can do.

[0008] In the present invention, the safety device includes a leak current detecting mechanism for detecting a leak current flowing between the heater and the conductive adhesive, and a safety device based on a signal from the leak current detecting mechanism. And a shutoff circuit for shutting off a power supply circuit to the heater.

A power supply cutoff circuit is configured to immediately cut off the power supply to the power supply circuit in response to the output of a leakage current detection signal for detecting a current flowing between the resistance heating element and the conductive adhesive. First, since the heater penetrates the insulating layer and becomes exposed, the leakage current flowing between the conductive adhesive and the resistance heating element can be detected even when water enters or the human body comes into contact with the heater. Since the power supply circuit can be quickly shut off by utilizing the switching characteristics of the components, a safe heating device can be provided.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the safety device includes an amplifier circuit for amplifying a current flowing through the conductive adhesive and the heater, and a power supply circuit for the heater based on a signal from the amplifier circuit. And a switching circuit for shutting off.

In the conventional safety device, the leakage current when the heater and the conductive material are short-circuited is directly connected to a switching circuit such as a relay coil, which is a power cutoff circuit. Could not be activated. As a result, an abnormal state in which the insulating layer is in a broken state cannot be instantaneously determined, and the abnormal state may progress until a leakage current activates the relay coil, which may lead to a fire or an electric shock. According to the present invention, even if the leakage current is in a very small state, the amplifier circuit for reliably operating the switching circuit by the current is provided, so that the power supply circuit can be shut off immediately after the occurrence of the abnormal state.

[0012] The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that a conductive adhesive is provided on the heater.

According to the present invention, the conductive adhesive is applied on the heater in advance, and then adhered to the insulating layer which is the housing of the heating device by utilizing the adhesive force of the conductive adhesive. Very good sex. On the other hand, when the conductive adhesive is applied to the insulating layer and the heater is attached, there is a possibility that the conductive adhesive may not be partially disposed on the heater due to a displacement at the time of attachment. In this case, since the entire surface of the heater can be reliably covered with the conductive adhesive, a highly reliable safety device can be provided.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a metal layer is disposed between the heater and the conductive adhesive.

Since the metal layer is provided between the conductive adhesive and the heater, a lead wire can be connected through the metal layer, and the contact resistance of the terminal can be minimized. Leakage current flowing between the conductive adhesives can be reliably detected. Also, unlike the case where the metal layer is stuck on the first insulating layer side, since the conductive adhesive and the metal layer are all brought to the heater side, there is no displacement between the conductive adhesive and the metal plate.
A highly reliable heating device can be supplied.

According to the present invention, the heater is a planar heater.

Since a planar heater is used as the heater,
A heating device having a uniform temperature over the entire heating surface can be provided.

The invention according to claim 8 of the present invention is directed to a heating toilet seat device in which a heater is provided on a toilet seat, wherein the heater covers a resistance heating element with an insulating layer and is electrically conductive to a safety device. It is provided on the toilet seat via an adhesive.

In the conventional heating toilet seat device, since the surface portion of the toilet seat is configured to be sufficiently thick, there is no device having a built-in safety device. However, in consideration of the heat transfer loss due to the thick portion of the toilet seat surface, the heater must be energized even when not in use, resulting in a large energy loss. And the electrical resistance equivalent to that of a conventional conductive substance is maintained, so that a very small current flowing through the conductive adhesive can be reliably detected. Also, when using the heating toilet seat device, the conductive adhesive is connected to the safety device even if a human body load is applied to the toilet seat surface or the handling seat is stressed and the toilet seat surface is broken and the heater is exposed. Therefore, a heating toilet seat device can be provided in which the leakage current of the heater flows into the safety device via the conductive adhesive, and there is no risk of electric shock and leakage. As a result, the toilet seat surface portion, which was thickly formed in the conventional product, can also be configured with the minimum thickness required by the heating toilet seat device, and there is little electric heat loss,
Far-infrared rays emitted by the resistance heating element can be transmitted, and energy can be saved. In addition, since the conductive pressure-sensitive adhesive has flexibility, even if the pressure-sensitive adhesive is deformed by the stress applied to the surface of the toilet seat due to the adhesive force, which is the maximum characteristic, the pressure-sensitive adhesive can follow the deformation and does not always peel off. .

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the safety device is a grounding mechanism.

Even when the resistance heating element is leaked and the conductive adhesive is charged, the ground is grounded, so that a crack is generated on the surface of the toilet seat and the human body comes into contact with the conductive adhesive. Even if you do, you will not get an electric shock. In addition, since the safety can be maintained just by connecting the ground wire to the ground part laid in the household outlet, a simple heating device with a safety device with few failure modes can be provided without wiring complicated circuits. Can be provided.

In the present invention, the invention described in claim 10 is
A safety device having a leakage current detection mechanism for detecting a leakage current flowing between the heater and the conductive adhesive, and a shutoff circuit for shutting off a power supply circuit to the heater based on a signal from the leakage current detection mechanism, It is provided inside.

Since the leak current detection circuit and the power supply cutoff circuit, which are safety devices, are all provided in the toilet seat, the cable connecting the heating toilet seat device main body and the toilet seat behind the toilet seat includes a power supply line and a toilet seat temperature detection. Since it is constituted only by the signal lines of the elements, it is possible to use a cable having the same shape as the conventional one, and it is possible to provide a comfortable heating toilet seat device without causing malfunction due to bending of the cable when opening and closing the toilet seat. . Also, in the unlikely event that the surface of the toilet seat breaks and the heater is exposed, even if water enters or the human body comes into contact with the heater, the leakage current flowing between the conductive adhesive and the resistance heating element can be detected. The power supply circuit can be quickly shut off by utilizing the switching characteristics of the electronic component based on the signal. Therefore, the surface portion of the toilet seat may be configured to have a minimum wall thickness having an insulating function, and as a result, it has an immediate warming property, and is an energy-saving and comfortable heating toilet seat device capable of obtaining a warm feeling by far infrared rays of the heater. Can be provided.

In the present invention, the invention described in claim 11 is:
The safety device includes an amplifier circuit for amplifying a current flowing through the conductive adhesive and the heater, and a switching circuit for shutting off a power supply circuit to the heater based on a signal from the amplifier circuit. .

In the conventional safety device, the leakage current when the heater and the conductive material are short-circuited is directly connected to a switching circuit such as a relay coil, which is a power cutoff circuit. Could not be activated. As a result, an abnormal state in which the insulating layer is in a broken state cannot be instantaneously determined, and the abnormal state may progress until a leakage current activates the relay coil, which may lead to a fire or an electric shock. According to the present invention, even if the leakage current is in a very small state, the amplifier circuit for reliably operating the switching circuit by the current is provided, so that the power supply circuit can be shut off immediately after the occurrence of the abnormal state.

In the present invention, the invention described in claim 12 is:
A conductive adhesive is provided on the heater.

In the present invention, since the conductive adhesive is applied in advance on the heater and then attached to the toilet seat surface utilizing the adhesive force of the conductive adhesive, workability is very good. On the other hand, apply a conductive adhesive to the toilet seat surface,
When attaching a heater, the conductive adhesive may not be able to be partially placed on the heater due to misalignment at the time of attachment, but in the present invention, the entire surface of the heater is surely covered with the conductive adhesive. Therefore, a highly reliable safety device can be provided.

In the present invention, the invention described in claim 13 is:
A metal layer is disposed between the heater and the conductive adhesive.

Since the metal layer is provided between the conductive adhesive and the heater, a lead wire can be connected through the metal layer, and the contact resistance of the terminal can be minimized. Leakage current flowing between the conductive adhesives can be reliably detected. Also, unlike the case where the metal layer is attached to the toilet seat surface side, the conductive adhesive and the metal layer are all brought to the heater side, so there is no displacement between the conductive adhesive and the metal plate, and a highly reliable heating toilet seat Equipment can be supplied.

In the present invention, the invention described in claim 14 is
The heater is a planar heater.

Since a planar heater is employed as the heater,
A heating toilet seat device in which the entire heating surface has a uniform temperature can be provided.

[0032]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is an external view of a heating device, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view as viewed from A in FIG. The second outermost part of the heating device 1
The planar heater 10 is fixed to the insulating layer 5 by the conductive adhesive 2. The planar heater 10 is obtained by laminating electrode materials 4 on both ends of a resistance heating element 3 and completely covering the outer periphery with a first insulating layer 6. Electric power to the resistance heating element 3 is supplied from an electrode material 4 through a power supply line 8 from an outlet of a general household.

As the material of the resistance heating element 3, any one of a material obtained by printing a thin metal or conductive paint on an insulator, a conductive mixed paper, carbon black or a tubing heater may be used.

As the conductive pressure-sensitive adhesive, a material obtained by mixing nickel powder with an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive to have conductivity is used, but is not particularly limited, and a square shape having an arbitrary length of side is used. May be anything as long as the resistance value is about 0.1Ω. The adhesive is not limited to an adhesive, but may be an epoxy-based, silicone-based adhesive, or the like. This conductive adhesive 2
Second insulating layer 5 or first insulating layer 6 of sheet heater 10
It may be applied to any of the above, but the latter is more desirable in order to completely adhere the entire upper surface of the sheet heater 10.

Further, a copper foil sheet 7 is laminated as a metal layer between the conductive adhesive 2 and the first insulating layer 6 of the sheet heater 10 in advance. Line 9 is connected to ground.

With the above-described configuration, a sharp edge comes into contact with the second insulating layer 5 and the first insulating layer 6 or cracks are caused by some impact, and the resistance heating element 3 is exposed to the outside. However, since the conductive adhesive 2 is connected to the ground, even if the skin of the human body enters the first and second insulating layers or a liquid enters from the outside, and touches the liquid, It is possible to provide a heating device that ensures safety without fear of electric shock.

The resistance heating element 3 is made of a material containing a carbon-based or ceramic-based substance which emits far-infrared rays by heating over the entire surface. When the heating device is configured to have a minimum thickness, for example, 1.5 mm or less having a transmittance of far infrared rays of 10% or more, there is no temperature unevenness on the entire surface of the second insulating layer 5 and the planar heater 1
0 has a small heat capacity, has an immediate warming property, and the far-infrared rays emitted by the heating element 3 are transmitted directly through the second insulating layer 5 to the human body, so that the human body can be warmed from the inside. It is possible to provide a comfortable and comfortable heating device.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1A of the second embodiment. As in the first embodiment, the second insulating layer 15
, A planar heater 30 is fixed by the conductive adhesive 12. The planar heater 30 has a structure in which electrode materials 14 a and 14 b are laminated on both ends of a resistance heating body 13, and the outer periphery thereof is a first insulating layer 16.
Completely covered.

The power to the resistance heating element 13 is supplied from an ordinary household outlet via a power supply line 18, one power line is directly connected to the electrode material 14a, and the other power line is connected to the electrode material 14b via a power cutoff circuit 23. It is connected to the. A metal layer 17 is previously laminated between the conductive adhesive 12 and the first insulating layer 16 of the sheet heater 30 to detect a leakage current flowing through the metal layer 17 and the resistance heater 13. The leakage current detection circuit 21 of FIG.
It is connected to the.

In normal use, when the power supply line 18 is connected to the household outlet because the power cutoff circuit 23 is not operated, both power lines are connected to the electrode members 14a and 14b, and the resistance heating body 13 is connected. The temperature is raised to a predetermined temperature.

However, the second insulating layer 15 and the first insulating layer 16 are broken by some impact, and furthermore, the infiltration of water or a part of the human body comes into contact with the resistance heating body 13 and the conductive adhesive 12 and the resistance heating When a leakage current occurs between the bodies 13, the leakage current is immediately detected by the leakage current detection circuit 21, and a small leakage current is amplified by the amplification circuit 22 at the subsequent stage, and the power cutoff circuit 23 operates based on the signal, Power supply line 18
The electrode 14b is opened, and the power supply to the resistance heating body 13 is cut off.

At this time, the power may be forcibly cut off by the electronic components described above, or the microcomputer 24 may measure the amount of leakage current as needed, and the power cutoff circuit 23 may be synchronized with the detection of the leakage current. May be activated. As a result, it is possible to provide a safe heating device without electric shock to the human body.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 4 is an external view of a heating toilet seat device, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB 'of FIG. Behind the toilet seat 52, a main body 51 for supporting the toilet seat 52 and the toilet lid 53 so as to be openable and closable is provided. The toilet seat 52 includes a surface portion 55, which is the outermost surface of the toilet seat 52, and a bottom portion 59.
5 is provided on the back surface of the sheet heater 6 with a conductive adhesive 62 interposed therebetween.
3 is fixed. Conductive adhesive 62 and sheet heater 6
A metal layer 67 is laminated in advance between the third insulating layer (not shown).

An electric circuit 70 is disposed in the toilet seat, and a leakage current detection circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a power supply cutoff circuit (not shown) are disposed in the electric circuit 70. The leakage current detection circuit is connected to the metal layer 67 and the amplifier circuit, and is disposed to detect a leakage current flowing through the conductive adhesive 62 and the sheet heater 63. The amplification circuit detects the leakage current. The signal is amplified by an arbitrary factor so that the power supply circuit can be directly shut off by the signal of the circuit. The power supply cutoff circuit includes a power supply line 60a extending from the toilet seat temperature controller 65 in the toilet seat body 51 and the sheet heater 6.
When the leakage current is detected by the leakage current detection circuit, the leakage current detection signal is amplified by the amplifier circuit, and then the relay coil is operated at the output to supply the signal to the planar heater 63. Power to be shut off.

In the cord 60 connecting the toilet seat body 51 and the toilet seat 52, two power supply lines 60a similar to the conventional toilet seat and two wires 60b for monitoring the signal of the temperature detecting mechanism 75 for detecting the temperature of the toilet seat 52 are inserted. Have been. Therefore, despite taking the countermeasures against electric leakage, the appearance state and the toilet seat opening / closing operation are the same as in the related art, and it is possible to provide a heating toilet seat device that maintains safety while maintaining comfort.

A toilet seat temperature controller 65 is also mounted in the electric circuit 70 to provide a temperature control mechanism and heating on / off.
By disposing the ff switch on the outer peripheral surface that is substantially perpendicular to the seating surface of the toilet seat 52 (not shown), the cord connecting the main body 51 and the toilet seat 52 is eliminated, and the toilet seat can be directly connected to a household outlet. A more convenient heating toilet seat device can be provided.

[0047]

According to the heating device of the present invention, even if the outermost insulating layer, which may come into contact with the human body, is broken, the safety is maintained without electric shock. A heating device in which energy loss of the heater is minimized can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of a heating device.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of the heating device.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the heating device.

FIG. 4 is an external view of a heating toilet seat device.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the heating toilet seat device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating apparatus 2, 12, 62 Conductive adhesive 3, 13 Resistance heating body 4, 14a, 14b Electrode material 5, 15, 55 Second insulating layer (surface part) 6, 16 First insulating layer 7, 17 , 67 Metal layer 8, 18, 60a Power supply line 9 Ground wire 10, 30, 63 Planar heater 20, 70 Electric circuit 21 Leakage current detection circuit 22 Amplification circuit 23 Power supply cutoff circuit 24 Microcomputer 50 Heating toilet seat device 51 Main body 52 Toilet seat 53 Toilet lid 60 Code 65 Toilet seat temperature controller 75 Temperature detection mechanism

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tsuyoshi Miura 2-1-1 Nakajima, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka Touchi Kiki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tatsuya Osaki 2 Nakajima, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 1-1-1 C-term F-term (reference) in Tohoku Kikai Co., Ltd. QA06 QB02 QB14 QB31 QB68 QB70 QB76 QC19 QC25 QC49 RF02 RF17 RF22 TT27 TT30 UA04 UA15 UA18 UC07 VV06 VV07 VV16

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A heater in which a resistance heating element is covered with a first insulating layer, a second insulating layer which covers the heater, and a conductive member disposed between the two insulating layers and connected to a safety device. A heating device having a conductive material, wherein the conductive material is a conductive adhesive. 2. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the safety device is a grounding mechanism. 3. A leak current detecting mechanism for detecting a leak current flowing between the heater and the conductive adhesive, and a power supply circuit for supplying power to the heater based on a signal from the leak current detecting mechanism. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is a control device having a shut-off circuit for shutting off. 4. The safety device includes: an amplifier circuit for amplifying a current flowing through the conductive adhesive and the heater; and a switching circuit for shutting off a power supply circuit to the heater based on a signal from the amplifier circuit. The heating device according to claim 1, further comprising: 5. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the conductive adhesive is provided on the heater. 6. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein a metal layer is disposed between the heater and the conductive adhesive. 7. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heater is a planar heater. 8. A heating toilet seat device in which a heater is provided on a toilet seat, wherein the heater covers the resistance heating element with an insulating layer and is provided on the toilet seat via a conductive adhesive connected to a safety device. A heating toilet seat device characterized by the above-mentioned. 9. The heating toilet seat device according to claim 8, wherein the safety device is a ground mechanism. 10. A leakage current detection mechanism for detecting a leakage current flowing between the heater and the conductive adhesive, and a shutoff circuit for shutting off a power supply circuit to the heater based on a signal from the leakage current detection mechanism. The heating toilet seat device according to claim 8, wherein a safety device having the following is provided in the toilet seat. 11. The safety device comprises: an amplifier circuit for amplifying a current flowing through the conductive adhesive and the heater; and a switching circuit for shutting off a power supply circuit to the heater based on a signal from the amplifier circuit. The heating toilet seat device according to claim 8, further comprising: 12. The heating toilet seat device according to claim 8, wherein the conductive adhesive is provided on the heater. 13. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a metal layer is disposed between the heater and the conductive adhesive.
The heating toilet seat device according to the above. 14. The heating toilet seat device according to claim 8, wherein the heater is a planar heater.