JP2002115743A - Damper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damper capable of making an occupying space less by inhibiting a horizontal projecting amount of an upper part of a multi-stage laminated rubber, thereby, capable of appropriately exhibiting a required damping performance even at a limited space and also enhancing a support stability of a mass body at the time of damping. SOLUTION: In this damper 1, a mass body 5 is elastically supported on an object 2 to be damped by a multi-stage laminated rubber 4 in which laminated rubbers 8 horizontally deformed are vertically laminated to a multi-stage. The laminated rubber 8 positioned at an upper part is arranged on the inside of an outer shape outline of the laminated rubber 8 positioned at a lower part in order to form a horizontal deformation space S at the upper part of the multi-stage laminated rubber 4 just on the lower part of the multi-stage laminated rubber 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration damping device having a multi-layer laminated rubber for elastically supporting a mass body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 6, there is conventionally known a TMD type vibration damping device c in which a mass body b is elastically supported by a multi-layered rubber a. The multi-stage laminated rubber a is provided on the top part d of a building or the like, which is a vibration damping target, at a plurality of positions horizontally spaced apart from each other, and a mass body b is provided so as to span between the upper portions of the multi-stage laminated rubber a. ing. Each multi-stage laminated rubber a is mainly constituted by alternately stacking steel plates and rubber sheets, and a plurality of laminated rubber elements e which are deformed in the horizontal direction.
And a plurality of plate members f sandwiched between the upper and lower laminated rubber elements e in order to stack these laminated rubber elements e in multiple stages in the vertical direction. In the illustrated conventional example, a plurality of laminated rubber elements e are provided in each stage, and these laminated rubber elements e are arranged at the edge portions of the plate material f at intervals in the horizontal direction. And especially,
With respect to the arrangement of these laminated rubber elements e in the vertical direction, the laminated rubber element e below is located immediately below the laminated rubber element e above, and a series of arrangements is made in the vertical direction.

[0003]

The vibration damping device c having the above-mentioned structure
In this case, when vibration is generated in an object to be damped such as a building, the vibration acts on the mass body b, and the mass body b elastically supported by the multi-layered rubber a Vibrates in the horizontal direction while deforming each in the horizontal direction. At this time, the vibration phase of the mass body b is shifted from the vibration phase of the vibration damping object by the elastic support by the multi-layer laminated rubber a, so that the vibration damping effect on the vibration damping object is exerted.

[0004] Fig. 7 shows a deformed state of the multi-layer laminated rubber a in the vibration state of the mass body b. Since the lower laminated rubber element e is positioned immediately below the rubber element e and is arranged in a series in the vertical direction, the multi-layer laminated rubber a is formed by accumulating the amount of deformation of the laminated rubber element e in each stage in the horizontal direction. The upper part of the upper part would protrude greatly outward in the horizontal direction of the lower part. For this reason,
When installing the vibration damping device c on an object to be damped, it is necessary to secure a moving space for the mass body b corresponding to this protruding amount around the installation space of the multi-layer laminated rubber a. However, there is a problem that the occupied space needs to be large.

In other words, a TMD type vibration damping device c
In this case, since the natural frequency of the vibration damping device c to be tuned to the natural frequency of the object to be damped is set by the amplitude of the mass b, the amplitude of the mass b cannot be secured as necessary. In such a case, a sufficient damping effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, when the damping device c must be installed in a limited space, the amount of the multi-layer laminated rubber a protruding in the horizontal direction becomes an obstacle, and the damping device c exhibits appropriate performance. There was a problem that it could not be done.

Further, in the conventional vibration damping device c, the lower laminated rubber element e is located immediately below the upper laminated rubber element e, and is arranged in a series in the vertical direction. Is more critical than when it is stationary
In the dynamic state described above, the upper and lower laminated rubber elements e are displaced in the horizontal direction, and there is a problem in that the support stability of the mass body b by the multi-stage laminated rubber a during vibration suppression is concerned.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to reduce the amount of horizontal protrusion of the upper portion of the multi-layer laminated rubber in the horizontal direction, thereby reducing the occupied space. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vibration damping device capable of appropriately exhibiting required vibration damping performance even in a limited space and further improving the support stability of a mass body during vibration damping.

[0008]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a multi-layer laminated rubber in which laminated rubber which is deformed in a horizontal direction is laminated in multiple stages in an up-down direction is formed on an object to be damped. In the vibration damping device configured to elastically support the mass body, in order to form the horizontal deformation space of the upper portion of the multi-layer laminated rubber just above the lower portion of the multi-layer laminated rubber, the upper laminated rubber is moved downward. , Is arranged inside the outer contour of the laminated rubber.

Further, the laminated rubber laminated in multiple stages is composed of a plurality of laminated rubber elements arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the laminated rubber element located above is located below. It is characterized in that it is arranged inside the space between them.

Further, a compression spring means is provided between the vibration damping object and the mass body in parallel with the multi-layer laminated rubber so as to be capable of tilting while elastically supporting the mass body.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the vibration damping device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of vibration damping devices 1 provided horizontally on an installation surface 3 on a vibration damping target 2 such as a roof of a building. And a planar rectangular mass body 5 which is stretched between the tops of the multi-stage laminated rubber 4 and elastically supported on the vibration damping object 2 and is horizontally moved in all directions in the horizontal direction. A compression spring means 6 which is provided between the body 5 and the installation surface 3 and is located between the multi-stage laminated rubbers 4 and is capable of tilting while elastically supporting the mass body 5, and between the multi-stage laminated rubber 4 on the installation surface 3 A stopper means 7 is provided so as to be positioned and restricts the amount of deformation of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 in the horizontal direction.

Each of the multi-stage laminated rubbers 4 is provided at four corners of a rectangular mass body 5 and has a plurality of laminated rubbers 8 which are deformed in the horizontal direction.
In order to laminate these laminated rubbers 8 in multiple stages in the vertical direction,
A circular steel plate member 9 is interposed between the laminated rubbers 8 positioned above and below. In the present embodiment, the laminated rubber 8 is disposed on the outer peripheral edge of the plate 9 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at each step so as to form a substantially annular outer contour. It is composed of a plurality of columnar laminated rubber elements 10 arranged. In the illustrated example, four laminated rubber elements 10 are provided in the uppermost stage, and eight in the other stages. As in the prior art, these laminated rubber elements 10 are integrally formed by stacking a steel sheet and a rubber sheet, and are elastically deformed in the horizontal direction. These laminated rubber elements 10 exhibit considerable damping performance according to their rubber properties. In order to ensure sufficient damping performance, the laminated rubber element 10 may be a laminated rubber containing a lead plug or a high-damped laminated rubber. Further, although not shown, a separate damping device may be provided between the vibration damping object 2 and the mass body 5. The upper and lower ends of these laminated rubber elements 10 are fixed to the plate members 9 immediately above and below, respectively.
Further, similar plate members 9 are provided above the uppermost laminated rubber element 10 and below the lowermost laminated rubber element 10, and these plate members 9 are fixed to the mass 5 and the installation surface 3, respectively.

In particular, these laminated rubber elements 10 are disposed inside the laminated rubber elements 10 located above and below the laminated rubber elements 10 located below. Specifically, at least in the diametrical direction of the plate material 9, the upper-stage laminated rubber element 10 is disposed immediately below the lower-stage laminated rubber element 10 that is disposed at an interval from each other in the horizontal direction. The lowermost laminated rubber element 10 is disposed on the outermost side of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 and the uppermost laminated rubber element 10 is disposed at the center. In the illustrated example, the laminated rubber element 1
0 is arranged so that the arrangement in the vertical direction from the uppermost stage to the lowermost stage is radial from the center of the multi-stage laminated rubber 4 to the outer peripheral edge along the radial direction, whereby the multi-stage laminated rubber 4 is omnidirectional in the horizontal direction. Are configured to exhibit substantially uniform elastic characteristics. In the above configuration, when the plurality of laminated rubber elements 10 in each stage are viewed as an integral laminated rubber 8, the laminated rubber 8 located above is arranged inside the outer contour of the laminated rubber 8 located below. I can understand. The plate material 9 on which the laminated rubber elements 10 are fixed is formed in each stage in such a size as to be stretched between the laminated rubber elements 10 immediately below the plate material 9. Therefore, these plate materials 9 are moved upward from those located below. The outer dimensions are sequentially formed smaller for those to be located. Therefore, when viewed as a whole, the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 is formed so as to gradually narrow from the bottom to the top. As a result, the laminated rubber 8 or the laminated rubber element 4 formed by laminating the laminated rubber elements 10 in multiple stages is deformed in the horizontal direction. Immediately above the lower laminated rubber element 10, the upper laminated rubber element 10
The horizontal deformation space S which is deformed in the horizontal direction is formed.

A plurality of compression spring means 6 are provided between the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 constructed in this way and in parallel with them. A total of four compression spring means 6 are arranged, two at a distance from each other, along a pair of diagonal directions of the rectangular mass 5. Each compression spring means 6 has a lower end
And a hollow cylindrical outer cylinder 12 having an upper end opened and connected via a well-known spherical joint 11, and an upper end connected to the mass body 5 via a similar spherical joint 11 and a lower end sliding into the outer cylinder 12. It comprises a shaft 13 movably inserted, and two coiled compression springs 14 and 15 provided in a compressed state around the shaft 13 and the outer cylinder 12. Each of the compression springs 14 and 15 has an upper end attached to the shaft 13 and a lower end attached to the outer cylinder 12.
Are provided in parallel with each other, and are extended and contracted while being guided by the shaft body 13 and the outer cylinder 12. In particular, these compression springs 14 and 15 are set so that their natural length and spring rigidity are different from each other. Then, when the mass body 5 is displaced in the horizontal direction, each compression spring means 6 causes the shaft body 13 to protrude and retract from the outer cylinder 12 and
The three compression springs 14 and 15 are respectively extended and contracted, and the whole is tilted via the spherical joint 11.

In particular, the compression spring means 6 has the following functions. In the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 having the above configuration, when the mass body 5 is at rest, the load of the mass body 5 acts on the center of each plate 9. At this time, since the outer peripheral edge of the plate material 9 is supported by the laminated rubber element 10, a large bending moment is applied to the plate material 9 so that the center thereof bends downward. May also be inclined toward the center of the plate material 9. Compression spring 1 of compression spring means 6
4 and 15 are arranged vertically between the mass body 5 and the vibration damping target 2 in a compressed state, and are set so as to support most of the load of the mass body 5 when the mass body 5 is at rest. The bending moment acting on the plate material 9 is reduced as much as possible, and the laminated rubber element 10 is prevented from tilting.

In general, in the case of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 having a structure in which the laminated rubber 8 is laminated in multiple stages, generally, when the mass body 5 is horizontally displaced, not all of the laminated rubbers 8 in all the stages produce completely uniform horizontal deformation. The elastic characteristics of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 exhibit non-linearity. That is, the elastic coefficient of the multi-stage laminated rubber 4 changes according to the displacement amount of the mass body 5.
Therefore, when such multi-layer laminated rubber 4 is applied to the TMD type vibration damping device 1, the natural vibration period of the vibration damping device 1 changes according to the displacement amount of the mass body 5 according to the magnitude of the external force. Would. This TMD type vibration damping device 1
The desired vibration damping effect can be obtained only by tuning to the natural period of the vibration damping object 2. However, when the periodic characteristics of the vibration damping device 1 are not constant, the external force within a limited range can be obtained. Only effective vibration damping effect is exhibited. The two compression springs 14 and 15 of the compression spring means 6 are set so that their natural lengths and spring stiffness are different from each other, and are arranged in parallel with the multi-stage laminated rubber 4. The elasticity of the laminated rubber 4 alone can be improved to expand the range of the external force that can exert an effective vibration damping effect, and the TM for the natural period of the vibration damping target 2 can be increased.
The tuning of the D-type vibration damping device 1 can be improved.

In the TMD type vibration damping device 1 using the multi-layer laminated rubber 4, the longer period of the periodic characteristic is determined by the spring rigidity of the laminated rubber 8 and the like laminated in multiple stages. In order to achieve a longer cycle, that is, to set the spring rigidity to be soft, it is necessary to take measures such as increasing the height of the laminated rubber 8 and increasing the number of steps. The compression springs 14 and 15 of the compression spring means 6 are interposed between the mass body 5 and the installation surface 3 in a compressed state. When the mass body 5 is displaced in the horizontal direction, the compression springs 14 and 15 restore their natural length. The movement of the mass body 5 is promoted by the force, so that the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 can be apparently elastically deformed like a soft rubber, thereby suppressing the vibration of the laminated rubber 8 without increasing the height or increasing the number of steps. A longer period of the device 1 can be achieved.

Four stopper means 7 are provided immediately below the outer peripheral edge of the mass body 5 between the multi-stage laminated rubbers 4 at the four corners of the mass body 5, and are adjacent to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions of the mass body 5. While regulating the amount of deformation of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4,
In the diagonal direction of the mass body 5, two are paired to regulate the amount of deformation of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4. The stopper means 7 is formed of a steel frame or a concrete structure in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped having a height below the mass body 5 and has a vertical surface 7a facing the multi-stage laminated rubber 4 as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the upper laminated rubber element 10 is disposed inside the lower laminated rubber element 10, and the position of the laminated rubber element 10 shifted upward from below is increased by the movement of the mass body 5 in the horizontal direction. When a series of lines are arranged in a substantially vertical direction by deformation, they are set at positions where they come into contact with the edges of the plate material 9, thereby preventing further deformation of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4. When the mass body 5 moves horizontally in the diagonal direction, the stopper means 7 are paired to regulate the amount of deformation of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4. The modified form of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 in which the laminated rubber elements 4 are arranged in series in a substantially vertical direction can be appropriately set according to the spring rigidity of each laminated rubber element 10 and the number of the laminated rubber elements 10 arranged in each step.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. In the vibration damping device 1 according to the present embodiment, when vibration is input to the vibration damping target 2, the mass body 5 elastically supported by the multi-layer laminated rubber 4.
Moves in the horizontal direction, and accordingly, the laminated rubber element 10 constituting the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 is deformed in the horizontal direction. At this time, immediately above the lower part of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4, there is a horizontal deformation space S in which the upper part can be horizontally deformed within the installation space of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 determined by the outer dimensions of the lowermost step. Since it is formed, the amount of horizontal protrusion of the upper part exceeding the installation space can be suppressed, and the space required for the operation of the vibration damping device 1 can be reduced. Even if it does, the required vibration damping performance of the vibration damping device 1 can be appropriately exhibited.

Further, in the maximum deformation state of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 regulated by the stopper means 7, the laminated rubber elements 10 are arranged in a series in a substantially vertical direction, that is, more critical than when the mass body 5 is stationary. In the dynamic state of the mass body 5, the laminated rubber elements 10 can be arranged in a line in the vertical direction to support the load of the mass body 5 linearly in the vertical direction. The support stability of the mass body 5 can be improved. In addition, since the laminated rubber elements 10 are arranged in a line in the vertical direction in this manner, the moment of the plate member 9 which is maximum when the mass body 5 is at rest is also reduced when the critical mass body 5 is in a dynamic state. Also, the structural safety of the vibration damping device 1 can be improved.

Further, the elasticity of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 alone can be improved by the compression spring means 6, and the tunability of the TMD type vibration damping device 1 with respect to the natural period of the vibration damping object 2 can be improved. At the same time, the multi-layer laminated rubber 4 can be elastically deformed like an apparently soft rubber,
The period of the vibration damping device 1 can be increased.

On the other hand, the compression spring means 6 can minimize the bending moment of the plate member 9 when the mass body 5 is at rest, so that the upper laminated rubber element 10 is disposed between the lower laminated rubber element 10 and the inner side. The vibration damping device 1 in which the position of the laminated rubber element 10 is shifted upward from below and disposed.
, The support stability of the mass body 5 in the stationary state can be secured.

4 and 5 show a modified embodiment. These are all hybrid type vibration damping devices 1 in which the mass 5 of the TMD type passive vibration damping device 1 can be actively driven as required.
a, 1b, which responds passively to vibrations caused by the action of normal winds, and responds to strong winds such as typhoons or earthquake motions by vibration sensors detected by the sensors provided in the vibration damping target 2. The mass body 5 is vibrated according to.
FIG. 4 shows a type in which a known active mass damper 16 is mounted on the mass body 5, and FIG. 5 shows a vibration device 17 such as a ball screw mechanism or a hydraulic cylinder between the mass body 5 and the vibration damping object 2. This is a type provided, and the vibration damping device 1 can be appropriately applied to any type.

Incidentally, the outer contour of the arrangement of the laminated rubber 8 or the laminated rubber element 10 is not limited to an annular shape. The laminated rubber 8 may also be a single piece without being composed of the plurality of laminated rubber elements 10. The compression springs 14, 15 are
Various types of springs can be employed without being limited to the coil shape.

Further, in order to regulate the rotational displacement of the mass body 5, a guide means such as a slide rail for guiding the moving direction of the mass body 5 is provided between the mass body 5 and the vibration damping object 2. You may. Also, the plate material 9 of the multi-layer laminated rubber 4
In order to reduce the shock when the edge of the abutment comes into contact with the stopper means 7, a hydraulic type shock absorber may be provided between the stopper means 7 and the moving mass 5.

[0026]

As described above, in the present invention,
The amount of horizontal protrusion of the upper part of the multi-layer laminated rubber in the horizontal direction can be suppressed, and the space required for the operation of the vibration damping device can be reduced. The performance can be appropriately secured, and the support stability of the mass body during vibration suppression can be improved.

Further, the elasticity of the multi-layer laminated rubber alone is improved by the compression spring means combined with the multi-layer laminated rubber having the above-described structure, and the tunability of the TMD type vibration damper with respect to the natural period of the vibration damping object is improved. In addition to being able to improve, the multi-layer laminated rubber can be apparently elastically deformed like soft rubber, and the period of the vibration damping device can be lengthened. The bending moment can be reduced as much as possible, and the support stability of the mass body in the stationary state can be ensured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a vibration damping device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 and showing an operating state of the vibration damping device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment of the vibration damping device according to the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2, showing another modified embodiment of the vibration damping device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a conventional vibration damping device.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a deformed state of the multi-layer laminated rubber in the vibration damping device of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 damping device 2 damping target 4 multi-layer laminated rubber 5 mass body 6 compression spring means 8 laminated rubber 10 laminated rubber element S horizontal deformation space

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A vibration damping device in which a mass body is elastically supported on an object to be damped by a multi-stage laminated rubber in which laminated rubber deformed in a horizontal direction is laminated in multiple stages in a vertical direction. In order to form a horizontal deformation space of the upper part of the multi-layer laminated rubber just above the lower part of the laminated rubber, the laminated rubber located above is arranged inside the outer contour of the laminated rubber located below. Vibration control device. 2. The laminated rubber element which is laminated in multiple stages is composed of a plurality of laminated rubber elements arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the laminated rubber element located above is located below. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration damping device is disposed inside the space between the vibration dampers. 3. A compression spring means, which is capable of tilting and elastically supporting the mass body, is provided in parallel with the multi-layer laminated rubber between the object to be damped and the mass body. 3. The vibration damping device according to 1 or 2.