JP2002115527A - Particulate combustion removing device of diesel particulate filter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce particulate combustion energy by controlling a flow line of exhaust gas at particulate filtering time and an air current flow line at combustion removing time in different optimal operations in a diesel particulate combustion removing device. SOLUTION: This particulate combustion removing device is provided with a first passage forming device for forming a passage reaching an exhaust gas deriving pipe after being filtered by a filter from an exhaust gas introducing pipe for parallelly introducing exhaust gas into the whole one surface or the filter, a second passage forming device for closing a first passage when burning and removing filter accumulated particulates and forming a second passage for flowing out combustion exhaust gas to the exhaust gas deriving pipe by successively and serially flowing heating air from an ignition heater to a divided filter existing in the downstream side from a divided filter existing in the upstream by dividedly arranging a surface of the filter in plural parts and a passage switching mechanism.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filter for removing particulates provided in an exhaust pipe for removing particulates contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine automobile. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that ignites fine particles with little fuel consumption and burns the fine particles to remove the fine particles and maintain a filter function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a strong demand for reducing black smoke contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine. Therefore, a filter is disposed in an exhaust passage to trap fine particles, and when the fine particles are accumulated in the filter, the fine particles are burned. Thus, restoring the function of the filter has already been proposed. However, in the conventional technology, it is difficult to stably burn the captured fine particles, and the amount of electric power supplied to a heater provided for combustion is large. It was a drawback.

[0003] In the prior art, a heater is arranged over the entire surface in close proximity to a filter for capturing fine particles, and when a predetermined amount of the fine particles accumulated in the filter reaches a predetermined amount, an exhaust flow is cut off to supply power to the heater. Heat was generated, and combustion air was flowed to burn the fine particles. According to this configuration,
Means that the thickness of the fine particles on the filter orthogonal to the air flow is small, and the size of the heater becomes large because the heater is provided on the entire surface of the filter, and the power supplied to the heater for maintaining stable ignition of the fine particles and maintaining the combustion increases I was forced to do that. Such circumstances were factors that increased fuel consumption.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to an exhaust gas streamline from an engine which always passes through a filter for removing particulates, and an airflow line for removing and burning particulates for restoring the filter function. Providing a device that controls to enable different optimal operations from each other, realizes combustion stabilization, reduces energy consumed to burn captured fine particles as compared with the conventional technology, The aim is to avoid increased fuel consumption.

When removing particulates from engine exhaust, it is necessary to allow a large volume of exhaust per unit time to pass through the filter. For this purpose, a filter technique is used in which a filter having a large area is provided in the exhaust passage as in the related art, and a through-exhaust flow distributed in parallel over the entire surface of the filter is generated. However, according to the present invention, when the captured fine particles are burned, the filter is subdivided into the same shape to form a stacked body, and combustion air is flowed in the laminating direction to sequentially penetrate the subdivided filter and burn in series. It is based on the principle of causing a chain reaction of combustion by passing air and further forming an air flow guide tube corresponding to a furnace wall or a flue on the outer periphery. It is intended to improve the large fuel consumption at the time.

[0006] In the prior art, the rated capacity is KW because a heater is provided on the entire surface of the filter for the combustion of fine particles.
, The electric power required for heating was large, and the time required to reach the combustion temperature also required about 10 minutes. In addition, the entire device has become large, and it has been difficult to secure a space to be mounted on a vehicle. According to the present invention, when burning the fine particles, when the filter is subdivided and laminated and the combustion air flows,
Since the area of the ignition heater is a value obtained by dividing the area by a fractional number as compared with the prior art, the size of the heater and the power capacity can be very small, and the time to reach the combustion temperature can be shortened in seconds. In addition, a heater is installed only at the uppermost stream of the stacked filter, and after ignition, multiple layers propagate simultaneously downstream by the chain reaction of combustion, and the combustion temperature rises sharply by the supply of combustion air, Even if the power supplied to the heater is reduced or cut off, the particles can be completely burned, and the conventional disadvantage can be solved.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a filter for filtering particulates contained in exhaust gas from a diesel engine through an exhaust gas introduction pipe for introducing exhaust gas in parallel to an entire surface of the filter. A first flow path forming device that forms a flow path leading to a subsequent exhaust outlet pipe, and the first flow path is closed when burning and removing fine particles accumulated in the filter, and the surface of the filter is divided into a plurality of portions. A second flow path for dividing and arranging the heating air from the ignition heater to flow in series from the upstream divided filter to the downstream divided filter in order, and causing the combustion exhaust gas of the diesel particulates to flow to the exhaust outlet pipe. A second flow path forming device for forming the first flow path; and a flow path switching mechanism for switching between the first and second flow path forming apparatuses.

In another embodiment, a strip-shaped filter for removing fine particles is formed in a zigzag shape, and exhaust gas is introduced from an exhaust gas introduction pipe provided on one side of the zigzag filter via a shutter in an open state. A first flow path forming device including a mechanism, a mechanism for discharging exhaust gas to an exhaust guide pipe via an open shutter provided on the other side of the zigzag filter, and a shutter in a closed state. And a second flow path forming device through which the heated air for particulate combustion passes in series through a zigzag filter surrounded by a case constituted by a side wall of the filter frame and a closed shutter.

Further, the filter for removing fine particles in a band shape is formed in a zigzag shape, and the first and second filters are formed in the zigzag filter.
Two systems are provided, one of which is set to the state of particulate removal, the other is set to the state of particulate combustion removal, and the other is set to the state of particulate combustion removal when particulates accumulate on the filter. In addition, a channel switching mechanism for switching the other to a state of removing fine particles, or a band-like filter for removing fine particles is arranged in a zigzag shape, and when burning and removing fine particles, the filter is moved to one side to reduce the occupied volume. Means can be used.

[0010]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system of an apparatus for removing and burning particulates of a diesel particulate filter according to the present invention. 11 is a diesel engine, 12 is an exhaust pipe, 13 is a particulate filter and a whole particulate combustion removing device, 121 is an exhaust introduction pipe, 141 and 142 are exhaust exhaust pipes, 151 and 152 are particulate filters, 16 is an actuator, 161, 162
Is a switching control mechanism of the particulate filter, 163 is a combustion air switching mechanism of the particulate filter, 171 is a combustion air switching valve, 172 is an air tank, 173 is an injector pump, 173 and 175 are combustion air supply pipes, and 176 is a compression. An air opening / closing valve 177 is a control valve for controlling the supply of compressed air to the actuator via an air pipe 178, 179 is a high-pressure compressed air introduction pipe mounted on an automobile, and 18 is an element for controlling the operation of the system of the present invention. 191 and 192 etc. are various sensors for measuring the air pressure, the temperature of each part, and the like, which are indicated by black circles, and 199 is an electric wiring connecting the sensor and the control device.

In FIG. 1, a state in which the particulate filter 151 filters the diesel particulates in the exhaust gas, a state in which the particulate filter 152 burns and removes the particulates accumulated in the filter, and a state in which the removing operation is completed. 3 shows that the air condition is maintained until the operation is switched to the filtering operation. During the combustion removal operation, the heater operates and the combustion air is supplied to the particulate filter 152. When this operation is completed, the power supply to the heater and the supply of the combustion air are automatically performed by the operation of the sensor and the control device. However, the mechanical state shown in FIG. 1 is maintained. Although the particulate filter is manufactured from silicon carbide fiber as an example, heat-resistant ceramic fiber can be used.

As is apparent from the description of FIG. 1, in the present invention, two systems of exhaust particulate filters are provided and used while alternately regenerating. However, it is not essential to provide two systems, and the burning and removing operation of the particulate filter according to the present invention can be completed in a short time. At times, cleaning by burning off the particulate filter can be performed. In a state where the exhaust amount is small, the burden on the environment can be neglected even if the particulate filter is bypassed to perform the combustion removal operation in a short time and then restored. In the case of preventing deterioration of the filtering function due to accumulation of diesel particulates in the filter during continuous running for a long time, the cost is high, but there is a great advantage in switching and using two filters.

Although such a filter regenerating apparatus has been used in the past, the electric power supplied to the heater for burning the diesel particulates is as large as several KW, so that the fuel consumption is large and the economy and the cost of the apparatus are high. Was causing problems. The reason was that a large heater surrounding the filter had to be used, and a large-capacity power supply had to be specially prepared. The present invention employs a novel structure as a filter to solve the problems in the prior art,
Optimum control of the air flow passing through the filter at the time of filtering the exhaust gas and at the time of burning and removing the particulates, and at the time of burning and removing the particulates accumulated in the filter, form a combustion chamber surrounding the filter and connect in series with a small heater. Based on the technical idea of performing a specific combustion, it is possible to realize a particulate combustion removal device for a diesel particulate filter which is small and has extremely small fuel consumption used for regeneration of the filter.

One embodiment of the particulate filter of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The particulate filters 151 and 152 described in FIG. 1 are mounted in the filter housing case 21 in parallel. Two sets of filter particulate filters 151 and 152 are provided in the embodiment of FIG.
A large number of particulate filters 23 are mounted inside a filter case 22 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Each filter 23 is fixed to two opposing side walls 24 of the filter case with a surface arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the filter case 22 and at a predetermined interval. More specifically, rectangular openings 241 and 24 are formed in opposite side walls of the filter case.
2, two groups of openings are offset from one another. Sudare-shaped members 243 and 244 formed by the side walls of the filter case are formed between the openings.

The filter 23 is fixed between the opposed members. An independent rectangular filter may be fixed with an adhesive or a fixing metal, or a band-shaped filter may be formed in a zigzag shape and fixed. A shutter 25 is provided at each of the two groups of openings so that the shutters can be opened and closed in conjunction with each other. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the shutters of the particulate filter 151 are all open and the shutters of the particulate filter 152 are all closed. Exhaust pipe 1
When viewed from the left end near 21, the particulate filter 151 is
Exhaust gas passes through all the filter elements in parallel, and a flow path is formed in the exhaust outlet pipe 141.

However, since the shutters of the particulate filter 152 are all closed, all the filter elements are surrounded by the side wall of the filter case and the shutter, and a large number of filters are supplied from the combustion air supply pipe 175 at the left end of the drawing. A flow path that passes in series to the right end filter and that is discharged from the opening 26 to the exhaust outlet pipe 142 is formed. Therefore, when power is supplied to the leftmost heater 27 and air is supplied from the combustion air supply pipe, high-temperature air flows along the flow path. When the temperature rises to a few hundred degrees Celsius, which is the combustion start temperature of the diesel particulate attached to the filter, the filter located on the left end, which is the hottest, is ignited, and the heat generated by this combustion is added to the heat of the heater, and the temperature further increases. The heat moves to the right due to the airflow.

By such an operation, the particulate filter 152 sealed in the filter case receives the supply of combustion air and heat, starts burning diesel particulates from the left side, and moves the combustion to the right side. Go. During this time, the temperature inside the filter case rises, but if the temperature becomes excessively high, the filter will be damaged.Therefore, the temperature is detected by a sensor, the power supply to the heater and the amount of combustion air are controlled by a control device, and the diesel The fine particles are adjusted to be in a predetermined combustion state. The filter that has finished burning the particulates does not generate heat by itself, and the high-temperature portion moves from left to right. When the combustion of the diesel particulates in all the filters is completed, the supply of electric power to the heater and the supply of combustion air are stopped.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the particulate filter of the present invention. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is the structure of the shutter. In FIG. 3, two sets of fine particle filters 31 and 32 are arranged in a V-shape, and switching of the two filters is performed by a flat shutter 341. The exhaust gas from the exhaust gas introduction pipe 121 is supplied to the filter 3
One and the flat shutter 341 alternately closes the input side of one filter, facing the input side of 1 and 32 in common. On the output side of the filter, a flat shutter 34
2 and 343 are provided. In FIG. 3, the flat shutter 341 on the input side of the upper filter 31 of the two sets of particulate filters 31 and 32 is opened, and in conjunction with this, the flat shutter 342 on the output side of the filter is also opened. On the other hand, the input side of the lower filter 32 is closed by the flat shutter 341, and in conjunction with this, the flat shutter 343 on the output side of the filter is controlled to be closed.

The space between the two sets of filter particulate filters 31 and 32 has a large cross section on the left and a small cross section on the right. When the exhaust gas is introduced from the exhaust gas introduction pipe 121, it flows through the particulate filter to the exhaust gas discharge pipe. Since the amount of exhaust gas on the upstream side is large and flows on the way to the particulate filter, the flow rate passing therethrough decreases as it goes downstream. Although the shape of the exhaust introduction space is designed so that the exhaust flow rate passing through the particulate filter becomes uniform, it is necessary to consider that the flat shutter 341 performs the switching operation.

The fine particle filter 31 on the upper side of FIG. 3 has the flat shutters 341 and 342 opened, and exhaust gas flows in the direction of the arrow and is sent out to the exhaust outlet pipe 141. During this time, the fine particles are captured by the filter. On the other hand, the fine particle filter 32 on the lower side of FIG.
1 and the output side flat shutter 343 is closed, and no flow path for engine exhaust is formed. However, combustion air is supplied to the heater 28 from the fine particle combustion air removal pipe 175 provided at the left end, and the combustion air heated to a high temperature flows to the right side of the figure to remove the fine particles attached to the left end fine particle filter. The combustion exhaust is discharged from the rightmost particulate filter to the exhaust outlet pipe 142.

As described above, the fine particles on the fine particle filter close to the heater start burning first, the combustion gas flows downstream, and the fine particles on the fine particle filter continue burning, so that the temperature gradually increases. Excessive particulate combustion can result in filter damage,
Conversely, if the combustion is not performed smoothly, the removal of the combustion will not proceed, or the operation will have an adverse effect requiring an unexpectedly long time.
Therefore, as described in FIG. 1, the measurement results such as the air temperature of the input / output unit and the heater heating temperature are sent to the control unit by the temperature sensors 191 and 192 provided in each unit, and the control program set in the control unit is controlled. The power supply to the heater and the supply amount of combustion air are adjusted underneath to prevent the filter from being excessively heated and to efficiently complete the burning and removal of fine particles.

In the state shown in FIG.
Is a state in which the fine particles are filtered, and the filter 32 performs an operation of burning and removing the fine particles. Flat shutters require work accuracy to perform complete shielding,
There is an advantage that the structure is simple and maintenance is easy. The opening and closing operation of the flat shutter can be performed by a pneumatic cylinder or electric drive, and after the operation, the shutter can be fixed to the filter case by a lock device. As described above, the switching of the two filters can be realized by the operation of the shutter.

As can be understood from the above description, in the present invention, the streamline passing through the filter when filtering engine exhaust and the streamline when burning particulates are different.
The flow rate is large because the former is the displacement of the engine, and is small because the latter is the amount of air required for combustion. Since the heater is provided only at the left end of the filter and has a small area, the power supply for heat generation is extremely small unlike the conventional technology. The operation time for burning and removing the fine particles requires several seconds until the heater ignites the fine particles,
After the ignition, the combustion proceeds from the upstream portion to the downstream portion sequentially, but the combustion speed is considerably fast, on the order of several tens of seconds, and the time required for completing the removing operation is shorter than that of the prior art. Also,
Since the area of the heater is small, there is a great economic advantage that electric power for ignition and combustion can be extremely small.

FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the fine particle filter of the present invention. In FIGS. 2 and 3 described above, the filter is described as a structure in which a plurality of independent rectangular filters are provided. In FIG. 4, however, the filter 41 is different from this in that the filter material is folded in a bellows shape and integrally formed. I do. A plurality of U-shaped portions 43 are provided on opposing walls of the filter case, and an exhaust slit hole 4 is formed between the portions 43.
6 are formed. The V-shaped tip portion of the filter folded portion is housed in the concave portion of the U-shaped forming portion 43, and a fixing metal rod 42 is inserted into the V-shaped inner portion, and both ends are fitted to the wall of the filter case. It is fixed by an engagement fitting provided in the section. As can be understood from FIG. 4, the filter is sandwiched between the concave portion of the U-shaped forming portion 43 and the fixing metal rod 42 so that the filter 41 is vertically extended by the fixing metal rod 42. The filter can be fixed to the filter case with a simple structure.

In FIG. 4, the shutter used for filtering the exhaust gas and controlling the air flow for switching to the operation of removing and burning the particulate has a structure different from that of FIGS. 2 and 3. Reference numeral 44 denotes a shutter plate, which employs a structure in which the shutter 44 slides between a U-shaped forming portion 43 provided on the side wall of the filter case and the shutter pressing plate 45. A hole 47 having substantially the same shape as the slit hole is provided in the shutter suppressing plate 45 at a position corresponding to the exhaust slit hole 46 provided between the U-shaped portions 43. The shutter 44 is also provided with a hole 48 having substantially the same shape as the slit hole at a position corresponding to the exhaust slit hole. Therefore, in the state of FIG. 4 in which the shutter 44 is controlled to the exhaust air flow passage position, the slit hole 46, the hole 4
8 and the hole 47 coincide, and the exhaust gas passes through the flow path 49.

However, the shutter 44 is shifted to the exhaust airflow blocking position, and the shutter portion 441 is
And the hole 47, the passage from the exhaust inlet pipe to the exhaust outlet pipe is blocked. The width of the shutter portion 441 is set sufficiently large as compared with the width of the slit hole 46 provided between the U-shaped portions 43. The pitch between the plurality of slit holes 46, that is, the distance between the slit holes 46 and the adjacent holes 46 is indicated by P in FIG.
4, the moving distance for opening and closing the slit hole 46 is P / 2. Therefore, at the exhaust airflow passage position in FIG.
The exhaust airflow flows as shown by arrow 49. Shutter 4
4 is moved by P / 2 in the direction of arrow 442 in FIG.
The filter 41 is hermetically sealed by a filter case, and although not shown, heated air flows from a heater at the left end in a direction of an arrow 491 to burn and remove fine particles, and exhaust gas is discharged to the right end.

FIG. 5 shows a particulate combustion removing apparatus employing a filter of the type described with reference to FIG. 4, when filtering particulates in exhaust gas, as shown in the upper part of FIG. As shown in the lower part of FIG. 5, when the fine particles are burnt and removed,
This is an embodiment in which the fine particle filters are moved to the left side of the drawing on the heater installation side so as to be stacked with a small gap therebetween. The position of the left end of the filter is fixed and does not change as indicated by the arrow 53, but the position of the right end moves to the left as indicated by the arrow 54. U-shaped part 51
Are in close contact with each other, and the filters are
It becomes 11. As a result, the density per volume of the fine particles attached to the filter is increased, and when the fine particles are ignited by the heater, the burning of the fine particles proceeds quickly because the interval between adjacent filters is small. Since the upper and lower portions close the filter in a state where the U-shaped portions 51 are almost in close contact with each other, the shutter structure described with reference to FIG. 4 is not required.

One embodiment of a mechanism for moving the particulate filters of FIG. 5 to the heater side so as to be stacked with a small gap therebetween will be described. It is the same as FIG. 4 in fixing the V-shaped inner part of the filter folded in a bellows shape to the clasp, but is an independent member, and can slide along the guide rail inside the filter case. Has formed. A rod 52 is attached to the clamp 51 of the rightmost filter as shown in the lower part of FIG. 5, and the filter can be moved left and right by being driven by a known pneumatic cylinder, motor or the like. A chain is connected between the plurality of clasps 51 of each filter,
An interval can be provided when spreading. The rod and a part of the drive mechanism need heat resistance at a temperature of about 700 ° C.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is incorporated in a particulate combustion removing apparatus. In FIG. 6A, reference numeral 60 denotes a particulate filter storage case, 61 denotes a particulate filter, 62 denotes an exhaust introduction pipe, 63 denotes an exhaust outlet pipe, and 64 denotes an actuator. The state (a) shows a state in which the particulate filter is extended over the entire width of the exhaust passage between the exhaust inlet pipe and the exhaust outlet pipe to remove the particulates. FIG. 6B shows a state in which the particulate filter is compressed using the configuration shown in FIG. 5 and the operation of particulate combustion removal is performed. During the particulate combustion removal operation, the combustion air heated from the heater 68 provided on the left side of the compressed particulate filter 611 is introduced and burned, and the exhaust gas burned from the right end of the particulate filter is discharged to the exhaust outlet pipe 63.

As can be understood from FIG. 6B, during the operation of removing and burning particulates, the compressed filter is moved to the left as indicated by reference numeral 611 and the volume is reduced. . A passage 66 through which the engine exhaust gas flows out of the exhaust introduction pipe 62 to the exhaust outlet pipe without passing through the filter.
Is formed. The operation of removing and burning particulates can be performed while the engine is stopped or during a light load. In this case, combustion air is supplied from the air introduction pipe 65, and the gas heated and ignited by the heater 68 becomes the exhaust passage 67 and is discharged to the exhaust outlet pipe 63. Switching between the exhaust filtration and the particulate combustion removal operation is possible only by moving the particulate filter, and the structure can be simplified.

FIG. 6C shows an arrow c- in FIG.
This shows a cross section indicated by c, and shows that the particulate filter 61 is disposed in a filtered state in the middle of the flow path from the exhaust gas inlet pipe to the exhaust gas outlet pipe. A portion 62 connected to the exhaust gas introduction pipe 62 is provided in the particulate filter housing case 60.
1 and a portion 631 connected to the exhaust outlet pipe 63, and walls 622, 623 and walls 632, 633 are provided at portions adjacent to the four corners of the filter to secure a size capable of accommodating the particulate filter. I have. Since such a structure is employed, the particulate filter accommodating case 60 itself can perform the function of supporting and fixing the particulate filter during operation, and the function as a guide rail of the filter element when compressing and expanding.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the particulate filter used in the embodiment described in FIG. In the perspective view of FIG. 7A, when the rectangular filter element 71 is mounted on a frame 72 having a frame shape and the frame is pressed in the thickness direction, the filter can be supported by the compressed frame material. FIG. 7 (b)
FIG. 8 shows a cross section in the direction b indicated by an arrow in FIG. FIG.
(C) is a figure explaining the means which assembles many filter elements and comprises a structure. One of the two frames of the filter
When a thin elastic plate 73 is spot-welded to the side and a force is applied in a direction to separate the filters on the non-welded side and the opposite side,
It is configured to open slightly and return to its original state when released. Similarly, a thin elastic plate 73 is welded to the other adjacent side, and two adjacent frames of the filter are alternately welded to each other by a thin elastic plate. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of particulate filters are connected in a zigzag manner, and a particulate filter assembly structure 61 is completed.

The fine particles contain a carbon-based substance as a main component, and when the filter is brought closer to increase the apparent fine particle density, the fine particles have a calorific value close to that of a low-grade solid fuel. When power is supplied to the heater to generate heat and combustion air is supplied, the heated air flows through an adjacent filter,
When the attached fine particles are heated and reach an ignition temperature near 600 degrees Celsius, they start burning. The air stream further heated by the combustion flows downstream to burn the next filter.
Since the particulate filters are close to each other, the process proceeds to the combustion of the particulates of the next filter in a short time, and the operation of removing and removing the particulates of all the filters can be completed. In addition, power must be supplied to the heater at the time of ignition.However, if the burning of the fine particles progresses and the combustion continues, the temperature will increase, and thereafter, the power supply to the heater may be reduced or cut off. it can. The heater power for ignition can be suppressed to the order of 100 W, and the heater power consumption for continuing combustion can be reduced. Such continuation of the self-combustion can be realized by the control device for adjusting the air supply amount of the combustion air and controlling the heater supply.

The heater provided at the left end of the filter is constituted by a nichrome wire or a ceramic heater supported by an insulator made of a heat-resistant open-cell material. Further, in order to remove fine particles by combustion, it is necessary to flow combustion air evenly over the entire surface of the heater and the filter. Although the flow rate is not large, since it is provided in contact with the heat generating portion, a material such as a porous ceramic plate is preferable as the diffusion material. Instead of assembling the heater as a separate element as described above, it is also possible to mount it on the surface of the filter or to weave it into the fibers constituting the filter. In this case, a heater may be provided to a plurality of filters to promote ignition and combustion.

[0035]

The present invention employs a novel structure as a filter and optimally controls the air flow passing through the filter when filtering exhaust gas and burning and removing particulates, thereby providing a large filtering area and a large filter area. At the time of burning and removing the particulates accumulated in the filter, the filter can be switched to a divided small area. For this reason, the area of the heater provided at the inflow portion of the combustion air flow can be reduced in size as compared with the related art. Therefore, not only can the power supplied to the heater for igniting and burning the fine particles during combustion removal be extremely small, but also the time required for the heater to reach the ignition temperature is shortened and the time required for combustion removal is shortened.

The structure of the present invention for optimally controlling the air flow passing through the filter at the time of combustion removal allows the filter case to form a chimney-like cylinder surrounding the filter to form a combustion chamber. I do. The fine particles can be burned in a limited space, and during combustion, the power generated by the burning of the fine particles can reduce or cut off the power supplied to the heater. In this sense, the power consumption can be significantly reduced. The combustion temperature can be controlled not only by controlling the power supplied to the heater but also by adjusting the inflow of the combustion air flow, so that the particulates can be completely burned off. The power consumption of the heater is reduced
Since it can be set to the following extremely small values, standard electric equipment of a vehicle is sufficient, and no special generator is required. Since the capacity of the heater is small, ignition can be started quickly. There is an advantage that the size of the entire apparatus can be made very small and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system of an apparatus for removing and burning particulates of a diesel particulate filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a first embodiment of a dispersion shutter structure in the fine particle filter of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the door type shutter structure in the particulate filter of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a third embodiment of a ladder shutter structure in the particulate filter of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which particulate filters are stacked on each other and moved to the heater installation side during combustion removal.

FIG. 6 is an embodiment in which the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is incorporated in a particulate combustion removing device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of a structure of a particulate filter used in the embodiment described in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Diesel engine 12 Exhaust pipe 121 Exhaust introduction pipe 141, 142 Exhaust outlet pipe 151, 152 Particulate filter 16 Actuator 163 Particulate filter combustion air switching mechanism 171 Combustion air switching valve 172 Air tank 173 Injector pump 174, 175 Combustion air Supply pipe 176 Compressed air opening / closing valve 177 Control valve for controlling supply of compressed air to actuator 179 High-pressure compressed air introduction pipe mounted on automobile 18 Control device 191, 192 for controlling operation of system of the present invention Pneumatic , Various sensors for measuring the temperature of each part, etc. 199 Electrical wiring for connecting the sensor and the control device 21, 30 Filter housing case 27 Heaters 341, 342, 343 Flat shutter 43 U-shaped forming part 4 Ladder shutter 45 shutter holding plate 46 exhaust slit 52 the drive rod 64 the actuator 68 the heater 73 thin elastic plate

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A filter for removing fine particles contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine by filtration,
A first flow path forming device that forms a flow path from an exhaust gas introduction pipe that introduces exhaust gas in parallel to an exhaust gas extraction pipe that has been filtered by a filter, and a first flow path forming apparatus that burns and removes particulates accumulated in the filter. The flow path is closed, the surface of the filter is divided into a plurality of parts and arranged, and the heated air from the ignition heater is sequentially flowed in series from the upstream divided filter to the downstream divided filter to burn diesel particulates. A second flow path forming device for forming a second flow path for discharging the exhaust gas to the exhaust discharge pipe; and a flow path switching mechanism for switching between the first and second flow path forming apparatuses. Diesel particulate filter particulate burner. 2. A mechanism for forming a strip-shaped particulate filter in a zigzag shape, and introducing exhaust gas from an exhaust introduction pipe provided on one side of the zigzag filter through an open shutter. A first flow path forming device including a mechanism for discharging exhaust gas to an exhaust gas inlet / outlet pipe via an open shutter provided on the other side of the filter, and the shutter is switched to a closed state; The diesel particulate according to claim 1, further comprising a second flow path forming device through which the particulate combustion heating air passes in series through a zigzag filter surrounded by a case formed by a side wall of the frame and a closed shutter. Filter particulate burner. 3. A zig-zag filter is formed in a zigzag filter, and the zigzag filter is provided with two systems of fine particle burning and removing devices having first and second flow path forming devices. And a flow path switching mechanism for switching one of the states to a state of particulate combustion removal and the other to a state of particulate removal when particulates accumulate on the filter. 2. A device for removing and burning particulates of a diesel particulate filter according to claim 1. 4. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the filter for removing fine particles in a band shape is arranged in a zigzag shape, and when the fine particles are burnt and removed, the filter is moved to one side to reduce the occupied volume. A particulate combustion removal device for the diesel particulate filter according to the above.