JP2002131176A - Impact buckling test apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase an available experiment period and simplify the structure with high accuracy. SOLUTION: An impact buckling test apparatus is composed of a reaction force block 2 that is disposed on a base table 1 through a cushioning member 3, a stay 7 that vertically extends upward and is fixed to the base table, a guide rail 8 that extends in the vertical direction and is fixed inside, a struck 4 having a guide roller 9 that is guided by the guide rail and moved with rotation, an impact block 10 that can be connected to and disconnected from the truck, a projection member 5 that can be installed on and removed from the upper surface of the reaction force clock, a drive cylinder 12 in which the lower end of a piston rod 12a is connected to the impact block, and a strain sensor 29 that detects the strain of the projection member. The reaction force block, guide rail, impact block and projection member are made of iron alloy materials, and the guide roller is made of cushioning materials. Thereby, an impact force that occurs when the impact block 10 impacts upon a test peace TP is not disturbed by the reflective stress wave, and the stress wave and the vibration are prevented from propagating to the sensor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an impact buckling test apparatus adapted to an impact-resistant design of, for example, an automobile body structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to ensure the safety of an occupant in the event of a collision of an automobile, for example, it is required that a part of the vehicle body be appropriately crushed at the time of the collision and that its kinetic energy be efficiently absorbed. Is done. In such an impact-resistant design of a vehicle body structure, it is important to evaluate and control the appropriate crushing and kinetic energy absorption of members and the vehicle body structure at the time of collision. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many researchers have reported the crushing characteristics of a test piece composed of a circular or hat-shaped polygonal cylindrical body, which is considered as one of the members satisfying the requirements at the design stage.

[0003]

However, since the phenomena generated by the collision of a car are dynamic instability phenomena, there are many problems to deal with the impact crush analytically. For this reason, various types of impact buckling test devices have been prototyped and experimental studies have been conducted.In the impact buckling test of structural members, the measurement time, which is the effective experimental time, is much longer than in the case of the impact compression test of materials. Are often longer,
Therefore, in this type of impact buckling test, there is a high possibility that the effective experimental time is limited, and that the measured waveform includes disturbances due to reflected waves.

An object of the present invention is to provide an impact buckling test apparatus having a long structure, a high precision, and a simple structure.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems Claim 1 according to the present invention
The impact buckling test apparatus described in the above, a reaction block having a sufficient size and mass installed on the base via a buffer member, a column extending vertically upward and fixed to the base, A guide rail extending vertically and fixed to the inside of the column, a truck having guide rollers guided and guided by the guide rail, an impact block detachably connected to the truck, and the reaction force A sufficiently small projection member removably mounted on the upper surface of the block, a drive cylinder supported by the upper end of the column and extending vertically upward and connecting the lower end of the piston rod to the impact block;
A strain sensor for detecting an amount of distortion of the projecting member when the impact block collides with a test piece mounted on the projecting member, wherein the reaction block, the guide rail, the impact block, and the projecting member are made of steel. In addition to being composed of an iron alloy material such as the above, the guide roller is composed of a cushioning member such as rubber or synthetic resin, the impact load when the impact load is applied to the test piece, the active measurement time is long, and It is characterized by being able to measure with high accuracy. That is, by adopting such a configuration, the stress wave generated when an impact load is applied to the test piece is transmitted to the reaction block having a sufficient size and mass. Because the mass is large enough, the reflected waves of stress waves from the side and bottom surfaces of the reaction block,
It does not affect the speed of the protruding member installed on the upper surface of the reaction force block, so it is possible to measure the impact load with a strain gauge adhered to the protruding member with high accuracy and a sufficiently long measurement time. Features. In addition, since the transmission of stress waves between the impact block and the drive cylinder and the guide rail is blocked, and the transmission of stress waves between the reaction block and the base is blocked, the impact load is reduced. The feature is that the stable load and measurement are performed for a long time and with high accuracy.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the impact buckling test apparatus is characterized in that the projecting member is detachably fixed to the upper surface of the reaction force block. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an impact buckling test apparatus, wherein a projecting portion having a curvature is formed on an upper surface of a reaction force block and a lower surface of a projecting member, and the projecting portions are brought into contact with each other. The projection member is supported by the reaction force block.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by setting a sufficiently small protruding member above the reaction force block having a sufficiently large mass and volume, the protruding member can be separated from the test piece under an impact load. The stress wave transmitted through is repeatedly reflected at a short distance between the top surface of the small protrusion and the boundary surface on the upper surface of the reaction force block, thereby creating an approximately uniform stress state in the small protrusion. It is detected by a displacement sensor such as a strain gauge. On the other hand, the stress wave incident on the reaction block from the projecting member can be attenuated by the initial propagation of the spherical wave and repeated reflection interference on the outer peripheral surface thereof. The influence of the stress wave reflected from the surface or the like on the strain sensor set on the projection member including the small projection can be suppressed as much as possible. Therefore, the stress pulse detected by the strain sensor can be measured for a long effective experiment time with little disturbance due to the superposition of the reflected wave, and the generated impact force can be detected for a long time with high accuracy and high sensitivity. Becomes

In addition, the reaction block, the guide rail, the impact block, and the projecting member are formed of an iron alloy material such as steel, and the guide roller is formed of a cushioning member such as rubber or synthetic resin. It is possible to effectively prevent stress waves and vibrations caused by the falling of the wave from propagating to the strain sensor. Further, by fixing the impact block detachably to the carriage, it is possible to mount an impact block having a weight and volume suitable for the test piece,
Various buckling test results can be obtained inexpensively and quickly.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the projection member is detachably fixed to the upper surface of the reaction force block, the projection member suitable for the test piece can be replaced, and a more accurate seat can be obtained. A bending test result can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the projecting member is supported by the reaction force block by the contact of the projecting portion having the curvature,
In addition to being able to receive the impact of the impact block with good stability, it exerts the effect of closely contacting the small gaps between the contact surfaces that are likely to occur when the impact load is repeated many times, and the contact of the contact surface for a long time It can be held and high-precision measurement can be ensured, resulting in a long life.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an example of the impact buckling test device according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a reaction force block 2 is installed on a base 1 via a buffer member 3, and a projection member 5 is placed and held on the upper surface thereof. It is real and made of iron alloy material such as steel. In addition, the base 1
A pair of struts 7 made of, for example, H-shaped steel and extending vertically upward and in parallel with the reaction force block 2 interposed therebetween is projected, and a guide rail 8 extends vertically along the inside of each of the struts 7. An impact block 10 is detachably connected to a carriage 4 that is fixed and guided by a guide roller 9 that rolls on the guide rail 8 so that the impact block 10 can move in the vertical direction. Further, a beam member 11 is erected on the upper ends of the both columns 7, and a driving cylinder 12 is set on the beam member 11 so as to extend vertically and is supported by a plurality of columns 14. The lower end of the piston rod 12a in the pipe 12 is connected to the top of the impact block 10, and the compressed air from the compressor 16 is connected to the pipe 15 connected to the top of the drive cylinder 12.
Is supplied to the drive cylinder 12 through the pressure tank 13 through the passage, and the cylinder 12 is driven by opening and closing operation of the electromagnetic valve 17.

FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged side view showing an example of the reaction force block 2 by notching a main part. In the figure, a projection 2b having a curvature is formed at the center of the upper surface 2a of the reaction force block 2, and the projection member 5 having a sufficiently smaller size and mass is formed by the projection 5a. 2
b is detachably mounted. That is, the projecting member 5 has, for example, a head 5c having a flat top surface 5b on the upper part of a cylindrical shaft part 5d, and a projecting shape of the reaction force block 2 on the lower surface of the shaft part 5d. A protruding portion 5a having a curvature that comes into contact with the portion 2b is formed.
a, and a disk-shaped flange portion 5 projecting radially outward from the lower outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 5d.
e, a plurality of mounting holes 5f are formed, and bolts 18 are inserted through these mounting holes 5f and screwed into the screw holes of the reaction force block 2 so that the reaction force block 2 can be firmly and stably mounted and detached. It is placed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged side view showing an example of the bogie 4 and the impact block 10 by notching main portions. In the figure, a guide rail 8 fixed to a pair of columns 7
As is clearly shown in FIG. 4, a substantially V-shaped guide projection 8a is formed on both side edges of the guide roller 8 and a plurality of guide rollers 9 that engage with the guide projection 8a and roll. A bogie for rotatably supporting the roller shaft 21 fixed to the bearing member 20 and moving the impact block 10 in the vertical direction by fixing the shaft support member 20 to the frame 22 to which the impact block 10 is fixed. 4 are configured. Each of the guide rollers 9 is made of a buffer material such as rubber or synthetic resin, so that the guide rails 8 and the frame 2 are formed.
Even when 2 is made of an iron alloy material such as steel, when the bogie 4 falls along the guide rail 8, the propagation of stress waves and vibrations due to the fall to the protruding member 5 is prevented. It is configured so that it can be effectively prevented.

The carriage 4 is transported upward by a transport device 23 such as a winch fixed to the top of the column 7 and then locked and held at an upper position by a lock member 24 (FIG. 1) of a lock device 25. I have. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of strain sensors, for example, strain gauges 29 are mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the projecting member 5 set on the reaction force block 2, and the amount of strain of the projecting member 5 is measured. And the distortion is measured by the distortion measuring device 30. In addition, a non-contact type magnetic linear encoder 31 is attached to the side surface of the carriage 4 and a reading magnetic head 32 set near the reaction force block 2 is used.
The displacement measuring device 33 is configured to measure a displacement amount when the test piece TP starts buckling and crushing, and the strain measuring device 30
An output signal of the displacement measuring device 33 is input to a computer 34 for signal processing.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. In FIG. 1, a flat top surface 5b of the projection member 5 is shown.
(FIG. 2), for example, after placing a cylindrical test piece TP, the compressed air from the compressor 16 is supplied to the pressure tank 13.
When the lock is released by the lock member 24 of the lock device 25, the carriage 4 is guided by the guide rail 8, falls by the rolling of the guide roller 9, and the impact block 10 is subjected to the test described above. It collides with the piece TP and buckles it. At this time, the amount of distortion of the projecting member 5 is detected by a strain gauge 29 (FIG. 5) attached to the outer peripheral surface of the projecting member 5, and this is measured by a strain measuring device 30. A non-contact type magnetic linear encoder 31 attached to the test piece is read by a read magnetic head 32 set in the vicinity of the reaction block 2 to measure a displacement amount when the test piece TP starts buckling collapse. The output signal of each of the measuring devices 30 and 33 is input to a computer 34 and subjected to predetermined signal processing to be subjected to a buckling test of the test piece TP.

According to the above configuration, by setting the sufficiently small protruding member 5 above the reaction force block 2 having a sufficiently large mass and volume, the protruding member 5 can be separated from the test piece TP under an impact load. The stress wave transmitted through
The top surface 5b of the small protrusion and the upper surface 2a of the reaction block 2
The reflection is repeated at a short distance from the boundary surface in the above, and an approximately uniform stress state is created in the small projection, and this is detected by the strain gauge 29 set on the projection member 5. On the other hand, the stress wave incident on the reaction force block 2 from the projection member 5 is such that the initial spherical wave is diffused and propagated, and
c and the bottom surface of the reaction block 2 can be attenuated by repeating the reflection interference, whereby the stress wave reflected from the outer peripheral surface 2c of the reaction block 2 and the like is set on the projection member 5 composed of small projections. Strain sensor 2
9 can be suppressed as much as possible.

Therefore, the stress pulse detected by the strain measuring device 30 can be measured for a long effective experiment time with little disturbance due to the superposition of the reflected wave, and the generated impact force can be measured with high accuracy and high sensitivity. Time can be detected. In addition, the reaction block 2, the guide rail 8, the impact block 1
By forming the guide roller 9 and the protrusion member 5 from an iron alloy material such as steel, and forming the guide roller 9 from a buffer member such as rubber or synthetic resin, stress waves and vibrations caused by the drop of the cart 4 are distorted. Propagation to the gauge 29 can be effectively prevented, and an accurate buckling test result can be obtained. Further, by connecting the impact block 10 to the carriage 4 in a detachable manner, the impact block 10 having a weight suitable for the test piece TP can be mounted, and various buckling test results can be obtained quickly and inexpensively. it can.

On the other hand, since the projecting member 5 is detachably connected to the upper surface of the reaction block 2, the projecting member 5 suitable for the test piece TP can be replaced and installed. It has the advantage that buckling test results can be obtained. Further, since the projecting member 5 is supported by the reaction force block 2 by the contact of the projecting portion 5a having a curvature,
The impact of the impact block 10 can be received with good stability, and the close contact of the contact surface can be maintained for a long time, so that high-accuracy measurement can be ensured and the life is long.

[0018]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the combination of the reaction block and the protruding member enables measurement with a long effective experimental time with little disturbance due to superposition of reflected waves. Moreover, the generated impact force can be detected for a long time with high accuracy and sensitivity, and the reaction force block, the guide rail, the impact block, and the projecting member are made of an iron alloy material such as steel. By forming the roller from a shock-absorbing member such as rubber or synthetic resin, it is possible to effectively prevent a stress wave or vibration caused by the drop of the bogie from propagating to the strain sensor, and to attach / detach the impact block to / from the bogie. By fixing it as much as possible, it is possible to mount an impact block with a weight and volume suitable for the test piece, and it is possible to obtain various buckling test results inexpensively and quickly. That.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the projection member adapted to the test piece can be replaced by inserting the projection member into the insertion hole of the holder detachably fixed to the upper surface of the reaction force block. It is possible to easily obtain accurate buckling test results. Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the projecting member is supported by the reaction force block by abutting the projecting portion having a curvature, so that the impact of the impact block can be received with good stability. The contact life of the contact surface is maintained for a long time, and the life is long.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an example of an impact buckling test device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged side view showing an example of a reaction force block in the device by notching a main part.

FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged side view showing an example of a bogie and an impact block in the same device by notching main parts.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 base 2 reaction block 2 b projection of reaction block 3 cushioning member 4 cart 5 projection member 5 a projection of projection member 7 column 8 guide rail 9 guide roller 10 impact block 12 drive cylinder 13 piston rod 29 strain sensor (Strain gauge) 30 Displacement measuring instrument TP test piece

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 27, 2001 (2001.2.2)
7)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Brief description on drawing

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an example of an impact buckling test device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged side view showing an example of a reaction force block in the device by notching a main part.

FIG. 3 is a schematic enlarged side view showing an example of a bogie and an impact block in the same device by notching main parts.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a bogie and an impact block in the device .
FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view showing a notch in a main part.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining an example of a measurement operation of the apparatus .
It is a typical measurement system diagram.

[Description of Signs] 1 Base 2 Reaction block 2b Projection of reaction block 3 Buffer member 4 Cartridge 5 Projection member 5a Projection of projection member 7 Post 8 Guide rail 9 Guide roller 10 Impact block 12 Drive cylinder 13 Piston rod 29 Strain sensor (strain gauge) 30 Displacement measuring instrument TP test piece

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A reaction block installed on a base via a cushioning member, a column extending vertically upward and fixed to the base, and a guide extending vertically and fixed inside the column. A carriage having a rail, a guide roller guided and rolled by the guide rail, an impact block detachably connected to the carriage, and a projection member detachably mounted on the upper surface of the reaction force block A driving cylinder, which is supported by an upper end of the column and extends vertically upward and has a lower end of a piston rod connected to the impact block, and the impact block collides with a test piece placed on the projecting member. And a distortion sensor for detecting a distortion amount of the projection member generated when the reaction member is formed. The reaction force block, the guide rail, the impact block, and the projection member are made of an iron alloy material such as steel. The guide roller is made of a cushioning member such as rubber or synthetic resin, and the impact force generated when hitting the test piece with the impact block is disturbed by the reflected stress waves from the side and bottom surfaces of the reaction block. Not
An impact buckling test apparatus configured to be detectable by the sensor and configured to prevent stress waves and vibrations caused by the drop of the bogie from being propagated to the sensor. 2. The impact buckling test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the small projection member is detachably fixed to the upper surface of the reaction force block. 3. A projecting portion having a curvature is formed on the upper surface of the reaction force block and the lower surface of the projecting member, and the projecting members are supported by the reaction force block by bringing the projecting portions into contact with each other. The impact buckling test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: