JP2002127138A - Apparatus for volume reduction and solidification of waste such as foamed polystyrene - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To start operation again without making any work and handling necessary before operation in an apparatus for volume reduction and solidification of a waste such as a foamed polystyrene so as to make it convenient for storing and carrying. SOLUTION: In the apparatus for volume reduction and solidification consisting of a pressing chamber 14 in the outer cylinder 22 of which the terminal end part of a screw body 30 is stored and a molding cylinder 23 being successively arranged to the outer cylinder 22 of the pressing chamber, the terminal end of the outer cylinder 22 of the pressing chamber is made to approximately coincide with the terminal end of the screw blade 32 and the open area of the terminal end of the outer cylinder 22 of the pressing chamber is made larger than the crosssectional open area of the molding cylinder 23.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is to reduce the volume of solid waste such as styrofoam, which is widely used as a packaging container for seafood and vegetables, or as a heat insulating material for buildings, for convenient storage and transportation. To a device that

[Prior art]

[0002] Waste such as styrene foam is light and bulky, and it is necessary to reduce the volume as close to the point where the waste is generated as possible in order to increase the efficiency of transportation and storage. Therefore, there is a need for a volume reducing and solidifying device that has a relatively simple structure, does not require special materials and skills for operation of the device, and is small and easily movable.

As this type of volume reducing and solidifying apparatus, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent No. 2954505, the diameter of a screw blade (spiral blade) is gradually reduced toward the end in the transport direction, and the end of the screw blade is outside the compression chamber. It is known that the compression chamber housed in the cylinder (extended casing) and the compression chamber outer cylinder gradually decrease in cross-sectional opening area in accordance with the gradual decrease in the diameter of the screw blade, and that a molding cylinder (nozzle) connected to the compression chamber outer cylinder is provided. Have been.

This forming cylinder (nozzle) is composed of four revolving plates whose sectional opening area gradually decreases toward the end of the conveying direction, so that the end of the revolving plate in the conveying direction can move in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. The hinge is connected to the compression chamber outer cylinder. The movement of the revolving plate is fixed so that it can be adjusted by a screw jack or pushed by a spring.

[0005] In such a volume reducing and solidifying apparatus, the crushed waste generates frictional heat with the screw blade, and the waste is partially melted at a temperature of about 60 to 80 ° C.
It itself is used as a binder to enhance the shape retention of the lump.

[0006]

In the above-mentioned compact compacting and solidifying apparatus, since the apparatus is operated at the time when the waste is collected, it is assumed that the apparatus is repeatedly started and stopped many times a day. . Therefore, during operation, the waste that has become high temperature and softened near the screw blades also cools and hardens when stopped. In particular, when stopped from a high temperature state and cooled, the waste becomes harder and sticks near the screw blade.

The above-described nozzle formed by a swirl plate whose cross-sectional opening area gradually decreases from the outlet of the compression chamber of the extension casing is clogged with solidified waste when stopped. In addition, the screw blades may be damaged by the adhered waste, and the operation cannot be restarted.

Therefore, it is necessary to open the revolving plate to remove the solidified waste before the operation, and it is troublesome if such operation is required in an operation in which starting and stopping are repeated. In addition, it is conceivable to heat the vicinity of the revolving plate with a heater or the like before operation to soften it.However, plastics may have poor thermal conductivity, and it is difficult to heat it appropriately. Equipment costs are wasted.

Accordingly, the present invention provides an apparatus for facilitating volume reduction of waste such as styrofoam by a volume reduction solidification apparatus capable of restarting operation without requiring any operation or operation before operation. Aim.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for reducing and solidifying the volume of waste such as styrofoam, comprising a screw body 30 for compressing and conveying styrofoam and the like, and a screw blade of the screw body 30 toward the end in the conveying direction. The diameter of the screw body 30 is gradually reduced, and the end of the screw body 30 is
The compression chamber 14 accommodated in the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 has a sectional opening area gradually reduced in accordance with the gradual decrease in the diameter of the screw blade 32, and in a volume reduction solidifying device including a molding cylinder 23 connected to the compression chamber outer cylinder 22, The terminal end of the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 and the terminal end of the screw blade 32 are substantially matched, and the sectional opening area of the forming cylinder 23 is larger than the opening area of the terminal end of the compression chamber outer cylinder 22.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the solidification apparatus for reducing the volume of waste such as styrene foam, the molding cylinder 23 has a uniform polygonal cross section and is formed to be thin with good heat dissipation.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solidification apparatus for reducing the volume of waste such as styrofoam, in which a molding cylinder 23 is divided in parallel to a conveying direction and is urged by a spring 24 in a direction in which the sectional opening area decreases. It is.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS According to the first aspect of the present invention, a compression chamber outer cylinder is provided.
Since the end of 22 and the end of the screw blade 32 almost coincide with each other, waste such as styrene foam solidified in the compression chamber 14 is crushed by the screw blade 32. The compression chamber outer cylinder 22
Since the cross-sectional opening area of the forming cylinder 23 is larger than the opening area of the terminal end of the compression chamber 23, the waste discharged from the end of the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 has room to expand, and the waste such as styrene foam solidified in the molding cylinder 23 is It does not adhere to the molding cylinder 23.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the molding cylinder 23 has a uniform polygonal cross section, solid waste such as styrene foam is discharged without difficulty, and the discharged waste is a polygonal rod. And can be stacked efficiently and reasonably. Further, since the molding cylinder 23 is formed to be thin with good heat dissipation, waste such as styrene foam in the molding cylinder 23 is cooled, solidified and discharged even during continuous operation.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the forming cylinder is divided in parallel with the conveying direction and urged by the spring in a direction in which the sectional opening area decreases, waste such as styrene foam is formed in the forming cylinder. Even if expanded, the cross-sectional opening area increases and does not adhere to the molding cylinder 23.

[0016]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The waste such as styrofoam in the present invention includes styrofoam alone or a mixture containing the styrofoam, and foam waste of a polymer compound having a property similar to that of styrofoam, which generates heat by frictional heat and is softened. .

As shown in FIG. 1, the volume reducing and solidifying device includes a substantially cubic outer frame 1, an upper lid 2 which slides in a horizontal direction to open and close, and a pair of fixed wheels for moving to a lower portion thereof. 3 and a pair of free wheels 4 are provided. Further, a control panel 5 for operating the apparatus is provided on a side surface of the outer frame 1.

Inside the outer frame 1, a motor room 13 is provided on one side.
The remaining upper hopper 11 and the lower crushing chamber 12 are provided, and the hopper 11 opens the upper part as a waste inlet, and the hopper 11 and the crushing chamber 12 communicate with each other, and the hopper 11 and the crushing chamber 12 The motor room 13 is partitioned by a partition.

The motor chamber 13 is provided with a motor 21 having a speed reducer, and the output shaft of the motor 21 rotates about 70 times per minute. The crushing chamber 12 is provided with a screw body 30 that rotates about the horizontal direction as an axis. One end of a screw shaft 31 of the screw body 30 is connected to a motor 21, and the screw body 30 is rotated by the motor 21. The screw body 30 is supported in a cantilever manner on the motor 21 side, and is rotated so that the opposite side is a transport end,
The transport end side is not supported.

The screw body 30 is protruded from the crushing chamber 12 to the outside of the outer frame 1, and a compression chamber outer cylinder 22 for accommodating the protruding end of the screw body 30 is provided from the outer frame 1. It is assumed to be 14.

The screw body 30 is provided with a screw shaft 31 which is an elongated round bar, a screw blade 32 spirally wound around the screw shaft 31, and a crushing rod 33 radially mounted on the screw shaft 31. Styrofoam and the like are compressed and conveyed by the screw blades 32 of the screw body 30.

The pitch of the screw blades 32 is constant at 160 mm in the crushing chamber 12 and gradually decreases in the compression chamber 14. The screw blade 32 has a constant diameter of 200 mm in the crushing chamber 12, a maximum of 270 mm in diameter immediately before the compression chamber 14, a minimum of 115 mm in diameter at the exit of the compression chamber 14, and heads toward the end of the conveying direction in the compression chamber 14. Accordingly, the diameter of the screw blade 32 of the screw body 30 is gradually reduced.

The crushing rod 33 is attached only to the screw body 30 in the crushing chamber 12, and the tip of the crushing rod 33 is
And crushes a lump such as styrofoam finely with a comb-like body provided in the crushing chamber 12.

The end of the compression chamber outer tube 22 in the transfer direction is substantially matched with the end of the screw blade 32 in the transfer direction, and waste such as styrene foam in the compression chamber 14 is compressed and transferred by the rotation of the screw blade 32.

The outer cylinder 22 of the compression chamber is a truncated conical cylinder like a funnel whose cross-sectional opening area gradually decreases in accordance with a gradual decrease in the diameter of the screw blade 32 when viewed in a large view. It has a truncated polygonal pyramid shape like a series of plates to prevent twisting. In the embodiment, the diameter of the opening on the inlet side of the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 is about 310 mm, the diameter of the opening on the outlet side, that is, the terminal end is about 125 mm, and the opening area is about 123 cm ² .

The compression chamber outer cylinder 22 is provided with flanges at the inlet and outlet thereof, attached to the outer frame 1 by an inlet flange, and provided with a molding cylinder 23 connected to the outlet flange.

The molding cylinder 23 is a cylinder having a substantially quadrangular cross section, an inner opening having an octagonal cross section with a reduced angle, having a uniform inner opening over its entire length, and an opening at the end of the outer cylinder 22 of the compression chamber. The sectional opening area of the molding cylinder 23 was set larger than the area. In the embodiment, the distance between the opposite sides of the cross-section opening of the molding cylinder 23 is about 140 mm, and the opening area is about 171 cm ² .

The length of the molding cylinder 23 is such that the waste such as styrene foam extruded from the screw body 30 is sufficiently cooled and solidified. In the embodiment, the length is 500 mm.
The molding cylinder 23 is formed of a thin steel plate having good heat dissipation properties.

The molding cylinder 23 is divided into upper and lower parts parallel to the direction of conveying waste such as styrene foam, and the lower molding cylinder 23 is detachably fixed to the outlet flange of the outer cylinder 22 of the compression chamber. . The upper molding cylinder 23 is placed on the lower molding cylinder 23, and is connected to the spring 24 by bolts 25.

The upper molding cylinder 23 is urged by a spring 24 in a direction in which the sectional opening area decreases, that is, downward. A plurality of springs 24 are provided so as to urge evenly. In the embodiment, six compression springs having a spring constant of about 10 kg-f / mm are compressed by about 2 mm in a standard state.

An outer covering frame 26 is provided to cover the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 and the forming cylinder 23 from the outer frame 1, and the outer covering frame 26 prevents a worker from being burned by heat generated from the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 and the forming cylinder 23. Attach bags when waste does not solidify.

Next, the operation will be described together with its effects.

The lid 2 is opened and waste such as styrene foam is put into the hopper 11 as a lump. When the switch of the control panel 5 is turned on, the motor 21 rotates and the screw body 30 rotates.

The lump of styrofoam or the like that has reached the crushing chamber 12 is finely crushed by a crushing rod 33 and conveyed to the compression chamber 14 by a screw blade 32.

The Styrofoam and the like conveyed to the compression chamber 14 gradually decrease the diameter of the screw blade 32 toward the end in the conveyance direction, and the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 gradually decreases in cross-sectional opening area in accordance with the diameter of the screw blade 32 gradually decreases. Therefore, it is compressed and conveyed and delivered to the forming cylinder 23.

The styrofoam and the like delivered from the compression chamber 14 to the molding cylinder 23 are sequentially pushed by the subsequent ones, and advance.
In the meantime, it is cooled and solidified to enhance shape retention,
It is discharged in a column shape that is easy to handle.

At this time, the molding cylinder 23 has a uniform polygonal cross section, and waste such as solidified styrofoam is discharged without difficulty, and the discharged waste becomes a polygonal rod and is efficiently and efficiently. Since they are stacked on each other, storage and transportation efficiency is high. Further, since the molding cylinder 23 is formed to be thin with good heat dissipation, and the waste such as styrene foam in the molding cylinder 23 is cooled, solidified and discharged even during the continuous operation, the handling becomes easy.

When the temperature has not risen sufficiently immediately after the start of use, the fuel is discharged without being solidified, but may be collected in a bag or the like and re-filled.

When the operation is stopped after the end of the operation, the waste such as styrene foam which has become high temperature and softened due to the friction with the screw blade 32 near the end of the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 in the conveying direction also becomes over time. Cools and solidifies. In order to restart the operation even in this state, it is only necessary to put waste such as styrofoam into the hopper 11 as a lump and to switch on the control panel 5, and to remove waste such as solidified styrofoam in the molding cylinder 23. No need.

At this time, the end of the outer cylinder 22 of the compression chamber and the end of the screw blade 32 almost coincide with each other, and the waste such as styrene foam solidified in the compression chamber 14 is crushed by the screw blade 32, and is pushed into the forming cylinder 23. It is not transported and clogged, making it impossible to operate.

Further, the sectional opening area of the forming cylinder 23 is made larger than the opening area of the terminal end of the compression chamber outer cylinder 22, and the waste discharged from the terminal end of the compression chamber outer cylinder 22 has room to expand. Since the waste such as the expanded polystyrene does not adhere to the molding cylinder 23, the waste is not pushed out, conveyed, and clogged to make the operation inoperable.

Further, the forming cylinder 23 is divided in parallel to the conveying direction, and is urged by a spring 24 in a direction in which the sectional opening area is reduced. Since the area is increased and does not adhere to the forming cylinder 23, it is not pushed out, conveyed, clogged, and made inoperable.

In the above embodiment, the example in which the molding cylinder 23 is divided into upper and lower parts parallel to the conveying direction of the waste such as styrofoam etc., but may be divided into right and left parts or three or more parts.

Although the example in which the spring 24 is constituted by a plurality of compression springs has been described, it is sufficient that the molding cylinder 23 is elastically urged, and a spring such as a tension spring, a torsion coil spring, or a leaf spring, rubber or plastic is used. You may use an elastic body like this.

[0046]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the ends of the outer cylinder of the compression chamber and the ends of the screw blades substantially coincide with each other, and waste such as styrene foam solidified in the compression chamber is crushed by the screw blades. It will not be pushed out and transported, and will not be clogged and become inoperable.

Further, the sectional opening area of the forming cylinder is made larger than the opening area of the end of the outer cylinder of the compression chamber, so that the waste discharged from the end of the outer cylinder of the compression chamber has room to expand, such as styrene foam solidified in the forming cylinder. Since the waste does not adhere to the molding cylinder, it is not pushed out and conveyed, and does not become clogged and become inoperable.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the molded cylinder has a uniform polygonal cross section, and waste such as solidified polystyrene is discharged without difficulty, and the discharged waste is a polygonal rod. Because it can be stacked efficiently without difficulty,
High storage and transportation efficiency. In addition, since the molding cylinder is formed into a thin wall having good heat dissipation, and waste such as styrene foam in the molding cylinder is cooled, solidified and discharged even during continuous operation,
Its handling becomes easy.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the molding cylinder is divided in parallel to the conveying direction, and is urged by a spring in a direction in which the cross-sectional opening area decreases, so that waste such as styrene foam expands in the molding cylinder. However, since the cross-sectional opening area increases and does not adhere to the molding cylinder, it is not pushed out, conveyed, and clogged to disable operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cut-away side view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for reducing and solidifying waste such as styrene foam.

FIG. 2 is a front view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view showing a main part of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 14 Compression chamber 22 Compression chamber outer cylinder 23 Molding cylinder 24 Spring 30 Screw body 32 Screw blade

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Takahashi 3-10-20 Kitaokaju, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido (72) Inventor Naoki Yamazaki 552-1 Sakaemachi, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 4F301 AA15 AC20 BA21 BB05 BE18 BE31 BF12 BF16 BF31 BG09 BG16 BG45

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A screw body for compressing and conveying polystyrene foam or the like, a diameter of a screw blade of the screw body is gradually reduced toward a terminal end in a conveying direction, and a terminal end of the screw body is compressed in a compression chamber housed in a compression chamber outer cylinder. The outer cylinder has a cross-sectional opening area that gradually decreases in accordance with the gradual decrease in the diameter of the screw blade, and in a volume reduction and solidification device including a molding cylinder connected to the compression chamber outer cylinder, the end of the compression chamber outer cylinder and the end of the screw blade almost coincide. An apparatus for reducing and solidifying waste such as styrofoam, in which the cross-sectional opening area of the molding cylinder is larger than the opening area of the end of the compression chamber outer cylinder. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the molding cylinder has a uniform polygonal cross section and is formed to be thin with good heat dissipation. 3. The apparatus for reducing and solidifying waste such as styrofoam according to claim 1, wherein the forming cylinder is divided in parallel with the conveying direction, and is urged by a spring in a direction in which its sectional opening area decreases.